Male involvement in family planning and its association with knowledge and spouse discussion in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of male involvement in family planning (FP) and its association with knowledge and spouse discussion in Ethiopia.

DESIGN

Systematic review and meta-analysis using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines.

DATA SOURCES

The study was conducted by the articles searched from different databases: (PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, HINARI and Google Scholar).

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES

This research encompassed investigations carried out within married couples in Ethiopia, specifically focusing on studies where male involvement in FP was the primary outcome. The inclusion criteria comprised studies with an observational study design, encompassing both published and unpublished works, conducted in the English language, with no restrictions on data collection and publication year.

DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS

Following a systematic search of the articles, two independent authors assessed the quality of the studies, and data extraction was conducted using Microsoft Excel. The data analysis was performed by using STATA V.17. The overall level of male involvement in FP in Ethiopia was calculated using DerSimonian and Liard's random-effect model, with a significance level set at a p<0.05. Heterogeneity was examined using the I2 test, and Egger's test was employed to assess publication bias.

RESULTS

The pooled prevalence of male involvement in FP in Ethiopia was 59.71% (95% CI (47.68% to 71.73%)). Good knowledge regarding FP (AOR 6.63, 95% CI (2.58 to 17.03)) and spouse discussion on FP (AOR 4.36, 95% CI (2.50 to 7.59)) were significantly associated with male involvement in FP.

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence of male involvement in FP in Ethiopia was low as compared with other literature conducted outside Ethiopia. Both good knowledge and spouse discussion regarding FP were significantly associated with male involvement in FP. So, the government and healthcare providers should focus on interventions that could increase their knowledge through different media. In addition, encouraging couples to have a discussion regarding FP could be a recalled intervention for healthcare providers.

DETERMINANTS OF PRETERM BIRTH AMONG MOTHERS WHO GAVE BIRTH AT A REFERRAL HOSPITAL, NORTHWEST ETHIOPIA: UNMATCHED CASE- CONTROL STUDY

Preterm birth is described as babies that are born alive before the end of 37 weeks of pregnancy. About 15 million babies are born preterm annually and more than a million died due to complications. In developing nations, like Ethiopia, PTB is underreported and underestimated. Objective - to identify determinates of preterm birth among mothers who gave birth at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Unmatched case-control study design was conducted. The total sample size was 558 mothers 140 cases and 418 controls. Simple random sampling was used to select the study population. Data were coded and entered into Epidata, version 3.2, and was analyzed by using STATA version 14. Mothers with a history of antepartum hemorrhage (AOR 3.53, 95% CI 1.31-9.47), premature rupture of membrane (AOR 8.9, 95% CI 4.51-17.57), pregnancy-induced hypertension (AOR 3.65, 95% CI 1.78-7.51), history of multiple pregnancies (AOR 2.49, 95% CI 0.89-6.95), primigravida (AOR 0.16, 95% CI 0.03-0.97) and Primiparity(AOR 0.054, 95% CI 0.05-0.64) had statistically significant association with experiencing preterm birth. The odds of giving preterm birth were higher among women with antepartum hemorrhage, PIH, PROM, and multiple pregnancies, but lower among primigravida and primiparous mothers.

Micronutrient intake inadequacy and its associated factors among lactating women in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

Background

Inadequate intake of micronutrients in lactating women was prevalent worldwide. In particular, to our knowledge, there has been little report concerning Ethiopian lactating women regarding their micronutrient intake. Our objective was to assess micronutrient intake inadequacy and its associated factors among lactating women in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021.

Methods

Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 15 to March 05, 2021. Four hundred thirteen respondents were selected through systematic random sampling. Data were collected by interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire and a single multiphasic 24 hours dietary recall was used to assess dietary assessment. Data entry and analysis were carried out using EpiData and SPSS respectively. The ESHA food processor, Ethiopian food composition table, and world food composition table have used the calculation of nutrient values of the selected micronutrient. The nutrient intakes were assessed by Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR) and Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR). Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was done to identify the factors of overall micronutrient intake inadequacy.

Result

The overall prevalence of micronutrient intake inadequacy across 12 nutrients was 39.9% [95% CI (34.9, 45.0)]. The inadequate intake of vitamin A was 98.2%. Similarly, the inadequate intake of B vitamins ranges from 13.4% to 68.5%. The insufficient intakes of calcium, iron, and zinc were 70.9%, 0%, and 4.7%, respectively. Around 36 and 91.6% of the respondents had inadequate intake of selenium and sodium, respectively. On multivariable logistic regression analysis; Being divorced was 2.7 times more likely to have overall micronutrient intake inadequacy than being married [AOR = 2.71, 95% CI (1.01, 7.33)]. The odds of overall micronutrient intake inadequacy were 2.6 higher in merchants than in housewives [AOR = 2.63, 95% CI (1.40, 4.93)]. Lactating women who had poor nutritional knowledge were 2.7 times more likely to have overall micronutrient intake inadequacy than those who had good nutritional knowledge [AOR = 2.71, 95% CI (1.47, 4.99)].

Conclusion and recommendation

Overall, the micronutrient intake in lactating women was lower than the recommended levels. Therefore; educating lactating women about appropriate dietary intake is essential.