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Prasko J, Abeltina M, Gecaite-Stonciene J, Burkauskas J, Krone I, Jurisova E, Zatkova M, Vanek J, Slepecky M, Ociskova M. Exploring self-care within the context of cognitive behavioural therapy and supervision. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2024; 45:7-21. [PMID: 38295424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
This article emphasizes the critical role of self-care in the professional lives of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) therapists and supervisors. It delves into the importance of self-care, elucidating its significance in maintaining therapists' mental health and effectiveness. The article presents a range of practical strategies that promote self-care, providing therapists and supervisors with specific steps to incorporate self-care into their daily routines. Moreover, the article explores common challenges and barriers to self-care, such as a lack of time, feelings of guilt associated with prioritizing one's needs, and a lack of available resources for self-care. The article aims to deepen our understanding of the complexities of practising self-care by shedding light on possible obstacles. In addition, the article includes case vignettes that demonstrate tangible examples of the positive impact of self-care on therapists' mental health and effectiveness. The overarching goal of this article is to encourage ongoing discussion and research on self-care. It advocates a greater emphasis on self-care in CBT and CBT supervision (CBTS), intending to promote the health and well-being of those who dedicate their lives to caring for others. The insights and strategies presented in this article serve as a resource for therapists and supervisors striving to achieve a balanced lifestyle while effectively catering to the needs of their clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc. Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, s.r.o., Czech Republic
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
- Department of Psychotherapy, Institute for Postgraduate Training in Health Care, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Julija Gecaite-Stonciene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Ilona Krone
- Riga's Stradins University, Department of Health Psychology and Pedagogy, Riga, Latvia
| | - Erika Jurisova
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Jakub Vanek
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc. Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, s.r.o., Czech Republic
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Ociskova M, Prasko J, Holubova M, Latalova K, Sollar T, Zatkova M, Slepecky M, Bocek J. Self-stigma in patients with schizophrenia: Impact and management. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2023; 44:368-383. [PMID: 37776554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prejudices against individuals with schizophrenia can interfere with diagnostic and treatment processes, particularly with the patient's further adaptation and reintegration. Self-stigma could have significant detrimental consequences for patients suffering from psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia. METHOD This paper reviews findings about self-stigma connected to schizophrenia. The PubMed database used the keywords to find the papers published from January 1997 to March 2023, and 189 articles were included in the review process. RESULTS The schizophrenia-related stigma decreases patients' self-confidence, worsens their social functioning, and impedes daily functioning. Feelings of embarrassment are prominent in many patients with schizophrenia. Self-stigma predicts many unfavourable outcomes - more severe social anxiety and depressive symptoms, lower self-confidence, hopelessness, worse social functioning, lower quality of life, worse treatment cooperation, and lower adherence to medication adherence. Addressing self-stigma in psychoeducation or psychotherapy may increase the patient's stigma resistance and well-being. Self-help groups present an underutilised but potentially effective strategy. CONCLUSION Stigma presents a common issue in patients with schizophrenia. Targeting the issue in clinical management or psychotherapy may be beneficial. Still, more high-quality intervention studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc. Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, s.r.o., Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Jessenia Inc. Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, s.r.o., Czech Republic
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
- Institute for Postgraduate Education in Health Care, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Holubova
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
- Department of Pedagogy and Psychology, Faculty of Science, Humanities and Education, Technical University of Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Klara Latalova
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Sollar
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Jonas Bocek
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Kasalova P, Prasko J, Holubova M, Vanek J, Ociskova M, Minarikova K, Chupacova M, Kantor K, Kolek A, Sollár T, Nesnidal V, Zatkova M, Slepecky M, Barnard L. Marriage in a panic: Panic disorder and intimate relationships. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2020; 41:179-194. [PMID: 33307653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panic disorder and agoraphobia not only affect the patients themselves but also may have a detrimental effect on their intimate relationships. A problem arising in the intimate sphere could be a trigger, a modulator, a maintenance factor, or the result of the panic disorder and agoraphobia. The consequences of panic disorder include increased demands on the non-affected partner to adapt, which may prove to be too challenging for some to manage. Panic disorder and agoraphobia can also change earlier relationship patterns which may result in partnership dysfunction. This review explores the effect of panic disorder and agoraphobia upon partnership problems and satisfaction. METHOD Relevant studies were identified via PubMed and Web of Science, published between January 1970 and April 2020. The search terms included "panic disorder", "agoraphobia", "marital problems", "marital conflicts" and "marital adjustment". Further references were found in reviews, books, and book chapters of the relevant papers. A total of 1154 articles were nominated by primary assortment using the keywords in different combinations. After selecting according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, evaluating the complete texts and searching for secondary documents, 173 papers were finally chosen. RESULTS Problems in a relationship can act as a trigger for the development of the panic disorder and agoraphobia and could also function as modulating and maintenance factors. Panic disorder and agoraphobia often have a negative influence on the relationship and the non-affected partner. Partnership problems can be both a precursor and a consequence of panic disorder and agoraphobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kasalova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, 77520 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, 77520 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Holubova
- Department of Psychiatry, Regional Hospital Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Vanek
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, 77520 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, 77520 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Minarikova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, 77520 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Chupacova
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Krystof Kantor
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, 77520 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Kolek
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, 77520 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Sollár
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Vlastimil Nesnidal
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, 77520 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Lianne Barnard
- Department of Foreign Languages, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Filova B, Reichova A, Zatkova M, Srancikova A, Bukatova S, Bacova Z, Bakos J. Expression of synaptic proteins in the hippocampus is modulated by neonatal oxytocin treatment. Neurosci Lett 2020; 725:134912. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Slepecky M, Kotianova A, Sollár T, Ociskova M, Turzakova J, Zatkova M, Popelkova M, Prasko J, Solgajová A, Romanova M, Trizna P. Internal consistency and factorial validity of the Slovak Version of the Young Schema Questionnaire - Short Form 3 (YSQ-S3). Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2019; 40:141-148. [PMID: 31816218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Young schema questionnaire - short form (YSQ-S3) represents a useful method for the identification of early maladaptive schemas in clinical and non-clinical samples. The study aimed to examine the internal consistency and factorial structure of the recently adapted Slovak version of YSQ-S3 in a non-clinical sample. METHODS The sample consisted of 302 healthy participants from the general population in Slovakia. Slovak version of YSQ-S3 was used. Reliability analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed. RESULTS The results suggest an acceptable internal consistency of early maladaptive schemas (EMSs). The Cronbach's alpha coefficients of YSQ-S3 subscales ranged from 0.54 to 0.85. Confirmatory factor analysis supports the factor structures of 18 unifactorial EMSs. The results partially support Young's theoretical schema clusters and fail to support the second-order factor model. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the Slovak version of the YSQ-S3 is a psychometrically sound questionnaire that can be utilized for assessing EMS, both for research and clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Antonia Kotianova
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Tomáš Sollár
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Jana Turzakova
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marta Popelkova
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Solgajová
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Martina Romanova
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Peter Trizna
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
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Slepecky M, Kotianova A, Prasko J, Majercak I, Kotian M, Gyorgyova E, Zatkova M, Chupacova M, Ociskova M, Sollar T. Relation of personality factors and life events to waist/height ratio and percentage of visceral fat in women and men. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2019; 12:499-511. [PMID: 31308771 PMCID: PMC6613611 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s214303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The investigation aimed to explore the association between personality traits, stressful life events, quality of life on anthropometric characteristics (waist/height ratio and percentage of visceral fat). METHOD A total of 227 participants took part in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS), Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised, Type-D Scale (DS-14), EuroQol Group 5-Dimension Self-Report Questionnaire (EQ-5D), and demographic questionnaire. Two anthropometric parameters were measured: Waist/height ratio and Percentage of the visceral fat. RESULTS The average age of participants was 39.6±12.9 years, 60.4% women. The 41.8% of participants were overweight or obese. Regression analysis found a significant link between Harm-avoidance and EQ-5D visual analog scale (VAS) with Waist/height ratio in women and Reward dependence and Cooperativeness with Waist/height ratio in men. In regression analysis, the score of life events (SRRS) has statistically significant linked to Percentage of the visceral fat in women. The regression analysis also found a significant link between Novelty seeking, DS14, Negative affectivity, and EQ-5D VAS with Percentage of the visceral fat in women. CONCLUSION Significant associations between live events, personality traits, and body anthropometric measures were recognized. The differences were recognized between women and men. Outcomes propose some promising tools by which personality factors may influence overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, The Slovak Republic
| | - Antonia Kotianova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, The Slovak Republic
| | - Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, The Slovak Republic.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, Olomouc 77520, The Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Majercak
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Josef Safarik University in Košice, Košice, The Slovak Republic.,Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Private practice MUDr Ivan Majercak, Košice, The Slovak Republic
| | - Michal Kotian
- Department of clinical psychology, Psychagogia, Liptovsky Mikulas, 03101, The Slovak Republic
| | - Erika Gyorgyova
- Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Private practice MUDr Ivan Majercak, Košice, The Slovak Republic
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, The Slovak Republic
| | - Michaela Chupacova
- Department of clinical psychology, Psychagogia, Liptovsky Mikulas, 03101, The Slovak Republic
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, Olomouc 77520, The Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Sollar
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, The Slovak Republic.,Institute of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, The Slovak Republic
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Zatkova M, Reichova A, Bacova Z, Bakos J. Activation of the Oxytocin Receptor Modulates the Expression of Synaptic Adhesion Molecules in a Cell-Specific Manner. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 68:171-180. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01296-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Holubova M, Prasko J, Ociskova M, Vanek J, Slepecky M, Zatkova M, Latalova K, Kolek A. Three diagnostic psychiatric subgroups in comparison to self-stigma, quality of life, disorder severity and coping management cross-sectional outpatient study. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2018; 39:331-341. [PMID: 30531709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Much attention has been paid to psychological factors influencing characteristics, severity, and course of mental disorders. The objective of our investigation was to examine the interrelations among quality of life (QoL), self-stigma, and coping strategies, demographics and severity of the disorder in neurotic spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and depressive spectrum disorders. METHODS A total of 343 clinically stable Czech outpatients with different mental disorders (153 with neurotic spectrum disorders; 81 with depression, and 109 with schizophrenia spectrum disorders) were included. The patients were examined by their outpatient psychiatrists during regular psychiatric checkup and completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Quality of Life Satisfaction and the Enjoyment Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMI), the Stress Coping Style Questionnaire (SVF-78), and the Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI). RESULTS The study demonstrates that the self-stigma and coping strategies are significant factors linked to the QoL in all diagnostic groups of patients. Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders had lower scores in QoL compared to the other two groups. The patients with depression or neurotic spectrum disorders had a lesser degree of self-stigma than the patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The severity of the illness significantly correlated with the QoL, self-stigma, and coping strategies. CONCLUSIONS The investigation confirmed the connection between the quality of life, self-stigma, coping strategies, and the severity of the illness, in outpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, depressive, and neurotic spectrum disorders. A further longitudinal study would be useful to determine the causative relationships of these variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Holubova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Vanek
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Klara Latalova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Kolek
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Zatkova M, Bacova Z, Puerta F, Lestanova Z, Alanazi M, Kiss A, Reichova A, Castejon AM, Ostatnikova D, Bakos J. Projection length stimulated by oxytocin is modulated by the inhibition of calcium signaling in U-87MG cells. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:1847-1856. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1933-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kasalova P, Prasko J, Kantor K, Zatkova M, Holubova M, Sedlackova Z, Slepecky M, Grambal A. Personality disorder in marriage and partnership - a narrative review. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2018; 39:159-171. [PMID: 30431743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Partner conflicts are the most common precipitating factors of decompensation of psychiatric disorders, including personality disorders. Personal characteristics play a fundamental role in both the prediction of marital satisfaction of the individual as well as the satisfaction of the couple as a whole. METHOD Narrative Review of the articles, books and book chapters within the period 1956 - 2016 using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases with keywords "personality disorder," "partnership," marital problems," "marital conflicts." Additional references were found using reviews of relevant articles. RESULTS It is evident that patients with personality disorders can have problems with meeting the criteria that contribute to the marital satisfaction and, on the other hand, easily fulfill the criteria that are related to the causes of the relationship breakups. People with personality disorders have substantial problems with starting and continuing a relationship with a partner. They have an unintentional ability to create and maintain problematic relationships. The association between the dysfunctional marriage and personality problems of the partners may have the basis in the insufficient understanding of the behavior of one or both partners. People with personality disorder experience numerous misunderstandings, misinterpretations, communicate poorly, and they are more alert to verbal and physical aggression in the interpersonal relations. They do not recognize that the basis of experienced struggles has a source in their intrapersonal processes and their relationship with the world. Persons with certain personality disorders tend to seek and create a pathologically stable partnership. To understand the dynamics of such relationships, examining personality traits first should be essential. Understanding the maladaptive personality patterns in the context of the relationship should be beneficial for both partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kasalova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, 77520 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, 77520 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Krystof Kantor
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, 77520 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Michaela Holubova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, 77520 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Sedlackova
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Ales Grambal
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, 77520 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Slepecky M, Stanislav V, Martinove M, Kotianova A, Kotian M, Chupacova M, Ryniak J, Betkovka Korpala B, Zatkova M, Latalova K, Prasko J. Discrepancy between readiness to change, insight and motivation in alcohol-dependent inpatients. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2018; 39:135-142. [PMID: 29919989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poland, Czech Republic, and the Slovak Republic are countries with high alcohol consumption, and alcohol-induced disorders are in the ten leading causes of Years Lost due to Disability. Therefore it is necessary to study factors as insight, motivation, and readiness to change for the better understanding the variables which are in probably connected with therapeutic effectiveness. AIM The purpose of the study was to examine the state of readiness to change at the beginning and the end of inpatient short (six weeks) and long (12 weeks) therapeutic program in the Slovak Republic, Poland, and the Czech Republic, and look for the relationship between readiness to change, insight, and motivation in alcohol-dependent persons. METHODS We studied a sample of 380 alcohol-dependent inpatients (282 men and 98 women) by Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), The Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES), Readiness to Change Questionnaire (RCQ), and Demographic Questionnaire. RESULTS The unmarried patients declare a higher severity of alcohol dependence than married or divorced ones in AUDIT questionnaire. At the beginning of the treatment, the majority of patients declared Action (68.5%) or Preparation (26.3%) motivation stage according to RCQ questionnaire. At the end of the treatment, married patients showed higher readiness to change in domain Taking steps of SOCRATES questionnaire. The unmarried patients displayed the decrease of domain Ambivalence. The duration of the completed therapeutic program may not be crucial for improvement in preparedness to change. CONCLUSIONS The intention and motivation to alcohol dependence treatment seem to be high at the beginning of the treatment, but recognition of the alcohol problems were low in highly dependent patients. Marital status was connected with an increased active component for readiness to change. The passive component (decreasing the ambivalence) was observed in the unmarried patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Vladimir Stanislav
- OLUP Predna Hora, Muranska Huta, Predna Hora 126, 049 01 Muran, Slovakia
| | - Maria Martinove
- OLUP Predna Hora, Muranska Huta, Predna Hora 126, 049 01 Muran, Slovakia
| | | | - Michal Kotian
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Michaela Chupacova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | | | | | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Klara Latalova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital, 77520 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
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Holubova M, Prasko J, Ociskova M, Grambal A, Slepecky M, Marackova M, Kamaradova D, Zatkova M. Quality of life and coping strategies of outpatients with a depressive disorder in maintenance therapy - a cross-sectional study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:73-82. [PMID: 29339924 PMCID: PMC5746068 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s153115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of life (QoL) is a multidimensional view that represents all aspects of patient well-being in various areas of patient life. Specific coping strategies may be connected to both the QoL and the severity of mental disorder. The aim of this investigation was to examine the relationship between the QoL and the coping strategies of outpatients with a depressive disorder. METHODS Eighty-two outpatients, who met the criteria of the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, for a depressive disorder, were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. Data on sociodemographic and clinical variables were obtained from the medical records. Individuals filled the following standardized questionnaires: Quality of Life Satisfaction and Enjoyment Questionnaire, Stress Coping Style Questionnaire, and Clinical Global Impression. Multiple regression analyses with backward elimination were performed to discover the most influential factors contributing to QoL. RESULTS The participants with a depressive disorder showed an overuse of negative coping strategies, especially escape tendency and resignation. A positive self-instruction strategy was used by the patients less often. The coping strategies were significantly associated with the QoL. A more frequent use of positive coping strategies had a positive association with the QoL. The main factors related to QoL were the subjective severity of the disorder, employment, and positive coping strategies. CONCLUSION The study confirmed the relationship between QoL and the coping strategies of outpatients with a depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Holubova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Ales Grambal
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra-Chrenova, Slovak Republic
| | - Marketa Marackova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Dana Kamaradova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra-Chrenova, Slovak Republic
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Grambal A, Prasko J, Ociskova M, Slepecky M, Kotianova A, Sedlackova Z, Zatkova M, Kasalova P, Kamaradova D. Borderline personality disorder and unmet needs. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2017; 38:275-289. [PMID: 28871714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a disabling psychiatric condition with a chronic and challenging course. BPD is reflected as a disorder of self-regulation" and is associated with both psychological vulnerabilities and social relations that fail to support basic emotional needs. The objective of the paper is to provide the up-to-date data on the unmet needs of BPD patients and their families. METHOD A computerized search of the literature printed between January 1990 and May 2017 was conducted in PubMed, and additional papers were extracted using keywords "borderline personality disorder,"needs," "pharmacotherapy," "psychotherapy," "CBT," and "family" in various combinations. According to the eligibility criteria, 57 articles were chosen. Secondary articles from the reference lists of primarily identified papers have been selected for the eligibility and added to the first list (N=151). RESULTS The results were divided into three categories: the needs connected with (1) the symptom control; (2) the treatment; (3) the quality of life. The needs connected with symptoms were described issues such as emotional needs, social interactions, self-harm, parasuicide, suicidality, comorbidity, mentalization, identity disturbance, moreover, barriers to treatment. The needs connected with the treatment described are focused on needs for early diagnosis, early intervention, holding environment, therapeutic relation, assertive community treatment, destigmatization, hospitalization, and primary care. The needs connected with the quality of life involve family needs, physical health, spiritual needs, advocacy needs, and needs for the separation-individuation. The part focused on implications for the treatment presented several treatment approaches, focusing mostly on the their basics and efficacy. CONCLUSION Observing the patients' needs may be essential to the treatment of the individuals suffering from BPD. However, many needs remain unmet in the areas linked to medical, personal, and social factors. A bigger focus on the patients' needs could be beneficial and should be targeted in the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ales Grambal
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Antonia Kotianova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Sedlackova
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Petra Kasalova
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Kamaradova
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Zatkova M, Reichova A, Bacova Z, Strbak V, Kiss A, Bakos J. Neurite Outgrowth Stimulated by Oxytocin Is Modulated by Inhibition of the Calcium Voltage-Gated Channels. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 38:371-378. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0503-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Prasko J, Ociskova M, Sigmundova Z, Kasalova P, Grambal A, Holubova M, Marackova M, Vrbova K, Latalova K, Slepecky M, Zatkova M, Kotianova A. Self-stigma, Hope, Dissociation, and Personality Features in Treatment of Depressive Inpatients Resistant to Pharmacotherapy. Eur Psychiatry 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to examine the influence of dissociation, hope, personality trait and selected demographic factors in treatment response of this group of patients.MethodsPharmacoresistant depressive inpatients completed clinical global impression – both objective and subjective form, Beck depression inventory, and Beck anxiety inventory at baseline and after six weeks of combined pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy (group cognitive behavioral or group psychodynamic). The Internalized Stigma Of Mental Illness Scale, Dissociative Experience Scale Adult Dispositional Hope Scale, and temperament and character inventory were completed at the start of the treatment with the intention to find predictors of treatment efficacy.ResultsThe study included 72 patients hospitalized for the pharmacoresistant major depression, 63 of them finished the study. The mean scores of BDI-II, BAI, subjCGI, and objCGI significantly decreased during the treatment. BDI-II relative change statistically significantly correlated with the total ISMI score, discrimination experience (ISMI subscale), and harm avoidance (TCI-R personality trait). According to stepwise regression, the strongest factors connected to BDI-II relative change were the duration of the disorder and discrimination experience (ISMI). ObjCGI relative change significantly correlated with the level of dissociation, the total ISMI score, and hope in ADHS total score, and self-directedness. According to stepwise regression, the strongest factor connected to objCGI relative change was discrimination experience (ISMI).ConclusionsAccording to our results, the patients with pharmacoresistant depressive disorders, who have had more experience with discrimination because of their mental struggles, showed a poorer response to treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Holubova M, Prasko J, Matousek S, Latalova K, Marackova M, Vrbova K, Grambal A, Slepecky M, Zatkova M. Comparison of self-stigma and quality of life in depressive disorder and schizophrenia – a cross-sectional study. Eur Psychiatry 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe views of one's self-stigma and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia and depressive disorders are significant subjective notions, both being proven to affect patient's functioning in life. The objective of this research was to find out the quality of life and self-stigma in connection with demographic factors and compare the two groups of patients in those variables.MethodIn a cross-sectional study, the outpatients with the schizophrenia spectrum disorders and depressive disorders completed the quality of life satisfaction and enjoyment questionnaire, the internalized stigma of mental illness scale and a demographic questionnaire during a routine psychiatric control. Furthermore, both patients and their psychiatrists evaluated the severity of the disorder by clinical global impression-severity scale.ResultsThe quality of life of patients with depression or schizophrenia spectrum disorders did not significantly differ between the two groups. In both groups, unemployment was perceived to be a significant factor decreasing the quality of life. Self-stigma was detected to be higher in patients with schizophrenia as compared to the depressive patients. A strong correlation was found between the two scales, meaning that those with higher levels of self-stigmatization were less prone to see their life as fulfilling and joyful.ConclusionsThe present study shows that the degree of the internalized stigma can be an important aspect linked to the quality of life irrespective of the diagnostic category.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Prasko J, Grambal A, Sigmundova Z, Kasalova P, Kamaradova D, Vrbova K, Ociskova M, Holubova M, Latalova K, Zatkova M, Slepecky M, Kotianova A. Dissociation and Therapy of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders with or Without Personality Disorders. Eur Psychiatry 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveGoal of the study was to analyze the impact of dissociation on the treatment of the patients with anxiety/neurotic spectrum and depressive disorders, and with or without personality disorders.MethodsThe sample consisted of inpatients who met the ICD-10 criteria for the Depressive disorder, Panic disorder, GAD, Mixed anxiety-depressive disorder, Agoraphobia, Social phobia, OCD, PTSD, Adjustment disorders, dissociative/conversion disorders, Somatoform disorder or other anxiety/neurotic spectrum disorder. The participants completed Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, subjective version of clinical global impression-severity, Sheehan Patient-Related Anxiety Scale, and Dissociative Experience Scale, at the start and the end of the therapeutic program.ResultsThe total of 840 patients with anxiety or depressive spectrum disorders, who were resistant to pharmacological treatment in outpatients basis and were referred for hospitalization for the six-week complex therapeutic program, were enrolled in this study. Six hundred and six of them were statistically analyzed. The patients’ mean ratings on all measurements were significantly reduced during the treatment. The patients without comorbid personality disorder improved significantly more than patients with comorbid personality disorder in the reduction of depressive symptoms. However, there were no significant differences in change of anxiety levels and severity of the disorder between the patients with and without personality disorders. The higher degree of dissociation at the beginning of the treatment predicted minor improvement. The higher therapeutic change was connected to the greater reduction of the dissociation level.ConclusionsDissociation presents an important factor influencing treatment effectiveness in the treatment-resistant patients with anxiety/depression with or without personality disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Slepecky M, Majercak I, Gyorgyova E, Kotianova A, Kotian M, Zatkova M, Chupacova M, Popelkova M, Ociskova M, Prasko J, Gallová I. Life events, quality of life, autonomic nervous system, and cardiovascular risk factors. Eur Psychiatry 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPsychological distress is considered as a component of the cardiovascular risk. The present study aims to determine which psychophysiological, electrocardiographic and anthropometric factors are correlated with life events, depression and quality of life in healthy adults.MethodA total of 114 adults were examined using the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, the EuroQol Group 5-Dimension Self-Report Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory – Second Edition, Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. Physiological measures included heart rate variability, skin conductance level and skin temperature. Anthropometric characteristics included weight, height, hip size, waistline, blood pressure, heart rate at rest and after mental activity, muscle mass, fat stock, percentage of the body fat, segmental distribution of muscle and fat mass, fat-free mass and the water content in the body. Finally, data from electrocardiographic examination included aortic pulse wave velocity, central aortic pressure and augmentation index.ResultsLife events in last two years correlate with worse quality of life and a higher level of depression. Life events in last two years also correlate with the increase of the risk factors for cardiovascular problems in terms of several anthropometric and physiological measures. Finally, life events in last two years was also related with the overweight.ConclusionsResults suggest some possible mechanisms by which stress may exert adverse effects on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in healthy persons. Primary preventive strategies with the stress management training may prove beneficial.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Slepecky M, Kotianova A, Prasko J, Majercak I, Gyorgyova E, Kotian M, Zatkova M, Tonhajzerova I, Chupacova M, Popelkova M. Coping, schemas, and cardiovascular risks - study protocol. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13:2599-2605. [PMID: 29075121 PMCID: PMC5648306 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s148837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this article is to describe the protocol of a trial focusing on the psychological, anthropometric, cardiac, and psychophysiological factors contributing to increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). As background, the article provides a short overview of research literature linking personal traits, maladaptive schemas, and coping styles with CVDs through reactivity of the autonomic nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Antonia Kotianova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Majercak
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Josef Safarik University in Košice
| | - Erika Gyorgyova
- Internal Medicine and Cardiology Private Practice MUDr Ivan Majercak, Košice
| | - Michal Kotian
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic.,Psychagogia, Liptovsky Mikulas
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Ingrid Tonhajzerova
- Department of Physiology.,Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Michaela Chupacova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic.,Psychagogia, Liptovsky Mikulas
| | - Marta Popelkova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
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Slepecky M, Kotianova A, Prasko J, Majercak I, Gyorgyova E, Kotian M, Zatkova M, Popelkova M, Ociskova M, Tonhajzerova I. Which psychological, psychophysiological, and anthropometric factors are connected with life events, depression, and quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13:2093-2104. [PMID: 28831258 PMCID: PMC5552144 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s141811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine psychological, psychophysiological, and anthropometric factors connected with life events, level of depression, and quality of life in people at risk for cardiovascular disease and healthy controls. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study involving arterial hypertension patients and healthy controls. There were several measurements including physical, anthropological, cardiovascular, and psychophysiological measurements and administration of questionnaires. RESULTS A total of 99 participants were recruited for this study, 54 healthy controls (mean age: 35.59±13.39 years) and 45 patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) (mean age: 46.33±12.39 years). The healthy controls and the patients with CVD significantly differed in the mean total score of life events, level of depression, quality of life score, temperature, blood pressure (BP), pulse transit time, heart rate, high-frequency total power, heart rate variability total power, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body fat percentage, fat control, pulse wave velocity, and augmentation index. In healthy subjects, the total score of the life events was not correlated with any cardiovascular or anthropometric factor. A score of depression significantly correlated with the WHtR, augmentation index, body fat percentage, and fat control. The quality of life - visual scale correlated with the body temperature, BP, and percentage of body fat. In the group of the patients with CVD, the score of the life events did not correlate with any measured cardiovascular or anthropometric factor. The level of depression correlated with the augmentation index. The quality of life - visual scale significantly correlated with body temperature, WHtR, and fat control. CONCLUSION The patients with CVD reported higher scores of life events, worse quality of life, and a greater level of depressive symptoms than healthy controls. In healthy controls, a higher mean total score of life events significantly negatively correlated with high-frequency total power, and the degree of depression correlated with being overweight. In patients with CVD, a score of depression was linked to being overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra
| | - Antonia Kotianova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra.,Psychagogia, Liptovsky Mikulas, Slovak Republic
| | - Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Majercak
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Josef Safarik University in Kosice.,Internal Medicine and Cardiology Private Practice, MUDr Ivan Majercak, Kosice
| | - Erika Gyorgyova
- Internal Medicine and Cardiology Private Practice, MUDr Ivan Majercak, Kosice
| | - Michal Kotian
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra.,Psychagogia, Liptovsky Mikulas, Slovak Republic
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra
| | - Marta Popelkova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ingrid Tonhajzerova
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
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Holubova M, Prasko J, Matousek S, Latalova K, Marackova M, Vrbova K, Grambal A, Slepecky M, Zatkova M. Comparison of self-stigma and quality of life in patients with depressive disorders and schizophrenia spectrum disorders - a cross-sectional study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12:3021-3030. [PMID: 27920539 PMCID: PMC5127433 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s121556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The views of one's self-stigma and quality of life (QoL) in patients with schizophrenia and depressive disorders are significant subjective notions, both being proven to affect patient's functioning in life. The objective of this study was to investigate the QoL and self-stigma in connection with demographic factors and compare the two groups of patients in terms of those variables. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, the outpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and depressive disorders completed the Quality of Life Satisfaction and Enjoyment Questionnaire, the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, and a demographic questionnaire during a routine psychiatric control. Furthermore, both patients and their psychiatrists evaluated the severity of the disorder by Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale. RESULTS The QoL of patients with depressive disorders or schizophrenia spectrum disorders did not significantly differ between the two groups. In both groups, unemployment was perceived to be a significant factor decreasing the QoL. Self-stigma was detected to be higher in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders than in patients with depressive disorders. A strong correlation was found between the two scales, meaning that those with higher levels of self-stigmatization were less prone to see their life as fulfilling and joyful. CONCLUSION This study shows that the degree of the internalized stigma can be an important aspect linked to the QoL irrespective of the diagnostic category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Holubova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc; Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Stanislav Matousek
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Klara Latalova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Marketa Marackova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Kristyna Vrbova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Aleš Grambal
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
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Prasko J, Grambal A, Kasalova P, Kamardova D, Ociskova M, Holubova M, Vrbova K, Sigmundova Z, Latalova K, Slepecky M, Zatkova M. Impact of dissociation on treatment of depressive and anxiety spectrum disorders with and without personality disorders. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12:2659-2676. [PMID: 27799774 PMCID: PMC5074730 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s118058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The central goal of the study was to analyze the impact of dissociation on the treatment effectiveness in patients with anxiety/neurotic spectrum and depressive disorders with or without comorbid personality disorders. METHODS The research sample consisted of inpatients who were hospitalized in the psychiatric department and met the ICD-10 criteria for diagnosis of depressive disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, mixed anxiety-depressive disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, obsessive compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, adjustment disorders, dissociative/conversion disorders, somatoform disorder, or other anxiety/neurotic spectrum disorder. The participants completed these measures at the start and end of the therapeutic program - Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, a subjective version of Clinical Global Impression-Severity, Sheehan Patient-Related Anxiety Scale, and Dissociative Experience Scale. RESULTS A total of 840 patients with anxiety or depressive spectrum disorders, who were resistant to pharmacological treatment on an outpatient basis and were referred for hospitalization for the 6-week complex therapeutic program, were enrolled in this study. Of them, 606 were statistically analyzed. Data from the remaining 234 (27.86%) patients were not used because of various reasons (103 prematurely finished the program, 131 did not fill in most of the questionnaires). The patients' mean ratings on all measurements were significantly reduced during the treatment. Also, 67.5% reached at least minimal improvement (42.4% showed moderate and more improvement, 35.3% of the patients reached remission). The patients without comorbid personality disorder improved more significantly in the reduction of depressive symptoms than those with comorbid personality disorder. However, there were no significant differences in change in anxiety levels and severity of the mental issues between the patients with and without personality disorders. Higher degree of dissociation at the beginning of the treatment predicted minor improvement, and also, higher therapeutic change was connected to greater reduction of the dissociation level. CONCLUSION Dissociation is an important factor that influences the treatment effectiveness in anxiety/depression patients with or without personality disorders resistant to previous treatment. Targeting dissociation in the treatment of these disorders may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Ales Grambal
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Petra Kasalova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Dana Kamardova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Michaela Holubova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc; Psychiatric Department, Hospital Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Vrbova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Zuzana Sigmundova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Klara Latalova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
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Vrbova K, Prasko J, Holubova M, Kamaradova D, Ociskova M, Marackova M, Latalova K, Grambal A, Slepecky M, Zatkova M. Self-stigma and schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12:3011-3020. [PMID: 27920538 PMCID: PMC5127434 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s120298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of self-stigma in schizophrenia and its association with clinical and demographic factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 197 outpatients (54.3% females) diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder) according to International Classification of Diseases - tenth edition participated in the study. The mean age of the patients was 40.10±11.49 years. All individuals completed the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale and a demographic questionnaire. The disorder severity was assessed by both a psychiatrist (the objective version of Clinical Global Impression - severity scale [objCGI-S]) and the patients (the subjective version of Clinical Global Impression - severity scale [subjCGI-S]). Treatment with antipsychotics stabilized the patients. RESULTS The overall level of self-stigma measured by the total score of the ISMI was 63.32±13.59. The total score of the ISMI positively correlated with the severity of the disorder measured by the objCGI-S and subjCGI-S. In addition, self-stigma positively correlated with the treatment duration and the number of psychiatric hospitalizations. The backward stepwise regression was applied to identify the most significant factors connected to self-stigma. The regression analysis identified the following regressors as the most relevant to self-stigma: the number of previous psychiatric hospitalizations, the severity of the disorder rated by a psychiatrist, and the difference between the objective rating and the subjective rating of the severity of the disorder. CONCLUSION Outpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, who have undergone a higher number of psychiatric hospitalizations, who dispose of a higher severity of the disorder and show a higher discrepancy between their rating of the severity and the psychiatric rating, showed a greater degree of self-stigma. The management of self-stigma in patients with schizophrenia should be implemented in the routine care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristyna Vrbova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Michaela Holubova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc; Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Kamaradova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Marketa Marackova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Klara Latalova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Ales Grambal
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc
| | - Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovak Republic
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