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Hampel KJ, Gerrard DL, Francis D, Armstrong J, Cameron M, Ostafin A, Mahoney B, Malik M, Sidiropoulos N. When False-Positives Arise: Troubleshooting a SARS-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Detection Assay on a Semi-Automated Platform. J Appl Lab Med 2024:jfae016. [PMID: 38507614 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfae016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, many molecular diagnostic laboratories performed high-throughput SARS-CoV-2 testing often with implementation of automated workflows. In parallel, vaccination campaigns resulted increasingly in specimens from fully vaccinated patients, with resultant clinical inquiries regarding positive results in this patient population. This prompted a quality improvement initiative to investigate the semi-automated testing workflow for false-positive results. The troubleshooting workflow is described and procedural improvements are outlined that serve as a resource for other molecular diagnostic laboratories that need to overcome testing anomalies in a semi-automated environment. METHODS This workflow utilized the MagMax-96 Viral RNA kit and the CDC 2019-nCoV RT-qPCR Panel on the Agilent Bravo Liquid-Handler (Bravo). Screening of the environment, personnel, and the mechanical performance of instrumentation using low Ct checkerboard challenges was executed to identify sources of cross-contamination. Evaluation of the assay and reporting design was conducted. RESULTS Specimen contamination was observed during the viral extraction process on the Bravo. Changes to the program reduced plate contamination by 50% and importantly revealed consistent hallmarks of contaminated samples. We adjusted the reporting algorithm using these indicators of false positives. False positives that were identified made up 0.11% of the 45 000+ tests conducted over the following 8 months. CONCLUSIONS These adjustments provided confident and quality results while maintaining turnaround time for patients and pandemic-related public health initiatives. This corrected false-positive rate is concordant with previously published studies from diagnostic laboratories utilizing automated systems and may be considered a laboratory performance standard for this type of testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth J Hampel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Diana L Gerrard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Denise Francis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Jordan Armstrong
- Technical Assistance Center for Biotek Products, Agilent Technologies Inc., Winooski, VT, United States
| | - Margaret Cameron
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Alexa Ostafin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Briege Mahoney
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Miles Malik
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Nikoletta Sidiropoulos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, United States
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2
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Sahota A, Barbary R, Cameron M, Stewart AM, Sahota O. Safety of zoledronate in older patients at high risk of fracture with reduced renal function. Osteoporos Int 2022; 33:1823-1824. [PMID: 35599255 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-022-06427-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Sahota
- Medical School, George Davies Centre, University of Leicester, Lancaster Rd, Leicester, UK
| | - R Barbary
- East Bridgford Medical Centre, Nottinghamshire Healthcare, Nottingham, UK
| | - M Cameron
- Depart HCOP, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - A-M Stewart
- East Bridgford Medical Centre, Nottinghamshire Healthcare, Nottingham, UK
| | - O Sahota
- Depart HCOP, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.
- The Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.
- Division of Rehabilitation, Ageing and Wellbeing, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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Makamu-Beteck SJ, Moss SJ, Cameron M, Watson FG. The influence of clinic care on perceptions and knowledge of non-communicable diseases and physical activity from a low-resourced community: a mixed-method study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:673. [PMID: 35392866 PMCID: PMC8988362 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13097-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Health promotion for the management of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is an integral part of standard care in South Africa. Most persons presenting with NCDs utilise public primary health care centres for disease management. This mixed-methods study aimed at expanding current understanding of the the influence of standard clinic care (usual care) on perceptions and knowledge of risk factors for NCDs and physical activity (PA) among persons from a low-resourced community. Qualitatively the perceptions of women from a low-resourced community about risk factors for NCDs and PA were explored throughout 24-weeks of standard clinic care. Parallel quantitative data was collected to describe changes in risk factors for NCDs and trends in self-reported knowledge about risk factors of NCDs and PA. Method A convergent-parallel mixed-methods research design was used. The study was carried out in a public primary health care setting, in the North West Province, South Africa. From a convenience sample of 100 participants, 77 African women aged between 34 and 79 years were recruited for the study. Data were collected at three time-points including baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks of a standard clinic care health-promotion programme. The qualitative data was collected during focus group discussions, and the quantitative data included questionnaires on knowledge of physical activity and risk factors for NCDs as well as anthropometric and biological measurements. Qualitative and quantitative data were analysed independently for each phase and then consolidated for interpretation. All data was collected in the same setting. Results Participants' initial understanding and perceptions of NCD risk factors were poor. Qualitative findings showed that participants knew little about the specific physical activity they could engage in and the role of PA in NCD management. Participants preferred low-intensity activities. Heart-disease knowledge improved significantly at 12 weeks intervention compared to baseline MD = -3.655, p < 0.001. There were improvements in PA knowledge at 12 weeks from baseline MD = -0.625 p = 0.02. There were significant weight (MD = 1.420, p = 0.002) and waist circumference reductions (MD = 0.621, p = 0.02) from baseline to 24 weeks. Conclusion Standard clinic care improved knowledge of physical activity and risk factors for NCDs, but perceptions of risk factors for NCDs and PA were unchanged. This study offers insight into the perceptions held by women from a low-resource setting and how future interventions to manage and prevent NCDs should be structured. Trial registration PACTR201609001771813.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Makamu-Beteck
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2531, South Africa
| | - S J Moss
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2531, South Africa.
| | - M Cameron
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2531, South Africa.,School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, 4305, Australia
| | - F G Watson
- Qulaity in Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2531, South Africa
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Wahinya PK, Oddy VH, Dominik S, Brown DJ, Macleay CA, Paganoni B, Thompson AN, Donaldson AJ, Austin K, Cameron M, van der Werf JHJ. Genetic parameters for methane emissions in Australian sheep measured in portable accumulation chambers in grazing and controlled environments. Anim Prod Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/an21270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Cameron M, Ashikodi E, Wang I, Dhir N, Junejo S, Agrawal S, Baig M. Ct Coronary Angiography Guides Management Of Patients With Stable Angina Irrespective Of Pre-test Probability (PTP) According To NICE/ESC Guidelines. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2021.06.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Cameron M, Wang I, Ashikodi E, Dhir N, Raja Y, Baig M. CT coronary angiography in Selected Group of patients with Chest pain of new onset predicts and prevents hospital admissions & Outpatient Clinic referrals. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab061.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction
NICE (National Institute of Clinical Excellence) guidelines currently recommend the use of CT coronary Angiogram (CTCA) as the initial test to investigate coronary artery disease in patients with new onset of chest pain.
Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between the CT coronary angiogram findings on index presentation, and hospital admissions and re-referral to outpatient clinics in following 2 years.
Method
Data was accrued via a retrospective analysis of electronic medical records at Sunderland Royal Hospital pertaining to patients who presented to the Rapid Access Chest Pain Clinic (RACPC) and underwent CTCA in 2017.Data included:
Presentation – Typical & atypical angina
Risk factors profile
Investigations including ECG, ECHO, CTCA, perfusion scan and invasive coronary angiography
Severity of coronary artery lesion on CTCA
Hospital admissions or re-referral to outpatient clinics in 2 year follow up
Results
In the 235 patients studied, mean age was 56 years with 130 (55.5%) men and 195 (82.9%) presented with atypical angina as shown in table.
Out of 195 patients with atypical chest pain only 17 (8.7%) were diabetics and most of them 178 (91%) had Coronary Calcium score of 1-400. Most patients (184) underwent CT coronary angiogram with 39 (21%) having normal coronary arteries, 126 (68%) with mild to moderate coronary artery disease and 19 (11%) with severe coronary artery disease. Subsequent assessments with invasive coronary angiography, myocardial perfusion scan and Treadmill exercise did not reveal significant disease warranting coronary revascularization.
Patients with normal or mild -moderate CAD on CTCA 24 (15%) represented with acute chest pain (only one needed PCI) and 6 (3.5%) were referred to outpatient clinics over 2 years follow up. In patients with severe CAD on CTCA, 6 (32%) presented with acute chest pain and 4 (21%) needed PCI. Almost all patients were treated with statins and antiplatelets following CTCA results.
Conclusion
CT coronary angiography is sensitive and specific in assessment of hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease in non-diabetic patients presenting with angina in outpatient setting.
CTCA in patients with normal or mild to moderate CAD also gives confidence to the clinician and prevents further un-necessary investigation and hospital admissions/outpatient referrals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cameron
- Sunderland Royal Hospital, Sunderland, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - I Wang
- Sunderland Royal Hospital, Sunderland, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - E Ashikodi
- Sunderland Royal Hospital, Sunderland, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - N Dhir
- Sunderland Royal Hospital, Sunderland, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - Y Raja
- Sunderland Royal Hospital, Sunderland, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - M Baig
- Sunderland Royal Hospital, Sunderland, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
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Cameron M, Al M, Jain A, De Silva R. 935 Stridor in Multiple System Atrophy: An Otolaryngologist Perspective. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Bilateral vocal cord paralysis is a rare emergency presentation for Parkinson's disease (PD) but an acknowledged complication of an atypical rarer form of PD called Multi system atrophy ( MSA). MSA is a neurodegenerative disorder comprising of autononic failure, cerebellar ataxia and parkinsonism. An early occurence of stridor can indicate a shorten survival and quality of life remains uncertain. Airway definitive management of this patient group can pose a dilemma for the Otolaryngologist who may be asked to provide a specialist opinion.
Case: We present a case of a 73 year old female who developed mild stridor, hours after an emergency right sided hemiarthroplasty. On day 23 of her admission, there was a sudden airway deteoriation. The otolaryngology and anasthetic emergency team stablised her conservatively with an option of non invasive ventilation. Bilateral vocal cord palsy was observed on nasendoscopy On day 27, she was eventually diagnosed with MSA and showed partial response to a trial of madopar. Both options of a tracheostomy and laser cordotomy were avoided. She was safely discharged with follow up.
Conclusions
There remains gaps in the literature towards an unaminous consensus on stridor management in MSA patients. However, raising awareness of this patient groups will strenghten decision making processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cameron
- Queens Hospital, Romford, United Kingdom
| | - M Al
- Queens Hospital, Romford, United Kingdom
| | - A Jain
- Queens Hospital, Romford, United Kingdom
| | - R De Silva
- Queens Hospital, Romford, United Kingdom
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DeMeo D, Richardson B, Golden J, Young A, Al-Kindi S, Cameron M, McCormick T, Cooper K. 663 Psoriasis patients with subclinical atherosclerosis parse into distinct endotypes by differential gene expression. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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9
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Golden J, Richardson B, Cartwright M, Young A, McCormick T, Cooper K, Cameron M. 704 Transcriptomic immune sensors and endotype modeling in psoriasis via systems biology. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Jewell MT, Cameron M, McKenna SL, Cockram MS, Sanchez J, Keefe GP. Relationships between type of hoof lesion and behavioral signs of lameness in Holstein cows housed in Canadian tiestall facilities. J Dairy Sci 2020; 104:937-946. [PMID: 33189286 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although foot pain can affect gait, the presence of a hoof lesion may or may not cause the cow to show visible changes in their gait. This can be dependent on the type and severity of the lesion; for example, the presence of a sole ulcer (SU) has been associated with increased gait scores, whereas digital dermatitis (DD) and sole hemorrhage (SH) have not. In tiestall facilities, gait scoring can be difficult to perform. An alternative method, known as stall lameness scoring (SLS), allows observers to assess cattle for lameness while they remain in their stall. Lameness is determined based on behavioral changes in weight bearing and foot positioning, which include: shifting weight, resting a foot, standing on the edge of the stall, and uneven weight bearing when stepping side to side. The aim of this study was to examine relationships between hoof lesions and these behavioral indicators. A total of 557 observations of SLS and corresponding hoof trimming records, collected during routine trimming events on 7 tiestall herds, were obtained. Trimming was performed by 2 trained hoof trimmers with good agreement on lesion identification, based on quizzes taken at the beginning and mid-way through the study. To ensure trimming had no effect on the behavioral indicators observed, SLS was always performed by a trained observer before trimming. Behavioral indicators focused on the hind limbs only; therefore, the analysis was confined to hind limb lesions using logistic regression to detect the presence of hoof lesion based on observations made during SLS. Seventy-five percent of observed cows had no SLS behavioral indicators, whereas, 11, 12, and 1% had 1, 2, and 3 behavioral indicators, respectively. At least one hind limb lesion was noted during trimming in 19% of cows, with the most common lesions being DD (7%), SU (6%), and SH (4%). A cow that was observed resting one foot and bearing weight unevenly when moving side to side had higher odds of having a hind limb hoof lesion than a cow not displaying these behaviors. When looking at specific hoof lesions, a cow observed resting one limb and bearing weight unevenly had higher odds of having a SU compared with those not displaying these behaviors. A cow observed shifting their weight from one foot to another had higher odds of having SH, and a cow observed bearing weight unevenly had higher odds of DD. Behavioral indicators in weight bearing and foot positioning can help identify cows in tiestalls with hind limb hoof lesions. Producers could routinely observe their cattle for these indicators to assist in the identification of cows that may require treatment. This could help reduce the duration of clinical lameness through earlier intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Jewell
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3.
| | - M Cameron
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - S L McKenna
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - M S Cockram
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - J Sanchez
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - G P Keefe
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
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Bhutani T, Deleuran M, Fonacier L, Shi V, Shumack S, Biswas P, Cameron M, Chan G, Valdez H, Yin N. P551 EFFECTIVE MAINTENANCE OF RESPONSE IN ATOPIC DERMATITIS PATIENTS AFTER SWITCHING FROM DUPILUMAB TO ABROCITINIB (JADE-EXTEND). Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.08.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Jenkyn I, Patel K, Jenkyn C, Basyuni S, Talukder S, Cameron M. Analysis of the frequency of bacteraemia of dental origin implicated in infective endocarditis in patients requiring valve surgery. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 59:329-334. [PMID: 33293181 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.08.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the frequency of bacteraemia of dental origin that is implicated in severe infective endocarditis (IE) will further our understanding of the disease's pathoaetiology and help us take steps to reduce its prevalence. A total of 78 patients from the Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, who had valve surgery due to IE (as confirmed by the Modified Duke Criteria) were included. Case notes were retrospectively reviewed for microorganisms that were implicated in the bacteraemia and IE. Associated factors were also recorded to determine whether they were different if a dental or non-dental pathogen was inoculated. A dental pathogen was implicated in 24 of the patients with IE; 20 had non-dental pathogens, and 30 were culture negative. This was not deemed statistically significant (p=0.54). Of the associated factors, only smoking was statistically significant with a greater proportion of non-smokers having bacteraemia of dental origin (p=0.03). No other associated factor was appreciably different based on the aetiology of the microorganism. Our results indicate that dental pathogens are not more likely to cause severe IE. We therefore advocate the stance adopted by the current national guidance on the judicious prescription of antibiotic prophylaxis for IE with regard to dental procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - C Jenkyn
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry
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13
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John EE, Keefe G, Cameron M, Stryhn H, McClure JT. Development and implementation of a risk assessment and management program for enzootic bovine leukosis in Atlantic Canada. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:8398-8406. [PMID: 32684477 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 30 yr, the prevalence of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection has increased in North America, including Atlantic Canada, at both the herd and individual cow levels. This has occurred despite increased awareness of the disease and its deleterious effects and despite implementation of management practices aimed at reducing disease transmission. Our objectives were to identify risk factors associated with the within-herd prevalence of BLV-infected cows by using a risk assessment and management program workbook, as well as to determine the current level of BLV prevalence in the Atlantic Canada region. We hypothesized that previously established risk factors, including management practices associated with calf rearing and fly control, would affect within-herd BLV prevalence. Bulk tank milk (BTM) samples were collected in January and April of 2016 and again during the same months in 2017 and 2018 from all dairy farms shipping milk in the region. Samples were tested with ELISA for levels of anti-BLV antibodies to estimate within-herd prevalence. Regional BLV prevalence at the herd level was 88.39% of dairy herds infected in 2016 and 89.30% in 2018. All dairy farms shipping milk and who had BTM samples collected in 2017 (n = 605) were eligible to participate in the risk assessment and management program questionnaire (RAMP), which was developed and distributed to all bovine veterinarians in Atlantic Canada. One hundred and six RAMP were returned, with representation from all 4 provinces. The RAMP results were combined with the mean BTM ELISA results, and univariable logistic regression followed by multivariable logistic regression was performed to investigate the association between RAMP risk factors and the estimated within-herd BLV prevalence. Factors in the multivariable model significantly associated with the odds of a herd being classified as >25% estimated within-herd prevalence included history of diagnosis of clinical BLV and calves receiving colostrum from cows with unknown BLV status. Differences in within-herd prevalence were not associated with hypodermic needle and injection practices, rectal sleeve practices, or using bulls for natural breeding, based on these 106 dairy farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E John
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada C1A 4P3.
| | - G Keefe
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada C1A 4P3
| | - M Cameron
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada C1A 4P3
| | - H Stryhn
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada C1A 4P3
| | - J T McClure
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada C1A 4P3
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Salem I, Schrom K, Chu S, Retuerto M, Richardson B, Margvicius S, Cameron M, Ghannoum M, McCormick T, Cooper K. 362 Psoriatic fungal and bacterial microbiomes identify patient endotypes. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Chu S, Damiani G, Richardson B, Gao X, Cameron M, McCormick T, Cooper K. 010 Correlation of psoriasis severity with burden of disease cost in psoriatic patients. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Birch GF, Lee JH, Tanner E, Fortune J, Munksgaard N, Whitehead J, Coughanowr C, Agius J, Chrispijn J, Taylor U, Wells F, Bellas J, Besada V, Viñas L, Soares-Gomes A, Cordeiro RC, Machado W, Santelli RE, Vaughan M, Cameron M, Brooks P, Crowe T, Ponti M, Airoldi L, Guerra R, Puente A, Gómez AG, Zhou GJ, Leung KMY, Steinberg P. Sediment metal enrichment and ecological risk assessment of ten ports and estuaries in the World Harbours Project. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 155:111129. [PMID: 32469765 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ten global harbours were assessed for sediment quality by quantifying the magnitude of anthropogenic change and ecological risk. Anthropogenic change (enrichment) was high for Derwent River and Sydney estuary, moderate for Santander Harbour, Rio de Janeiro and Dublin Port, slight for Hong Kong, minimal for Darwin. All 10 enrichment indices used showed similar results. Derwent River sediment was rated at high ecological risk, followed by Sydney and Santander estuaries with moderate risk. Auckland and Darwin sediments exhibited minimal ecological risk and sediment in the remaining harbours (Dublin, Hong Kong, Ravenna, Ria de Vigo and Rio de Janeiro) were assessed at slight ecological risk. The extraordinary variety of environments and types/quantities/qualities of data investigated resulted in as much a critique and development of methodology, as an assessment of human impact, including unique techniques for elemental normalisation and contaminant classification. Recommendations for an improved technical framework for sediment quality assessment are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Birch
- School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - J-H Lee
- School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Lotsearch, 3/68 Alfred Street, Milsons Point, NSW, 2061, Australia
| | - E Tanner
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW, Australia
| | - J Fortune
- Aquatic Health Unit, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - N Munksgaard
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods (RIEL), Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - J Whitehead
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - C Coughanowr
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - J Agius
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - J Chrispijn
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - U Taylor
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - F Wells
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - J Bellas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, 36390, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - V Besada
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, 36390, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - L Viñas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, 36390, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - A Soares-Gomes
- Federal Fluminense University, Marine Biology Department, Valonguinho Campus, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - R C Cordeiro
- Federal Fluminense University, Geochemistry Department, Valonguinho Campus, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - W Machado
- Federal Fluminense University, Geochemistry Department, Valonguinho Campus, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - R E Santelli
- Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Chemistry Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - M Vaughan
- Research and evaluation unit, Auckland Council, New Zealand
| | - M Cameron
- Research and evaluation unit, Auckland Council, New Zealand
| | - P Brooks
- UCD Earth Institute and School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T Crowe
- UCD Earth Institute and School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Ponti
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - L Airoldi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - R Guerra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Interdepartmental Research Centre of Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - A Puente
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria Avda. Isabel Torres, 15, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - A G Gómez
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria Avda. Isabel Torres, 15, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - G J Zhou
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - K M Y Leung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - P Steinberg
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW, Australia
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17
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Oviedo GR, Tamulevicius N, Onagbiye SO, Phidza M, Sedumedi C, Cameron M, Moss SJ. Quality of life, physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in black African women: B-Healthy project. Qual Life Res 2019; 29:987-997. [PMID: 31773446 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-019-02368-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the associations between physical activity (PA), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in black African women from a low socioeconomic community in South Africa. METHODS Black African women (n = 146) aged 35-75 years from a low socioeconomic community in South Africa participated in this study. We measured PA levels via ActiHeart® accelerometers, and CRF by measuring peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2 peak). HRQoL was assessed once with the SF-8 Health Survey (SF-8). Participants were classified into groups based on age, moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), and V̇O2 peak. Logistic regressions were used to compare the odds of having total HRQoL component scores above reported norms across PA and fitness groups. Two multiple linear regression models were developed using physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) as response variables respectively. RESULTS V̇O2 peak and MVPA varied considerably across the sample and declined with increasing age. Participants in higher quartiles of MVPA and CRF showed trends to higher PCS scores. For CRF these trends were statistically significant, and persisted after adjustment for age and other possible confounders (p = 0.036). PCS was significantly associated with age, relative V̇O2 peak, and income (all p < 0.05), while MCS was associated with income (p = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS CRF is the most significant predictor, together with age and income, on the PCS of the HRQoL among black African women. We recommend that when seeking improvements in HRQoL, interventions should focus on improving CRF, particularly V̇O2 peak.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Oviedo
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation Research Focus Area, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa. .,Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Science Blanquerna, University Ramon Llull, 34 Cister Street, 08022, Barcelona, Spain. .,Blanquerna School of Health Science, University Ramon Llull, 08025, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - N Tamulevicius
- Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, College of Natural and Health Sciences, The University of Tampa, Tampa, FL, 33606, USA
| | - S O Onagbiye
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation Research Focus Area, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.,School of Public Health, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M Phidza
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation Research Focus Area, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - C Sedumedi
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation Research Focus Area, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - M Cameron
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation Research Focus Area, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.,School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD, 4305, Australia
| | - S J Moss
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation Research Focus Area, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
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Cameron M, Golden J, Richardson B, Damiani G, Ali M, Young A, Nichols C, Ward N, McCormick T, Cooper K. 094 Integration of multi-omic data identifies psoriasis endotypes correlating with clinical and immunological phenotypes. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Chandler B, Ritter C, Moubadder L, Cameron M, Androsiglio M, Nyati S, Liu M, Olsen E, Pierce L, Chinnaiyan A, Speers C. Inhibition of TTK As a Novel Radiosensitization Target in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer That Acts through Impaired Homologous Recombination Repair Efficiency. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Van Heertum K, Lam L, Cartwright M, Richardson B, Cameron M, Mesiano S, Weinerman R. RNA-SEQ reveals cumulative changes in gene expression following blastocyst vitrification and biopsy. Fertil Steril 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.02.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Jewell MT, Cameron M, Spears J, McKenna SL, Cockram MS, Sanchez J, Keefe GP. Prevalence of hock, knee, and neck skin lesions and associated risk factors in dairy herds in the Maritime Provinces of Canada. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:3376-3391. [PMID: 30738676 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Skin lesions are commonly seen in dairy herds and have been associated with animal-, environmental-, and management factors. These lesions are not only a welfare concern, but they also affect profitability. Three areas on the cattle were examined for skin lesions: the hock, knee, and neck. Previous Canadian studies estimating the prevalence of lesions and the risk factors associated with them have not included the Maritime Provinces. In this study, 73 herds in the Maritime Provinces were chosen voluntarily to participate, with both tiestalls (n = 33) and freestalls (n = 40) represented. Within each herd, 67 to 90% of the lactating cows were selected and assessed for potential animal-, environmental-, and management-based risk factors. If producers were aware of the potential risk factors, this could help them reduce the prevalence in their herd. Leg lesions were scored on a 4-point scale (0-3) based on hair loss, swelling, and scabs, with a lesion defined as a score of 2 or 3 on at least 1 hock or knee. Necks were scored on a 3-point scale (0-2), with a lesion defined as score 2. For freestalls, the prevalence (95% confidence interval) of hock lesions was 39% (29-49%), knee lesions was 14% (11-18%), and neck lesions was 1% (<1-2%). Similarly, for tiestalls the prevalence (95% confidence interval) of hock lesions was 39% (33-46%), knee lesions was 17% (13-22%), and neck lesions was 5% (3-8%). Due to differences in management and methods of assessment between facility types, tiestalls and freestalls were analyzed separately. Due to dichotomization of cows as having a skin lesion or not, random-effects multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors for each lesion and facility type. Several environmental-based measurements, such as the stall base, type and dryness of bedding, and type of milking parlor, were associated with leg lesions. An environmental-based measurement that was associated with neck lesions was the design of the feed rail barrier in freestalls and the dimensions of the tie rail in tiestalls. Animal-based risk factors, such as stage of lactation, parity, and body condition, were also associated with all 3 types of lesions. This study showed that lesions to the hock, knee, and neck were common in the Maritime Provinces of Canada. Although differences were seen between facility types, in general, the results suggest that improving stall design and management and feed bunk design would help producers reduce the number of skin lesions seen in dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Jewell
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3.
| | - M Cameron
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - J Spears
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - S L McKenna
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - M S Cockram
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - J Sanchez
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - G P Keefe
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
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Jewell MT, Cameron M, Spears J, McKenna SL, Cockram MS, Sanchez J, Keefe GP. Prevalence of lameness and associated risk factors on dairy farms in the Maritime Provinces of Canada. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:3392-3405. [PMID: 30738672 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lameness in dairy cattle is a major issue for the industry due to the effects on the welfare of the animal, the economic impact, and consumer perception. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of lameness and explore potential risk factors in the Maritime Provinces of Canada. Cows were scored for lameness and potential risk factors and were assessed in 46 freestall herds and 33 tiestall herds in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island. In freestall herds, lameness was assessed using the most common method, locomotion scoring. A cow with a gait score of ≥3 out of 5 was considered to be lame. In tiestall herds, lameness was assessed using an alternative method known as stall lameness scoring. This assessment consisted of observation of the cow for 4 behavioral changes: standing on the edge of the stall, shifting weight, resting a limb, and uneven weight bearing when moved side to side. A cow displaying 2 or more of these behaviors was considered to be lame. At the time of the assessment, other animal-, environmental-, and management-based measurements were collected. These measurements were used in multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine risk factors that were associated with lameness for both freestalls and tiestalls independently. The prevalence of lameness was 21% for freestall-housed cattle and 15% for tiestall-housed cattle. Of the 1,488 tiestall-housed cows that were assessed, 68% showed no behavioral changes, whereas 15, 15, 2, and <1% showed 1, 2, 3, or 4 changes, respectively. In freestalls, higher odds of lameness were seen when cows spent ≥3 h/d in the holding area for milking compared with those that spent <3 h/d. In tiestall herds, higher odds of lameness were seen when bedding material was wet compared with when it was dry. For both lactating cow facility types, housing the dry cows and heifers on a deep bedded pack compared with tiestalls or freestalls was associated with a decreased odds of lameness. There were also many cow-level variables associated with lameness, including parity, daily milk production, stage of production, body condition, and width at the tuber coxae (hook bones). If producers become aware of the risk factors associated with lameness, they can make informed decisions on where to implement changes to help reduce the level of lameness in their herd.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Jewell
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3.
| | - M Cameron
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - J Spears
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - S L McKenna
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - M S Cockram
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - J Sanchez
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - G P Keefe
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3
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Bond JJ, Cameron M, Donaldson AJ, Austin KL, Harden S, Robinson DL, Oddy VH. Aspects of digestive function in sheep related to phenotypic variation in methane emissions. Anim Prod Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an17141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ruminant livestock contribute to atmospheric methane (CH4) from enteric microbial fermentation of feed in the reticulo-rumen. Our research aimed to increase understanding of how digestive characteristics and rumen anatomy of the host animal contribute to variation in CH4 emissions between individual sheep. In total, 64 ewes were used in an incomplete block experiment with four experimental test periods (blocks). Ewes were chosen to represent the diversity of phenotypic variation in CH4 emissions: there were at least 10 offspring from each of four sires and a range of liveweights. Throughout the experiment, the ewes were fed equal parts of lucerne and oaten chaff, twice daily, at 1.5 times the maintenance requirements. Daily CH4 emission (g/day) increased significantly (P < 0.001) with an increasing dry-matter intake (DMI) and reticulo-rumen volume (P < 0.001). Lower methane yield (g CH4/kg DMI) was associated with shorter mean retention times of liquid (r = 0.59; P < 0.05) and particle (r = 0.63; P < 0.05) phases of the digesta in the rumen. Significant between sire variation was observed in CH4 emissions and in rumen volume (P = 0.02), the masses of liquids (P = 0.009) and particles (P < 0.03) in the rumen and the proportion of gas in the dorsal sac of the rumen (P = 0.008). The best predictors of variation in CH4 emissions due to the host were DMI, CO2 emissions, rumen volume, liveweight, mean retention time of particles in the rumen, dorsal papillae density and the proportion of liquid in the contents of the rumen compartments.
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Oddy VH, Donaldson AJ, Cameron M, Bond J, Dominik S, Robinson DL. Variation in methane production over time and physiological state in sheep. Anim Prod Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an17447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Livestock produce 10% of the total CO2-equivalent greenhouse gases in Australia, predominantly as methane from rumen fermentation. Genetic selection has the potential to reduce emissions and be adopted in Australian grazing systems. Developing a breeding objective for reduced methane emissions requires information about heritability, genetic relationships, when best to measure the trait and knowledge of the annual production of methane. Among- and within-animal variation in methane production, methane yield and associated traits were investigated, so as to determine the optimal time of measurement and the relationship between that measurement and the total production of methane. The present study measured 96 ewes for methane production, liveweight, feed intake, rumen volume and components, and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production and composition. Measurements were recorded at three ages and different physiological states, including growing (12 months), dry and pregnant (21 months) and dry (non-pregnant, non-lactating; 28 months of age). The single biggest determinant of methane production was feed intake, but there were additional effects of age, proportion of propionate to (acetate+butyrate) in rumen VFA, total VFA concentration and CO2 flux. Rumen volume and pregnancy status also significantly affected methane production. Methane production, CO2 flux, liveweight, feed intake and rumen volume had high repeatability (>65%), but repeatability of methane yield and VFA traits were low (<20%). There were no interactions between sire and age (or pregnancy status) for methane traits. This suggests that methane could be measured at any time in the production cycle. However, because MY is reduced during pregnancy, it might be best to measure methane traits in dry ewes (neither pregnant nor lactating).
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25
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Elsohaby I, McClure JT, Waite LA, Cameron M, Heider LC, Keefe GP. Using serum and plasma samples to assess failure of transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves. J Dairy Sci 2018; 102:567-577. [PMID: 30415862 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the differences in IgG and total protein (TP) content of serum and plasma samples collected from the same calves; (2) to evaluate the correlation between calf serum and plasma IgG levels, Brix scores, and TP concentrations; (3) to determine whether different cut-off values should be used for plasma and serum to assess failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) in dairy calves; and (4) to evaluate the level of agreement between results obtained from using serum and plasma samples of the same calves to assess FTPI using optimal cut-off values. Blood samples (n = 217) were collected from Holstein calves at 3 to 10 d of age on 30 commercial dairy farms in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, Canada. Paired serum and plasma samples were analyzed for IgG concentration by the reference radial immunodiffusion assay, transmission infrared (TIR) spectroscopy, digital and optical Brix refractometers, and optical TP refractometer. The IgG concentrations measured by RID and TIR spectroscopy in serum were similar to those in plasma. However, the Brix and TP refractometer readings were significantly higher in plasma than in serum. The prevalence of FTPI in serum and plasma samples based on a RID-IgG concentration <10 g/L was 43.3 and 46.5%, respectively. The RID-IgG concentration was correlated with TIR-IgG (r = 0.92 and 0.89), digital Brix (r = 0.80 and 0.80), optical Brix (r = 0.77 and 0.77), and optical TP (r = 0.75 and 0.77) refractometers in serum and plasma, respectively. The correlations between paired serum and plasma IgG content were 0.85 by TIR spectroscopy, 0.80 by digital Brix, 0.77 by optical Brix, and 0.79 by optical TP refractometer. The optimal cut-off values for TIR spectroscopy, digital Brix, optical Brix, and TP refractometers to assess FTPI using serum were 13.1 g/L, 8.7% Brix, 8.4% Brix and 5.1 g/dL, respectively; and the optimal cut-off values with plasma were 13.4 g/L, 9.4% Brix, 9.3% Brix and 5.8 g/dL, respectively. When using these optimal cut-off values, the level of agreement (88.1%) between results derived from testing serum and plasma by TIR spectroscopy was substantial, with a kappa (κ) value of 0.76. The results derived from testing serum and plasma by digital Brix refractometer showed substantial agreement (83.4%), with a κ value of 0.65, which is higher than the agreement and κ value (74.7% and 0.51) reported for the optical Brix refractometer. Substantial agreement (81.6%) between serum and plasma TP was also obtained when using the optical TP refractometer, with a κ value of 0.63. In conclusion, serum or plasma samples can be used interchangeably for measuring IgG concentrations and assessing FTPI in dairy calves. However, different cut-offs must be used to assess FTPI depending on the sample matrix. Furthermore, results obtained from serum samples showed higher agreement with the reference RID assay than those obtained from plasma samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Elsohaby
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada C1A 4P3; Department of Animal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City 44511, Sharkia Province, Egypt.
| | - J T McClure
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada C1A 4P3
| | - L A Waite
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada C1A 4P3
| | - M Cameron
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada C1A 4P3
| | - L C Heider
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada C1A 4P3
| | - G P Keefe
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada C1A 4P3
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Mediouni S, Jablonski JA, Tsuda S, Richard A, Kessing C, Andrade MV, Biswas A, Even Y, Tellinghuisen T, Choe H, Cameron M, Stevenson M, Valente ST. Potent suppression of HIV-1 cell attachment by Kudzu root extract. Retrovirology 2018; 15:64. [PMID: 30236131 PMCID: PMC6149077 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-018-0446-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a constant need to improve antiretrovirals against HIV since therapy is limited by cost, side effects and the emergence of drug resistance. Kudzu is a climbing vine from which the root extract (Pueraria lobata), rich in isoflavones and saponins, has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine for a variety of purposes, from weight loss to alcoholism prevention. Here we show that Kudzu root extract significantly inhibits HIV-1 entry into cell lines, primary human CD4+T lymphocytes and macrophages, without cell-associated toxicity. Specifically, Kudzu inhibits the initial attachment of the viral particle to the cell surface, a mechanism that depends on the envelope glycoprotein gp120 but is independent from the HIV-1 cell receptor CD4 and co-receptors CXCR4/CCR5. This activity seems selective to lentiviruses since Kudzu inhibits HIV-2 and simian immunodeficiency virus, but does not interfere with Hepatitis C, Influenza, Zika Brazil and adenovirus infection. Importantly, depending on the dose, Kudzu can act synergistically or additively with the current antiretroviral cocktails against HIV-1 and can block viruses resistant to the fusion inhibitor Enfuvirtide. Together our results highlight Kudzu's root extract value as a supplement to current antiretroviral therapy against HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mediouni
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, 3C1, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - J A Jablonski
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, 3C1, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - S Tsuda
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, 3C1, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - A Richard
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, 3C1, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - C Kessing
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, 3C1, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - M V Andrade
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - A Biswas
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, 3C1, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Y Even
- The Botanist's Beach Farm, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - T Tellinghuisen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, 3C1, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA.,Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - H Choe
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, 3C1, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - M Cameron
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - M Stevenson
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - S T Valente
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, 3C1, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA.
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Xiang R, McNally J, Bond J, Tucker D, Cameron M, Donaldson AJ, Austin KL, Rowe S, Jonker A, Pinares-Patino CS, McEwan JC, Vercoe PE, Oddy VH, Dalrymple BP. Across-Experiment Transcriptomics of Sheep Rumen Identifies Expression of Lipid/Oxo-Acid Metabolism and Muscle Cell Junction Genes Associated With Variation in Methane-Related Phenotypes. Front Genet 2018; 9:330. [PMID: 30177952 PMCID: PMC6109778 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruminants are significant contributors to the livestock generated component of the greenhouse gas, methane (CH4). The CH4 is primarily produced by the rumen microbes. Although the composition of the diet and animal intake amount have the largest effect on CH4 production and yield (CH4 production/dry matter intake, DMI), the host also influences CH4 yield. Shorter rumen feed mean retention time (MRT) is associated with higher dry matter intake and lower CH4 yield, but the molecular mechanism(s) by which the host affects CH4 production remain unclear. We integrated rumen wall transcriptome data and CH4 phenotypes from two independent experiments conducted with sheep in Australia (AUS, n = 62) and New Zealand (NZ, n = 24). The inclusion of the AUS data validated the previously identified clusters and gene sets representing rumen epithelial, metabolic and muscular functions. In addition, the expression of the cell cycle genes as a group was consistently positively correlated with acetate and butyrate concentrations (p < 0.05, based on AUS and NZ data together). The expression of a group of metabolic genes showed positive correlations in both AUS and NZ datasets with CH4 production (p < 0.05) and yield (p < 0.01). These genes encode key enzymes in the ketone body synthesis pathway and included members of the poorly characterized aldo-keto reductase 1C (AKR1C) family. Several AKR1C family genes appear to have ruminant specific evolution patterns, supporting their specialized roles in the ruminants. Combining differential gene expression in the rumen wall muscle of the shortest and longest MRT AUS animals (no data available for the NZ animals) with correlation and network analysis, we identified a set of rumen muscle genes involved in cell junctions as potential regulators of MRT, presumably by influencing contraction rates of the smooth muscle component of the rumen wall. Higher rumen expression of these genes, including SYNPO (synaptopodin, p < 0.01) and NEXN (nexilin, p < 0.05), was associated with lower CH4 yield in both AUS and NZ datasets. Unlike the metabolic genes, the variations in the expression of which may reflect the availability of rumen metabolites, the muscle genes are currently our best candidates for causal genes that influence CH4 yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruidong Xiang
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Jody McNally
- F. D. McMaster Laboratory, CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Jude Bond
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Extensive Livestock Industries Centre, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - David Tucker
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Extensive Livestock Industries Centre, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Margaret Cameron
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Extensive Livestock Industries Centre, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Alistair J Donaldson
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Extensive Livestock Industries Centre, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Katie L Austin
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Extensive Livestock Industries Centre, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Suzanne Rowe
- Invermay Agricultural Centre, AgResearch Limited, Mosgiel, New Zealand
| | - Arjan Jonker
- Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Cesar S Pinares-Patino
- Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,New Zealand-Peru Dairy Support Project, MINAGRI, Lima, Peru
| | - John C McEwan
- Invermay Agricultural Centre, AgResearch Limited, Mosgiel, New Zealand
| | - Phil E Vercoe
- School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - V H Oddy
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Extensive Livestock Industries Centre, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Brian P Dalrymple
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
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Cameron M, Tan J, McLellan C, O'Neil AI, Reed A, Henderin C, Dellavalle RP, Boyal S. Development of Patient Decision Aids for Plaque Psoriasis and Acne. Dermatol Online J 2018; 24:13030/qt6z27q8bq. [PMID: 30261566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite proven benefits in other medical specialties, there is a paucity of patient decision aids (PDAs) in dermatology. The present study developed online PDAs for acne and psoriasis, incorporating iterative patient and physician feedback, in accordance with International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS). DESIGN AND METHOD Content was adapted from clinical practice guidelines and primary research and formatted for an 8th grade reading level. Feedback on content and format was obtained through focus groups with 15 psoriasis patients and survey with 34 acne patients. Feedback on presentation and clinical utility of the PDAs was gathered by survey from 51 physicians in Canada and the United States. Each data collection stage informed further development. RESULTS Demand for decision support, and satisfaction with the PDAs was high among patients. Physicians were approving of content and expressed a strong interest in PDA use. CONCLUSION Patients and physicians approve of the PDAs' content, format, and intended use. Online PDAs allow accessibility for patients and may reduce barriers to use for physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cameron
- Windsor Clinical Research Inc. Windsor.
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Waters L, Cameron M, Padula MP, Marks DC, Johnson L. Refrigeration, cryopreservation and pathogen inactivation: an updated perspective on platelet storage conditions. Vox Sang 2018; 113:317-328. [PMID: 29441601 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Conventional storage of platelet concentrates limits their shelf life to between 5 and 7 days due to the risk of bacterial proliferation and the development of the platelet storage lesion. Cold storage and cryopreservation of platelets may facilitate extension of the shelf life to weeks and years, and may also provide the benefit of being more haemostatically effective than conventionally stored platelets. Further, treatment of platelet concentrates with pathogen inactivation systems reduces bacterial contamination and provides a safeguard against the risk of emerging and re-emerging pathogens. While each of these alternative storage techniques is gaining traction individually, little work has been done to examine the effect of combining treatments in an effort to further improve product safety and minimize wastage. This review aims to discuss the benefits of alternative storage techniques and how they may be combined to alleviate the problems associated with conventional platelet storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Waters
- Research & Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Alexandria, NSW, Australia.,School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - M Cameron
- Research & Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Alexandria, NSW, Australia.,School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - M P Padula
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - D C Marks
- Research & Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Alexandria, NSW, Australia
| | - L Johnson
- Research & Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Alexandria, NSW, Australia
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Pettersson-Klein AT, Izadi M, Ferreira DMS, Cervenka I, Correia JC, Martinez-Redondo V, Southern M, Cameron M, Kamenecka T, Agudelo LZ, Porsmyr-Palmertz M, Martens U, Lundgren B, Otrocka M, Jenmalm-Jensen A, Griffin PR, Ruas JL. Small molecule PGC-1α1 protein stabilizers induce adipocyte Ucp1 expression and uncoupled mitochondrial respiration. Mol Metab 2018; 9:28-42. [PMID: 29428596 PMCID: PMC5870114 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α1 (PGC-1α1) regulates genes involved in energy metabolism. Increasing adipose tissue energy expenditure through PGC-1α1 activation is potentially beneficial for systemic metabolism. Pharmacological PGC-1α1 activators could be valuable tools in the fight against obesity and metabolic disease. Finding such compounds has been challenging partly because PGC-1α1 is a transcriptional coactivator with no known ligand-binding properties. While, PGC-1α1 activation is regulated by several mechanisms, protein stabilization is a crucial limiting step due to its short half-life under unstimulated conditions. Methods We designed a cell-based high-throughput screening system to identify PGC-1α1 protein stabilizers. Positive hits were tested for their ability to induce endogenous PGC-1α1 protein accumulation and activate target gene expression in brown adipocytes. Select compounds were analyzed for their effects on global gene expression and cellular respiration in adipocytes. Results Among 7,040 compounds screened, we highlight four small molecules with high activity as measured by: PGC-1α1 protein accumulation, target gene expression, and uncoupled mitochondrial respiration in brown adipocytes. Conclusions We identify compounds that induce PGC-1α1 protein accumulation and show that this increases uncoupled respiration in brown adipocytes. This screening platform establishes the foundation for a new class of therapeutics with potential use in obesity and associated disorders. A high-throughput platform to identify PGC-1α1 activators. PGC-1α1 protein stabilizers work as activators in brown adipocytes. Small molecule PGC-1α1 activators induce Ucp1 expression and cellular respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Pettersson-Klein
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Izadi
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D M S Ferreira
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Cervenka
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J C Correia
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - V Martinez-Redondo
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Southern
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - M Cameron
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - T Kamenecka
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - L Z Agudelo
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Porsmyr-Palmertz
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - U Martens
- Science for Life Laboratory, RNAi Cell Screening Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Lundgren
- Science for Life Laboratory, RNAi Cell Screening Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Otrocka
- Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Jenmalm-Jensen
- Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P R Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - J L Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Zangari P, Palma P, Cotugno N, Rojo P, Tagarro A, Pepponi I, De Rossi A, Kuhn L, Pahwa S, Cameron M, Nastouli E, Watters S, Marceline AG, McCoy LE, Persaud D, Violari A, Chan M, Babiker AG, Foster C, Ananworanich J, Giaquinto C, Rossi P. Report from the First EPIICAL (Early-treated Perinatally HIV-infected Individuals: Improving Children's Actual Life with Novel Immunotherapeutic Strategies) General Assembly meeting, 9-11 November 2017, Rome, Italy. J Virus Erad 2018; 4:51-54. [PMID: 29568555 PMCID: PMC5851186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Zangari
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit in Congenital and Perinatal Infection, Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù (OPBG),
Rome,
Italy
| | - P Palma
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit in Congenital and Perinatal Infection, Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù (OPBG),
Rome,
Italy,Corresponding author: Paolo Palma,
Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO),
Research Unit in Congenital and Perinatal Infection,
Immune and Infectious Diseases Division,
Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù,
Piazza San’Onofrio,4,
Rome,
Italy
| | - N Cotugno
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit in Congenital and Perinatal Infection, Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù (OPBG),
Rome,
Italy
| | - P Rojo
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital 12 de Octubre,
Madrid,
Spain
| | - A Tagarro
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital 12 de Octubre,
Madrid,
Spain
| | - I Pepponi
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit in Congenital and Perinatal Infection, Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù (OPBG),
Rome,
Italy
| | - A De Rossi
- Section of Oncology and Immunology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology-DiSCOG, University of Padova, and Istituto Oncologico Veneto,
Padova,
Italy
| | - L Kuhn
- Gertrude H Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons and Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center,
New York, NY,
USA
| | - S Pahwa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miami Center for AIDS Research, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine,
Miami, FL,
USA
| | - M Cameron
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, Ohio,
USA
| | - E Nastouli
- Department of Virology, University College London Hospitals,
London,
UK
| | - S Watters
- Infection, Inflammation and Rheumatology Section, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health,
London,
UK
| | - AG Marceline
- Sorbonne University, UPMC University of Paris 6, Service de Virologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP,
Paris,
France
| | - LE McCoy
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London,
UK
| | - D Persaud
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine,
Baltimore, MA,
USA
| | - A Violari
- Perinatal Health Research Unit, University of Witwatersrand,
Johannesburg,
South Africa
| | - M Chan
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London,
UK
| | - AG Babiker
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London,
UK
| | - C Foster
- Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust,
London,
UK
| | - J Ananworanich
- Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine,
MA,
USA
| | - C Giaquinto
- Department of Women's and Child's Health, Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Padova and PENTA Foundation,
Padova,
Italy
| | - P Rossi
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit in Congenital and Perinatal Infection, Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù (OPBG),
Rome,
Italy
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Cameron M, Tan J, McLellan C, O'Neil AI, Reed A, Henderin C, Dellavalle RP, Boyal S. Development of Patient Decision Aids for Plaque Psoriasis and Acne. Dermatol Online J 2018. [DOI: 10.5070/d3247040916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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33
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Zangari P, Palma P, Cotugno N, Rojo P, Tagarro A, Pepponi I, De Rossi A, Kuhn L, Pahwa S, Cameron M, Nastouli E, Watters S, Marceline A, McCoy L, Persaud D, Violari A, Chan M, Babiker A, Foster C, Ananworanich J, Giaquinto C, Rossi P. Report from the First EPIICAL (Early-treated Perinatally HIV-infected Individuals: Improving Children's Actual Life with Novel Immunotherapeutic Strategies) General Assembly meeting, 9–11 November 2017, Rome, Italy. J Virus Erad 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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34
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Cameron M, Perry J, Middleton J, Chaffer M, Lewis J, Keefe G. Short communication: Evaluation of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and a custom reference spectra expanded database for the identification of bovine-associated coagulase-negative staphylococci. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:590-595. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Rhys Evans PH, Cameron M. Aural exostoses (surfer's ear) provide vital fossil evidence of an aquatic phase in Man's early evolution. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2017; 99:594-601. [PMID: 29022796 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2017.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
For over a century, otolaryngologists have recognised the condition of aural exostoses, but their significance and aetiology remains obscure, although they tend to be associated with frequent swimming and cold water immersion of the auditory canal. The fact that this condition is usually bilateral is predictable since both ears are immersed in water. However, why do exostoses only grow in swimmers and why do they grow in the deep bony meatus at two or three constant sites? Furthermore, from an evolutionary point of view, what is or was the purpose and function of these rather incongruous protrusions? In recent decades, paleoanthropological evidence has challenged ideas about early hominid evolution. In 1992 the senior author suggested that aural exostoses were evolved in early hominid Man for protection of the delicate tympanic membrane during swimming and diving by narrowing the ear canal in a similar fashion to other semiaquatic species. We now provide evidence for this theory and propose an aetiological explanation for the formation of exostoses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Cameron
- East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust , UK
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Canaday D, Richardson B, Pyles J, Wilkinson P, Boom W, Mayanja H, Cameron M. GENOMIC AND FUNCTIONAL CELLULAR RESPONSES IN HEAVILY TUBERCULOSIS-EXPOSED OLDER ADULTS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.1311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J. Pyles
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio,
| | - P. Wilkinson
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio,
| | - W.H. Boom
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio,
| | | | - M. Cameron
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio,
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Haryono R, Lawrence A, Cameron M. Awareness and influence of Health Star Ratings. Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2017.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Robinson DL, Cameron M, Donaldson AJ, Dominik S, Oddy VH. One-hour portable chamber methane measurements are repeatable and provide useful information on feed intake and efficiency. J Anim Sci 2017; 94:4376-4387. [PMID: 27898840 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016-0620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Feed intake (FI), live weight (LW), and ADG were recorded over 31 d in ninety-six 12-month-old ewes (progeny of 4 sires) given ad libitum access to chaffed lucerne/cereal hay. Methane (CH) and CO emissions of each ewe were measured for 40 to 60 min in portable accumulation chambers (PAC) and in respiration chambers (RC) over 22 h. Testing in RC increased the variability of FI on the test day and depressed the amount eaten from an average of 1,384 to 1,062 g/d; FI depression increased by 0.63 ± 0.24 percentage points for every kilogram of additional LW. Repeatabilities of PAC measurements were 0.76 (CH) and 0.81 (CO). After adjusting for LW and ADG, repeatabilities were 0.47 (PAC CH) and 0.43 (PAC CO). Daily FI measurements had similar repeatability (0.76 before and 0.42 after adjustment for LW and ADG). The PAC measurements were highly correlated with mean 31-d FI ( = 0.81 for both CH and CO). After adjustment for LW and ADG, PAC measurements were moderately correlated with residual feed intake (RFI; = 0.37 for CH, 0.31 for CO). The CH:CO ratio was also significantly correlated with mean 31-d FI ( = 0.52). After most of the ewes had given birth and raised lambs, repeat PAC measurements were available for 91 of the ewes at 2 years of age (with ad libitum access to the same feed). Correlations with the 2012 PAC measurements were 0.64 (CH) and 0.75 (CO). After adjusting 2014 PAC measurements for LW, correlations with RFI in 2012 were 0.34 (CH) and 0.33 (CO), with a clear relationship between sire means for RFI in 2012 and PAC CH adjusted for LW in 2014. These results suggest that PAC tests under similar feeding conditions are repeatable over an extended time period and can provide useful information on FI and feed efficiency as well as methane emissions. Analyses of RC measurements might need to consider FI depression.
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Cameron M, Barkema H, De Buck J, De Vliegher S, Chaffer M, Lewis J, Keefe G. Identification of bovine-associated coagulase-negative staphylococci by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry using a direct transfer protocol. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:2137-2147. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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40
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Lerch MLF, Dipuglia A, Cameron M, Fournier P, Davis J, Petasecca M, Cornelius I, Perevertaylo V, Rosenfeld AB. New 3D Silicon detectors for dosimetry in Microbeam Radiation Therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/777/1/012009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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41
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Cameron M, Robergs R. Man to female differences in laboratory measures of muscular power. J Sci Med Sport 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.01.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Elsohaby I, McClure JT, Cameron M, Heider LC, Keefe GP. Rapid assessment of bovine colostrum quality: How reliable are transmission infrared spectroscopy and digital and optical refractometers? J Dairy Sci 2016; 100:1427-1435. [PMID: 27988130 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of the transmission infrared (IR) spectroscopic method and digital and optical Brix refractometers for measurement of colostral IgG concentration and assessment of colostrum quality of dairy cows. Colostrum samples (n = 258) were collected from Holstein cows on 30 commercial dairy farms in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, Canada. Colostral IgG concentrations of 255 samples were measured by the reference radial immunodiffusion (RID) assay and IR spectroscopy. The Brix scores were determined on 240 of these samples using both the digital and optical Brix refractometers. Approximately half (48%) of the colostrum samples had RID IgG concentrations <50 g/L, which was the cut-point for poor quality. The correlation between RID and IR IgG concentrations was 0.88. The correlations between RID IgG concentration and Brix scores, as determined by the digital and optical refractometers, were 0.72 and 0.71, respectively. The optimal cutoff levels for distinguishing good- and poor-quality colostrum using IR spectroscopy, and digital and optical Brix refractometers were at 35 g/L and 23% Brix, respectively. The IR spectroscopy showed higher sensitivity (90%) and specificity (86%) than the digital (74 and 80%, respectively) and optical (73 and 80%, respectively) Brix refractometers for assessment of colostrum quality, as compared with RID. In conclusion, the transmission-IR spectroscopy is a rapid and accurate method for assessing colostrum quality, but is a laboratory-based method, whereas Brix refractometers were less accurate but could be used on-farm.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Elsohaby
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada C1A 4P3; Infectious Diseases, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City 44511, Sharkia Province, Egypt.
| | - J T McClure
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada C1A 4P3
| | - M Cameron
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada C1A 4P3
| | - L C Heider
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada C1A 4P3
| | - G P Keefe
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada C1A 4P3
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Bester L, Cameron M, du Toit M, Witthuhn R. PCR and DGGE Detection Limits for Wine Spoilage Microbes. S AFR J ENOL VITIC 2016. [DOI: 10.21548/31-1-1396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Nguyen SH, Bremner G, Cameron M, Hegarty RS. Methane emissions, ruminal characteristics and nitrogen utilisation changes after refaunation of protozoa-free sheep. Small Rumin Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kadhim H, Cameron M. Assessing learning styles: Does experience affect preference? Int J Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2016.08.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Junaid M, Mitchell-Innes A, Cameron M, Takwoingi Y. Comparative study of sino-nasal outcome test 22 (SNOT-22) scores among rhinology patients. Int J Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2016.08.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jamieson C, Morosan M, Cameron M. Crohn's disease: First diagnosis in pregnancy and management. Obstet Med 2016; 10:85-87. [PMID: 28680469 DOI: 10.1177/1753495x16671231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This case addresses the difficulty in the initial diagnosis of severe Crohn's disease in pregnancy as well as the challenges of instituting remission therapy towards the end of second trimester. The patient's course was complicated by recurrent hospital admissions and intolerance to diet requiring temporary nasogastric feeding. Medical management included the use of biological agents during pregnancy, which allowed for better symptomatic control. She sustained no further complications and underwent a successful vaginal delivery of a healthy baby at 37 weeks' gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jamieson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - M Morosan
- Department of Anaesthesia, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - M Cameron
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, UK
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Sheppard D, Woods S, Cameron M. Psychometric Test Development and Assessment-1Construct Validity of the UCSD Performance-Based Skills Assessment-Brief Version (UPSA-B) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Disease. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw042.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
Functional ambulation categories (0-5) were recorded on 105 patients on the first and last days of a day hospital physiotherapy programme. Walking speed was measured in patients capable of walking without physical support from another person (functional ambulation categories 3-5). Patients attended for a median of 10 therapy days. Ambulation categories improved in 26 patients, deteriorated in three patients and there was no change in 76 patients. Mean walking speed, measured in 61 patients who did not change walking aid, increased from 0.38 to 0.44 metres per second (p = 0.003). Forty-three patients who did not show improvement in functional ambulation category had an increase in mean walking speed from 0.37 to 0.43 metres per second (p = 0.015). Both measurements are valuable, complementary and suitable for routine use in day hospital practice. Together they provide a basis for assess ing effectiveness of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- BJ Martin
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Glasgow Royal Infirmary
| | - M. Cameron
- Physiotherapy Department, Lightburn Day Hospital, Glasgow
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Cameron M, Kersten C, Vistad I, Van Helvoirt R, Weyde K, Undseth C, Mjaaland I, Skovlund E, Fosså S, Guren M. PO-0779: Multicenter study of palliative pelvic radiation for symptomatic primary and recurrent rectal cancer. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32029-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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