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Rotundo S, Tassone MT, Marascio N, Morrone HL, Gigliotti S, Quirino A, Russo A, Matera G, Trecarichi EM, Torti C. A systematic review on antibiotic therapy of cutaneous bacillary angiomatosis not related to major immunocompromising conditions: from pathogenesis to treatment. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:380. [PMID: 38589795 PMCID: PMC11000314 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09253-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous bacillary angiomatosis (cBA) is a vascular proliferative disorder due to Bartonella spp. that mostly affects people living with HIV (PLWH), transplanted patients and those taking immunosuppressive drugs. Since cBA is mostly related to these major immunocompromising conditions (i.e., T-cell count impairment), it is considered rare in relatively immunocompetent patients and could be underdiagnosed in them. Moreover, antimicrobial treatment in this population has not been previously investigated. METHODS We searched the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, OpenAIRE and ScienceDirect by screening articles whose title included the keywords "bacillary" AND "angiomatosis" and included case reports about patients not suffering from major immunocompromising conditions to provide insights about antibiotic treatments and their duration. RESULTS Twenty-two cases of cBA not related to major immunocompromising conditions were retrieved. Antibiotic treatment duration was shorter in patients with single cBA lesion than in patients with multiple lesions, including in most cases macrolides and tetracyclines. CONCLUSIONS cBA is an emerging manifestation of Bartonella spp. infection in people not suffering from major immunocompromising conditions. Until evidence-based guidelines are available, molecular tests together with severity and extension of the disease can be useful to personalize the type of treatment and its duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Rotundo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Tassone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nadia Marascio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Unità Operativa Complessa di Microbiologica Clinica, Università "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Helen Linda Morrone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Simona Gigliotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Unità Operativa Complessa di Microbiologica Clinica, Università "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Angela Quirino
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Unità Operativa Complessa di Microbiologica Clinica, Università "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandro Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "R. Dulbecco", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovanni Matera
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Unità Operativa Complessa di Microbiologica Clinica, Università "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Enrico Maria Trecarichi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "R. Dulbecco", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carlo Torti
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Sicurezza e Bioetica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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Rotundo S, Tassone MT, Serapide F, Russo A, Trecarichi EM. Incipient tuberculosis: a comprehensive overview. Infection 2024:10.1007/s15010-024-02239-4. [PMID: 38589748 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-024-02239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
In the context of the evolving global health landscape shaped by the COVID-19 pandemic, tuberculosis (TB) is gaining renewed attention as a reemerging threat even in low-endemic countries. Immunological tests such as the tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) are pivotal in identifying tuberculosis infection (TBI). However, their inability to distinguish between past and ongoing infection poses a diagnostic challenge, possibly leading to the unnecessary treatment of a significant portion of the population with potential side effects. This review delves into the concept of incipient tuberculosis (ITB), a dynamic, presymptomatic stage characterized by heightened Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) metabolic activity and replication that result in minimal radiological changes, signifying a transitional state between TBI and TB. Key focus areas include epidemiological factors, underlying pathogenesis, imaging findings, and the ongoing challenges in the identification of individuals with ITB through the development of new biomarkers and the use of whole-genome sequencing-based analyses to implement early treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Rotundo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Maria Teresa Tassone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Serapide
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, "Renato Dulbecco" Teaching Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandro Russo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, "Renato Dulbecco" Teaching Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Enrico Maria Trecarichi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, "Renato Dulbecco" Teaching Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
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Rotundo S, Bono F, Mazzitelli M, Scaglione V, Lamberti AG, Giancotti A, Tucci L, Costa C, Tassone MT, Morrone HL, Trecarichi EM, Torti C. An autochthonous case of cutaneous bacillary angiomatosis not related to major immunosuppression: An emerging or overlooked disease? Int J Infect Dis 2024; 138:21-24. [PMID: 37967716 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous bacillary angiomatosis (cBA) is a vascular proliferative disorder due to Bartonella henselae or Bartonella quintana that has been mostly described in people living with HIV. Since cBA is considered to be rare in hosts not affected by major immunosuppression, it could be underdiagnosed in this population. Moreover, antimicrobial treatment of cBA has been poorly validated, thus reporting experiences on this clinical entity is important. We reported a challenging and well-characterized case of an Italian 67-year-old gentleman without a history of major immunocompromizing conditions, although he was affected by conditions that can be associated with impaired immune function. The patient reported herein was diagnosed after a long time since the initiation of symptoms and was successfully treated with combined antibiotic therapy including macrolides and quinolones under the guidance of molecular test results. Physicians should consider cBA as a possible manifestation of Bartonella spp. Infection in patients not suffering from major immunocompromizing conditions. Until evidence-based guidelines are available, molecular tests together with severity and extension of the disease can be useful to personalize the type of treatment and its duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Rotundo
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, "Renato Dulbecco" University Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Francesco Bono
- Neurological Unit, "Renato Dulbecco" University Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Maria Mazzitelli
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Scaglione
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy.
| | | | - Aida Giancotti
- Microbiology Unit, "Renato Dulbecco" University Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Luigi Tucci
- Pathology Unit, "Renato Dulbecco" University Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Chiara Costa
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, "Renato Dulbecco" University Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Maria Teresa Tassone
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, "Renato Dulbecco" University Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Helen Linda Morrone
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, "Renato Dulbecco" University Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Enrico Maria Trecarichi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, "Renato Dulbecco" University Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Carlo Torti
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, "Renato Dulbecco" University Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy.
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Scaglione V, Rotundo S, Marascio N, De Marco C, Lionello R, Veneziano C, Berardelli L, Quirino A, Olivadese V, Serapide F, Tassone B, Morrone HL, Davoli C, La Gamba V, Bruni A, Cesana BM, Matera G, Russo A, Costanzo FS, Viglietto G, Trecarichi EM, Torti C, Russo A, Serapide F, Tassone B, Fusco P, Scaglione V, Davoli C, Lionello R, Gamba VL, Rotundo S, Morrone H, Berardelli L, Tassone MT, Olivadese V, Serraino R, Costa C, Alcaro S, Filippo CD, Sarro GD, Pujia A, Quattrone A, Costanzo FS, Cuda G, Foti DP, Viglietto G, Matera G, Longhini F, Bruni A, Garofalo E, Biamonte E, Brescia V, Laganà D, Petullà M, Bertucci B, Quirino A, Barreca GS, Giancotti A, Gallo L, Lamberti A, Marascio N, Francesco AED, Mirarchi S, Torti C. Publisher Correction: Lessons learned and implications of early therapies for coronavirus disease in a territorial service centre in the Calabria region: a retrospective study. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:883. [PMID: 36434528 PMCID: PMC9700875 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07871-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Scaglione
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Salvatore Rotundo
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nadia Marascio
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmela De Marco
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Græcia” University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosaria Lionello
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Claudia Veneziano
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Græcia” University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lavinia Berardelli
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Angela Quirino
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Olivadese
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Serapide
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Bruno Tassone
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Helen Linda Morrone
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Chiara Davoli
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentina La Gamba
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Bruni
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Intensive Care, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Bruno Mario Cesana
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Unit of Medical Statistics, Biometrics and Bioinformatics “Giulio A. Maccacaro”, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Matera
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandro Russo
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Saverio Costanzo
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Interdepartmental Center of Services (CIS), Molecular Genomics and Pathology, “Magna Græcia” University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viglietto
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Græcia” University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Enrico Maria Trecarichi
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carlo Torti
- grid.411489.10000 0001 2168 2547Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Rotundo S, Vecchio E, Abatino A, Giordano C, Mancuso S, Tassone MT, Costa C, Russo A, Trecarichi EM, Cuda G, Costanzo FS, Palmieri C, Torti C. Spike-specific T-cell responses in COVID-19 patients successfully treated with neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 124:55-64. [PMID: 36116671 PMCID: PMC9477616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (moAbs) improves clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 when administered during the initial days of infection. The action of moAbs may impair the generation or maintenance of effective immune memory, similar to that demonstrated in other viral diseases. We aimed to evaluate short-term memory T-cell responses in patients effectively treated with bamlanivimab/etesevimab, casirivimab/imdevimab, or sotrovimab (SOT). Methods Spike (S)-specific T-cell responses were analyzed in 23 patients with COVID-19 (vaccinated or unvaccinated) before and after a median of 50 (range: 28-93) days from moAb treatment, compared with 11 vaccinated healthy controls. T-cell responses were measured by interferon-γ-enzyme-linked immunospot and flow cytometric activation-induced marker assay. Results No statistically significant difference in S-specific T-cell responses was observed between patients treated with moAb and vaccinated healthy controls. Bamlanivimab/etesevimab and casirivimab/imdevimab groups showed significant increases in cellular responses in paired baseline/postrecovery series, as well as vaccinated patients receiving SOT. In contrast, unvaccinated patients prescribed SOT presented no statistically significant increases in T-cell-responses, suggesting diverse impacts of different moAbs on the evolution of S-specific T-cell responses in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients. Conclusion The moAbs did not hinder short-term memory S-specific T-cell responses in the overall group of patients; however, differences among moAbs must be further investigated both in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Rotundo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eleonora Vecchio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry University "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre of Services, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Abatino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry University "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Caterina Giordano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry University "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Serafina Mancuso
- Unit of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital "Mater Domini", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Tassone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Chiara Costa
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandro Russo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Enrico Maria Trecarichi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry University "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Unit of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital "Mater Domini", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Saverio Costanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry University "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre of Services, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Italy; Unit of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital "Mater Domini", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Camillo Palmieri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry University "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Unit of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital "Mater Domini", Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Carlo Torti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Chair of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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