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Sensitivity of a blood ctDNA-based multimodal test for the detection of advanced colorectal neoplasms. Ann Oncol 2024; 35:476-477. [PMID: 38311210 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
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Post-operative C-reactive protein as a strong independent predictor of long-term colorectal cancer outcomes: consistent findings from two large patient cohorts. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102982. [PMID: 38613909 PMCID: PMC11033061 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.102982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-surgery blood-based biomarkers may be useful for guiding treatment and surveillance decisions among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, most candidate biomarkers provide little if any predictive value beyond stage at diagnosis. We aimed to investigate the independent prognostic value of post-operative serum C-reactive protein (CRP), a highly sensitive biomarker of inflammation, for long-term CRC outcomes in two large patient cohorts. MATERIALS AND METHODS CRP levels were measured from serum samples of CRC patients collected ≥1 month post-surgery in the German DACHS (n = 1416) and the UK Biobank (n = 1149) cohorts. Associations of post-operative CRP with overall survival (OS) and CRC-specific survival (CSS) were assessed using Cox regression and presented as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for key sociodemographic and clinical covariates. RESULTS In both cohorts, consistent strong dose-response relationships between post-operative CRP and both OS and CSS were observed. Adjusted HRs (95% CI) for CRP >10 versus <3 mg/l were 1.93 (1.58-2.35) and 2.70 (2.03-3.59) in the DACHS cohort, and 2.70 (1.96-3.71) and 2.61 (1.83-3.72) in the UK Biobank cohort, respectively. Associations between post-operative CRP and OS were particularly strong among younger patients (<65 years at diagnosis; P value for interaction by age <0.01). CONCLUSIONS Serum CRP determined a month or more after surgery may be useful as a strong independent prognostic biomarker for guiding therapeutic decisions and for surveillance of the course of disease of CRC patients, particularly those <65 years of age at diagnosis.
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Artificial intelligence for detection of microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer-a multicentric analysis of a pre-screening tool for clinical application. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100400. [PMID: 35247870 PMCID: PMC9058894 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microsatellite instability (MSI)/mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) is a key genetic feature which should be tested in every patient with colorectal cancer (CRC) according to medical guidelines. Artificial intelligence (AI) methods can detect MSI/dMMR directly in routine pathology slides, but the test performance has not been systematically investigated with predefined test thresholds. METHOD We trained and validated AI-based MSI/dMMR detectors and evaluated predefined performance metrics using nine patient cohorts of 8343 patients across different countries and ethnicities. RESULTS Classifiers achieved clinical-grade performance, yielding an area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of up to 0.96 without using any manual annotations. Subsequently, we show that the AI system can be applied as a rule-out test: by using cohort-specific thresholds, on average 52.73% of tumors in each surgical cohort [total number of MSI/dMMR = 1020, microsatellite stable (MSS)/ proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) = 7323 patients] could be identified as MSS/pMMR with a fixed sensitivity at 95%. In an additional cohort of N = 1530 (MSI/dMMR = 211, MSS/pMMR = 1319) endoscopy biopsy samples, the system achieved an AUROC of 0.89, and the cohort-specific threshold ruled out 44.12% of tumors with a fixed sensitivity at 95%. As a more robust alternative to cohort-specific thresholds, we showed that with a fixed threshold of 0.25 for all the cohorts, we can rule-out 25.51% in surgical specimens and 6.10% in biopsies. INTERPRETATION When applied in a clinical setting, this means that the AI system can rule out MSI/dMMR in a quarter (with global thresholds) or half of all CRC patients (with local fine-tuning), thereby reducing cost and turnaround time for molecular profiling.
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Fungicides as efficient tools in integrated control of grape powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator). BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20225003016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Two new species of the Peronospora belbahrii species complex, Pe. choii sp. nov. and Pe. salviae-pratensis sp. nov., and a new host for Pe. salviae-officinalis. Fungal Syst Evol 2020; 6:39-53. [PMID: 32904171 PMCID: PMC7451775 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2020.06.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The downy mildew species parasitic to Mentheae are of particular interest, as this tribe of Lamiaceae contains a variety of important medicinal plants and culinary herbs. Over the past two decades, two pathogens, Peronospora belbahrii and Pe. salviae-officinalis have spread globally, impacting basil and common sage production, respectively. In the original circumscription of Pe. belbahrii, the downy mildew of coleus (Plectranthus scutellarioides) was ascribed to this species in the broader sense, but subtle differences in morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses using two genes suggested that this pathogen would potentially need to be assigned to a species of its own. In the present study, Peronospora species causing downy mildew on members of the Mentheae, including clary sage (Salvia sclarea), meadow sage (S. pratensis), basil (Ocimum basilicum), ground ivy (Glechoma hederacea) and coleus (Plectranthus scutellarioides) were studied using light microscopy and molecular phylogenetic analyses based on six loci (ITS rDNA, cox1, cox2, ef1a, hsp90 and β-tubulin) to clarify the species boundaries in the Pe. belbahrii species complex. The downy mildew on Salvia pratensis is shown to be distinct from Pe. salviae-officinalis and closely related to Pe. glechomae, and is herein described as a new species, Pe. salviae-pratensis. The downy mildew on S. sclarea was found to be caused by Pe. salviae-officinalis. This is of phytopathological importance, because meadow sage thus does not play a role as inoculum source for common sage in the natural habitat of the former in Europe and Asia, while clary sage probably does. The multi-gene phylogeny revealed that the causal agent of downy mildew on coleus is distinct from Pe. belbahrii on basil, and is herein described as a new taxon, Pe. choii.
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Lifestyle factors and risk of sporadic colorectal cancer by microsatellite instability status: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Ann Oncol 2019; 29:825-834. [PMID: 29438474 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The association of lifestyle factors with molecular pathological subtypes of colorectal cancer (CRC), such as microsatellite instability (MSI), could provide further knowledge about the colorectal carcinogenic process. The aim of this review was to evaluate possible associations between lifestyle factors and risk of sporadic CRC by MSI status. Methods PubMed and Web of Science were searched for studies investigating the association between alcohol, body mass index, dietary fiber, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical activity, red meat, smoking, or statin use, with MSI-high (MSI-H) and microsatellite stable (MSS) CRC. Meta-analyses were carried out to calculate summary relative risks (sRR). Results Overall, 31 studies reporting on the association between lifestyle factors and CRC according to MSI status were included in this review. Ever smoking was associated with MSI-H (sRR = 1.62; 95% CI: 1.40-1.88) and MSS/MSI-low CRC (sRR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.01-1.20), but the association was significantly stronger for MSI-H CRC. The use of HRT was associated with a 20% decrease (sRR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.73-0.89) in the risk of MSS CRC, but was not associated with MSI-H CRC. An increase in body mass index per 5 kg/m2 was equally associated with MSS and MSI-H CRC (sRR = 1.22, in both cases), but was statistically significant for MSS CRC only (95% CI: 1.11-1.34 and 0.94-1.58, respectively). Limited evidence for associations between other lifestyle factors and CRC by MSI status exists. Conclusions Lifestyle factors, such as HRT and smoking are differentially associated with the risk of MSI-H and MSS CRC. Further research on associations of lifestyle factors and CRC subtypes is necessary to provide a better understanding of the CRC disease pathway.
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Microsatellite instability and survival after adjuvant chemotherapy among stage II and III colon cancer patients: results from a population-based study. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz154.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Covariation and phenotypic integration in chemical communication displays: biosynthetic constraints and eco-evolutionary implications. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 220:739-749. [PMID: 28256726 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemical communication is ubiquitous. The identification of conserved structural elements in visual and acoustic communication is well established, but comparable information on chemical communication displays (CCDs) is lacking. We assessed the phenotypic integration of CCDs in a meta-analysis to characterize patterns of covariation in CCDs and identified functional or biosynthetically constrained modules. Poorly integrated plant CCDs (i.e. low covariation between scent compounds) support the notion that plants often utilize one or few key compounds to repel antagonists or to attract pollinators and enemies of herbivores. Animal CCDs (mostly insect pheromones) were usually more integrated than those of plants (i.e. stronger covariation), suggesting that animals communicate via fixed proportions among compounds. Both plant and animal CCDs were composed of modules, which are groups of strongly covarying compounds. Biosynthetic similarity of compounds revealed biosynthetic constraints in the covariation patterns of plant CCDs. We provide a novel perspective on chemical communication and a basis for future investigations on structural properties of CCDs. This will facilitate identifying modules and biosynthetic constraints that may affect the outcome of selection and thus provide a predictive framework for evolutionary trajectories of CCDs in plants and animals.
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How long does it take until the effects of endoscopic screening on colorectal cancer mortality are fully disclosed? A Markov Model study. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2018.05.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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The best age for screening colonoscopy: A Markov Model study. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2018.05.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Pain and structural alterations in knee joints in patients with haemophilia. Haemophilia 2018; 24:657-666. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.13472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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A novel CpG panel is independently associated with colorectal cancer survival. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx393.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Genome-wide methylation analysis reveals a prognostic classifier for non-metastatic colorectal cancer (ProMCol). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx363.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Utilization of surveillance colonoscopy within 6 years after screening colonoscopy: prospective cohort study. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1605695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Plasma miRNAs as prognostic markers in colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)61699-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Herbivore-induced changes in flower scent and morphology affect the structure of flower-visitor networks but not plant reproduction. OIKOS 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.02988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Frequency of therapy-relevant staging shifts in colorectal cancer through the introduction of pN1c in the 7th TNM edition. Eur J Cancer 2014; 50:2958-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Smoking and survival of colorectal cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Oncol 2014; 25:1517-25. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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[Implementing an Organised Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme in Germany: Opportunities and Challenges]. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2014; 77:869-74. [PMID: 25025294 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1377027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Each year in Germany, about 65,000 people are diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) and more than 25,000 people die of the disease. The majority of these cases could be avoided by a more effective screening programme. Recently, a law came into force that offers a great opportunity in this regard. It calls for introducing an organised CRC screening programme in Germany, which includes an invitation system as well as further measures for quality assurance and programme evaluation. To realise this opportunity, challenges of implementation need to be considered. The aim of this review article is to elaborate the challenges of an organised CRC screening in Germany in order to derive the need for action regarding successful implementation. METHODS This review article is based on a selective literature search, including current guidelines and recommendations. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In the context of CRC screening, but also by colonoscopies performed for other indications (e.g., due to symptoms), precancerous lesions (adenomas) are detected and removed in a relevant proportion of the target population, which requires a surveillance examination after 3 or 5 years according to current recommendations. Therefore, an efficient invitation system for CRC screening should be designed to allow for a flexible interval depending on previous findings, which differs from mammography screening with its fixed interval. A prerequisite would be the standardised documentation of all colonoscopies irrespective of the indication, given that a substantial proportion of colonoscopies in Germany are performed outside of the screening program. Still, the work load regarding documentation could be less than for mammography screening. Another challenge in terms of organisation results from the parallel offer of 2 different screening tools (colonoscopy and faecal occult blood test). To realise the potential of an organised CRC screening, it seems important to devote sufficient time and resources for developing an efficient and feasible concept, while there might be interim options to avoid further delay regarding the initial invitation of the target population. Given that expertise from, amongst others, gastroenterology, epidemiology, clinical chemistry and health communication is required, an interdisciplinary approach appears essential.
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Establishment of robust controls for the normalization of miRNA expression in neuroendocrine tumors of the ileum and pancreas. Endocrine 2014; 46:226-30. [PMID: 24535468 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-014-0202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
There is need to determine tissue-specific robust controls for normalization of microRNA expression to avoid false results and misinterpretation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of different small RNAs in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and their suitability as normalizers in miRNA real-time PCR experiments. We investigated the expression of the nine small RNAs miR-93, miR-191, SNORD48, SNORD61, SNORD68, SNORD72, SNORD95, SNORD96a, and RNU6-2 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples of 25 ileal NETs by real-time PCR determining the most stable controls for expression normalization using four different algorithms. This analysis was expended to ten pancreatic NETs. Finally, five small RNAs were further tested as normalizers for miRNA-133a expression, which is known to be downregulated in metastases of ileal NETs, in ten matched pairs of ileal NETs and their metastases. Ranking of the expression results revealed the following order of stability from high to low: SNORD61 < SNORD95 < SNORD72 < SNORD96a < SNORD68 < miR-191 < miR-93 < RNU6-2 < SNORD48 for ileal NETs and SNORD95 < miR-93 < SNORD96a < SNORD61 < SNORD68 < SNORD72 < RNU6-2 < miR-191 < SNORD48 for pancreatic NETs. The determination of SNORD61 and SNORD95 for ileal NETs and SNORD95 and miR-93 for pancreatic NETs as good normalizers presents a useful tool for experiments involving the analysis of miRNA expression.
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Functional characterization of the tumor-suppressor MARCKS in colorectal cancer and its association with survival. Oncogene 2014; 34:1150-9. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Effects of management and structural connectivity on the plant communities of organic vegetable field margins in South Korea. Ecol Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-013-1081-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Performance of additional colonoscopies and yield of neoplasms within 3 years after screening colonoscopy: a historical cohort study. Endoscopy 2013; 45:537-46. [PMID: 23801314 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1326485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS After screening colonoscopy, additional colonoscopies may be required for adenoma surveillance or diagnostic reasons. The aim of the present study was to explore their utilization and findings in routine practice. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study comprised an historical cohort of individuals participating in colonoscopy screening in 2006. Utilization and yield of neoplasms of additional colonoscopies performed in these individuals by the same physician ( < 6 months and 6 - 36 months after screening) between 2006 and 2009 were assessed using data of a colonoscopy quality assurance program in Bavaria, Germany. Screening including polypectomy, and short-term follow-up colonoscopy was assumed to have been completed within ≤ 6 months. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of additional colonoscopy and advanced neoplasms (high risk adenoma or colorectal cancer [CRC]) among those with additional colonoscopy during the period of 6 - 36 months after screening. RESULTS A total of 51 301 individuals undergoing screening colonoscopy were included. Of these, 10.1 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 9.8 % - 10.3 %) had an additional colonoscopy performed by the same physician between 6 and 36 months after screening. The percentages of those with additional colonoscopy were 5.7 % (95 %CI 5.5 % - 5.9 %), 18.6 % (95 %CI 17.8 % - 19.4 %), and 33.7 % (95 %CI 32.2 % - 35.2 %) after negative screening, low risk adenoma at screening, and high risk adenoma at screening, respectively. The overall findings were negative colonoscopy, low risk adenoma, high risk adenoma, and CRC in 68.6 % (95 %CI 67.3 % - 69.8 %), 24.1 % (95 %CI 23.0 % - 25.3 %), 6.7 % (95 %CI 6.0 % - 7.4 %), and 0.6 % (95 %CI 0.4 % - 0.8 %), respectively. Younger age, male sex, screen-detected adenomas, inflammatory bowel disease, and early repeat colonoscopy within 6 months were predictors of additional colonoscopy. Older age, male sex, screen-detected adenomas, and surveillance indications were associated with increased risk of advanced neoplasms at post-screening colonoscopy. CONCLUSION The results indicate frequent utilization of additional colonoscopies along with substantial adenoma yield in the first 3 years after screening colonoscopy.
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Krankenhausaufnahmen innerhalb von 30 Tagen nach präventiven und kurativen Koloskopien aufgrund von potentiellen Komplikationen – Eine Analyse mit Daten der Versichertenstichprobe der AOK Hessen/ KV Hessen. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1323490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that sex steroids influence colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis. The oestrogen receptor β (ERβ) is the predominantly expressed ER in the colon and loss of ERβ in CRC has been associated with advanced cancer stages. METHODS Information on vital status by the end of 2009 was obtained for 1262 CRC patients recruited between 2003 and 2007. The ERβ expression was immunohistochemically measured and associations of ERβ scores with overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for prognostic factors, such as tumour stage and second primary tumours. RESULTS Of the 1101 tumour samples with successful measurement, 535 were ERβ negative (48.6%), 381 (34.6%) showed moderate and 185 (16.8%) showed high ERβ expression. Compared with high ERβ expression, lack of ERβ was associated with higher cancer stages as well as greater tumour extent. In multivariate analyses, ERβ negativity was associated with an increased hazard ratio for death (HR=1.61, 95% CI 1.09-2.40, P=0.02), death attributed to CRC (HR=1.54, 95% CI 0.99-2.39, P=0.06) as well as a poorer DFS (DFS HR=1.64, 95% CI 1.23-3.36, P=0.04). The associations were stronger in stage I-III patients (OS HR=2.20, 95% CI 1.28-4.06, P=0.007, DSS HR=2.38, 95% CI 1.20-5.39, P=0.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Lack of ERβ expression is associated with advanced cancer stages and independently associated with poor survival.
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Benefit finding and post-traumatic growth in long-term colorectal cancer survivors: prevalence, determinants, and associations with quality of life. Br J Cancer 2011; 105:1158-65. [PMID: 21878935 PMCID: PMC3208486 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As research on quality of life of colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors has mainly focused on downsides of cancer survivorship, the aim of this study is to investigate benefit finding (BF) and post-traumatic growth (PTG) in long-term CRC survivors. METHODS Benefit finding, PTG, and quality of life were assessed 5 years after diagnosis in a population-based cohort of 483 CRC patients using the benefit finding scale, the post-traumatic growth inventory, and the EORTC QLQ-C30. Prevalence of BF and PTG, determinants of moderate-to-high BF and PTG, and the association between BF, PTG, and quality of life were investigated. RESULTS Moderate to high levels of BF and PTG were experienced by 64% and 46% of the survivors, respectively. Survivors with the highest level of education and with higher depression scores reported less BF and PTG. The PTG increased with increasing stage and self-reported burden of diagnosis. Quality of life only correlated weakly with PTG (Pearson's r=0.1180, P=0.0112) and not with BF (r=0.0537, P=0.2456). CONCLUSION Many long-term CRC survivors experience BF and PTG. As these constructs were not strongly correlated with quality of life, focusing solely on quality of life after cancer misses an important aspect of survivorship.
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P1-507 Polymorphisms in genes related to sex steroid transport and signalling modulate menopausal hormone therapy effect on risk of colorectal cancer. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976g.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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P1-508 Oestrogen receptor expression in colorectal cancer. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976g.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Association of genetic polymorphisms in ESR2, HSD17B1, ABCB1, and SHBG genes with colorectal cancer risk. Endocr Relat Cancer 2011; 18:265-76. [PMID: 21317201 DOI: 10.1530/erc-10-0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The incidence rates and relative risks for colorectal cancer (CRC) are higher in men than in women. Sex steroids may play a role in this gender-associated difference in CRC risk. This study was conducted to explore the relationship of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in steroid hormone signaling (ESR1, ESR2, PGR, NR1I2, and SHBG), phase I- and II-metabolizing enzyme (COMT, HSD17B1, CYP1A1, CYP17A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, CYP2C19, and GSTP1), and hormone transporter (ABCB1) genes with the risk of CRC in German women and men, separately. From the population-based DACHS study (South Germany), 47 putatively functional SNPs were genotyped in 1798 CRC cases (746 women and 1052 men) and 1810 controls (732 women and 1078 men). Significant allele dose-response associations were observed with ESR2_rs1255998, ESR2_rs928554, HSD17B1_rs605059, and ABCB1_rs2229109 in women (P trend=0.004, 0.05, 0.03, and 0.05 respectively) and with ABCB1_rs1045642, ABCB1_rs9282564, and SHBG_rs6259 in men (P trend=0.01, 0.03, and 0.02 respectively). The ESR2_rs1255998_G allele showed the most significant association with risk for CRC in women, with a per-allele odds ratio (OR) of 0.68 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52-0.88). This finding was replicated in an independent study from North Germany including 1076 female CRC cases and 1151 controls (OR=0.84, 95% CI 0.71-1.04), yielding a per-allele OR of 0.80 (95% CI 0.69-0.93, P trend=0.003) in the pooled sample. These findings implicate a role of ESR2 in the risk for developing CRC in women and suggest that HSD17B1, ABCB1, and SHBG genes may contribute to sex steroid-mediated effects on CRC development.
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Protection from colorectal cancer after colonoscopy: Population-based case-control study. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1266163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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31
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Single nucleotide polymorphisms in Wnt signaling and apoptotic pathway genes and susceptibility to colorectal cancer. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1266727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Association of body mass, smoking and microsatellite status in colorectal cancer: A population-based case-control study (DACHS). DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1266162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Polymorphismen in östrogenbezogenen Transporter-, Metabolismus- und Signalgebungs-Genen modifizieren den Effekt menopausaler Hormontherapie auf das Darmkrebsrisiko. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1266732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Polymorphisms in inflammatory pathway genes and their associations with colorectal cancer risk. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1266457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Response: Re: Protection From Right- and Left-Sided Colorectal Neoplasms After Colonoscopy: Population-Based Study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djq191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Effect Modification by Smoking on the Association between Genetic Polymorphisms in Oxidative Stress Genes and Colorectal Cancer Risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009; 18:2336-8. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-09-0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Should colorectal cancer screening start at the same age in European countries? Contributions from descriptive epidemiology. Br J Cancer 2008; 99:532-5. [PMID: 18628760 PMCID: PMC2527806 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2008] [Revised: 06/02/2008] [Accepted: 06/09/2008] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) at various ages among women and men in 38 European countries. The ages at which defined levels of incidence and mortality were reached varied between 9 and 17 years between countries. This variation requires consideration in the definition of screening guidelines.
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Hormone replacement therapy, body mass, and the risk of colorectal cancer among postmenopausal women from Germany. Br J Cancer 2007; 97:1486-92. [PMID: 17987040 PMCID: PMC2360268 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported inconsistent results regarding the modifying effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the association of body mass index (BMI) and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) among postmenopausal women. We assessed the use of HRT and BMI in 208 postmenopausal women with histologically confirmed incident CRC and 246 controls in a population-based case–control study in Germany (DACHS study). Ever use of HRT was strongly associated with reduction of CRC risk (adjusted odds ratio 0.41, 95% confidence interval 0.25–0.67). Among nonusers of HRT, risk of CRC was strongly increased in women with BMI 27 to <30 kg m−2 (2.76, 1.07–7.12) and obese women (3.30, 1.25–8.72), when compared with women with BMI <23 kg m−2 (P for trend <0.01). BMI was not associated with risk of CRC among HRT users (P for interaction <0.01). In contrast to most other studies, a positive association of BMI and CRC risk was found among nonusers of HRT, but not among users of HRT. The reasons for the inconsistency of results regarding the potential risk modifying effect of postmenopausal hormones in the association of BMI with CRC remain inconclusive and require further study.
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Abstract
There is some variation regarding age at initiation of screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) between countries, but the same age of initiation is generally recommended for women and men within countries, despite important gender differences in the epidemiology of CRC. We have explored whether, and to what extent, these differences would be relevant regarding age at initiation of CRC screening. Using population-based cancer registry data from the US and national mortality statistics from different countries, we looked at cumulative 10-year incidence and mortality of CRC reached among men at ages 50, 55, and 60, and found that women mainly reached equivalent levels when 4 to 8 years older. The gender differences were remarkably constant across populations and over time. These patterns suggest that gender differentiation of age at initiation may be worthwhile to utilise CRC-screening resources more efficiently.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Screening colonoscopy is thought to be a powerful and cost-effective tool to reduce colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Whether and when colonoscopy with negative findings has to be repeated is not well defined. The aim of this study was to assess the long term risk of clinically manifest colorectal cancer among subjects with negative findings at colonoscopy. PATIENTS 380 cases and 485 controls participating in a population based case-control study in Germany. METHODS Detailed history and results of previous colonoscopies were obtained by interview and from medical records. Adjusted relative risks of colorectal cancer among subjects with a previous negative colonoscopy compared with those without previous colonoscopy were estimated according to time since colonoscopy. RESULTS Subjects with previous negative colonoscopy had a 74% lower risk of colorectal cancer than those without previous colonoscopy (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.26 (95% confidence interval, 0.16 to 0.40)). This low risk was seen even if the colonoscopy had been done up to 20 or more years previously. Particularly low risks were seen for sigma cancer (aOR = 0.13 (0.04 to 0.43)) and for rectal cancer (aOR = 0.19 (0.09 to 0.39)), and after a negative screening colonoscopy at ages 55 to 64 (aOR = 0.17 (0.08 to 0.39)) and older (aOR = 0.21 (0.10 to 0.41)). CONCLUSIONS Subjects with negative findings at colonoscopy are at very low risk of colorectal cancer and might not need to undergo repeat colonoscopy for 20 years or more, if at all. The possibility of extending screening intervals to 20 years or more might reduce complications and increase the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of colonoscopy based screening programmes.
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043-S: Smoking and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in a German Population-Based Case-Control Study. Am J Epidemiol 2005. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/161.supplement_1.s11b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Biochemistry and biotechnological applications of Gluconobacter strains. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2002; 60:233-42. [PMID: 12436304 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-002-1114-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2002] [Revised: 07/01/2002] [Accepted: 08/28/2002] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The genus Gluconobacter belongs to the group of acetic acid bacteria, which are characterized by their ability to incompletely oxidize a wide range of carbohydrates and alcohols. The corresponding products (aldehydes, ketones and organic acids) are excreted almost completely into the medium. In most cases, the reactions are catalyzed by dehydrogenases connected to the respiratory chain. Since the reactive centers of the enzymes are oriented towards the periplasmic space, transport of substrates and products into, and out of, the cell is not necessary. Thus, rapid accumulation of incompletely oxidized products in the medium is facilitated. These organisms are able to grow in highly concentrated sugar solutions and at low pH-values. High oxidation rates correlate with low biomass production, which makes Gluconobacter strains interesting organisms for industrial applications. Modern fermentation processes, such as the production of L-sorbose (vitamin C synthesis) and 6-amino- L-sorbose (synthesis of the antidiabetic drug miglitol) are carried out with members of this genus. Other important products are dihydroxyacetone, gluconate and ketogluconates. The bacteria belonging to the genus Gluconobacter exhibit extraordinary uniqueness not only in their biochemistry but also in their growth behavior and response to extreme culture conditions. This uniqueness makes them ideal organisms for microbial process development.
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An overview of endosymbiotic models for the origins of eukaryotes, their ATP-producing organelles (mitochondria and hydrogenosomes), and their heterotrophic lifestyle. Biol Chem 2001; 382:1521-39. [PMID: 11767942 DOI: 10.1515/bc.2001.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary processes underlying the differentness of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and the origin of the latter's organelles are still poorly understood. For about 100 years, the principle of endosymbiosis has figured into thoughts as to how these processes might have occurred. A number of models that have been discussed in the literature and that are designed to explain this difference are summarized. The evolutionary histories of the enzymes of anaerobic energy metabolism (oxygen-independent ATP synthesis) in the three basic types of heterotrophic eukaryotes those that lack organelles of ATP synthesis, those that possess mitochondria and those that possess hydrogenosomes--play an important role in this issue. Traditional endosymbiotic models generally do not address the origin of the heterotrophic lifestyle and anaerobic energy metabolism in eukaryotes. Rather they take it as a given, a direct inheritance from the host that acquired mitochondria. Traditional models are contrasted to an alternative endosymbiotic model (the hydrogen hypothesis), which addresses the origin of heterotrophy and the origin of compartmentalized energy metabolism in eukaryotes.
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Keeping pharmacists up-to-date on the biomedical literature. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY 1994; 51:1632, 1635. [PMID: 7942887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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[How do parents adjust to a child with cancer? A clinical study of the psychosocial status of parents of children with cancer]. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 1992; 140:330-5. [PMID: 1640942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
As chronic life-threatening diseases, cancer or leukemia in children generates an extreme situation for the family involved that can go on for years. Psychosocial care for all family members by a pediatric oncologist should be integrated into the treatment plan, as this is both helpful and necessary.
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The influence of the pore structure of the support on the properties of supported liquid-phase catalysts. Chem Eng Sci 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2509(90)80144-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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[Psychosocial consequences of cancer in a child for its parents and siblings]. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 1984; 132:600-2. [PMID: 6482882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cancer in children leads to extreme situations not only for the child but for all members of the family. Fear of death quite often over years has severe psychosocial consequences for the sick child, its parents and siblings. Without sufficient help from the therapeutic team the family is usually not able, to cope with these problems.
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Hapten-binding capacity and population heterogeneity of chicken anti-Dnp IgG antibody. Mol Immunol 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/0161-5890(75)90156-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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