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Damizia M, Altieri L, Costanzo V, Lavia P. Distinct Mitotic Functions of Nucleolar and Spindle-Associated Protein 1 (NuSAP1) Are Controlled by Two Consensus SUMOylation Sites. Cells 2023; 12:2545. [PMID: 37947624 PMCID: PMC10650578 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleolar and Spindle-Associated Protein 1 (NuSAP1) is an important mitotic regulator, implicated in control of mitotic microtubule stability and chromosome segregation. NuSAP1 regulates these processes by interacting with several protein partners. Its abundance, activity and interactions are therefore tightly regulated during mitosis. Protein conjugation with SUMO (Small Ubiquitin-like MOdifier peptide) is a reversible post-translational modification that modulates rapid changes in the structure, interaction(s) and localization of proteins. NuSAP1 was previously found to interact with RANBP2, a nucleoporin with SUMO ligase and SUMO-stabilizing activity, but how this interaction affects NuSAP1 activity has remained elusive. Here, we show that NuSAP1 interacts with RANBP2 and forms proximity ligation products with SUMO2/3 peptides in a RANBP2-dependent manner at key mitotic sites. A bioinformatic search identified two putative SUMO consensus sites in NuSAP1, within the DNA-binding and the microtubule-binding domains, respectively. Site-specific mutagenesis, and mitotic phenotyping in cell lines expressing each NuSAP1 mutant version, revealed selective roles of each individual site in control of NuSAP1 localization and in generation of specific mitotic defects and distinct fates in daughter cells. These results identify therefore two new regulatory sites for NuSAP1 functions and implicate RANBP2 in control of NuSAP1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Damizia
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.D.); (L.A.); (V.C.)
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrated Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Ludovica Altieri
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.D.); (L.A.); (V.C.)
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Costanzo
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.D.); (L.A.); (V.C.)
| | - Patrizia Lavia
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.D.); (L.A.); (V.C.)
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Sebastiani J, Puxeddu M, Nalli M, Bai R, Altieri L, Rovella P, Gaudio E, Trisciuoglio D, Spriano F, Lavia P, Fionda C, Masci D, Urbani A, Bigogno C, Dondio G, Hamel E, Bertoni F, Silvestri R, La Regina G. RS6077 induces mitotic arrest and selectively activates cell death in human cancer cell lines and in a lymphoma tumor in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114997. [PMID: 36502578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized a new inhibitor of tubulin polymerization, the pyrrole (1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3- d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)(3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl)methanone 6 (RS6077). Compound 6 inhibited the growth of multiple cancer cell lines, with IC50 values in the nM range, without affecting the growth of non-transformed cells. The novel agent arrested cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle in both transformed and non-transformed cell lines, but single cell analysis by time-lapse video recording revealed a remarkable selectivity in cell death induction by compound 6: in RPE-1 non-transformed cells mitotic arrest induced was not necessarily followed by cell death; in contrast, in HeLa transformed and in lymphoid-derived transformed AHH1 cell lines, cell death was effectively induced during mitotic arrest in cells that fail to complete mitosis. Importantly, the agent also inhibited the growth of the lymphoma TMD8 xenograft model. Together these findings suggest that derivative 6 has a selective efficacy in transformed vs non-transformed cells and indicate that the same compound has potential as novel therapeutic agent to treat lymphomas. Compound 6 showed good metabolic stability upon incubation with human liver microsomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Sebastiani
- Laboratory Affiliated with the Institute Pasteur Italy - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Michela Puxeddu
- Laboratory Affiliated with the Institute Pasteur Italy - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Marianna Nalli
- Laboratory Affiliated with the Institute Pasteur Italy - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Ruoli Bai
- Molecular Pharmacology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States
| | - Ludovica Altieri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; IBPM Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology - Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Rovella
- IBPM Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology - Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Via Francesco Chiesa 5, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Trisciuoglio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; IBPM Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology - Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Spriano
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Via Francesco Chiesa 5, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Patrizia Lavia
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; IBPM Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology - Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Fionda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Domiziana Masci
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Bigogno
- Aphad SrL, Via Della Resistenza 65, 20090, Buccinasco, Italy
| | - Giulio Dondio
- Aphad SrL, Via Della Resistenza 65, 20090, Buccinasco, Italy
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Molecular Pharmacology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Via Francesco Chiesa 5, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Romano Silvestri
- Laboratory Affiliated with the Institute Pasteur Italy - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe La Regina
- Laboratory Affiliated with the Institute Pasteur Italy - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy
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Damizia M, Altieri L, Lavia P. Non-transport roles of nuclear import receptors: In need of the right balance. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1041938. [PMID: 36438555 PMCID: PMC9686011 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1041938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear import receptors ensure the recognition and transport of proteins across the nuclear envelope into the nucleus. In addition, as diverse processes as mitosis, post-translational modifications at mitotic exit, ciliogenesis, and phase separation, all share a common need for regulation by nuclear import receptors - particularly importin beta-1 and importin beta-2/transportin - independent on nuclear import. In particular, 1) nuclear import receptors regulate the mitotic spindle after nuclear envelope breakdown, 2) they shield cargoes from unscheduled ubiquitination, regulating their timely proteolysis; 3) they regulate ciliary factors, crucial to cell communications and tissue architecture during development; and 4) they prevent phase separation of toxic proteins aggregates in neurons. The balance of nuclear import receptors to cargoes is critical in all these processes, albeit in opposite directions: overexpression of import receptors, as often found in cancer, inhibits cargoes and impairs downstream processes, motivating the therapeutic design of specific inhibitors. On the contrary, elevated expression is beneficial in neuronal contexts, where nuclear import receptors are regarded as potential therapeutic tools in counteracting the formation of aggregates that may cause neurodegeneration. This paradox demonstrates the amplitude of nuclear import receptors-dependent functions in different contexts and adds complexity in considering their therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Damizia
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrated Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Ludovica Altieri
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR National Research Council of Italy, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Lavia
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR National Research Council of Italy, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Altieri L, Cocchi D, Greco F, Illian J, Scott E. Bayesian P-splines and advanced computing in R for a changepoint analysis on spatio-temporal point processes. J STAT COMPUT SIM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00949655.2016.1146280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Verrotti A, Carotenuto M, Altieri L, Parisi P, Tozzi E, Belcastro V, Esposito M, Guastaferro N, Ciuti A, Mohn A, Chiarelli F, Agostinelli S. Migraine and obesity: metabolic parameters and response to a weight loss programme. Pediatr Obes 2015; 10:220-5. [PMID: 24990114 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Weight loss can determine significant improvement of migraine in obese patients. Herein, we evaluated a clinical sample of adolescent migraineurs with obesity who participated in an interdisciplinary programme for weight loss, in order to identify possible metabolic parameters associated with good migraine control. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Using a cross-sectional design, we evaluated 112 out of 135 adolescents who previously underwent our intervention programme. Based on persistence of headache, subjects for comparison were 40 migraine-free and 72 not migraine-free adolescents. Participants underwent anthropometric evaluations and biochemical tests. RESULTS Patients with persistence of migraine had significantly higher weight (P < 0.01), body mass index (P < 0.01), waist circumference (P < 0.01), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (P < 0.001), triglyceride (P < 0.05), total cholesterol (P < 0.05) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < 0.05) values when compared with those who became migraine-free. Between potential predictors, only insulin resistance (odds ratio = 3.5, 95% confidence interval = 1.4-6.1; P < 0.001) was significantly associated with persistence of migraine after intervention programme. CONCLUSIONS Among obese adolescents with migraine who underwent an intervention programme for weight loss, patients who did not become migraine-free showed higher adiposity values than those who became migraine-free. Patients with insulin resistance had 3.5 times the odds of having persistence of migraine compared with those without.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Verrotti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Ledda M, Altieri L, De Palo S, Pannese E. The Golgi apparatus of spinal ganglion neurons: quantitative changes with aging. J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol 2006; 38:109-16. [PMID: 17784638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus of spinal ganglion neurons was studied in 1, 3.6, 6.7, and 8.8-year-old rabbits. The structure of this organelle did not differ in the four age groups examined. While the mean volume of the neuronal perikaryon increased progressively with age, the total volume of the Golgi apparatus remained stable throughout life. As a consequence, the mean percentage of perikaryal volume occupied by this organelle decreased significantly with age. Since the percentage of perikaryal volume occupied by lipofuscin remained at low levels throughout life, the ratio of the total volume of the Golgi apparatus to the functionally active volume of cytoplasm decreased with age. It is possible that this decrease is related to the reduction in neuronal metabolism that occurs in senescence. The age-related quantitative changes in the Golgi apparatus were very similar in large light and in small dark neurons. Finally, neither fragmentation, nor peripheral displacement of the Golgi apparatus was observed with advancing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ledda
- Institute of Histology, Embryology and Neurocytology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Ledda M, Barni L, Altieri L, Pannese E. The Golgi apparatus of satellite cells associated with spinal ganglion neurons: changes with age in the rabbit. J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol 2003; 35:267-70. [PMID: 14690174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
We studied the Golgi apparatus in the satellite cell sheaths enveloping spinal ganglion neurons of rabbits aged 12, 42, and 79 months. We found neither structural changes nor indications of peripheral displacement of this organelle with advancing age. The mean percentage of cytoplasmic volume occupied by the Golgi apparatus decreased significantly passing from young adult to old rabbits. This decrease was only in very minor part a consequence of lipofuscin accumulation, so that the ratio between the total volume of the Golgi apparatus and the functionally active volume of cytoplasm decreased with age. The mean cytoplasmic volume of perineuronal satellite cell sheaths did not change significantly with increasing age, whereas the total volume of the Golgi apparatus within these sheaths decreased significantly with age. This decrease strongly suggests that the activity of satellite cells diminishes in old age, further suggesting that these cells are unable to compensate for the decrease in the neuronal metabolism that a number of authors have described in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ledda
- Institute of Histology, Embryology and Neurocytology, University of Milan, Italy
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Abstract
We studied the Golgi apparatus in spinal ganglion neurons of rabbits aged 12, 42 and 79 months. We found no structural changes, no indications of fragmentation, no indications of peripheral displacement affecting this organelle with advancing age. The volume of the perikaryon increased significantly with age, whereas the total volume of the Golgi apparatus remained essentially constant. Hence the mean percentage of perikaryal volume occupied by the Golgi apparatus decreased with age. This decrease was only in very minor part a consequence of lipofuscin accumulation, so that the ratio between the total volume of the Golgi apparatus and the functionally active volume of cytoplasm decreased with age. This decrease could be related to the reduced neuronal metabolism that occurs during ageing. It is possible that the delivery to the axon of newly synthesized proteins destined for fast transport is one of the Golgi apparatus roles that decrease with age. Finally, we found that the age-related quantitative changes in the Golgi apparatus did not differ between large light and small dark neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ledda
- Institute of Histology, Embryology and Neurocytology, University of Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Nuclear and perikaryal volumes, as well as the mean percentage of perikaryal volume occupied by lipofuscin, were estimated in spinal ganglion neurons of 12, 42 and 79 month-old rabbits. The volume ratio between nucleus and perikaryal cytoplasm (N/C volume ratio) decreased progressively and significantly with increasing age. This was not a consequence of the perikaryal enlargement due to the age-related lipofuscin accumulation since the same result was obtained when the volume occupied by lipofuscin was subtracted from the perikaryal volume. The decrease in the N/C volume ratio may depend on an age-related loss of DNA, a cytoplasmic influence on nuclear size, or other unknown causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ledda
- Institute of Histology, Embryology and Neurocytology, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 14, I-20133, Milan, Italy
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Ledda M, Barni L, Altieri L, Pannese E. Amount and distribution of lipofuscin in nerve and satellite cells from spinal ganglia of young adult and aged rabbits. J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol 1999; 31:237-46. [PMID: 10457610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
The quantitative aspects of the age-related accumulation of lipofuscin were studied in the rabbit spinal ganglia by stereological methods using the electron microscope. Both neurons and their associated satellite cells were examined. In neurons, the shape and structure of lipofuscin bodies differed in young adults (12-months-old) compared to aged rabbits (79-months-old), whereas substantial changes were not observed in satellite cells. Both in nerve and satellite cells, lipofuscin bodies were scattered singly in young adults, but were often clustered in old animals. Lipofuscin occupied an average of 0.36% of neuronal perikaryal volume in the young adults and 2.55% in the aged rabbits; these percentages are much lower than those observed in the same neurons of other species. In the satellite cells, the corresponding values were 0.29% and 2.02%. In the young adults, the mean size of lipofuscin bodies was significantly greater in neurons than in satellite cells; the size of these bodies increased with age by about 2.7 times in neurons and by about 1.7 times in satellite cells. Consequently, in the old rabbits the mean size of lipofuscin bodies was about 2.2 times greater in neurons than in satellite cells. It has been suggested that lipofuscin bodies are transferred from the neuronal perikaryon to the surrounding satellite cells and then removed via the capillaries. However, the present findings suggest that lipofuscin located in satellite cells represents pigment formed by these cells rather than being transferred from neuronal perikaryon. It would appear that the age-related accumulation of lipofuscin in the rabbit spinal ganglia has little effect on neuronal metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ledda
- Institute of Histology, Embryology and Neurocytology, University of Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Five elderly, treatment-resistant, depressed, female patients were closely monitored in a research setting during treatment with clomipramine. Plasma clomipramine levels were determined to establish a steady state. Elderly patients (67 to 80 years old) reached a therapeutic steady state at doses lower than that reported for midlife patients. Overall, clomipramine was well tolerated in this group. Depression, measured by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, decreased 42%, and the frequency of somatic complaints, measured by the Rating Scale for Side Effects, declined by 57%. Clomipramine is specifically indicated for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder and may be an alternative for elderly depressed patients, provided that lower doses and plasma clomipramine monitoring are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Kunik
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pennsylvania
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Pereira AA, Mincis M, Novo NF, Altieri L. [Serum activity of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, adult and fetal forms in patients with compensated and decompensated forms of alcoholic cirrhosis]. AMB Rev Assoc Med Bras 1986; 32:7-10. [PMID: 2878473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Porto AM, Altieri L, Castro AJ, Brieux JA. Polar and steric effects of substituents in aromatic nucleophilic substitution. Reactions of 4-, 5-, and 6-substituted 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzenes with sodium thiophenoxide in methanol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1966. [DOI: 10.1039/j29660000963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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