The discriminating value of serum lactate dehydrogenase levels in children with malignant neoplasms presenting as joint pain

OBJECTIVES

To determine if serum lactate dehydrogenase levels distinguish patients with malignant neoplasm presenting with musculoskeletal complaints from patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis who reported similar symptoms.

DESIGN

Retrospective case-comparison study.

SETTING

Tertiary care, outpatient clinics.

PATIENTS

Twelve patients with malignant neoplasms who presented with arthritis or arthralgias and normal complete blood cell counts and blood smears in whom rheumatologic diagnosis was initially made were compared with 24 children with a final diagnosis of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The patients with malignant neoplasms all had normal blood counts and elevated sedimentation rates at symptom onset.

INTERVENTIONS

None.

RESULTS

Serum lactate dehydrogenase levels were significantly higher in the cancer patients at 2.2 times the normal values vs 0.8 times high normal for patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (P =.004, Mann-Whitney U test) No significant differences were observed in white blood cell counts, hemoglobin levels, platelet counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, or uric acid or aspartate aminotransferase levels at initial evaluation.

CONCLUSIONS

Serum lactate dehydrogenase values may distinguish patients with malignant neoplasms from those with rheumatic disease early in the course of illness when symptoms and other laboratory values are not helpful.

Ethanol induces marked changes in lymphocyte populations and natural killer cell activity in mice

Treatment of mice in vivo with 5% w/v ethanol given in a liquid diet causes marked changes in spleen, peripheral blood, and thymus lymphocytes. In both the thymus and spleen, there is an acute cellular depletion resulting in a significant decrease in gross tissue size and cell number. In spleen and peripheral blood, the percentage of T lymphocytes is increased relative to B lymphocytes, but the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cell sub-populations remains unchanged. Splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity is increased in ethanol-consuming mice, although the percentage of NK1.1+ cells is relatively unchanged.