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Karlgren M, Simoff I, Keiser M, Oswald S, Artursson P. CRISPR-Cas9: A New Addition to the Drug Metabolism and Disposition Tool Box. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:1776-1786. [PMID: 30126863 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.082842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9), i.e., CRISPR-Cas9, has been extensively used as a gene-editing technology during recent years. Unlike earlier technologies for gene editing or gene knockdown, such as zinc finger nucleases and RNA interference, CRISPR-Cas9 is comparably easy to use, affordable, and versatile. Recently, CRISPR-Cas9 has been applied in studies of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) and for ADME model generation. To date, about 50 papers have been published describing in vitro or in vivo CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing of ADME and ADME-related genes. Twenty of these papers describe gene editing of clinically relevant genes, such as ATP-binding cassette drug transporters and cytochrome P450 drug-metabolizing enzymes. With CRISPR-Cas9, the ADME tool box has been substantially expanded. This new technology allows us to develop better and more predictive in vitro and in vivo ADME models and map previously underexplored ADME genes and gene families. In this mini-review, we give an overview of the CRISPR-Cas9 technology and summarize recent applications of CRISPR-Cas9 within the ADME field. We also speculate about future applications of CRISPR-Cas9 in ADME research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Karlgren
- Department of Pharmacy (M.Ka., P.A.), Uppsala University Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform, Department of Pharmacy (I.S.), and Science for Life Laboratory (P.A.), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; and Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, University Medicine of Greifswald, Germany (M.Ke., S.O.)
| | - I Simoff
- Department of Pharmacy (M.Ka., P.A.), Uppsala University Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform, Department of Pharmacy (I.S.), and Science for Life Laboratory (P.A.), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; and Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, University Medicine of Greifswald, Germany (M.Ke., S.O.)
| | - M Keiser
- Department of Pharmacy (M.Ka., P.A.), Uppsala University Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform, Department of Pharmacy (I.S.), and Science for Life Laboratory (P.A.), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; and Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, University Medicine of Greifswald, Germany (M.Ke., S.O.)
| | - S Oswald
- Department of Pharmacy (M.Ka., P.A.), Uppsala University Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform, Department of Pharmacy (I.S.), and Science for Life Laboratory (P.A.), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; and Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, University Medicine of Greifswald, Germany (M.Ke., S.O.)
| | - P Artursson
- Department of Pharmacy (M.Ka., P.A.), Uppsala University Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform, Department of Pharmacy (I.S.), and Science for Life Laboratory (P.A.), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; and Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, University Medicine of Greifswald, Germany (M.Ke., S.O.)
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Schneidewind L, Knerr-Rupp K, Feld P, Janssen M, Keiser M, Smola S. Establishment of a 3D organotypic urothelial cell culture model as infection model system for BK polyomavirus – viral lifecycle and identification of new therapeutic targets. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(17)30150-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Berlin S, Kirschbaum A, Spieckermann L, Oswald S, Keiser M, Grube M, Venner M, Siegmund W. Pharmacological indices and pulmonary distribution of rifampicin after repeated oral administration in healthy foals. Equine Vet J 2017; 49:618-623. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Berlin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Centre of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT) University Medicine of Greifswald Greifswald Germany
| | | | | | - S. Oswald
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Centre of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT) University Medicine of Greifswald Greifswald Germany
| | - M. Keiser
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Centre of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT) University Medicine of Greifswald Greifswald Germany
| | - M. Grube
- Department of General Pharmacology Centre of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT) University Medicine of Greifswald Greifswald Germany
| | - M. Venner
- Veterinary Clinic for Horses Destedt Germany
| | - W. Siegmund
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Centre of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT) University Medicine of Greifswald Greifswald Germany
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Hubeny A, Keiser M, Oswald S, Jedlitschky G, Kroemer HK, Siegmund W, Grube M. Expression of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 1A2 in Red Blood Cells and Its Potential Impact on Antimalarial Therapy. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 44:1562-8. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.069807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Jia J, Garve C, Keiser M, Runge D, Ullrich A. Characterization of stably transfected HEK-293 cells expressing OATPs using fluorescent substances. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Oswald S, Nassif A, Modess C, Keiser M, Ulrich A, Runge D, Hanke U, Lütjohann D, Engel A, Weitschies W, Siegmund W. Drug Interactions Between the Immunosuppressant Tacrolimus and the Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor Ezetimibe in Healthy Volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2011; 89:524-8. [DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2011.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Burger DM, Wiestner T, Hubler M, Binder H, Keiser M, Arnold S. Effect of Anticholinergics (Atropine, Glycopyrrolate) and Prokinetics (Metoclopramide, Cisapride) on Gastric Motility in Beagles and Labrador Retrievers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 53:97-107. [PMID: 16466463 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2006.00787.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effect of atropine, glycopyrrolate, metoclopramide and cisapride on the antral motility was investigated in eight dogs (four Beagles and four Labradors) using passive telemetry. Both anticholinergics induced a pronounced and lasting reduction of the intensity and frequency of the contractions. A definite dose-related inhibition of the antral motility was seen in Beagles, similar for both active substances. Low doses of atropine (0.02 mg/kg BW i.m.) and glycopyrrolate (0.005 mg/kg BW i.m.) completely inhibited the gastric motility for at least 30 min, whereas higher doses (0.04 or 0.01 mg/kg BW) caused a cessation of activity for more than 3 h. In Labradors, the effects of both active substances were not so dose related and the effect of glycopyrrolate lasted at least 6 h, whereas the effect of atropine gradually decreased after 3 h. A distinct breed difference regarding the effect of the two prokinetics on the antral motility was also observed. In Beagles, the prokinetics, at a low dose (metoclopramide 0.3 mg/kg BW, cisapride 0.2 mg/kg BW), resulted in a significant increase in the amplitude integral. Higher doses (metoclopramide 0.6 mg/kg BW, cisapride 0.5 mg/kg BW) also increased the integrals of the pressure profiles, but significantly less than with the lower doses. In Labradors, both medications, mainly at higher doses, resulted in an increase of the contraction amplitudes. The low dose had no (cisapride) or only a transient effect (metoclopramide). The frequency of the antral contractions was not at all influenced by cisapride, and only in Beagles metoclopramide resulted in a dose-related increase. It is not clear if the different results in Labradors and Beagles are because of breed or body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Burger
- Department of Reproduction, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Glaus
- Division of Cardiology, Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Keiser M, Flückiger M, Gardelle O, Reusch C. [Mitotane treatment in a dog with a recurring adrenocortical carcinoma--a case report]. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 1999; 141:279-85. [PMID: 10389485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
In a 7 year old female poodle an adrenocortical tumor was diagnosed on basis of laboratory and ultrasonographic examinations. One year after adrenalectomy, a relapse was diagnosed, at that time the suspicion of metastases in the liver arose for the first time. By treatment with Mitotane in a dose aiming at completely destroying the adrenal cortex, a complete disappearance of the tumor as well as a dramatic reduction of the size of the metastases could be achieved. 12 months after the begin of the chemotherapy, the dog is in good general condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Keiser
- Klinik für Kleintiermedizin, Fakultät Zürich
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Brady L, Kramer S, Wasserman TH, Keiser M, Davis L, Pajak TF, Cox J, Rubin P, Griffin T, Perez C. The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group: an outline of clinical research activities. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1988; 14 Suppl 1:S3-12. [PMID: 3292480 DOI: 10.1016/0360-3016(88)90159-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Brady
- Hahnemann University, Dept. of Radiation Therapy, Philadelphia, PA 19102
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Lesinski SG, Chambers AA, Komray R, Keiser M, Khodadad G. Why not the eighth nerve? Neurovascular compression--probable cause for pulsatile tinnitus. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1979; 87:89-94. [PMID: 503480 DOI: 10.1177/019459987908700122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Carotid arteriograms on three patients with unilateral pulsatile tinnitus demonstrated an ipsilateral atypical trigeminal artery extending from the cavernous portion of the internal carotid artery to form the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Illustrations and a dissection of a human fetus with a similar finding show this artery crossing the cochlear nerve near its insertion in the pons. Evidence is presented suggesting that neurovascular compression of the eighth nerve is the source of pulsatile tinnitus in these patients.
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