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Ha C, Ahmed U, Khasminsky M, Salib M, Andey T. Correlative and Comparative Study Assessing Use of a Mock Examination in a Pharmaceutical Calculations Course. Am J Pharm Educ 2023; 87:ajpe8654. [PMID: 35017163 PMCID: PMC10159607 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe8654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Faculty at Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University's School of Pharmacy-Worcester/Manchester are engaged in continuous quality improvement of their teaching and assessment methods to prepare students for successful careers in pharmacy. This study evaluated the impact of a formative mock examination on student performance on a main summative examination (main examination) administered during the spring 2020 semester of a pharmaceutical calculations course.Methods. A retrospective analysis of student test scores in a summative assessment (main examination) was performed across two cohort years (2019 and 2020) during which students were not administered and administered a formative mock exam, respectively. Central tendency and comparative analysis measures were performed to assess differences in student performance.Results. Out of 237 students enrolled, 221 students participated in the optional mock exam, and all 237 students participated in the main examination, with average scores for the mock examination and the main examination being 67% and 94%, respectively. Ninety-two students who received a grade C or better on their mock examination had a main examination average score (98%) that was significantly higher than those who received a D or F (n=129, main average score of 92%). Further, the average score in the 2020 examination was significantly higher when compared to the 2019 examination when no mock examination was offered (94% vs 77%, respectively).Conclusion. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study to understand the differences in student performance in a summative assessment across two cohort years with and without a formative mock assessment. The results demonstrate that the formative mock examination was correlated with better performance among students but did not establish a causal relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Ha
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Umar Ahmed
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maria Khasminsky
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mariam Salib
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Terrick Andey
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University, School of Pharmacy-Worcester/Manchester, Worcester, Massachusetts
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Patel JN, Salib M, Parala-Metz A. Best practices for opioid abuse screening in cancer patients. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2020; 10:306-309. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Greiner RS, Boselli D, Patel JN, Salib M, Edelen C, Walsh D. Opioid Risk Screening in an Oncology Palliative Medicine Clinic. JCO Oncol Pract 2020; 16:e1332-e1342. [PMID: 32603251 DOI: 10.1200/op.20.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Little information exists on factors that predict opioid misuse in oncology. We adopted the Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients With Pain-Short Form (SOAPP-SF) and toxicology testing to assess for opioid misuse risk. The primary objective was to (1) identify characteristics associated with a high-risk SOAPP-SF score and noncompliant toxicology test, and (2) determine SOAPP-SF utility to predict noncompliant toxicology tests. METHODS From July 1, 2017, to December 31, 2017, new patients completed the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS), SOAPP-SF, and narcotic use agreement. Toxicology test results were collected at subsequent visits. RESULTS Of 223 distinct patients, 96% completed SOAPP-SF. Mean age was 61 ± 12.7 years, 58% were female, 68% were White, and 28% were Black. Eighty-three eligible patients (38%) completed toxicology testing. Younger age, male sex, and increased ESAS depression scores were associated with high-risk SOAPP-SF scores. Smoking habit was associated with an aberrant test. An SOAPP-SF score ≥ 3 predicted a noncompliant toxicology test. CONCLUSION Male sex, young age, and higher ESAS depression score were associated with a high SOAPP-SF score. Smoking habit was associated with an aberrant test. An SOAPP-SF of ≥ 3 (sensitivity, 0.74; specificity, 0.64), not ≥ 4, was predictive of an aberrant test; however, performance characteristics were decreased from those published by Inflexxion, for ≥ 4 (sensitivity, 0.86; specificity, 0.67). The specificity warrants caution in falsely labeling patients. The SOAPP-SF may aid in meeting National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommendations to screen oncology patients for opioid misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Greiner
- Department of Supportive Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC
| | - Danielle Boselli
- Cancer Biostatistics, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC
| | - Jai N Patel
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC
| | - Mariam Salib
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC
| | - Connie Edelen
- Community Hospice and Palliative Care, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Declan Walsh
- Department of Supportive Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC
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Salib M, Giles R, Pitney M. Excimer Laser Atherectomy in the Management of Undilatable Coronary Stents. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Greiner R, Boselli D, Salib M, Patel JN. Examination of the Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients with Pain-Short Form (SOAPP-SF) in an oncology palliative medicine clinic. J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.34_suppl.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
196 Background: The National Comprehensive Cancer Network states opioids can be used to treat cancer pain and prescribers should identify patients at risk for opioid misuse; research in this area is limited. In the non-cancer population, SOAPP-SF is a validated tool to predict aberrant drug behavior; a score of ≥ 4 (out of 20) is considered high risk. We performed a retrospective observational study to determine the utility of the SOAPP in identifying opioid misuse in the oncology population as measured by a non-compliant toxicology screen. Methods: Consecutive consults seen during a 6-month period completed the 5-question SOAPP-SF and Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) form. Toxicology screens assessed non-compliance (i.e., absence of prescribed medications and/or presence of non-prescribed or illegal substances). Logistic regression models estimated the associations of composite and individual SOAPP-SF scores and ESAS symptom scores with non-compliant screens. Threshold analysis were conducted to identify an optimal SOAPP-SF cutoff. Results: Of 192 consults, 64 patients providing SOAPP-SF score and toxicology screen were evaluable. Mean age was 59 ± 9.8 years: 56% were female, 34% and 62% were African American and Caucasian respectively. Median SOAPP-SF score was 2 (range: [0, 12]). Non-compliant screens were observed in 31% of patients. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.65. The validated SOAPP-SF cutoff score of ≥ 4 was associated with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.43 and 0.79, respectively (p = 0.082). Sensitivity (0.76) and specificity (0.72) were maximized at a cutoff score of ≥ 3 (p < 0.001). When evaluated individually, the SOAPP-SF question about smoking habit was associated with a non-compliant screen (p = 0.020). Increased ESAS pain scores were associated with SOAPP-SF score ≥ 3 (p = 0.013). Conclusions: SOAPP-SF can identify oncology patients at risk for opioid misuse. Preliminary analyses suggest a more appropriate threshold of identification is a score of ≥ 3 not ≥ 4. Future work will increase numbers of evaluable patients and examine other factors associated with opioid misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariam Salib
- Atrium Health Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, NC
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Salib M, Ellenberger K, Burgess S, Hallani H. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Outcomes in Real-World Left Main Coronary Artery Stenosis Patients Correlate Well With Randomised, Controlled Trial Data: Experiences From a Non-Cardiosurgical Tertiary Hospital. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yang Q, Salib M, Roy S. Ischaemic Strokes in Patients on Vitamin K Antagonist and Direct Oral Anticoagulants with Non–Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Local Experience. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Salib M, Madan K, Chandrala P, Coulshed D. Safety of Early Emergency Discharge in High-Sensitivity-Troponin-I (HsTnI) Negative Chest Pain Patients. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Salib M, Fernandes C, Hallani H. Asymptomatic Long Spiral Dissection of the Left Circumflex Post-Left-Main Stenting for Spontaneous Left-Main Dissection. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Salib M, Nicholson I, Lee C. Recurrent Late Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis and Operative Discovery of a Peri-Annular Abscess–A Case Report. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wilderman PR, Jang HH, Malenke JR, Salib M, Angermeier E, Lamime S, Dearing MD, Halpert JR. Functional characterization of cytochromes P450 2B from the desert woodrat Neotoma lepida. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 274:393-401. [PMID: 24361551 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian detoxification processes have been the focus of intense research, but little is known about how wild herbivores process plant secondary compounds, many of which have medicinal value or are drugs. cDNA sequences that code for three enzymes of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2B subfamily, here termed 2B35, 2B36, and 2B37 have been recently identified from a wild rodent, the desert woodrat (Malenke et al., 2012). Two variant clones of each enzyme were engineered to increase protein solubility and to facilitate purification, as reported for CYP2B enzymes from multiple species. When expressed in Escherichia coli each of the woodrat proteins gave the characteristic maximum at 450nm in a reduced carbon monoxide difference spectrum but generally expressed at lower levels than rat CYP2B1. Two enzymes, 2B36 and 2B37, showed dealkylation activity with the model substrates 7-ethoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)coumarin and 7-benzyloxyresorufin, whereas 2B35 was inactive. Binding of the monoterpene (+)-α-pinene produced a Type I shift in the absorbance spectrum of each enzyme. Mutation of 2B37 at residues 114, 262, or 480, key residues governing ligand interactions with other CYP2B enzymes, did not significantly change expression levels or produce the expected functional changes. In summary, two catalytic and one ligand-binding assay are sufficient to distinguish among CYP2B35, 2B36, and 2B37. Differences in functional profiles between 2B36 and 2B37 are partially explained by changes in substrate recognition site residue 114, but not 480. The results advance our understanding of the mechanisms of detoxification in wild mammalian herbivores and highlight the complexity of this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ross Wilderman
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Hyun-Hee Jang
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jael R Malenke
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Mariam Salib
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elisabeth Angermeier
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sonia Lamime
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - M Denise Dearing
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - James R Halpert
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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O'Brien D, Settle MD, Karle T, Michaeli A, Salib M, Krauss TF. Coupled photonic crystal heterostructure nanocavities. Opt Express 2007; 15:1228-1233. [PMID: 19532352 DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.001228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We show the first experimental demonstration of multiple heterostructure photonic crystal cavities being coupled together to form a chain of coupled resonators with up to ten cavities. This system allows us to engineer the group velocity of light over a wide range. Devices were fabricated using 193 nm deep UV lithography and standard silicon processing technology. Structures were analysed using both coupled resonator and photonic bandstructure theory, and we highlight the discrepancies arising from subtle imperfections of the fabricated structure.
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Settle MD, Engelen RJP, Salib M, Michaeli A, Kuipers L, Krauss TF. Flatband slow light in photonic crystals featuring spatial pulse compression and terahertz bandwidth. Opt Express 2007; 15:219-226. [PMID: 19532237 DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.000219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Paradoxically, slow light promises to increase the speed of telecommunications in novel photonic structures, such as coupled resonators [1] and photonic crystals [2,3]. Apart from signal delays, the key consequence of slowing light down is the enhancement of light-matter interactions. Linear effects such as refractive index modulation scale linearly with slowdown in photonic crystals [3], and nonlinear effects are expected to scale with its square [4]. By directly observing the spatial compression of an optical pulse, by factor 25, we confirm the mechanism underlying this square scaling law. The key advantage of photonic structures over other slow light concepts is the potentially large bandwidth, which is crucial for telecommunications [5]. Nevertheless, the slow light previously observed in photonic crystals [2,3,6,7] has been very dispersive and featured narrow bandwidth. We demonstrate slow light with a bandwidth of 2.5 THz and a delay-bandwidth product of 30, which is an order of magnitude larger than any reported so far.
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William J, Saad N, Salib M, Riad H, Mahran KS, Iskander I, Cozma G, Barsoum R. The acute effect of intravenously administered recombinant human erythropoietin on the immune response of uremic patients maintained on regular hemodialysis. Artif Organs 1998; 22:192-6. [PMID: 9527278 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1594.1998.06041.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The uremic patient on regular hemodialysis (RHD) is subjected to a wide range of immune modulators including the uremic state per se, multiple transfusions and exposure to bioincompatible materials and endotoxins. Erythropoietin (EPO) therapy may raise concern about its potential influence on this complex scenario. To envisage this issue, 15 adequately selected patients, stable on RHD, were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio into EPO and placebo groups. After initial assessment and determination of baseline values, they received, in a double-blind manner, either EPO or normal saline as an intravenous bolus immediately after termination of dialysis for 30 successive sessions. Thirty minutes later, following sessions 1, 10, 20, and 30, samples were obtained for determination of blood counts, red cell indices, peripheral lymphocyte counts (PLC), CD4/CD8 ratios, blood EPO levels, and serum concentrations of interleukins (IL) IL-2r, IL-3, and IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNFs and TNFalpha), and neopterin (NPT). Blood EPO levels displayed the predicted rise in the EPO group, which correlated with partial improvement of red cell parameters. The mean total leukocyte count and PLCs was significantly increased in the EPO group (p < 0.05) but not in the placebo group. CD4/CD8 ratios were not significantly changed in either group. The serum concentrations of IL-2r, IL-3, and NPT remained fairly stable while that of IL-6 was widely variable in both study groups. The mean serum concentrations of TNF and particularly TNFalpha showed a steady and statistically significant increment in the EPO group from 6 to 41 pg/ml (p < 0.05) and 93 to 128 pg/ml (p < 0.03), respectively. No significant change was noticed in the control group. It is concluded that intravenous administration of EPO under the conditions of this study may have an immune stimulating effect. This is shown by the release of TNFs, which in turn may be responsible, through different potential mechanisms, for the increase in the mean peripheral neutrophil count and the blunting of erythroid responsiveness to EPO therapy.
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Ananth JV, Salib M, Ban TA, Lehmann HE. Propericiazine in psychiatric emergencies. A controlled comparative study. Can Psychiatr Assoc J 1972; 17:143-5. [PMID: 4402542 DOI: 10.1177/070674377201700209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Sabour MS, Salib M. A clinical study of hepatic schistosomiasis. J Trop Med Hyg 1966; 69:85-93. [PMID: 5295580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Kamel R, Shaker A, Salib M. A clinical study of portal hypertension in hepatic schistosomiasis. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1966; 122:761-6. [PMID: 5934185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Kamel R, Shaker A, Salib M. Portal hypertension in hepatic schistosomiasis, a clinical study of 129 cases with attempt at a new classification. J Egypt Med Assoc 1965; 48:364-374. [PMID: 5851962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Salib M, LeGolvan PC, Arm HG, Sabour M, Shehata EE. Clinical, Histopathological and Bacteriological Study of the Liver in Chronic Fibrocaseous Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Mil Med 1962. [DOI: 10.1093/milmed/127.1.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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