1
|
Seyedi S, Parvin P, Jafargholi A, Jelvani S, Shahabi M, Shahbazi M, Mohammadimatin P, Moafi A. Fluorescence properties of Phycocyanin and Phycocyanin-human serum albumin complex. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2020; 239:118468. [PMID: 32470806 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the fluorescence properties of Phycocyanin (PC) and the corresponding quenching effects are investigated in attendance of human serum albumin (HSA). At first, PC is excited at 532 nm using CW SHG Nd:YAG laser, then the emission wavelength, Stokes shift, quantum yield, extinction constant and self-quenching coefficient are obtained based on the modified Beer-Lambert equation. It is shown that a notable red shift appears in terms of PC concentration. According to the fluorescence spectra, the addition of HSA in PC solution leads to a significant reduction in the fluorescence signal via quenching events, however a lucid blue shift takes place in the same time. Stern-Volmer formalism is used to determine the quenching constant (KS), the number of binding sites (n) between PC and HSA as well as the association constant Ka for the purpose of facile transportation to the target in the context of drug delivery. Eventually, temperature dependent coefficients and corresponding spectral shifts are investigated over a wide range of temperatures at a couple of distinct PC concentrations to attest the dominant static quenching takes place. The rate of conjugate formations elevates at low temperatures leading to a certain blue shift. Furthermore, large KS is measured in the course of signal reduction, particularly at low PC populations. In fact, PC conjugation to HSA is essential interaction to enhance chemo drug transportation. Here, at the body temperature, the quenching coefficient decreases to facilitate the drug release. Moreover, the spectral shift of fluorescence emission can be useful for simultaneous monitoring and drug delivery treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Seyedi
- Physics Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
| | - P Parvin
- Physics Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran.
| | - A Jafargholi
- Physics Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Jelvani
- Photonics and Quantum Technologies Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, P.O. Box 1439951113, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Shahabi
- High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, P.O. Box 14665-1157, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Shahbazi
- Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, P.O. Box 4913815739, Gorgan, Iran
| | - P Mohammadimatin
- Physics Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Moafi
- Physics Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rafie F, Sheibani V, Shahbazi M, Naghdi N, Pourranjbar M, Sheikh M. The effects of voluntary exercise on learning and memory deficit in Parkinson’s disease model of rats. Sport Sci Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-019-00531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
3
|
Shahbazi M, Ghanbari F, Jafarinasab A, Mohammadreza Vaziri S, Foji S, Rahimi Z, Hasan-Nezhad F, Goudarzian M. The effectiveness of anger management’s training on difficulty of adolescent's emotion regulation. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i1s.739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
4
|
Ebrahimpour S, Shahbazi M, Khalili A, Tahoori MT, Zavaran Hosseini A, Amari A, Aghili B, Abediankenari S, Mohammadizad H, Mohammadnia-Afrouzi M. Elevated levels of IL-2 and IL-21 produced by CD4+ T cells in inflammatory bowel disease. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2017; 31:279-287. [PMID: 28685527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
CD4+ T cells are considered as a subset of cells that play a pivotal role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to assess the levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-21 and their receptors produced by CD4+ T cells in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Thirty-two patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and mean age of 37.93±10.37 years, as well as 22 patients with Crohns disease (CD) and mean age of 37.04±10.44 years, were studied. The healthy controls (HC) included 31 subjects with a mean age of 36.7±10.48 years. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from all the participants. The CD4+ T cells were isolated and the expression of IL-2 and IL-21 and also their receptors were examined by flow cytometry. The level of IL-2+ cells was significantly increased in UC patients compared with HC (40.71±6.04 vs 37.24±6.54, respectively, p=0.04). The level of IL-21+ cells was also significantly elevated in CD patients compared with HC (4.44±1 vs 3.83±0.74, respectively, p=0.02). Furthermore, we found a significant positive correlation between clinical activity index (CAI) and IL-21+ cells. According to the results, we hypothesize that the elevated level of IL-2+ and IL-21+ T cells and a positive correlation between IL-21+ cells with CAI in UC patients may contribute to the pathogenesis of disease. Moreover, the assessment of cells producing such cytokines constitutes a potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ebrahimpour
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - M Shahbazi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - A Khalili
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - M T Tahoori
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - A Zavaran Hosseini
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Amari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - B Aghili
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - S Abediankenari
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - H Mohammadizad
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - M Mohammadnia-Afrouzi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sheibani V, Rafie F, Shahbazi M, Naghdi N, Sheikh M. Comparison of voluntary and forced exercise effects on motor behavior in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesion rat model of Parkinson’s disease. Sport Sci Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-017-0354-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
6
|
Shahbazi M, Keramati M, Farnia M. To implement new method of peer education in Iranian prisons to improve knowledge of inmates on infectious diseases. Int J Infect Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.03.1237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
7
|
Vaezi Z, Farnia M, Shoaee S, Shahbazi M. HIV/AIDS knowledge improvement among Iranian prisons: Innovative Peer Education Method (FMP). Int J Infect Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.03.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
8
|
Eghbali A, Taherahmadi H, Shahbazi M, Bagheri B, Ebrahimi L. Association between serum ferritin level, cardiac and hepatic T2-star MRI in patients with major β-thalassemia. Iran J Ped Hematol Oncol 2014; 4:17-21. [PMID: 24734159 PMCID: PMC3980017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequent blood transfusion is often associated with iron overload. Proper use of iron chelators to treat iron overload requires an accurate measurement of iron levels. Magnetic resonance T2-star (T2* MRI) can measure iron level in the heart and liver. Our goal was to see whether an association exists between serum ferritin level and T2* MRI in patients with major beta thalassemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty patients with a diagnosis of major beta thalassemia were enrolled in the study. They were older than five years old and needed regular transfusion. Cardiac and hepatic T2*MRI and mean serum ferritin levels were measured within 3 months. RESULTS No significant correlation was observed between serum ferritin level and cardiac T2*MRI (p=0.361, r=-0.120).However, a significant correlation was observed between serum ferritin and liver T2*MRI (p=0.021, r=-0.297). CONCLUSION Our results showed an association between hepatic T2*MRI and serum ferritin level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Eghbali
- Pediatric Hematologist & Oncologist, Department of Pediatrics, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak- Iran
| | - H Taherahmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak- Iran
| | - M Shahbazi
- Student of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak- Iran
| | - B Bagheri
- Pharmacologist, Department of pharmacology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan-Iran
| | - L Ebrahimi
- Blood transfusion research center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran-Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Remanan R, Panchal J, Shahbazi M, Sedarous M, Lange D. Quantitating Cortical Motor Neuron Dysfunction in PLS Using TST (P04.158). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p04.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
10
|
Kiani A, Shahbazi M, Asempour H. Hydrogel membranes based on gum tragacanth with tunable structure and properties. I. Preparation method using Taguchi experimental design. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
11
|
Shahbazi M, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Zareie M, Salek-Moghaddam A, Akhondi M, Bahmanpoor M, Sadeghi M, Zarnani A. Expression profiling of vitamin D receptor in placenta, decidua and ovary of pregnant mice. Placenta 2011; 32:657-664. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 06/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
12
|
Zamani M, Mehri M, Kollaee A, Yenki P, Ghaffarpor M, Harirchian MH, Shahbazi M. Pharmacogenetic Study on the Effect of Rivastigmine on PS2 and APOE Genes in Iranian Alzheimer Patients. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra 2011; 1:180-9. [PMID: 22163243 PMCID: PMC3199882 DOI: 10.1159/000329514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Alzheimer disease (AD) is a complex and genetically heterogeneous disorder, and certain genes such as PS2 and APOE4 contribute to the development of AD. Due to its heterogeneity, AD-predisposing genes could vary in different populations. Moreover, not all AD patients will respond to the same therapy. We specifically investigated the effect ofrivastigmine (Exelon) on PS2 and APOE genes in Iranian AD patients. Methods A total of 100 AD patients, 67 patients with sporadic AD (SAD) and 33 patients with familial AD (FAD), receiving rivastigmine therapy and 100 healthy controls were studied. PCR-RFLP was used for genotyping of PS2 and APOE. Results We found a positive association between the PS2 –A allele and SAD patients (pc = 0.01), and the PS2 +A/–A genotype was significantly more frequent in SAD than FAD patients (pc = 0.009). The APOE4 allele was associated with total AD, SAD and FAD (pc = 0.000002). Patients with the PS2 +A/–A genotype and bigenic genotypes of +A/–A·∊3/∊3 and +A/–A·∊3/∊4 were the best responders to Exelon therapy, and those with the PS2 +A/+A and APOE ∊3/∊4 genotypes were the worst responders. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the PS2 and APOE4 alleles and genotypes affect both AD risk and response to rivastigmine therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Zamani
- Department of Neurogenetics, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shahbazi M, Ebadi H, Fathi D, Roshandel D, Mohamadhosseni M, Tahmasebi A, Shahbazi S, Zamani M, Rashidbaghan A. HLA-DRB1*1501 intensifies the impact of IL-6 promoter polymorphism on the susceptibility to multiple sclerosis in an Iranian population. Mult Scler 2010; 16:1173-7. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458510376177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: The multifunctional cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is involved in inflammatory processes in the central nervous system. It is well documented that amount of IL-6 is increased in serum, cerebrospinal fluid and central nervous system lesions of patients with multiple sclerosis. A single nucleotide polymorphism at position -174 in the IL-6 gene promotor appears to influence IL-6 expression. Recently, several researchers have focused on HLA-DRB alleles, specifically HLA-DRB1*1501, as a potential risk allele in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Objective: To investigate the possible influence of IL-6/-174 polymorphisms on susceptibility to multiple sclerosis and its integration with HLA-DRB1*1501. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood of 345 patients with multiple sclerosis and 426 control subjects. Method: The SSP-PCR method was used to determine genotypes and Fisher’s exact test was applied to determine differences between groups. HLA-DRB1*1501 was observed more frequently among multiple sclerosis patients compared with healthy subjects (45% and 34%, respectively; OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.2—2.2, p = 0.0018). At the IL-6/-174 position, the G allele had higher frequency among multiple sclerosis patients compared with controls (77% and 70%, respectively; OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1—1.8, p = 0.0038). This difference was more significant among HLA-DRB1*1501-positive patients and controls (81% and 67%, respectively; OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.5—2.5, p < 0.0001). Results: Our results have shown that the G allele at the IL-6/-174 promoter polymorphism may be associated with development of multiple sclerosis in this population, and may be strengthened by HLA-DRB1*1501. Conclusions: We suggest more studies to confirm these results in other populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Shahbazi
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran,
| | - H. Ebadi
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Neurology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - D. Fathi
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Neurology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - D. Roshandel
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Genetics and Immunology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - M. Mohamadhosseni
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Genetics and Immunology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - A. Tahmasebi
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Genetics and Immunology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - S. Shahbazi
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Genetics and Immunology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - M. Zamani
- Neurogenetics Division, Neurological Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Rashidbaghan
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Genetics and Immunology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shahbazi M, Farnia M, Keramati M. The first needle and syringe exchange program in Iranian prisons. Int J Infect Dis 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.2086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
15
|
Tahmasebi Boroujeni S, Naghdi N, Shahbazi M, Farrokhi A, Bagherzadeh F, Kazemnejad A, Javadian M. The effect of severe zinc deficiency and zinc supplement on spatial learning and memory. Biol Trace Elem Res 2009; 130:48-61. [PMID: 19183867 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-008-8312-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 12/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Zinc deficiency during pregnancy and during lactation has been shown to impair cognitive function and motor activity in offspring rats. In the present study, the effect of zinc deficiency and zinc supplement on spatial learning and memory in Morris Water Maze (MWM) and motor activity in open field were investigated. Pregnant rats after mating were divided to three groups. Control group fed a standard diet and a zinc deficient (ZnD) group fed a diet deficient in zinc (0.5-1.5 ppm) and a zinc supplement (ZnS) group fed a standard diet and enhanced zinc in the drinking water (10 ppm). All the diets were exposed during the last trisemester of pregnancy and during lactation. Rat's offspring in these groups were tested for spatial learning and memory in MWM at post natal day (PND) 56 and were tested for motor activity in open field at PND 66.The Escape Latency (EL) and Traveled Distance (TD) in the ZnD group were increased but Percentage of Time Spent in the target quadrant (PTS) was decreased compared to the control group. In addition, these were no significant differences in EL and TD, but PTS had significant increase in ZnS compared to the control group. In the open field, Total Distance Moved (TDM) and Time of Motor Activity (TMA) for the ZnD were decreased compared to the control group, but there were no significant differences in TDM and TMA between control and ZnS groups. These findings suggest that zinc deficiency during the last trimester of pregnancy and during lactation impaired spatial learning and memory in their offsprings and has also negative effect on motor activity. In addition, ZnS has a significant effect on spatial learning and memory but no effect on motor activity in their offsprings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Tahmasebi Boroujeni
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shahbazi M, Naghdi N, Tahmasebi S, Sheikh M, Namvar Asl N, Kazemnejad A. The effect of iron and zinc dietary restriction of pregnant rats on physical growth of litters. Biol Trace Elem Res 2009; 128:232-8. [PMID: 19018478 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-008-8271-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2008] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that micronutrient deficiencies may be associated with problems in early growth. Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) deficiency (D) are prevalent during gestation in low-income countries. For pregnant dams, adequate amount of these micronutrients are needed in the diet to ensure the capacity for increased physical growth. In this study, the role of Fe and Zn dietary restriction of pregnant rats on physical growth of litters was investigated. Pregnant rats after to mating were divided to three groups. Control group fed a standard diet and a FeD group fed a diet deficient in Fe and a ZnD group fed a diet deficient in Zn. All the diets were exposed during the last third of pregnancy. The results showed serum Fe and Zn concentration after to exert dietary compared to before to exert dietary in FeD and ZnD groups was significant. There was a significant difference in the physical growth indexes (body weight, body length, tail length, and head length) between FeD and ZnD groups compared to the Control group, but a significant difference in head width and brain weight between FeD and ZnD groups compared to the Control group was not seen. The results of this study suggest that adequate Fe and Zn affect the physical growth of litters.
Collapse
|
17
|
Salehi M, Kimiagar SM, Shahbazi M, Mehrabi Y, Kolahi AA. Assessing the impact of nutrition education on growth indices of Iranian nomadic children: an application of a modified beliefs, attitudes, subjective-norms and enabling-factors model. Br J Nutr 2004; 91:779-87. [PMID: 15137930 DOI: 10.1079/bjn20041099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In order to teach suitable feeding and hygiene practices to a group of randomly selected Qashqa'i tribe families with 406 children aged 0-59 months, a culturally appropriate community-based education intervention approach was used. To assess the impact of the intervention on the study group, another group of families with 405 children were randomly selected to serve as the controls. At the beginning of the intervention programme both groups of children had access to a similar diet, consisting of cereals, beans, oil, sugar, milk and yoghurt. Baseline data, age, gender, weight, height and mean arm circumference (MAC), were obtained before the intervention. Using Hubley's behavioural change model, the components of which deal with beliefs, attitudes, subjective norms and enabling factors, the research team studied the behaviour of the family members and tried to change their nutritional behaviour. This was achieved by designing a suitable education programme to be carried out for 12 months. During the programme, families were instructed to follow different methods of food preparation and cooking practices. The final data were collected 3 months after the end of the intervention programme. The results indicated that the children in the study group gained: 1.16 (sd 1.2) kg body weight, 0.033 (sd 0.05) m in height, 0.0067 (sd 0.015) m in MAC, 0.8 (sd 1) in weight-for-age Z-score, 0.97 (sd 1.7) in height-for-age Z-score and 0.28 (sd 1.8) in weight-for-height Z-score by the end of the study. The corresponding values for the control group were 0.42 (sd 1.0), 0.0167 (sd 0.047), 0.0017 (sd 0.012), 0.35 (sd 1.1), 0.56 (sd 1.5) and 0.014 (sd 1.6) respectively and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). These findings suggest that educational interventions involving parents and/or other family members who might play a role in the care behaviour and care resources are important in feeding the children energy- and protein-enriched, hygienic, simple and cheap foods. Such practices could improve child growth even under conditions of poverty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Salehi
- College of Nutrition Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, West Arghavani Street, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
In this study the level of rhodanese (thiosulfate:cyanide sulfurtransferase) activity in different regions of the digestive tract of chicken was determined and compared with that in the liver, heart, kidney, and lung. All tissues studied contained rhodanese. The highest specific activity of rhodanese was in the submucosal layer of proventriculus, followed by liver, heart, the mucosal layer of cecum, rectum, and kidney. The lowest level was present in lung. These results suggest that in the chicken part of the ingested cyanide is detoxified in the digestive tract, mainly by the proventriculus, and part of the absorbed cyanide is metabolized by hepatic rhodanese.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Aminlari
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|