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Ferreira FHDC, Pinto LR, Oliveira BA, Daniel LV, Navarro M, Delgado GYS. Analysis of the interaction of antimalarial agents with Plasmodium falciparum glutathione reductase through molecular mechanical calculations. J Mol Model 2024; 30:181. [PMID: 38780838 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-05968-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Malaria remains a significant global health challenge with emerging resistance to current treatments. Plasmodium falciparum glutathione reductase (PfGR) plays a critical role in the defense mechanisms of malaria parasites against oxidative stress. In this study, we investigate the potential of targeting PfGR with conventional antimalarials and dual drugs combining aminoquinoline derivatives with GR inhibitors, which reveal promising interactions between PfGR and studied drugs. The naphthoquinone Atovaquone demonstrated particularly high affinity and potential dual-mode binding with the enzyme active site and cavity. Furthermore, dual drugs exhibit enhanced binding affinity, suggesting their efficacy in inhibiting PfGR, where the aliphatic ester bond (linker) is essential for effective binding with the enzyme's active site. Overall, this research provides important insights into the interactions between antimalarial agents and PfGR and encourages further exploration of its role in the mechanisms of action of antimalarials, including dual drugs, to enhance antiparasitic efficacy. METHODS The drugs were tested as PfGR potential inhibitors via molecular docking on AutoDock 4, which was performed based on the preoptimized structures in HF/3-21G-PCM level of theory on ORCA 5. Drug-receptor systems with the most promising binding affinities were then studied with a molecular dynamic's simulation on AMBER 16. The molecular dynamics simulations were performed with a 100 ns NPT ensemble employing GAFF2 forcefield in the temperature of 310 K, integration time step of 2 fs, and non-bond cutoff distance of 6.0 Å.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico Henrique do C Ferreira
- NEQC: Núcleo de Estudos em Química Computacional, Departament of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36.036-900, Brazil
| | - L R Pinto
- NEQC: Núcleo de Estudos em Química Computacional, Departament of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36.036-900, Brazil
| | - B A Oliveira
- SINTBIOMOL: Tecnologia em Fármacos: Síntese de Biomoléculas, Avaliação Biológica e Repercussões Ambientais, Departament of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36.036-900, Brazil
| | - L V Daniel
- LaQBIC: Laboratório de Química Bioinorgânica e Catálise, Departament of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36.036-900, Brazil
| | - M Navarro
- LaQBIC: Laboratório de Química Bioinorgânica e Catálise, Departament of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36.036-900, Brazil
| | - G Y Sánchez Delgado
- LaQBIC: Laboratório de Química Bioinorgânica e Catálise, Departament of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36.036-900, Brazil.
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Díez de Los Ríos J, Navarro M, Vilamala A, Rubio JM, Vilaró I, Besolí A, Serra-Pladevall J. Hospital-acquired malaria in Catalonia: an unexpected post-surgical complication. J Travel Med 2024; 31:taae028. [PMID: 38365435 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Díez de Los Ríos
- Internal Medicine Department, Multidisciplinary Inflammation Research Group, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Barcelona 08500, Spain
- Fundació Lluita contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVIC-UCC), Vic 08500, Spain
- Fundació Institut de Recerca i Innovació en Ciències de la Vida i de la Salut de la Catalunya Central, Vic 08500, Spain
| | - María Navarro
- Microbiology Department, Multidisciplinary Inflammation Research Group, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Barcelona 08500, Spain
| | - Anna Vilamala
- Microbiology Department, Multidisciplinary Inflammation Research Group, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Barcelona 08500, Spain
| | - José Miguel Rubio
- Malaria and Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, National Microbiology Center, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ingrid Vilaró
- Internal Medicine Department, Multidisciplinary Inflammation Research Group, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Barcelona 08500, Spain
| | - Anna Besolí
- Infection Control Nurse, Infection Surveillance and Prevention Unit, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Barcelona 08500, Spain
| | - Judit Serra-Pladevall
- Fundació Institut de Recerca i Innovació en Ciències de la Vida i de la Salut de la Catalunya Central, Vic 08500, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Multidisciplinary Inflammation Research Group, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Barcelona 08500, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVIC-UCC), Vic 08500, Spain
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García-Rivera C, Navarro M, Parra M, Sánchez Bautista A, Gómez I, Ventero MP, Rodríguez JC. [In vitro activity of delafloxacin against clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a stage prior to the clinical use of this drug]. Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37:104-105. [PMID: 38140799 PMCID: PMC10874670 DOI: 10.37201/req/080.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - M P Ventero
- María-Paz Ventero, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Av. Pintor Baeza 12, 03010. Alicante, Spain.
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García-Marín AM, Cancino-Muñoz I, Torres-Puente M, Villamayor LM, Borrás R, Borrás-Máñez M, Bosque M, Camarena JJ, Colomer-Roig E, Colomina J, Escribano I, Esparcia-Rodríguez O, Gil-Brusola A, Gimeno C, Gimeno-Gascón A, Gomila-Sard B, González-Granda D, Gonzalo-Jiménez N, Guna-Serrano MR, López-Hontangas JL, Martín-González C, Moreno-Muñoz R, Navarro D, Navarro M, Orta N, Pérez E, Prat J, Rodríguez JC, Ruiz-García MM, Vanaclocha H, González-Candelas F, Furió V, Comas I. Role of the first WHO mutation catalogue in the diagnosis of antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Valencia Region, Spain: a retrospective genomic analysis. Lancet Microbe 2024; 5:e43-e51. [PMID: 38061383 PMCID: PMC10790317 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(23)00252-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In June, 2021, WHO published the most complete catalogue to date of resistance-conferring mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here, we aimed to assess the performance of genome-based antimicrobial resistance prediction using the catalogue and its potential for improving diagnostics in a real low-burden setting. METHODS In this retrospective population-based genomic study M tuberculosis isolates were collected from 25 clinical laboratories in the low-burden setting of the Valencia Region, Spain. Culture-positive tuberculosis cases reported by regional public health authorities between Jan 1, 2014, and Dec 31, 2016, were included. The drug resistance profiles of these isolates were predicted by the genomic identification, via whole-genome sequencing (WGS), of the high-confidence resistance-causing variants included in the catalogue and compared with the phenotype. We determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the isolates with discordant resistance profiles using the resazurin microtitre assay. FINDINGS WGS was performed on 785 M tuberculosis complex culture-positive isolates, and the WGS resistance prediction sensitivities were: 85·4% (95% CI 70·8-94·4) for isoniazid, 73·3% (44·9-92·2) for rifampicin, 50·0% (21·1-78·9) for ethambutol, and 57·1% (34·0-78·2) for pyrazinamide; all specificities were more than 99·6%. Sensitivity values were lower than previously reported, but the overall pan-susceptibility accuracy was 96·4%. Genotypic analysis revealed that four phenotypically susceptible isolates carried mutations (rpoB Leu430Pro and rpoB Ile491Phe for rifampicin and fabG1 Leu203Leu for isoniazid) known to give borderline resistance in standard phenotypic tests. Additionally, we identified three putative resistance-associated mutations (inhA Ser94Ala, katG Leu48Pro, and katG Gly273Arg for isoniazid) in samples with substantially higher MICs than those of susceptible isolates. Combining both genomic and phenotypic data, in accordance with the WHO diagnostic guidelines, we could detect two new multidrug-resistant cases. Additionally, we detected 11 (1·6%) of 706 isolates to be monoresistant to fluoroquinolone, which had been previously undetected. INTERPRETATION We showed that the WHO catalogue enables the detection of resistant cases missed in phenotypic testing in a low-burden region, thus allowing for better patient-tailored treatment. We also identified mutations not included in the catalogue, relevant at the local level. Evidence from this study, together with future updates of the catalogue, will probably lead in the future to the partial replacement of culture testing with WGS-based drug susceptibility testing in our setting. FUNDING European Research Council and the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María García-Marín
- Tuberculosis Genomics Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Joint Research Unit Infección y Salud Pública, FISABIO-University of Valencia, Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, Valencia, Spain
| | - Irving Cancino-Muñoz
- Tuberculosis Genomics Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Joint Research Unit Infección y Salud Pública, FISABIO-University of Valencia, Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Rafael Borrás
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Borrás-Máñez
- Microbiology and Parasitology Service, Hospital Universitario de La Ribera, Alzira, Spain
| | | | - Juan J Camarena
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario Dr Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ester Colomer-Roig
- FISABIO Public Health, Valencia, Spain; Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario Dr Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Colomina
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Escribano
- Microbiology Laboratory, Hospital Virgen de los Lirios, Alcoy, Spain
| | | | - Ana Gil-Brusola
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Concepción Gimeno
- Microbiology Service, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Bárbara Gomila-Sard
- Microbiology Service, Hospital General Universitario de Castellón, Castellón, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Coral Martín-González
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario de San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Rosario Moreno-Muñoz
- Microbiology Service, Hospital General Universitario de Castellón, Castellón, Spain
| | - David Navarro
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Navarro
- Microbiology Service, Hospital de la Vega Baixa, Orihuela, Spain
| | - Nieves Orta
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Francesc de Borja, Gandía, Spain
| | - Elvira Pérez
- Subdirección General de Epidemiología y Vigilancia de la Salud y Sanidad Ambiental de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Josep Prat
- Microbiology Service, Hospital de Sagunto, Sagunto, Spain
| | | | | | - Hermelinda Vanaclocha
- Subdirección General de Epidemiología y Vigilancia de la Salud y Sanidad Ambiental de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando González-Candelas
- Joint Research Unit Infección y Salud Pública, FISABIO-University of Valencia, Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, Valencia, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Furió
- Tuberculosis Genomics Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Iñaki Comas
- Tuberculosis Genomics Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
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Díez de Los Ríos J, Hernández-Meneses M, Navarro M, Montserrat S, Perissinotti A, Miró JM. Staphylococcus caprae: an emerging pathogen related to infective endocarditis. Clin Microbiol Infect 2023; 29:1214-1216. [PMID: 37321397 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Díez de Los Ríos
- Internal Medicine Department, Multidisciplinary Inflammation Research Group, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marta Hernández-Meneses
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - María Navarro
- Microbiology Department, Multidisciplinary Inflammation Research Group, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Montserrat
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andres Perissinotti
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic Barcelona - CIBER BBN, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose M Miró
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Goszczynski DE, Navarro M, Mutto AA, Ross PJ. Review: Embryonic stem cells as tools for in vitro gamete production in livestock. Animal 2023; 17 Suppl 1:100828. [PMID: 37567652 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of in vitro gametogenesis is to reproduce the events of sperm and oocyte development in the laboratory. Significant advances have been made in the mouse in the last decade, but evolutionary divergence from the murine developmental program has prevented the replication of these advances in large mammals. In recent years, intensive work has been done in humans, non-human primates and livestock to elucidate species-specific differences that regulate germ cell development, due to the number of potential applications. One of the most promising applications is the use of in vitro gametes to optimize the spread of elite genetics in cattle. In this context, embryonic stem cells have been posed as excellent candidates for germ cell platforms. Here, we present the most relevant advances in in vitro gametogenesis of interest to livestock science, including new types of pluripotent stem cells with potential for germline derivation, characterization of the signaling environment in the gonadal niche, and experimental systems used to reproduce different stages of germ cell development in the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Goszczynski
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo Ugalde"- UNSAM-CONICET, Buenos Aires CP 1650, Argentina
| | - M Navarro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo Ugalde"- UNSAM-CONICET, Buenos Aires CP 1650, Argentina
| | - A A Mutto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo Ugalde"- UNSAM-CONICET, Buenos Aires CP 1650, Argentina
| | - P J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA; STgenetics, Navasota, TX, USA.
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Mitchell JD, Drymon JM, Vardon J, Coulson PG, Simpfendorfer CA, Scyphers SB, Kajiura SM, Hoel K, Williams S, Ryan KL, Barnett A, Heupel MR, Chin A, Navarro M, Langlois T, Ajemian MJ, Gilman E, Prasky E, Jackson G. Shark depredation: future directions in research and management. Rev Fish Biol Fish 2023; 33:475-499. [PMID: 36404946 PMCID: PMC9664043 DOI: 10.1007/s11160-022-09732-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Shark depredation is a complex social-ecological issue that affects a range of fisheries worldwide. Increasing concern about the impacts of shark depredation, and how it intersects with the broader context of fisheries management, has driven recent research in this area, especially in Australia and the United States. This review synthesises these recent advances and provides strategic guidance for researchers aiming to characterise the occurrence of depredation, identify the shark species responsible, and test deterrent and management approaches to reduce its impacts. Specifically, the review covers the application of social science approaches, as well as advances in video camera and genetic methods for identifying depredating species. The practicalities and considerations for testing magnetic, electrical, and acoustic deterrent devices are discussed in light of recent research. Key concepts for the management of shark depredation are reviewed, with recommendations made to guide future research and policy development. Specific management responses to address shark depredation are lacking, and this review emphasizes that a "silver bullet" approach for mitigating depredation does not yet exist. Rather, future efforts to manage shark depredation must rely on a diverse range of integrated approaches involving those in the fishery (fishers, scientists and fishery managers), social scientists, educators, and other stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. D. Mitchell
- Queensland Government, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Dutton Park, QLD 4102 Australia
| | - J. M. Drymon
- Mississippi State University, Coastal Research and Extension Center, 1815 Popps Ferry Road, Biloxi, MS 39532 USA
- Mississippi-Alabama Sea Grant Consortium, 703 East Beach Drive, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA
| | - J. Vardon
- Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW Australia
| | - P. G. Coulson
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories, 39 Northside Drive, Hillarys, WA 6025 Australia
| | - C. A. Simpfendorfer
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 20 Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, TAS 7004 Australia
| | - S. B. Scyphers
- Coastal Sustainability Institute, Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, Nahant, MA 01908 USA
- Social Science Environmental Health Research Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - S. M. Kajiura
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA
| | - K. Hoel
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Bldg 34 James Cook Drive, Douglas, QLD 4811 Australia
| | - S. Williams
- Queensland Government, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Dutton Park, QLD 4102 Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4072 Australia
| | - K. L. Ryan
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories, 39 Northside Drive, Hillarys, WA 6025 Australia
| | - A. Barnett
- Biopixel Oceans Foundation, Cairns, QLD Australia
- Marine Data Technology Hub, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811 Australia
| | - M. R. Heupel
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 20 Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, TAS 7004 Australia
| | - A. Chin
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Bldg 34 James Cook Drive, Douglas, QLD 4811 Australia
| | - M. Navarro
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA Australia
- The Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA Australia
| | - T. Langlois
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA Australia
- The Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA Australia
| | - M. J. Ajemian
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US 1 North, Fort Pierce, FL 34946 USA
| | - E. Gilman
- Pelagic Ecosystems Research Group, Honolulu, HI USA
- Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - E. Prasky
- Coastal Sustainability Institute, Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, Nahant, MA 01908 USA
- Social Science Environmental Health Research Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - G. Jackson
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories, 39 Northside Drive, Hillarys, WA 6025 Australia
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Laiz-Quiroga L, Navarro M, Martínez-León E, Buffone M, Mutto A, Osycka-Salut C. 146 Improvement in hyperactivation, capacitation, and heterologous zona pellucida binding of cryopreserved equine spermatozoa after brief exposure to ionophore A23187. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv35n2ab146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Cisternas J, Navarro M, Duarte S, Concha A. Equilibrium and symmetries of altitudinal magnetic rotors on a circle. Chaos 2022; 32:123120. [PMID: 36587347 DOI: 10.1063/5.0119916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Macroscopic magnets can easily be manipulated and positioned so that interactions between themselves and with external fields induce interesting dynamics and equilibrium configurations. In this work, we use rotating magnets positioned in a line or at the vertices of a regular polygon. The rotation planes of the magnets can be modified at will. The rich structure of stable and unstable configurations is dictated by symmetry and the side of the polygon. We show that both symmetric solutions and their symmetry-breaking bifurcations can be explained with group theory. Our results suggest that the predicted magnetic textures should emerge at any length scale as long as the interaction is polar, and the system is endowed with the same symmetries.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cisternas
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Alvaro del Portillo, 12455 Santiago, Chile
| | - M Navarro
- Condensed Matter i-Lab, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal las Torres 2640, Building D, Peñalolén, Santiago, Chile
| | - S Duarte
- Design Engineering Center, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal las Torres 2640, Building D, Peñalolén, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Concha
- Condensed Matter i-Lab, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal las Torres 2640, Building D, Peñalolén, Santiago, Chile
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Navarro M, Halstead MM, Rincon G, Mutto AA, Ross PJ. bESC from cloned embryos do not retain transcriptomic or epigenetic memory from somatic donor cells. Reproduction 2022; 164:243-257. [PMID: 35951478 DOI: 10.1530/rep-22-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In brief Epigenetic reprogramming after mammalian somatic cell nuclear transfer is often incomplete, resulting in low efficiency of cloning. However, gene expression and histone modification analysis indicated high similarities in transcriptome and epigenomes of bovine embryonic stem cells from in vitro fertilized and somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. Abstract Embryonic stem cells (ESC) indefinitely maintain the pluripotent state of the blastocyst epiblast. Stem cells are invaluable for studying development and lineage commitment, and in livestock, they constitute a useful tool for genomic improvement and in vitro breeding programs. Although these cells have been recently derived from bovine blastocysts, a detailed characterization of their molecular state is lacking. Here, we apply cutting-edge technologies to analyze the transcriptomic and epigenomic landscape of bovine ESC (bESC) obtained from in vitro fertilized (IVF) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. bESC were efficiently derived from SCNT and IVF embryos and expressed pluripotency markers while retaining genome stability. Transcriptome analysis revealed that only 46 genes were differentially expressed between IVF- and SCNT-derived bESC, which did not reflect significant deviation in cellular function. Interrogating histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation, histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation, and histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation with cleavage under targets and tagmentation, we found that the epigenomes of both bESC groups were virtually indistinguishable. Minor epigenetic differences were randomly distributed throughout the genome and were not associated with differentially expressed or developmentally important genes. Finally, the categorization of genomic regions according to their combined histone mark signal demonstrated that all bESC shared the same epigenomic signatures, especially at gene promoters. Overall, we conclude that bESC derived from SCNT and IVF embryos are transcriptomically and epigenetically analogous, allowing for the production of an unlimited source of pluripotent cells from high genetic merit organisms without resorting to transgene-based techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Navarro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas 'Dr Rodolfo Ugalde', UNSAM-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - M M Halstead
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | | | - A A Mutto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas 'Dr Rodolfo Ugalde', UNSAM-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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Cancino-Muñoz I, López MG, Torres-Puente M, Villamayor LM, Borrás R, Borrás-Máñez M, Bosque M, Camarena JJ, Colijn C, Colomer-Roig E, Colomina J, Escribano I, Esparcia-Rodríguez O, García-García F, Gil-Brusola A, Gimeno C, Gimeno-Gascón A, Gomila-Sard B, Gónzales-Granda D, Gonzalo-Jiménez N, Guna-Serrano MR, López-Hontangas JL, Martín-González C, Moreno-Muñoz R, Navarro D, Navarro M, Orta N, Pérez E, Prat J, Rodríguez JC, Ruiz-García MM, Vanaclocha H, Comas I. Population-based sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveals how current population dynamics are shaped by past epidemics. eLife 2022; 11:76605. [PMID: 35880398 PMCID: PMC9323001 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmission is a driver of tuberculosis (TB) epidemics in high-burden regions, with assumed negligible impact in low-burden areas. However, we still lack a full characterization of transmission dynamics in settings with similar and different burdens. Genomic epidemiology can greatly help to quantify transmission, but the lack of whole genome sequencing population-based studies has hampered its application. Here, we generate a population-based dataset from Valencia region and compare it with available datasets from different TB-burden settings to reveal transmission dynamics heterogeneity and its public health implications. We sequenced the whole genome of 785 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains and linked genomes to patient epidemiological data. We use a pairwise distance clustering approach and phylodynamic methods to characterize transmission events over the last 150 years, in different TB-burden regions. Our results underscore significant differences in transmission between low-burden TB settings, i.e., clustering in Valencia region is higher (47.4%) than in Oxfordshire (27%), and similar to a high-burden area as Malawi (49.8%). By modeling times of the transmission links, we observed that settings with high transmission rate are associated with decades of uninterrupted transmission, irrespective of burden. Together, our results reveal that burden and transmission are not necessarily linked due to the role of past epidemics in the ongoing TB incidence, and highlight the need for in-depth characterization of transmission dynamics and specifically tailored TB control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irving Cancino-Muñoz
- Tuberculosis Genomics Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Mariana G López
- Tuberculosis Genomics Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuela Torres-Puente
- Tuberculosis Genomics Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis M Villamayor
- Unidad Mixta "Infección y Salud Pública" (FISABIO-CSISP), Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Borrás
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Borrás-Máñez
- Microbiology and Parasitology Service, Hospital Universitario de La Ribera, Alzira, Spain
| | | | - Juan J Camarena
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario Dr Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Caroline Colijn
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Ester Colomer-Roig
- Unidad Mixta "Infección y Salud Pública" (FISABIO-CSISP), Valencia, Spain.,Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario Dr Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Colomina
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Escribano
- Microbiology Laboratory, Hospital Virgen de los Lirios, Alcoy, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Gil-Brusola
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Concepción Gimeno
- Microbiology Service, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Bárbara Gomila-Sard
- Microbiology Service, Hospital General Universitario de Castellón, Castellón, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Coral Martín-González
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario de San Juan de Alicante, Alicantes, Spain
| | - Rosario Moreno-Muñoz
- Microbiology Service, Hospital General Universitario de Castellón, Castellón, Spain
| | - David Navarro
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Navarro
- Microbiology Service, Hospital de la Vega Baixa, Orihuela, Spain
| | - Nieves Orta
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario de San Juan de Alicante, Alicantes, Spain
| | - Elvira Pérez
- Subdirección General de Epidemiología y Vigilancia de la Salud y Sanidad Ambiental de Valencia (DGSP), Valencia, Spain
| | - Josep Prat
- Microbiology Service, Hospital de Sagunto, Sagunto, Spain
| | | | | | - Hermelinda Vanaclocha
- Subdirección General de Epidemiología y Vigilancia de la Salud y Sanidad Ambiental de Valencia (DGSP), Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Iñaki Comas
- Tuberculosis Genomics Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC), Valencia, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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12
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Dutra F, Navarro M, Romero A, Briano C, Pereira M, Uzal FA. Spatial and seasonal analysis and geovisualization of Fasciola hepatica-free bovine bacillary hemoglobinuria outbreaks in eastern Uruguay, 1999-2019. Prev Vet Med 2021; 199:105553. [PMID: 34920245 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bovine bacillary hemoglobinuria (BBH) produced by Clostridium novyi type D, is an endemic, highly fatal disease of cattle in the temperate grassland region of eastern Uruguay. A previous study showed that in this region, BBH is not associated with Fasciola hepatica or any other known focal-ischemic liver injury, so the reasons for its high incidence remains undetermined. The objective of this study was to analyze data from 45 Fasciola hepatica-free BBH outbreaks (1999-2019) in order to find common animal, seasonal and/or geographical risk factors, which may explain the occurrence of the epizootics. Fisher's goodness-of-fit testing showed a significantly higher case proportion of adult cows (N = 368, 80.5%) and lower of calves (N =8, 1.8%), as compared to the expected proportions of the censused population in the study area and historical submissions computed from the laboratory database (Chi-Sq = 346.2 and 174.8, df = 7, P < 0.00). Time series decomposition showed a bi-seasonal pattern, with a larger peak in spring and early summer (October to January) and a smaller increase in autumn (March-May). The lowest seasonal indices were on mid-summer (February) and winter (June-September). A combination of spatial statistics was used to assess the different spatial features of the disease and consistency of the findings. Global spatial autocorrelation showed BBH was significantly clustered (Moran's I = 0.407, P < 0.001). Both smoothed Anselin's Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation and Kulldorff's spatial scan Poisson and Bernoulli models, detected roughly the same high-risk areas in the southeastern part of the Merin Lagoon basin, with the most likely cluster centered in the large wetland biosphere reserve "Eastern Wetlands and Coastal Strip" (RR = 9.12, P < 0.001). Outbreaks were georeferenced (latitude, longitude) and thematic dot-mapping geovisualization in Google Earth™ showed that the results were robust and truly geographic in nature. Most outbreaks (40/45, 88.8%) occurred on wetlands areas and large river valleys, characterized by poorly drained and frequently flooded soils, indicating that moisture-laden soils are the natural habitat of C. novyi type D. Grasslands in these endemic areas support rapid fattening of cattle during spring-summer, and somewhat less in autumn, in almost exact correspondence with BBH peaks, suggesting a close causal association in high-risk areas. Risk is significantly higher in adult cows probably because the spore content in the liver is highest in this category. The altered lipid metabolism and lipotoxicity in the liver may be the precipitating factor for spore germination and epizootic occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Dutra
- Dirección de Laboratorios Veterinarios (DILAVE), Miguel C. Rubino, Laboratorio Regional Este, Avelino Miranda 2045, CP 33000, Treinta y Tres, Uruguay.
| | - M Navarro
- California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, University of California-Davis, San Bernardino, CA, USA
| | - A Romero
- Dirección de Laboratorios Veterinarios (DILAVE), Miguel C. Rubino, Laboratorio Regional Este, Avelino Miranda 2045, CP 33000, Treinta y Tres, Uruguay
| | - C Briano
- Dirección de Laboratorios Veterinarios (DILAVE), Miguel C. Rubino, Laboratorio Regional Este, Avelino Miranda 2045, CP 33000, Treinta y Tres, Uruguay
| | - M Pereira
- Dirección de Laboratorios Veterinarios (DILAVE), Miguel C. Rubino, Laboratorio Regional Este, Avelino Miranda 2045, CP 33000, Treinta y Tres, Uruguay
| | - F A Uzal
- California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, University of California-Davis, San Bernardino, CA, USA
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13
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Navero-Castillejos J, Benitez R, Torner N, Muñoz J, Camprubí-Ferrer D, Peiró-Mestres A, Sulleiro E, Silgado A, Gonzalo V, Falgueras T, Alejo-Cancho I, Roldán M, Plasencia V, Albarracin R, Perez J, Navarro A, Calderón A, Rubio R, Navarro M, Micó M, Llaberia J, Navarro M, Barrachina J, Vilamala A, Martí C, Pulido MÁ, Sanchez-Seco MP, Vazquez A, Martínez A, Jané M, Martínez MJ. Molecular Characterization of Imported and Autochthonous Dengue in Northeastern Spain. Viruses 2021; 13:1910. [PMID: 34696340 PMCID: PMC8539074 DOI: 10.3390/v13101910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is the most significant arbovirus worldwide and a public health threat to non-endemic areas in which Aedes vectors are present. Autochthonous dengue transmission has been reported in several European countries in the last decade. Infected travelers from endemic regions arriving to areas colonized by Aedes albopictus in Europe need to be monitored in surveillance and control programs. We aimed to perform molecular characterization of RT-PCR-positive dengue cases detected in Catalonia, northeastern Spain, from 2013 to 2018. The basic demographic information and the geographical regions of importation were also analyzed. One-hundred four dengue cases were studied (103 imported infections and the first autochthonous case in our region). The dengue virus strains detected were serotyped and genotyped using molecular methods, and phylogenetic analyses were conducted. All four dengue serotypes were detected in travelers, including up to 10 different genotypes, reflecting the global circulation of dengue in endemic areas. The primary travel-related case of the 2018 autochthonous transmission was not identified, but the molecular analysis revealed dengue serotype 1, genotype I of Asian origin. Our results highlight the diversity of imported dengue virus strains and the role of molecular epidemiology in supporting arbovirus surveillance programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Navero-Castillejos
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.N.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (V.G.); (I.A.-C.); (R.A.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.M.); (D.C.-F.); (M.R.)
| | - Rosa Benitez
- North Metropolitan International Health Unit PROSICS, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain;
| | - Nuria Torner
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - José Muñoz
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.M.); (D.C.-F.); (M.R.)
| | - Daniel Camprubí-Ferrer
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.M.); (D.C.-F.); (M.R.)
| | - Aida Peiró-Mestres
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.N.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (V.G.); (I.A.-C.); (R.A.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Elena Sulleiro
- Department of Microbiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (E.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Aroa Silgado
- Department of Microbiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (E.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Verónica Gonzalo
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.N.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (V.G.); (I.A.-C.); (R.A.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Teresa Falgueras
- Hospital Municipal de Badalona, Badalona Serveis Assistencials, 08911 Badalona, Spain; (T.F.); (A.C.)
| | - Izaskun Alejo-Cancho
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.N.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (V.G.); (I.A.-C.); (R.A.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Montserrat Roldán
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.M.); (D.C.-F.); (M.R.)
| | - Virginia Plasencia
- Microbiology Laboratory, Catlab, 08232 Viladecavalls, Spain; (V.P.); (J.P.); (R.R.)
| | - Rosa Albarracin
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.N.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (V.G.); (I.A.-C.); (R.A.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Josefa Perez
- Microbiology Laboratory, Catlab, 08232 Viladecavalls, Spain; (V.P.); (J.P.); (R.R.)
| | - Alexander Navarro
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.N.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (V.G.); (I.A.-C.); (R.A.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Ana Calderón
- Hospital Municipal de Badalona, Badalona Serveis Assistencials, 08911 Badalona, Spain; (T.F.); (A.C.)
| | - Rosa Rubio
- Microbiology Laboratory, Catlab, 08232 Viladecavalls, Spain; (V.P.); (J.P.); (R.R.)
| | - Mireia Navarro
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.N.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (V.G.); (I.A.-C.); (R.A.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.M.); (D.C.-F.); (M.R.)
| | - Miguel Micó
- Microbiology Department, Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, 08243 Manresa, Spain;
| | - Jaume Llaberia
- Hospital de Barcelona, Societat Cooperativa d’Instal·lacions Assistencials Sanitàries (SCIAS), 08034 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - María Navarro
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Vic, 08500 Barcelona, Spain; (M.N.); (A.V.)
| | - Josep Barrachina
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.N.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (V.G.); (I.A.-C.); (R.A.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Anna Vilamala
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Vic, 08500 Barcelona, Spain; (M.N.); (A.V.)
| | - Carmina Martí
- Hospital General de Granollers, 08402 Granollers, Spain; (C.M.); (M.Á.P.)
| | | | - María Paz Sanchez-Seco
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Madrid, Spain; (M.P.S.-S.); (A.V.)
| | - Ana Vazquez
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Madrid, Spain; (M.P.S.-S.); (A.V.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martínez
- Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Generalitat of Catalonia, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; (A.M.); (M.J.)
| | - Mireia Jané
- Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Generalitat of Catalonia, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; (A.M.); (M.J.)
| | - Miguel Julián Martínez
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.N.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (V.G.); (I.A.-C.); (R.A.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (J.B.)
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.M.); (D.C.-F.); (M.R.)
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14
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Meier MJ, Nguyen KC, Crosthwait J, Kawata A, Rigden M, Leingartner K, Wong A, Holloway A, Shwed PS, Beaudette L, Navarro M, Wade M, Tayabali AF. Low dose antibiotic ingestion potentiates systemic and microbiome changes induced by silver nanoparticles. NanoImpact 2021; 23:100343. [PMID: 35559844 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the mammalian gut microbiome are linked to the impairment of immunological function and numerous other pathologies. Antimicrobial silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are incorporated into numerous consumer products (e.g., clothing, cosmetics, food packaging), which may directly impact the gut microbiome through ingestion. The human health impact of chronic AgNP ingestion is still uncertain, but evidence from exposure to other antimicrobials provides a strong rationale to assess AgNP effects on organ function, immunity, metabolism, and gut-associated microbiota. To investigate this, mice were gavaged daily for 5 weeks with saline, AgNPs, antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and metronidazole), or AgNPs combined with antibiotics. Animals were weighed daily, assessed for glucose tolerance, organ function, tissue and blood cytokine and leukocyte levels. At the end of the study, we used 16S rDNA amplicon and whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing to assess changes in the gut microbiome. In mice exposed to both AgNPs and antibiotics, silver was found in the stomach, and small and large intestines, but negligible amounts were present in other organs examined. Mice exposed to AgNPs alone showed minimal tissue silver levels. Antibiotics, but not AgNPs, altered glucose metabolism. Mice given AgNPs and antibiotics together demonstrated slower weight gain, reduced peripheral lymphocytes, and elevated splenic, but not circulatory markers of inflammation. 16S rDNA profiling of cecum and feces and metagenomic sequencing of fecal DNA demonstrated that combined AgNP-antibiotic treatment also significantly altered the structure and function of the gut microbiota, including depletion of the indicator species Akkermansia muciniphila. This study provides evidence for possible biological effects from repeated ingestion of AgNP-containing consumer products when antibiotics are also being used and raises concern that an impaired gut microbiome (e.g., through antibiotic use) can potentiate the harm from chemical exposures such as AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Meier
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - K C Nguyen
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada; New Substances Assessment and Control Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - J Crosthwait
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - A Kawata
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M Rigden
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - K Leingartner
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - A Wong
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - A Holloway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - P S Shwed
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Lee Beaudette
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M Navarro
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M Wade
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - A F Tayabali
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada.
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15
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Van den Eynde E, Gasch O, Oliva JC, Prieto E, Calzado S, Gomila A, Machado ML, Falgueras L, Ortonobes S, Morón A, Capilla S, Navarro G, Oristrell J, Cervantes M, Navarro M. Corticosteroids and tocilizumab reduce in-hospital mortality in severe COVID-19 pneumonia: a retrospective study in a Spanish hospital. Infect Dis (Lond) 2021; 53:291-302. [PMID: 33620019 PMCID: PMC7919103 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2021.1884286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is an urgent need to reduce mortality of COVID-19. We examined if corticosteroids and tocilizumab reduce risk for death in patients with severe pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed in a single university hospital. All adult patients admitted with confirmed severe COVID-19 pneumonia from 9 March to 9 April 2020 were included. Severe pneumonia was defined as multi-lobar or bilateral pneumonia and a ratio of oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry to the fraction of inspired oxygen (SpFi)<315. All patients received antiviral and antibiotic treatment. From March 26, patients also received immunomodulatory treatment with corticosteroids (methylprednisolone 250 mg/day for 3 days), or tocilizumab or both. In-hospital mortality in the entire cohort and in a 1:1 matched cohort sub-analysis was evaluated. Results 255 patients were included, 118 received only antiviral and antibiotic treatment while 137, admitted after March 26, also received immunomodulators. In-hospital mortality of patients on immunomodulatory treatment was significantly lower than in those without [47/137(34.3%) vs. 69/118(58.5%), (p < .001)]. The risk of death was 0.44 (CI, 0.26–0.76) in patients receiving corticosteroids alone and 0.292 (CI, 0.18–0.47) in those treated with corticosteroids and tocilizumab. In the sub-analysis with 202 matched patients, the risk of death was 0.356 (CI 0.179–0.707) in patients receiving corticosteroids alone and 0.233 (0.124–0.436) in those treated with the combination. Conclusions Combined treatment with corticosteroids and tocilizumab reduced mortality with about 25% in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Corticosteroids alone also resulted in lower in-hospital mortality rate compared to patients receiving only antiviral and antibiotic treatment. Corticosteroids alone or combined with tocilizumab may be considered in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Van den Eynde
- Infectious Diseases Department, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació I Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain
| | - O Gasch
- Infectious Diseases Department, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació I Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J C Oliva
- Statistical Department, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - E Prieto
- Intensive Care Department, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - S Calzado
- Infectious Diseases Department, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació I Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain
| | - A Gomila
- Infectious Diseases Department, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació I Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain
| | - M L Machado
- Infectious Diseases Department, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació I Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain
| | - L Falgueras
- Infectious Diseases Department, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació I Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Ortonobes
- Institut d'Investigació I Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain.,Pharmacy Department, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - A Morón
- Institut d'Investigació I Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain.,Pharmacy Department, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - S Capilla
- Institut d'Investigació I Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Microbiology Department. Clinical laboratory, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - G Navarro
- Institut d'Investigació I Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Epidemiology Department, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - J Oristrell
- Institut d'Investigació I Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Internal Medicine Department, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - M Cervantes
- Infectious Diseases Department, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació I Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Navarro
- Infectious Diseases Department, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació I Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Pazin WM, Almeida AKA, Manzoni V, Dias JMM, de Abreu ACF, Navarro M, Ito AS, Ribeiro AS, de Oliveira IN. Thermal and solvatochromic effects on the emission properties of a thienyl-based dansyl derivative. RSC Adv 2020; 10:28484-28491. [PMID: 35520094 PMCID: PMC9055963 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05949h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental conditions have a profound effect on the photophysical behavior of highly conjugated compounds, which can be exploited in a large variety of applications. In this context, we use a combination of experimental and computational methods to investigate thermal and solvatochromic effects on the fluorescence properties of a dansyl derivative bearing a thienyl substituent, namely 2-(3-thienyl)ethyl dansylglycinate (TEDG). In particular, we analyze how the solvent polarity and temperature affect the ground and excited state energies of TEDG by using time-resolved and steady-state fluorescence techniques. We determine the changes in dipole moment of the TEDG molecule upon photoexcitation, as well as the solvent polarity effects on the excited state lifetime. Besides, we provide theoretical modeling of the HOMO–LUMO orbitals and the vertical absorption and emission energies using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) as well as the polarizable continuum model (PCM) to include the solvent contribution to the absorption and emission energies. Our results show that the emission mechanism of TEDG involves locally excited states derived from hybrid molecular orbitals, accompanied by a moderate variation of the molecular dipole moment upon light excitation. Our findings demonstrate that TEDG exhibits desirable fluorescence properties that make it a promising candidate for use as a photoactive material in electrochromic, optical thermometry, and thermography applications. We use a combination of experimental and computational methods to investigate thermal and solvatochromic effects on the fluorescence properties of a dansyl derivative bearing a thienyl substituent, 2-(3-thienyl)ethyl dansylglycinate (TEDG).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Pazin
- Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-901 Brazil.,Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista Presidente Prudente, SP 19060-900 Brazil
| | - A K A Almeida
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas Maceió AL 57072-970 Brazil
| | - V Manzoni
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas Maceió AL 57072-970 Brazil
| | - J M M Dias
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, CCEN, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife PE 50670-901 Brazil
| | - A C F de Abreu
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas Maceió AL 57072-970 Brazil .,Instituto Federal do Piauí, Campus Angical Angical PI 64410-000 Brazil
| | - M Navarro
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, CCEN, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife PE 50670-901 Brazil
| | - A S Ito
- Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-901 Brazil
| | - A S Ribeiro
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas Maceió AL 57072-970 Brazil
| | - I N de Oliveira
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas Maceió AL 57072-970 Brazil
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Pagès G, Giménez-Llort L, García-Lareu B, Ariza L, Navarro M, Casas C, Chillón M, Bosch A. Intrathecal AAVrh10 corrects biochemical and histological hallmarks of mucopolysaccharidosis VII mice and improves behavior and survival. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:3610-3624. [PMID: 31511867 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type VII is a lysosomal storage disease caused by ß-glucuronidase deficiency, prompting glycosaminoglycan accumulation in enlarged vesicles, leading to peripheral and neuronal dysfunction. Here, we present a gene therapy strategy using lumbar puncture of AAVrh10 encoding human β-glucuronidase (AAVrh10-GUSB) to adult MPS VII mice. This minimally invasive technique efficiently delivers the recombinant vector to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with a single intrathecal injection. We show that AAVrh10 delivery to the CSF allows global, stable transduction of CNS structures. In addition, drainage of AAVrh10-GUSB from the CSF to the bloodstream resulted in the transduction of somatic organs such as liver, which provided a systemic β-glucuronidase source sufficient to achieve serum enzyme activity comparable to wild type mice. ß-glucuronidase levels were enough to correct biochemical and histopathological hallmarks of the disease in the CNS and somatic organs at short and long term. Moreover, the progression of the bone pathology was also reduced. Importantly, the biochemical correction led to a significant improvement in the physical, cognitive and emotional characteristics of MPS VII mice, and doubling their life span. Our strategy may have implications for gene therapy in patients with lysosomal storage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pagès
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - L Giménez-Llort
- Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - B García-Lareu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - L Ariza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - M Navarro
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain.,Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - C Casas
- Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Chillón
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.,Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - A Bosch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona 08035, Spain
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18
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Abstract
Case history and clinical findings: A flock of 20 sheep was kept within three paddocks on a single property. None of the animals in the flock had been vaccinated against any disease for at least three years. Abdominal bloating and haemorrhagic diarrhoea were observed in Lamb 1 at 24 hours-of-age. The lamb subsequently died within an hour of the onset of clinical signs. Lamb 2 was 3-days-old when observed to be recumbent with opisthotonus. The lamb was treated with dextrose, vitamins B1 and B12, and penicillin G, but died 4 hours later.Pathological findings: Examination of Lamb 1 revealed markedly increased gas within the peritoneum and within dilated loops of intestine. The intestines were dark red and contained large quantities of haemorrhagic fluid. Histology of the intestines revealed peracute mucosal necrosis with minimal accompanying inflammation. The intestinal lumen contained cell debris, haemorrhage, and myriad large Gram-positive bacilli. The intestines of Lamb 2 did not appear bloated or reddened. However, multiple fibrin clots were visible within the pericardial sac. Histopathological examination revealed small foci of necrosis within the mucosa of the distal intestine. The necrotic foci were often associated with large numbers of large Gram-positive bacilli.Immunohistochemsitry and molecular biology: Intestinal samples from Lamb 1 were processed for Clostridium perfringens immunohistochemistry, which revealed large numbers of intralesional, positively immunostained rods. Fragments corresponding to the expected sizes for genes encoding alpha, beta, and epsilon C. perfringens typing toxins were amplified by PCR from DNA extracted from formalin-fixed sections of intestine.Diagnosis: Lamb dysentery due to C. perfringens type B.Clinical relevance: C. perfringens bacteria have a worldwide distribution, but disease due to C. perfringens type B has only been diagnosed in a small number of countries and has never been reported in New Zealand or Australia. C. perfringens type B produce both beta toxin and epsilon toxins, therefore both haemorrhagic enteritis and systemic vascular damage can develop. As many animals are exposed to C. perfringens without developing disease, there must be additional unknown factors that resulted in disease in these particular sheep. Vaccines that specifically protect against C. perfringens type B are available and may be recommended for use in smaller non-commercial flocks, as in the present case.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Munday
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - H Bentall
- Levin and Horowhenua Veterinary Centre, Levin, New Zealand
| | - D Aberdein
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - M Navarro
- California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, University of California at Davis, San Bernardino, CA, USA
| | - F A Uzal
- California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, University of California at Davis, San Bernardino, CA, USA
| | - S Brown
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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19
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Sánchez-Guerrero IM, Nieto A, Meseguer J, Navarro M, López Sáez MP, Magdalena MK, Sánchez Pérez M, Pineda F, López Sánchez JD. Occupational Rhinoconjunctivitis Induced by Unusual Allergens of Carrot. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2020; 30:204-206. [PMID: 31932272 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I M Sánchez-Guerrero
- Allergy Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Nieto
- Allergy Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - J Meseguer
- Allergy Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Navarro
- Allergy Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - M P López Sáez
- Allergy Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - M K Magdalena
- Allergy Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Sánchez Pérez
- Allergy Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - F Pineda
- Application Laboratory, Diater, Madrid, Spain
| | - J D López Sánchez
- Allergy Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
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20
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Grau-Roma L, Blatter S, Wenker C, Sonja K, Navarro M, Uzal F, Posthaus H. Necrotic Enterocolitis Associated with Clostridium perfringens in Lorikeets (Trichoglossus haematodus). J Comp Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.10.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Lorente Ros A, Pascual Izco M, Hinojar-Baydes R, Carvelli A, Vieitez Florez JM, Abellas Sequeiros M, Pinacho J, Navarro M, Fernandez Santos S, Alonso Salinas G, Hernandez S, Gonzalez Ferrer E, Jimenez Nacher JJ, Zamorano Gomez JL, Fernandez Golfin C. P729 A shocking tumor. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Primary cardiac tumors are a relatively uncommon condition, which may appear both in asymptomatic patients or in a myriad of clinical presentations. Imaging techniques are crucial for its diagnosis, and a multi-modality approach may be useful in the evaluation of this masses.
Case description
A 57 year-old man with history of hypertension presented in the emergency department with acute pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock. He was admitted to the coronary care unit, and on bedside echocardiography a mass on the tricuspid valve was observed.
Upon clinical improvement, a cardiac CT and cardiac MRI was performed (figure 1). A solid mass with no calcium content and dependent exclusively on the anterior leaflet of the tricuspid valve was seen on CT-scan (fig 1, A and B). Thrombus on the right atrial appendage could also be appreciated.
MRI confirmed the presence of a 18x19 mm mass with isointense signal on T1-turbo spin echo black-blood (fig 1, C) and cine steady-state free precession sequences, whereas an hyperintense signal was evident on T2 weighted images (T2-STIR; fig 1 D). In first pass sequences the central core was hypointense and late gadolinium enhancement showed peripheral enhancement with a non captating central core (fig 1, E).
The patient underwent surgery and the anatomopathological results showed a tumor constituted by dense connective tissue, scarce cellular content and an avascular matrix of mucopolysaccharides, elastic fibers and fusiform cells consistent with the diagnosis of papillary fibroelastoma.
Discussion
The imaging characteristics of papillary fibroelastoma are not commonly reported on MRI. We present an unusually large right-sided fibroelastoma with a characteristic distribution of late gadolinium enhancement, which has not been consistently described on a fibroelastoma.
Cardiac tumors are rare, and a non-invasive differential diagnosis is always a challenge. A multi-modality approach (echocardiography, cardiac-CT and cardiac MRI) as well as integration of relevant morphological information, including the location of the lesion and tissue characteristics was essential to the orientate the most plausible diagnosis. The distinctive images are presented.
Abstract P729 Figure 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lorente Ros
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Pascual Izco
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Hinojar-Baydes
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Carvelli
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Vieitez Florez
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Abellas Sequeiros
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Pinacho
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Navarro
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Fernandez Santos
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Alonso Salinas
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Hernandez
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Gonzalez Ferrer
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - J J Jimenez Nacher
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - J L Zamorano Gomez
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Fernandez Golfin
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal de Madrid, Cardiology Department, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is an interface between the external and internal milieus that requires continuous monitoring for nutrients or pathogens and toxic chemicals. The study of the physiological/molecular mechanisms, mediating the responses to the monitoring of the GIT contents, has been referred to as chemosensory science. While most of the progress in this area of research has been obtained in laboratory rodents and humans, significant steps forward have also been reported in pigs. The objective of this review was to update the current knowledge on nutrient chemosensing in pigs in light of recent advances in humans and laboratory rodents. A second objective relates to informing the existence of nutrient sensors with their functionality, particularly linked to the gut peptides relevant to the onset/offset of appetite. Several cell types of the intestinal epithelium such as Paneth, goblet, tuft and enteroendocrine cells (EECs) contain subsets of chemosensory receptors also found on the tongue as part of the taste system. In particular, EECs show specific co-expression patterns between nutrient sensors and/or transceptors (transport proteins with sensing functions) and anorexigenic hormones such as cholecystokinin (CCK), peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) or glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), amongst others. In addition, the administration of bitter compounds has an inhibitory effect on GIT motility and on appetite through GLP-1-, CCK-, ghrelin- and PYY-labelled EECs in the human small intestine and colon. Furthermore, the mammalian chemosensory system is the target of some bacterial metabolites. Recent studies on the human microbiome have discovered that commensal bacteria have developed strategies to stimulate chemosensory receptors and trigger host cellular functions. Finally, the study of gene polymorphisms related to nutrient sensors explains differences in food choices, food intake and appetite between individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Roura
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - I Depoortere
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Gut Peptide Research Lab, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Navarro
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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23
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Rincon LM, Sanmartin M, Alonso GL, Rodriguez JA, Muriel A, Casas E, Navarro M, Carbonell A, Lazaro C, Fernandez S, Jimenez Mena M, Fernandez Golfin C, Esteban A, Garcia Bermejo ML, Zamorano JL. P1551A genetic risk score predicts recurrent events after myocardial infarction in young adults. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
To evaluate whether a genetic risk score (GRS) improves the prediction of recurrent events in young non-diabetic patients presenting with an acute myocardial infarction and identifies a more aggressive form of atherosclerosis in this population.
Methods and results
We performed a prospective study including 81 consecutive non-diabetic patients aged below 55 y.o. presenting with an acute myocardial infarction (48±6 y.o., 89% male). A comprehensive study including serum biomarkers, genetic testing and cardiac CT was performed. We studied the association of a GRS composed of 11 genetic variants with a primary composite end-point (all-cause mortality, recurrent acute coronary syndrome, and cardiac re-hospitalisation). After a median follow-up of 4.1 (3.5 - 4.4) years 24 recurrent events were documented. A significantly higher prevalence of 9 out of 11 risk alleles was noted compared with general population. The GRS was significantly associated with recurrent events, especially when baseline LDL-cholesterol levels were elevated. Compared with the low-risk GRS category, the multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio for recurrent events for the intermediate-risk GRS category was 10.2 (95% CI 1.1–100.3, p=0.04) and for the high-risk GRS was 20.7 (2.4–181.0, p=0.006) when LDL-C ≥2.8 mmol/L. Inclusion of the GRS improved the C statistic (ΔC statistic =0.086), the continuous Net Reclassification Index (30%) and the Integrated Discrimination Improvement (0.05) compared with a multivariate clinical risk model. Cardiac CT detected coronary calcified atherosclerosis and numerous plaques but it had a limited value for prediction of recurrences. No association was observed between extracellular matrix metabolism biomarkers and GRS or recurrent events in this population.
Cox regression analysis between GRS terciles and LDL-C Univariate analysis Multivariate analysis* HR (95% CI) p-value HR (95% CI) p-value* Low GRS 1 1 Intermediate GRS 2.0 (0.7–5.8) 0.21 LDL-C≤110 mg/dL (≤2.8 mmol/L) 1.0 (0.3–4.0) >110 mg/dL (>2.8 mmol/L) 10.2 (1.1–100.3) 0.04 High GRS 3.0 (1.0–9.2) 0.05 LDL-C≤110 mg/dL (≤2.8 mmol/L) 0.3 (0.1–1.9) >110 mg/dL (>2.8 mmol/L) 20.7 (2.4–181.0) 0.006 *Multivariate model adjusted for GRACE risk score and LDL-C and interaction. There was a strong interaction between GRS terciles and LDL-C (p<0.01).
Recurrent events based on genetic risk
Conclusions
A multilocus genetic risk score identified non-diabetic young patients at increased risk for recurrent events after a myocardial infarction. The significance of LDL-cholesterol in relation to genetic predisposition for recurrences merits further evaluation.
Acknowledgement/Funding
Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI12/0564, PI14/01152 and PI15/00667), the CIBERCV and the Spanish Society of Cardiology (2015/CC)
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Rincon
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Sanmartin
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - G L Alonso
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Rodriguez
- Center for Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - A Muriel
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Casas
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Navarro
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Carbonell
- University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Lazaro
- Hospital Torrejόn, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Fernandez
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - A Esteban
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - M L Garcia Bermejo
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - J L Zamorano
- University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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24
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Gogishvili M, Mobashery N, Makharadze T, Navarro M, Snodgrass P, Chen H, Lowy I, Rietschel P, Lee S. P2.01-26 EMPOWER-Lung 3: Phase 3 Study of Combinations of Cemiplimab and Chemotherapy in First-Line Treatment of Advanced NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Xu Y, Cancino-Muñoz I, Torres-Puente M, Villamayor LM, Borrás R, Borrás-Máñez M, Bosque M, Camarena JJ, Colomer-Roig E, Colomina J, Escribano I, Esparcia-Rodríguez O, Gil-Brusola A, Gimeno C, Gimeno-Gascón A, Gomila-Sard B, González-Granda D, Gonzalo-Jiménez N, Guna-Serrano MR, López-Hontangas JL, Martín-González C, Moreno-Muñoz R, Navarro D, Navarro M, Orta N, Pérez E, Prat J, Rodríguez JC, Ruiz-García MM, Vanaclocha H, Colijn C, Comas I. High-resolution mapping of tuberculosis transmission: Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic modelling of a cohort from Valencia Region, Spain. PLoS Med 2019; 16:e1002961. [PMID: 31671150 PMCID: PMC6822721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole genome sequencing provides better delineation of transmission clusters in Mycobacterium tuberculosis than traditional methods. However, its ability to reveal individual transmission links within clusters is limited. Here, we used a 2-step approach based on Bayesian transmission reconstruction to (1) identify likely index and missing cases, (2) determine risk factors associated with transmitters, and (3) estimate when transmission happened. METHODS AND FINDINGS We developed our transmission reconstruction method using genomic and epidemiological data from a population-based study from Valencia Region, Spain. Tuberculosis (TB) incidence during the study period was 8.4 cases per 100,000 people. While the study is ongoing, the sampling frame for this work includes notified TB cases between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2016. We identified a total of 21 transmission clusters that fulfilled the criteria for analysis. These contained a total of 117 individuals diagnosed with active TB (109 with epidemiological data). Demographic characteristics of the study population were as follows: 80/109 (73%) individuals were Spanish-born, 76/109 (70%) individuals were men, and the mean age was 42.51 years (SD 18.46). We found that 66/109 (61%) TB patients were sputum positive at diagnosis, and 10/109 (9%) were HIV positive. We used the data to reveal individual transmission links, and to identify index cases, missing cases, likely transmitters, and associated transmission risk factors. Our Bayesian inference approach suggests that at least 60% of index cases are likely misidentified by local public health. Our data also suggest that factors associated with likely transmitters are different to those of simply being in a transmission cluster, highlighting the importance of differentiating between these 2 phenomena. Our data suggest that type 2 diabetes mellitus is a risk factor associated with being a transmitter (odds ratio 0.19 [95% CI 0.02-1.10], p < 0.003). Finally, we used the most likely timing for transmission events to study when TB transmission occurred; we identified that 5/14 (35.7%) cases likely transmitted TB well before symptom onset, and these were largely sputum negative at diagnosis. Limited within-cluster diversity does not allow us to extrapolate our findings to the whole TB population in Valencia Region. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we found that index cases are often misidentified, with downstream consequences for epidemiological investigations because likely transmitters can be missed. Our findings regarding inferred transmission timing suggest that TB transmission can occur before patient symptom onset, suggesting also that TB transmits during sub-clinical disease. This result has direct implications for diagnosing TB and reducing transmission. Overall, we show that a transition to individual-based genomic epidemiology will likely close some of the knowledge gaps in TB transmission and may redirect efforts towards cost-effective contact investigations for improved TB control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwei Xu
- Centre for Mathematics of Precision Healthcare, Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Irving Cancino-Muñoz
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuela Torres-Puente
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Rafael Borrás
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Borrás-Máñez
- Microbiology and Parasitology Service, Hospital Universitario de La Ribera, Alzira, Spain
| | | | - Juan J. Camarena
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ester Colomer-Roig
- Genomics and Health Unit, FISABIO Public Health, Valencia, Spain
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Colomina
- Microbiology and Parasitology Service, Hospital Universitario de La Ribera, Alzira, Spain
| | - Isabel Escribano
- Microbiology Laboratory, Hospital Virgen de los Lírios, Alcoy, Spain
| | | | - Ana Gil-Brusola
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Concepción Gimeno
- Microbiology Service, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Bárbara Gomila-Sard
- Microbiology Service, Hospital General Universitario de Castellón, Castellon, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Coral Martín-González
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario de San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Rosario Moreno-Muñoz
- Microbiology Service, Hospital General Universitario de Castellón, Castellon, Spain
| | - David Navarro
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Navarro
- Microbiology Service, Hospital de la Vega Baixa, Orihuela, Spain
| | - Nieves Orta
- Microbiology Service, Hospital San Francesc de Borja, Gandía, Spain
| | - Elvira Pérez
- Subdirección General de Epidemiología y Vigilancia de la Salud, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Valencia, Spain
| | - Josep Prat
- Microbiology Service, Hospital de Sagunto, Sagunto, Spain
| | | | | | - Herme Vanaclocha
- Subdirección General de Epidemiología y Vigilancia de la Salud, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Valencia, Spain
| | - Caroline Colijn
- Centre for Mathematics of Precision Healthcare, Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Mathematics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail: (CC); (IC)
| | - Iñaki Comas
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail: (CC); (IC)
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Jove M, Moran T, Teule A, Menendez M, Gausachs M, Vilariño N, Sánchez RP, Cirauqui B, Estival A, Carcereny E, Domenech M, Navarro M, Bosch-Barrera J, Fina C, Izquierdo A, Ruffinelli J, Varela M, Mesia C, Hernandez A, Gonzalez S, Lazaro C, Brunet J, Nadal E. P1.01-54 Somatic Genome Alterations in Lung Cancer Patients Diagnosed with Li Fraumeni Syndrome. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sezer A, Gogishvili M, Bentsion D, Kilickap S, Lowczak A, Gumus M, Gladkov O, Clingan P, Sriuranpong V, Rizvi N, Lee S, Li S, Snodgrass P, Navarro M, Lowy I, Rietschel P. P2.01-01 Cemiplimab, a Human PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody, Versus Chemotherapy in First-Line Treatment of Advanced NSCLC with PD-L1 ≥50%. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Balana C, Sepulveda J, Pineda E, Vaz M, Mesia C, Fuster J, Girones R, Muñoz-Langa J, Navarro M, Alonso M, Gil Gil M, Herrero A, Estival A, Gallego O, Peralta S, Olier C, Pérez-Segura P, Covela M, Martinez García M, Domenech M, Carrato C, Sanz C, Velarde J, Berrocal A, Luque R, De las Peñas R, Del Barco S. P14.58 Extending adjuvant temozolomide longer than six cycles doesn’t add any benefit to glioblastoma patients according to the randomized GEINO-014 TRIAL. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz126.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Standard treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) is focal radiation with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) for 6 cycles. The GEINO-14-01 trial (NCT02209948) investigated the role of extending adjuvant TMZ to 12 cycles in a randomized multicenter study.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Between Aug/2014 and Nov/2018, 166 patients (p) were screened and 159 randomized to extend (80p) or not (79p) TMZ treatment to 12 cycles after proving stable disease in the MRI performed before inclusion. The trial was stratified by MGMT status and presence or absence of residual disease (defined as a residual enhancement larger than 1cm on the MRI). The primary endpoint was differences in 6monthsPFS, secondary endpoints were differences in PFS, OS, toxicity, between arms and per stratification factors.
RESULTS
Median age was 60.4 (range 29–83), 97p (61%) were methylated and 83 p (52.2%) were reported with residual disease. Median (m) PFS was 7.9 months (95%CI: 6.1–9.8) and mOS: 20.9 (95%CI: 17.6–24.1). A methylated status was a factor of better PFS (HR=0.29, 95% CI 0.46–0.95; p=0.029) and better OS (HR= 0.43: 95% CI 0.28–0.66; p=0.000) as well as the absence of residual disease (PFS: HR = 0.84: 95% CI =0.71–1.01; p=0.068; OS: HR=0.77, 95%CI 0.63–0.96; p=0.019). We didn’t find any difference in PFS (HR=1.02, 95%CI 0.85–1.21; p=0.82), or OS (HR=0.90; 0.73–1.11; p=0.34) on extending treatment with temozolomide longer than 6 cycles.
CONCLUSION
There is no benefit of continuing TMZ treatment for more than 6 cycles in the adjuvant treatment of glioblastoma. Final data will be presented at the congress. Supported by a Grant of the ISCIII: PI13/01751
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Affiliation(s)
- C Balana
- Institut Catala Oncologia Badalona, Badalona, Spain
| | - J Sepulveda
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Pineda
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Vaz
- Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Mesia
- Institut Catala Oncologia Hospital Duran y Reynalds, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - J Fuster
- Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - R Girones
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic la Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Muñoz-Langa
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic la Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Navarro
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - M Alonso
- Hospital Universitario la Virgen del Rocio, Sevilla, Spain
| | - M Gil Gil
- Institut Catala Oncologia Hospital Duran y Reynalds, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - A Herrero
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A Estival
- Institut Catala Oncologia Badalona, Badalona, Spain
| | - O Gallego
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Peralta
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - C Olier
- Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon, Alcorcon, Spain
| | | | - M Covela
- Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | | | - M Domenech
- Institut Catala Oncologia Badalona, Badalona, Spain
| | - C Carrato
- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - C Sanz
- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - J Velarde
- Institut Catala Oncologia Badalona, Badalona, Spain
| | - A Berrocal
- Hospital General Universitari de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - R Luque
- HospitalUniversitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | | | - S Del Barco
- Institut Catala Oncologia Hospital Universitari Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
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Ciruela P, Broner S, Izquierdo C, Pallarés R, Muñoz-Almagro C, Hernández S, Grau I, Domínguez A, Jané M, Ciruela P, Izquierdo C, Broner S, Hernández S, Jané M, Muñoz-Almagro C, Esteva C, de Sevilla M, Henares D, Pallarés R, Ardanuy C, Grau I, Marco F, Margall N, González-Cuevas A, Díaz A, Martin M, Llaberia J, Curriu M, Gallés C, Capdevila E, Gassiot P, Martínez-Zurita M, Martí C, Morta M, Sauca G, Gassós A, Sanfeliu E, Ballester F, Pujol I, Olsina M, Raga X, Gómez-Bertomeu F, Pérez-Moreno M, Vilamala A, Navarro M, Ribelles M, Garcia M, Padilla E, Prim N, Fontanals D, Sanfeliu I, Benitez M, Jou E, Sanjosé C, Giménez M, Quesada M, de la Fuente J, Calderon A, Ayala P, Vega L, Pérez-Jové J, Blanco A, Balado C, Valle I, Bastida M, Gonzalez-Moreno O, Ubanell A, Fenoll A, Yuste J. Indirect effects of paediatric conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease in older adults. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 86:122-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Grimmer T, Rabe C, Navarro M, Clayton D, Manuilova E, Peters O, Eichenlaub U, Smith J, Ostrowitzki S, Honigberg L, Bittner T. P06 Concordance of florbetapir (18F) PET and Elecsys® β-Amyloid(1–42) CSF immunoassay in the CREAD (BN29552) study of crenezumab in prodromal-to-mild AD. Clin Neurophysiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.04.662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Navarro M, Bluguermann C, Von Meyeren M, Bariani V, Osycka C, Mutto A. 2 Role of histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation during bovine pre-implantation embryonic development. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv31n1ab2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Histones play an important role in DNA’s compaction and organisation into the cellular nucleus. Depending on which histone modification occurs, chromatin can take a conformation of heterochromatin or euchromatin, which are associated with gene repression or expression, respectively. Histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) trimethylation (H3K9me3) is associated with gene silencing. At least 3 methyltransferases are able to change the methylation status of H3K9: SUV39H1, SUV39H2, and SETDB1. In several mammalian species, modulation of H3K9 methylation status has been demonstrated to be necessary to achieve a successful pre-implantation embryonic development after IVF or somatic cell NT. The aim of this work was to study the role of H3K9me3 in IVF pre-implantation bovine embryos. For this purpose, immunostaining of H3K9me3 at different pre-implantation stages of development was performed. Further, the relative abundances of the methyltransferases SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 were measured by real-time PCR using luciferase transcript as an exogenous gene for normalization. Finally, to evaluate H3K9me3 involvement during pre-implantation embryonic development, we generated SUV39H1 or SUV39H2 knockout embryos by the CRISPR/Cas9 system. We designed guide RNA targeting SUV39H1 or SUV39H2 and co-injected the presumptive zygote’s cytoplasm 18h post-fertilization with Cas9 protein. At Day 8 post-fertilization, the number of blastocysts was assessed and embryos were immunostained to evaluate H3K9me3. Results were analysed using Student’s t-test or ANOVA with the post-hoc Tukey test depending on data set (P ≤ 0.05) and reported as means±standard errors of the mean. Oocytes at germinal vesicle stage and metaphase II as well as embryos at different stages of pre-implantation development (2, 4, and 8 cells, morula, and blastocyst; n=6) were immunoreactive for H3K9me3. Expression of SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 mRNA decreased significantly as embryonic development progressed, reaching undetectable levels at stages where genome activation had already occurred (morula and blastocyst; P<0.0001, n=3). When zygotes were co-injected with the guide RNA targeting SUV39H1/Cas9, embryonic production showed a significant increase compared with the control [42.26%±5.03 (28/65) v. 23.86%±3.99 (21/88), respectively; P=0.034, n=4], and H3K9me3 immunostaining was reduced in treated embryos. Editing efficiency was estimated at 66%. In contrast, no statistical differences were found in embryonic production or H3K9me3 immunostaining in embryos co-injected with the guide RNA targeting SUV39H2/Cas9 (P=0.57, n=3). In conclusion, we were able to characterise H3K9me3 and determine transcript levels of methyltransferases SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 in oocytes and different stages of pre-implantation embryonic development. We also demonstrated that SUV39H1 deletion led to an increased embryonic production, suggesting that H3K9me3 removal would allow a greater relaxation of the heterochromatin and consequently a successful activation of embryonic genes. This highlights the essential role of H3K9me3 during bovine pre-implantation embryonic development.
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Alfaro A, Asensio M, García-Escrivá A, Medrano V, Salom J, Tortosa D, Palao S, Lezcano M, Berenguer L, Navarro M, Cerdán M, Buendía J, Giner J. LAM study: Effects of lacosamide on behaviour and quality of life in patients with epilepsy. Neurología (English Edition) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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33
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Navarro M, Mena A, Giordanengo T, Gómez-Alonso S, García-Romero E, Fort F, Canals J, Hermosín-Gutíerrez I, Zamora F. Influence of the micro-oxygenation dose and supplementation with oak staves of different potential of ellagitannin release on wine color and composition. BIO Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20191202012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aliquots of a wine of Merlot were micro-oxygenated at two doses of oxygen (2.5 and 5.0 mg of O2/L.month) in the presence or not of oak staves of different potential ellagitannin release (PER) for three months. In general, micro-oxygenation increased the color intensity and stability probably because favor the formation of new pigments. The presence of staves increased the total phenolic index and the ellagitannin concentration, and this effect was higher when greater was the PER of the staves. Finally, the dose of microoxygenation only affects the concentration of total furanic compounds whereas the PER of the staves seems to determine the concentration of furanic compounds, volatile phenols and β-methyl-γ-octolactones.
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Marco A, Roget M, Cervantes M, Forné M, Planella R, Miquel M, Ortiz J, Navarro M, Gallego C, Vergara M. Comparison of effectiveness and discontinuation of interferon-free therapy for hepatitis C in prison inmates and noninmates. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:1280-1286. [PMID: 29851225 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C treatment with direct acting antiviral (DAA) therapy during incarceration is an attractive option, due to its short duration and to the possibility of directly observed treatment or supervision. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness and rates of discontinuation of DAA treatment in prisoners and nonprisoners. We studied all patients treated in the 10 prisons of Catalonia and at 3 public hospitals in the Barcelona area between 1 January 2015 and 30 April 2016. We analysed sustained viral response (SVR) and rates of discontinuation through intention-to-treat and modified-intention-to-treat analyses, the latter excluding discontinuations due to release from prison. One hundred and eighty-eight inmates and 862 noninmates were included. Prisoners were significantly younger than nonprisoners, with higher proportions of men, drug users, HIV infection, genotypes 1a and 3 and more treatment with psychiatric drugs. Overall, 98.4% of patients completed treatment. The discontinuation rate was low, but higher in inmates (3.7% vs 1.2% noninmates; P = .003) and in community patients >65 years old (2.8% vs 1.2% in under 65 seconds; P = .008). Among the inmates, 7 (42.8%) discontinuations were due to release. SVR was 93.1% in inmates vs 96.5% in noninmates (P = .08) by intention-to-treat and 95.1% vs 96.5% (P = .37) by modified intention-to-treat. Virologic failure rates were similar (3.8% vs 3% in noninmates; P = .60). SVR, virologic failure and discontinuation rates were similar in inmates and noninmates. Currently, prisons are considered a priority for the implementation of DAA. Improved coordination between penitentiary and community health systems would help to ensure therapeutic continuity in released prisoners.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marco
- Prison Health Program, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Roget
- Hepatology Unit, Consorci Sanitari, Terrassa, Spain
| | - M Cervantes
- Infectious Disease Unit, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - M Forné
- Instituto Carlos III, CIBERehd, Madrid, Spain.,Digestive Disease, Department Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa, Universitat Central de Barcelona, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Planella
- Health Services of Ponent Penitentiary Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Miquel
- Instituto Carlos III, CIBERehd, Madrid, Spain.,Hepatology Unit, Digestive Disease Department, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - J Ortiz
- Hepatology Unit, Consorci Sanitari, Terrassa, Spain
| | - M Navarro
- Infectious Disease Unit, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - C Gallego
- Health Services of Quatre Camins Penitentiary Centre, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Vergara
- Instituto Carlos III, CIBERehd, Madrid, Spain.,Hepatology Unit, Digestive Disease Department, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
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35
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Monge-Maillo B, Navarro M, Rodríguez E, Ramos Rincón JM, Chamorro Tojeiro S, Jiménez Sánchez S, Casas Del Corral MJ, López-Vélez R. Community screening campaign for Strongyloides stercoralis among Latin American immigrants in Spain. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 24:1220-1221. [PMID: 30017967 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Monge-Maillo
- National Referral Unit for Tropical Diseases, Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRICYS, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - E Rodríguez
- Parasitology Department: Nacional Referral Centre of Microbiology Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Ramos Rincón
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alicante, Medicine Department, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - S Chamorro Tojeiro
- National Referral Unit for Tropical Diseases, Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRICYS, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Jiménez Sánchez
- Parasitology Department: Nacional Referral Centre of Microbiology Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - M J Casas Del Corral
- Parasitology Department: Nacional Referral Centre of Microbiology Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - R López-Vélez
- National Referral Unit for Tropical Diseases, Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRICYS, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Adrenal cortical insufficiency secondary to destruction of the cortex by a metastatic tumor is a rare condition. Addison's disease is usually caused by an autoimmune process or by a tuberculous infection. We report a case of adrenal Insufficiency as the first clinical manifestation of a metastatic prostate carcinoma that occurred simultaneously with an active pulmonary infection by M. tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Navarro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Granollers Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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Bellmunt J, Navarro M, Hidalgo R, Solé LA. Palmar-Plantar Erythrodysesthesia Syndrome Associated with Short-Term Continuous Infusion (5 Days) of 5-Fluorouracil. Tumori 2018; 74:329-31. [PMID: 3400123 DOI: 10.1177/030089168807400315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A case of palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome (PPES) observed during a 120-h infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is presented. This syndrome has been described in the literature after protracted infusion chemotherapy of over 30 days. The agent most frequently associated with this syndrome was 5-FU. A 53-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the retromolar trigone. The patient received 100 mg/m2 of cisplatin on day 1 and 120-h continuous infusion of 1000 mg/m2 of 5-FU every 3 weeks. After the second course, the patient developed clinical features consistant with PPES. This side effect has not been previously reported with short-term (5-day or 120-h) continuous infusion of 5-FU. Less frequently, the syndrome has also been described with 10-day continuous infusion. The etiopathogenesis of PPES is unclear, but it seems to be dose-dependent and probably related to cutaneous drug accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bellmunt
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Valle Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mur
- Oncology Section, Ciudad Sanitaria, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
The fact that most farm animals have no dietary choice under commercial practices translates the dietary decisions to the carers. Thus, a lack of understanding of the principles of dietary choices is likely to result in a high toll for the feed industry. In healthy animals, diet selection and, ultimately, feed intake is the result of factoring together the preference for the feed available with the motivation to eat. Both are dynamic states and integrate transient stimulus derived from the nutritional status, environmental and social determinants of the animal with hard-wired genetic mechanisms. Peripheral senses are the primary inputs that determine feed preferences. Some of the sensory aspects of feed, such as taste, are innate and genetically driven, keeping the hedonic value of feed strictly associated with a nutritional frame. Sweet, umami and fat tastes are all highly appetitive. They stimulate reward responses from the brain and reinforce dietary choices related to essential nutrients. In contrast, aroma (smell) recognition is a plastic trait and preferences are driven mostly by learned experience. Maternal transfer through perinatal conditioning and the individual’s own innate behaviour to try or to avoid novel feed (often termed as neophobia) are known mechanisms where the learning process strongly affects preferences. In addtition, the motivation to eat responds to episodic events fluctuating in harmony with the eating patterns. These signals are driven mainly by gastrointestinal hormones (such as cholecystokinin [CCK] and glucagon-like peptide 1 [GLP-1]) and load. In addition, long-term events generate mechanisms for a sustainable nutritional homeostasis managed by tonic signals from tissue stores (i.e. leptin and insulin). Insulin and leptin are known to affect appetite by modulating peripheral sensory inputs. The study of chemosensory mechanisms related to the nutritional status of the animal offers novel tools to understand the dynamic states of feed choices so as to meet nutritional and hedonic needs. Finally, a significant body of literature exists regarding appetite driven by energy and amino acids in farm animals. However, it is surprising that there is scarcity of knowledge regarding what and how specific dietary nutrients may affect satiety. Thus, a better understanding on how bitter compounds and excess dietary nutrients (i.e. amino acids) play a role in no-choice animal feeding is an urgent topic to be addressed so that right choices can be made on the animal’s behalf.
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Perales A, Delgado JL, de la Calle M, García‐Hernández JA, Escudero AI, Campillos JM, Sarabia MD, Laíz B, Duque M, Navarro M, Calmarza P, Hund M, Álvarez FV. sFlt-1/PlGF for prediction of early-onset pre-eclampsia: STEPS (Study of Early Pre-eclampsia in Spain). Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017; 50:373-382. [PMID: 27883242 PMCID: PMC5836987 DOI: 10.1002/uog.17373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A high ratio of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) to placental growth factor (PlGF) has been linked to pre-eclampsia (PE). We evaluated the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio as a predictive marker for early-onset PE in women at risk of PE. METHODS This prospective, Spanish, multicenter study included pregnant women with a risk factor for PE, including intrauterine growth restriction, PE, eclampsia or hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count syndrome in previous pregnancy, pregestational diabetes or abnormal uterine artery Doppler. The primary objective was to show that the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio at 20, 24 and 28 weeks' gestation was predictive of early-onset PE (< 34 + 0 weeks). Serum sFlt-1 and PlGF were measured at 20, 24 and 28 weeks. Multivariate logistic regression was used to develop a predictive model. RESULTS A total of 819 women were enrolled, of which 729 were suitable for analysis. Of these, 78 (10.7%) women developed PE (24 early onset and 54 late onset). Median sFlt-1/PlGF ratio at 20, 24 and 28 weeks was 6.3 (interquartile range (IQR), 4.1-9.3), 4.0 (IQR, 2.6-6.3) and 3.3 (IQR, 2.0-5.9), respectively, for women who did not develop PE (controls); 14.5 (IQR, 5.5-43.7), 18.4 (IQR, 8.2-57.9) and 51.9 (IQR, 11.5-145.6) for women with early-onset PE; and 6.7 (IQR, 4.6-9.9), 4.7 (IQR, 2.8-7.2) and 6.0 (IQR, 3.8-10.5) for women with late-onset PE. Compared with early-onset PE, the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio was significantly lower in controls (P < 0.001 at each timepoint) and in women with chronic hypertension (P < 0.001 at each timepoint), gestational hypertension (P < 0.001 at each timepoint) and late-onset PE (P < 0.001 at each timepoint). A prediction model for early-onset PE was developed, which included the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio plus mean arterial pressure, being parous and previous PE, with areas under the receiver-operating characteristics curves of 0.86 (95% CI, 0.77-0.95), 0.91 (95% CI, 0.85-0.97) and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.86-0.99) at 20, 24 and 28 weeks, respectively, and was superior to models using the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio alone or uterine artery mean pulsatility index. CONCLUSIONS The sFlt-1/PlGF ratio can improve prediction of early-onset PE for women at risk of this condition. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Perales
- Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La FeValenciaSpain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - B. Laíz
- Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La FeValenciaSpain
| | - M. Duque
- Hospital Universitario La PazMadridSpain
| | - M. Navarro
- Hospital Universitario Materno Infantil de CanariasGran CanariaSpain
| | - P. Calmarza
- Hospital Universitario Miguel ServetZaragozaSpain
| | - M. Hund
- Roche Diagnostics International LtdRotkreuzSwitzerland
| | - F. V. Álvarez
- Hospital Universitario Central de AsturiasOviedoSpain
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Vivat B, Young TE, Winstanley J, Arraras JI, Black K, Boyle F, Bredart A, Costantini A, Guo J, Irarrazaval ME, Kobayashi K, Kruizinga R, Navarro M, Omidvari S, Rohde GE, Serpentini S, Spry N, Van Laarhoven HWM, Yang GM. The international phase 4 validation study of the EORTC QLQ-SWB32: A stand-alone measure of spiritual well-being for people receiving palliative care for cancer. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2017; 26. [PMID: 28776784 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The EORTC Quality of Life Group has just completed the final phase (field-testing and validation) of an international project to develop a stand-alone measure of spiritual well-being (SWB) for palliative cancer patients. Participants (n = 451)-from 14 countries on four continents; 54% female; 188 Christian; 50 Muslim; 156 with no religion-completed a provisional 36-item measure of SWB plus the EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL (PAL), then took part in a structured debriefing interview. All items showed good score distribution across response categories. We assessed scale structure using principal component analysis and Rasch analysis, and explored construct validity, and convergent/divergent validity with the PAL. Twenty-two items in four scoring scales (Relationship with Self, Relationships with Others, Relationship with Someone or Something Greater, and Existential) explained 53% of the variance. The measure also includes a global SWB item and nine other items. Scores on the PAL global quality-of-life item and Emotional Functioning scale weakly-moderately correlated with scores on the global SWB item and two of the four SWB scales. This new validated 32-item SWB measure addresses a distinct aspect of quality-of-life, and is now available for use in research and clinical practice, with a role as both a measurement and an intervention tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Vivat
- Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - T E Young
- Supportive Oncology Research Team, East & North Hertfordshire NHS Trust including Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, Middlesex, UK
| | - J Winstanley
- Patricia Ritchie Centre for Cancer Care, University of Sydney, North Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - J I Arraras
- Department of Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - K Black
- St Gemma's Hospice, Leeds, UK
| | - F Boyle
- Patricia Ritchie Centre for Cancer Care, University of Sydney, North Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A Bredart
- Psycho-Oncology Unit, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - A Costantini
- Sant'Andrea Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - J Guo
- Palliative Ward, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | | | - K Kobayashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Centre, Saitama, Japan
| | - R Kruizinga
- Medical Oncology Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Navarro
- Coordinadora del Centro de Apoyo para la Atención Integral, Division de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico DF, Mexico
| | - S Omidvari
- Health Metrics Research Centre, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - G E Rohde
- Faculty of Health & Sport Sciences, University of Agder & Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - S Serpentini
- Unit of Psychoncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - N Spry
- Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | | | - G M Yang
- National Cancer Centre Singapore 2, Lien Centre for Palliative Care, Singapore
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Garrigues P, Su C, Navarro M, Paillous P, Janin C, Mathieu A. Hypomagnésémie induite par les inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons : un trouble métabolique à ne pas méconnaître. Rev Med Interne 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2017.03.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Reynaga E, Torres C, Garcia-Nuñez M, Navarro M, Vilamala A, Puigoriol E, Lucchetti GE, Sabrià M. Clinical impact and prevalence of MRSA CC398 and differences between MRSA-Tet R and MRSA-Tet S in an area of Spain with a high density of pig farming: a prospective cohort study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2017; 23:678.e1-678.e4. [PMID: 28365311 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tetracycline resistance (TetR) is a phenotypic marker of the livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) CC398 clone. The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence of MRSA CC398 in patients in contact with healthcare facilities and differences between patients with MRSA-TetR and MRSA tetracycline-susceptible (TetS) strains. METHODS Patients diagnosed with MRSA from January 2012 to December 2015 were divided into two groups, MRSA-TetR and MRSA-TetS. Epidemiologic and clinical data were evaluated. Molecular analysis was performed (multilocus sequence typing, spa typing) on MRSA-TetR strains. RESULTS Data from 288 MRSA patients were obtained, and 106 (36.8%) carried MRSA-TetR (93 typed as CC398 (87.7%); the remaining 13 isolates were ascribed to CC9, CC1, CC121, CC30, CC97, CC146 and CC152). The most frequent spa type was t011 (56.6%, 61/106). Detection of MRSA-TetR increased over the years (21.9%, 16/73, in 2012; 50.7%, 36/71, in 2015; p <0.001). Hospital acquisition was found in 16.7% (19/114) of MRSA-TetR patients vs. 83.3% (95/114) in MRSA-TetS patients (p <0.001). Frequency of MRSA-TetR patients in nursing homes was lower than in MRSA-TetS patients (4.7%, 5/106, vs. 27.5%, 50/182, p <0.001). MRSA-TetR as distinct from MRSA-TetS was associated with workers on pig farms (49.0%, 52/106, vs. 1.0%, 2/182; p <0.001), fewer admissions to hospital (46.2%, 49/106, vs. 68.1%, 124/182; p <0.001) and fewer comorbidities (81.1%, 86/106, vs. 59.9%, 109/182; p <0.001). Sixty cases of MRSA-CC398 infection were diagnosed, including, among others, endocarditis, septic arthritis, prosthetic joint infection, pneumonia and bacteraemia. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of MRSA-TetR (especially CC398) at the hospital level in a Spanish region with intensive pig farming activity is high and is responsible for severe infections. Significant differences were detected in clinical and epidemiologic characteristics among MRSA-TetR and MRSA-TetS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Reynaga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
| | - C Torres
- Area de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - M Garcia-Nuñez
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Health Sciences Research Institute of the Germans Trias i Pujol Foundation, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Navarro
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Spain
| | - A Vilamala
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Spain
| | - E Puigoriol
- Epidemiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Spain
| | - G E Lucchetti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Spain
| | - M Sabrià
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Infectious Diseases Unit, Health Sciences Research Institute of the Germans Trias i Pujol Foundation, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
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Pérez-Moya M, Kaisto T, Navarro M, Del Valle LJ. Study of the degradation performance (TOC, BOD, and toxicity) of bisphenol A by the photo-Fenton process. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:6241-6251. [PMID: 27640057 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7386-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Degradation of bisphenol A (BPA, 0.5 L, 30 mg L-1) was studied by photo-Fenton treatment, while Fenton reagents were variables. The efficiency of the degradation process was evaluated by the reduction of total organic carbon (TOC), the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and toxicity. For toxicity analysis, bacterial methods were found infeasible, but the in vitro assay of VERO cells culture was successfully applied. Experiments according to a 22 design of experiments (DOE) with star points and three center points for statistical validity allowed selecting those process conditions (Fe(II) and H2O2 load) that maximized the process performance. Photo-Fenton process effectively eliminated BPA and partly degraded its by-products (residual TOC <15 %) under substoichiometric H2O2 dose (100.62 mg L-1) and at least 4 mg L-1 Fe(II), after a 90-min treatment. All treated samples were at least partially biodegradable. The cytotoxic concentration (LD50) of BPA for VERO cells was 7 mg L-1. With small H2O2 amount (15.24 mg L-1), only low BPA mineralization (TOC = 92 %) was attained. Toxicity was also detected to 50 % of cellular mortality even at long reaction times. However, 40.25 mg L-1 of H2O2 decreased residual TOC to 70 % while cell mortality decreased down to 25 %. With more H2O2, the residual TOC decreased down to 15 % but cell mortality remained within the 20-25 % level. Photo-Fenton increased the biodegradability and reduced the toxicity of the studied sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pérez-Moya
- EUETIB-CEIB, Chemical Engineering Department, UPC. BARCELONATECH, C/Comte d'Urgell 187, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - T Kaisto
- Faculty of Technology, Lahti University of Applied Sciences, Niemenkatu 73, 15101, Lahti, Finland
| | - M Navarro
- EUETIB-CEIB, Chemical Engineering Department, UPC. BARCELONATECH, C/Comte d'Urgell 187, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L J Del Valle
- Center for Research in Nano-Engineering (CrNE), and ETSEIB, Chemical Engineering Department, UPC. BARCELONATECH, Av Diagonal 647, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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45
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Navarro M, Kontoudakis N, Canals JM, García-Romero E, Gómez-Alonso S, Zamora F, Hermosín-Gutiérrez I. Improved method for the extraction and chromatographic analysis on a fused-core column of ellagitannins found in oak-aged wine. Food Chem 2017; 226:23-31. [PMID: 28254015 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the analysis of ellagitannins observed in oak-aged wine is proposed, exhibiting interesting advantages with regard to previously reported analytical methods. The necessary extraction of ellagitannins from wine was simplified to a single step of solid phase extraction (SPE) using size exclusion chromatography with Sephadex LH-20 without the need for any previous SPE of phenolic compounds using reversed-phase materials. The quantitative recovery of wine ellagitannins requires a combined elution with methanol and ethyl acetate, especially for increasing the recovery of the less polar acutissimins. The chromatographic method was performed using a fused-core C18 column, thereby avoiding the coelution of main ellagitannins, such as vescalagin and roburin E. However, the very polar ellagitannins, namely, the roburins A, B and C, still partially coeluted, and their quantification was assisted by the MS detector. This methodology also enabled the analysis of free gallic and ellagic acids in the same chromatographic run.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Navarro
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia de Tarragona, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.li Domingo, s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Nikolaos Kontoudakis
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia de Tarragona, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.li Domingo, s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Joan Miquel Canals
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia de Tarragona, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.li Domingo, s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Esteban García-Romero
- Instituto de la Vid y el Vino de Castilla-La Mancha, Ctra. Toledo-Albacete s/n, 13700 Tomelloso, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Sergio Gómez-Alonso
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada, Avda. Camilo José Cela s/n, Campus Universitario, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; Parque Científico y Tecnológico Castilla-La Mancha, Paseo de la Innovación, 1, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Fernando Zamora
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia de Tarragona, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel.li Domingo, s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Isidro Hermosín-Gutiérrez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada, Avda. Camilo José Cela s/n, Campus Universitario, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
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Castro C, Fuller S, Navarro M, Palou R, Roura E. Development of non-invasive methods to monitor the transfer of dietary volatile compounds in pigs. Anim Prod Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/anv57n12ab072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wang J, Fu M, Navarro M, Roura E. A double-choice model to quantify negative preference to bitterness in pigs. Anim Prod Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/anv57n12ab081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Martínez-Bonet M, González-Serna A, Clemente MI, Morón-López S, Díaz L, Navarro M, Puertas MC, Leal M, Ruiz-Mateos E, Martinez-Picado J, Muñoz-Fernández MA. Relationship between CCR5 (WT/Δ32) heterozygosity and HIV-1 reservoir size in adolescents and young adults with perinatally acquired HIV-1 infection. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 23:318-324. [PMID: 28042001 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several host factors contribute to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression in the absence of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Among them, the CC-chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is known to be the main co-receptor used by HIV-1 to enter target cells during the early stages of an HIV-1 infection. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the association of CCR5(WT/Δ32) heterozygosity with HIV-1 reservoir size, lymphocyte differentiation, activation and immunosenescence in adolescents and young adults with perinatally acquired HIV infection receiving cART. METHODS CCR5 genotype was analysed in 242 patients with vertically transmitted HIV-1 infection from Paediatric Spanish AIDS Research Network Cohort (coRISpe). Proviral HIV-1 DNA was quantified by digital-droplet PCR, and T-cell phenotype was evaluated by flow cytometry in a subset of 24 patients (ten with CCR5(Δ32/WT) genotype and 14 with CCR5(WT/WT) genotype). RESULTS Twenty-three patients were heterozygous for the Δ32 genotype but none was homozygous for the mutated CCR5 allele. We observed no difference in the HIV-1 reservoir size (455 and 578 copies of HIV-1 DNA per million CD4+ T cells in individuals with CCR5(WT/WT) and CCR5(Δ32/WT) genotypes, respectively; p 0.75) or in the immune activation markers between both genotype groups. However, we found that total HIV-1 DNA in CD4+ T cells correlated with the percentage of memory CD4+ T cells: a direct correlation in CCR5(WT/Δ32) patients but an inverse correlation in those with the CCR5(WT/WT) genotype. CONCLUSIONS This finding suggests a differential distribution of the viral reservoir compartment in CCR5(WT/Δ32) patients with perinatal HIV infection, which is a characteristic that may affect the design of strategies for reservoir elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martínez-Bonet
- Laboratory of Immuno Molecular Biology, Section of Immunology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain; Spanish HIV HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - A González-Serna
- Laboratory of Immuno Molecular Biology, Section of Immunology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain; Laboratory of Immunovirology, Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - M I Clemente
- Laboratory of Immuno Molecular Biology, Section of Immunology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain; Spanish HIV HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Morón-López
- AIDS Research Institute IrsiCaixa, Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - L Díaz
- Laboratory of Immuno Molecular Biology, Section of Immunology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain; Spanish HIV HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Navarro
- Department of Infection Disease Section, Paediatric Service, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Puertas
- AIDS Research Institute IrsiCaixa, Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - M Leal
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - E Ruiz-Mateos
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - J Martinez-Picado
- AIDS Research Institute IrsiCaixa, Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain; Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M A Muñoz-Fernández
- Laboratory of Immuno Molecular Biology, Section of Immunology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain; Spanish HIV HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
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Alfaro A, Asensio M, García-Escrivá A, Medrano V, Salom JM, Tortosa D, Palao S, Lezcano M, Berenguer L, Navarro M, Cerdán M, Buendía JF, Giner JC. LAM study: Effects of lacosamide on behaviour and quality of life in patients with epilepsy. Neurologia 2016; 34:1-6. [PMID: 27993420 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psychiatric comorbidities are common in epileptic patients, and evaluating the impact of antiepileptic drugs on patients' moods is therefore essential. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of lacosamide on behaviour and quality of life in people with epilepsy. METHODS We conducted a multicentre prospective observational study of poorly-controlled epileptic patients who received lacosamide as an adjuvant treatment. Patients were evaluated on 4 occasions during a 12-month period. The impact of lacosamide on patients' mood and quality of life was assessed with the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-10 (QOLIE-10), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). As a secondary objective, we evaluated the effectiveness and safety of lacosamide. RESULTS We included 55 patients with a mean age of 47.1±18.4 years. At baseline, 34.5% of the patients had psychiatric comorbidities; the mean number of crises in the previous month was 3.6±4.3. The QOLIE-10 and HADS scales revealed statistically significant improvements in patients with a poor baseline condition (anxiety, depression, and/or poor quality of life). The BIS-11 scale detected no impulsive behaviour during follow-up. After 12 months of treatment, 51.9% of the patients were seizure-free and 77.8% experienced a reduction of at least 50% in seizure frequency. Adverse effects were mild in most cases; lacosamide was discontinued in 10 patients (18.2%). CONCLUSIONS Lacosamide is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with epilepsy and psychiatric comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Alfaro
- CIBER-BBN Grupo de Neuroingeniería Biomédica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Alicante, España; Sección de Neurología, Hospital Vega Baja de Orihuela, Alicante, España.
| | - M Asensio
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, España
| | - A García-Escrivá
- Sección de Neurología, Hospital IMED-Levante, Benidorm, Alicante, España
| | - V Medrano
- Sección de Neurología, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Elda, Alicante, España
| | - J M Salom
- Sección de Neurología. Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España
| | - D Tortosa
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital General Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España
| | - S Palao
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, España
| | - M Lezcano
- Servicio de Neurología, Regionshospitalet Holstebro, Holstebro, Dinamarca
| | - L Berenguer
- Sección de Neurología, Hospital de la Marina Baja, Villajoyosa, Alicante, España
| | - M Navarro
- Sección de Neurología, Hospital Los Arcos del Mar Menor, Murcia, España
| | - M Cerdán
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital General Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España
| | - J F Buendía
- Sección de Neurología, Hospital Comarcal del Noroeste, Caravaca de la Cruz, Murcia, España
| | - J C Giner
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Alicante, España
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Tamura N, McCarthy KJ, Hayashi H, Combs SK, Foust C, García R, Panadero N, Pawelec E, Hernández Sánchez J, Navarro M, Soleto A. Tracer-Encapsulated Solid Pellet (TESPEL) injection system for the TJ-II stellarator. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D619. [PMID: 27910332 DOI: 10.1063/1.4962303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A tracer-encapsulated solid pellet (TESPEL) injection system for the TJ-II stellarator was recently developed. In order to reduce the time and cost for the development, we combined a TESPEL injector provided by National Institute for Fusion Science with an existing TJ-II cryogenic pellet injection system. Consequently, the TESPEL injection into the TJ-II plasma was successfully achieved, which was confirmed by several pellet diagnostics including a normal-incidence spectrometer for monitoring a tracer impurity behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K J McCarthy
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 40, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - H Hayashi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S K Combs
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - C Foust
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - R García
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 40, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - N Panadero
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 40, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - E Pawelec
- Institute of Physics, Opole University, ul. Oleska 48, Opole 45-052, Poland
| | - J Hernández Sánchez
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 40, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - M Navarro
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 40, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - A Soleto
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 40, Madrid 28040, Spain
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