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Ay M, Charli A, Langley M, Jang A, Padhi P, Jin H, Anantharam V, Kalyanaraman B, Kanthasamy A, Kanthasamy AG. Mito-metformin protects against mitochondrial dysfunction and dopaminergic neuronal degeneration by activating upstream PKD1 signaling in cell culture and MitoPark animal models of Parkinson's disease. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1356703. [PMID: 38449738 PMCID: PMC10915001 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1356703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Impaired mitochondrial function and biogenesis have strongly been implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Thus, identifying the key signaling mechanisms regulating mitochondrial biogenesis is crucial to developing new treatment strategies for PD. We previously reported that protein kinase D1 (PKD1) activation protects against neuronal cell death in PD models by regulating mitochondrial biogenesis. To further harness the translational drug discovery potential of targeting PKD1-mediated neuroprotective signaling, we synthesized mito-metformin (Mito-Met), a mitochondria-targeted analog derived from conjugating the anti-diabetic drug metformin with a triphenylphosphonium functional group, and then evaluated the preclinical efficacy of Mito-Met in cell culture and MitoPark animal models of PD. Mito-Met (100-300 nM) significantly activated PKD1 phosphorylation, as well as downstream Akt and AMPKα phosphorylation, more potently than metformin, in N27 dopaminergic neuronal cells. Furthermore, treatment with Mito-Met upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) implying that Mito-Met can promote mitochondrial biogenesis. Interestingly, Mito-Met significantly increased mitochondrial bioenergetics capacity in N27 dopaminergic cells. Mito-Met also reduced mitochondrial fragmentation induced by the Parkinsonian neurotoxicant MPP+ in N27 cells and protected against MPP+-induced TH-positive neurite loss in primary neurons. More importantly, Mito-Met treatment (10 mg/kg, oral gavage for 8 week) significantly improved motor deficits and reduced striatal dopamine depletion in MitoPark mice. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Mito-Met possesses profound neuroprotective effects in both in vitro and in vivo models of PD, suggesting that pharmacological activation of PKD1 signaling could be a novel neuroprotective translational strategy in PD and other related neurocognitive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Ay
- Parkinson’s Disorder Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Adhithiya Charli
- Parkinson’s Disorder Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Monica Langley
- Parkinson’s Disorder Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Ahyoung Jang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Isakson Center for Neurological Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Piyush Padhi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Isakson Center for Neurological Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Huajun Jin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Isakson Center for Neurological Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Isakson Center for Neurological Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | | | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Isakson Center for Neurological Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
- Parkinson’s Disorder Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Isakson Center for Neurological Disease Research, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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Ay M. Evaluation of fisetin as a potential inducer of mitochondrial biogenesis in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2023; 26:1320-1325. [PMID: 37886009 PMCID: PMC10598817 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.72272.15714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Increasing evidence implicates impaired mitochondrial biogenesis as an important contributor to mitochondrial dysfunction, which plays a central role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD). For this reason, targeting mitochondrial biogenesis may present a promising therapeutic strategy for PD. The present study attempted to investigate the effects of fisetin, a dietary flavonoid, on mitochondrial biogenesis and the expression of PD-associated genes in neuronal cells. Materials and Methods The effects of fisetin on mitochondrial biogenesis were evaluated by three different approaches; PGC-1α and TFAM mRNA expressions by RT-qPCR, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content by quantitative PCR and mitochondrial mass by MitoTracker staining. Next, a PCR array was performed to evaluate the effects of fisetin on the expression profile of PD-associated genes. Finally, the common targets of fisetin and PD were analyzed by in silico analyses. Results The results demonstrated that fisetin treatment can increase PGC-1α and TFAM mRNA levels, mtDNA copy number, and mitochondrial mass in neuronal cells. Fisetin also altered the expressions of some PD-related genes involved in neuroprotection and neuronal differentiation. Moreover, the bioinformatics analyses suggested that the AKT1-GSK3B signaling might be responsible for the potential neuroprotective effects of fisetin. Conclusion Collectively, these results imply that fisetin could modulate some neuroprotective mechanisms including mitochondrial biogenesis, and may serve as a potential drug candidate for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Ay
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Alanya, Antalya, Turkey
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Langley MR, Ghaisas S, Palanisamy BN, Ay M, Jin H, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy A, Kanthasamy AG. Characterization of nonmotor behavioral impairments and their neurochemical mechanisms in the MitoPark mouse model of progressive neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol 2021; 341:113716. [PMID: 33839143 PMCID: PMC9797183 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated as a key player in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). The MitoPark mouse, a transgenic mitochondrial impairment model developed by specific inactivation of TFAM in dopaminergic neurons, spontaneously exhibits progressive motor deficits and neurodegeneration, recapitulating several features of PD. Since nonmotor symptoms are now recognized as important features of the prodromal stage of PD, we comprehensively assessed the clinically relevant motor and nonmotor deficiencies from ages 8-24 wk in both male and female MitoPark mice and their littermate controls. As expected, motor deficits in MitoPark mice began around 12-14 wk and became severe by 16-24 wk. Interestingly, MitoPark mice exhibited olfactory deficits in the novel and social scent tests as early as 10-12 wk as compared to age-matched littermate controls. Additionally, male MitoPark mice showed spatial memory deficits before female mice, beginning at 8 wk and becoming most severe at 16 wk, as determined by the Morris water maze. MitoPark mice between 16 and 24 wk spent more time immobile in forced swim and tail suspension tests, and made fewer entries into open arms of the elevated plus maze, indicating a depressive and anxiety-like phenotype, respectively. Importantly, depressive behavior as determined by immobility in forced swim test was reversible by antidepressant treatment with desipramine. Neurochemical and mechanistic studies revealed significant changes in CREB phosphorylation, BDNF, and catecholamine levels as well as neurogenesis in key brain regions. Collectively, our results indicate that MitoPark mice progressively exhibit deficits in olfactory discrimination, cognitive learning and memory, and anxiety- and depression-like behaviors as well as key neurochemical signaling associated with nonmotor deficits in PD. Thus, MitoPark mice can serve as an invaluable model for studying nonmotor deficits in addition to studying the motor deficits related to pathology in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica R Langley
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States of America
| | - Shivani Ghaisas
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States of America
| | - Bharathi N Palanisamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States of America
| | - Muhammet Ay
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States of America
| | - Huajun Jin
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States of America
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States of America
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States of America
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States of America.
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Sarkar S, Nguyen HM, Malovic E, Luo J, Langley M, Palanisamy BN, Singh N, Manne S, Neal M, Gabrielle M, Abdalla A, Anantharam P, Rokad D, Panicker N, Singh V, Ay M, Charli A, Harischandra D, Jin LW, Jin H, Rangaraju S, Anantharam V, Wulff H, Kanthasamy AG. Kv1.3 modulates neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:4195-4212. [PMID: 32597830 DOI: 10.1172/jci136174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterization of the key cellular targets contributing to sustained microglial activation in neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD), and optimal modulation of these targets can provide potential treatments to halt disease progression. Here, we demonstrated that microglial Kv1.3, a voltage-gated potassium channel, was transcriptionally upregulated in response to aggregated α-synuclein (αSynAgg) stimulation in primary microglial cultures and animal models of PD, as well as in postmortem human PD brains. Patch-clamp electrophysiological studies confirmed that the observed Kv1.3 upregulation translated to increased Kv1.3 channel activity. The kinase Fyn, a risk factor for PD, modulated transcriptional upregulation and posttranslational modification of microglial Kv1.3. Multiple state-of-the-art analyses, including Duolink proximity ligation assay imaging, revealed that Fyn directly bound to Kv1.3 and posttranslationally modified its channel activity. Furthermore, we demonstrated the functional relevance of Kv1.3 in augmenting the neuroinflammatory response by using Kv1.3-KO primary microglia and the Kv1.3-specific small-molecule inhibitor PAP-1, thus highlighting the importance of Kv1.3 in neuroinflammation. Administration of PAP-1 significantly inhibited neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in multiple animal models of PD. Collectively, our results imply that Fyn-dependent regulation of Kv1.3 channels plays an obligatory role in accentuating the neuroinflammatory response in PD and identify Kv1.3 as a potential therapeutic target for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvarish Sarkar
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Hai M Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, UCD, Davis, California, USA
| | - Emir Malovic
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Jie Luo
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Monica Langley
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Bharathi N Palanisamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Neeraj Singh
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Sireesha Manne
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Matthew Neal
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Michelle Gabrielle
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmed Abdalla
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Poojya Anantharam
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Veterinary Medicine Building, ISU, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Dharmin Rokad
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Nikhil Panicker
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Vikrant Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, UCD, Davis, California, USA
| | - Muhammet Ay
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Adhithiya Charli
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Dilshan Harischandra
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- M.I.N.D. Institute, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCD, Davis, California, USA
| | - Huajun Jin
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Srikant Rangaraju
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Heike Wulff
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, UCD, Davis, California, USA
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA
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Kocak MN, Sade R, Ay M, Polat G, Pirimoglu B, Yalcın A, Kapakin S, Kabakus IM, Ur M. Analysis of posterior circulation diameters depending on age, sex and side by computed tomography angiography. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2020; 80:527-532. [PMID: 32789841 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2020.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posterior circulation of brain is important because of vital organs' blood supply provided by them. In this study, we evaluate the relationship of posterior circulation measurements with age, gender and side by using computed tomography angiography (CTA) images. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total 199 brain CTA examinations were retrospectively analysed for all posterior circulation arteries (vertebral artery, basilar artery, posterior cerebral artery [PCA], superior cerebellar artery [SCA], anterior inferior cerebellar artery, and posterior inferior cerebellar artery [PICA]) to compare the difference based on age, gender and side. RESULTS There is no correlation between age and the mean diameters of all vessels (p > 0.05). The mean diameter of left vertebral artery was higher than right vertebral artery in all genders (p = 0.004 for males and p < 0.001 for females). The mean diameter of left SCA and PICA were higher than right SCA and PICA in females (p = 0.032 and p = 0.027, respectively). The mean diameters of basilar, left PCA, left SCA, left vertebral, right PCA, right SCA, right PICA and right vertebral artery were higher in males and that differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.006, p = 0.004, p = 0.001, p = 0.003, p = 0.002, and p = 0.006, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The posterior circulation vessel diameter is not affected by aging. The mean diameters of basilar artery, both PCAs, both SCAs, right PICA, both vertebral arteries were higher in males. The mean diameter of left vertebral artery is higher than that of right vertebral artery in all genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Kocak
- Clinical Research, Development and Design Application and Research Centre, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.,Educational and Training Hospital, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - R Sade
- Educational and Training Hospital, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey. .,Department of Radiology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey. .,Clinical Research, Development and Design Application and Research Centre, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - M Ay
- Educational and Training Hospital, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.,Department of Radiology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - G Polat
- Educational and Training Hospital, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.,Department of Radiology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - B Pirimoglu
- Educational and Training Hospital, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.,Department of Radiology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - A Yalcın
- Department of Radiology, Medical Faculty, Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - S Kapakin
- Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - I M Kabakus
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, South Carolina, United States
| | - M Ur
- Siemens Healthcare, Istanbul, Turkey
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Yılmaz Çankaya B, Polat G, Aksungur N, Yalçın A, Korkut E, Sade R, Pirimoğlu RB, Kara S, Ay M, Altuntaş N, Alper F. Relationship of vascular variations with liver remnant volume in living liver transplant donors. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2020; 80:590-595. [PMID: 32748950 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2020.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we investigated the relationship between the portal vein and hepatic artery variations and the remaining liver volume in living donors in liver transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the study, triphasic abdominal computed tomography images of 180 live liver donor candidates were analysed retrospectively. Portal veins were divided into four groups according to the Nakamura classification and seven groups according to the Michels classification. The relationship between vascular variations and remnant liver volume was compared statistically. RESULTS According to the Nakamura classification, there were 143 (79.4%) type A, 23 (12.7%) type B, 7 (3.9%) type C and 7 (3.9%) type D cases. Using the Michels classification, 129 (71%) type 1, 12 (6.7%) type 2, 24 (13%) type 3, 2 (2.2%) type 4, 10 (5.6%) type 5, 1 (0.6%) type 6, and 2 (1.1%) type 7 cases were detected. There was no significant difference in the percentage of the remaining volume of the left liver lobe between the groups (p = 0.055, p = 0.207, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Variations in the hepatic artery and portal vein do not affect the remaining liver volume in liver transplantation donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Yılmaz Çankaya
- Department of Radiology, Atatürk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - G Polat
- Department of Radiology, Atatürk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - N Aksungur
- Department of General Surgery, Atatürk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - A Yalçın
- Department of Radiology, Binali Yıldırım University Mengücek Gazi Training and Research Hospital, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - E Korkut
- Department of General Surgery, Atatürk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - R Sade
- Department of Radiology, Atatürk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - R B Pirimoğlu
- Department of Radiology, Atatürk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - S Kara
- Department of General Surgery, Atatürk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - M Ay
- Department of Radiology, Atatürk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - N Altuntaş
- Department of General Surgery, Atatürk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - F Alper
- Department of Radiology, Atatürk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
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Ghaisas S, Langley MR, Palanisamy BN, Dutta S, Narayanaswamy K, Plummer PJ, Sarkar S, Ay M, Jin H, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy A, Kanthasamy AG. MitoPark transgenic mouse model recapitulates the gastrointestinal dysfunction and gut-microbiome changes of Parkinson's disease. Neurotoxicology 2019; 75:186-199. [PMID: 31505196 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances are one of the earliest symptoms affecting most patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In many cases, these symptoms are observed years before motor impairments become apparent. Hence, the molecular and cellular underpinnings that contribute to this early GI dysfunction in PD have actively been explored using a relevant animal model. The MitoPark model is a chronic, progressive mouse model recapitulating several key pathophysiological aspects of PD. However, GI dysfunction and gut microbiome changes have not been categorized in this model. Herein, we show that decreased GI motility was one of the first non-motor symptoms to develop, evident as early as 8 weeks with significantly different transit times from 12 weeks onwards. These symptoms were observed well before motor symptoms developed, thereby paralleling PD progression in humans. At age 24 weeks, we observed increased colon transit time and reduced fecal water content, indicative of constipation. Intestinal inflammation was evidenced with increased expression of iNOS and TNFα in the small and large intestine. Specifically, iNOS was observed mainly in the enteric plexi, indicating enteric glial cell activation. A pronounced loss of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons occurred at 24 weeks both in the mid-brain region as well as the gut, leading to a corresponding decrease in dopamine (DA) production. We also observed decreased DARPP-32 expression in the colon, validating the loss of DAergic neurons in the gut. However, the total number of enteric neurons did not significantly differ between the two groups. Metabolomic gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of fecal samples showed increased sterol, glycerol, and tocopherol production in MitoPark mice compared to age-matched littermate controls at 20 weeks of age while 16 s microbiome sequencing showed a transient temporal increase in the genus Prevotella. Altogether, the data shed more light on the role of the gut dopaminergic system in maintaining intestinal health. Importantly, this model recapitulates the chronology and development of GI dysfunction along with other non-motor symptoms and can become an attractive translational animal model for pre-clinical assessment of the efficacy of new anti-Parkinsonian drugs that can alleviate GI dysfunction in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Ghaisas
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Monica R Langley
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Bharathi N Palanisamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Somak Dutta
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Kirthi Narayanaswamy
- W M Keck Metabolomics Research Laboratory, Office of Biotechnology, ISU, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Paul J Plummer
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, ISU, Ames, IA, USA; Veterinary Microbiology and Preventative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, ISU, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Souvarish Sarkar
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Muhammet Ay
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Huajun Jin
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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Langley MR, Ghaisas S, Ay M, Luo J, Palanisamy BN, Jin H, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy A, Kanthasamy AG. Manganese exposure exacerbates progressive motor deficits and neurodegeneration in the MitoPark mouse model of Parkinson's disease: Relevance to gene and environment interactions in metal neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicology 2018; 64:240-255. [PMID: 28595911 PMCID: PMC5736468 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is now recognized as a neurodegenerative condition caused by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental influences. Chronic manganese (Mn) exposure has been implicated in the development of PD. Since mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with PD pathology as well as Mn neurotoxicity, we investigated whether Mn exposure augments mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system using a newly available mitochondrially defective transgenic mouse model of PD, the MitoPark mouse. This unique PD model recapitulates key features of the disease including progressive neurobehavioral changes and neuronal degeneration. We exposed MitoPark mice to a low dose of Mn (10mg/kg, p.o.) daily for 4 weeks starting at age 8 wks and then determined the behavioral, neurochemical and histological changes. Mn exposure accelerated the rate of progression of motor deficits in MitoPark mice when compared to the untreated MitoPark group. Mn also worsened olfactory function in this model. Most importantly, Mn exposure intensified the depletion of striatal dopamine and nigral TH neuronal loss in MitoPark mice. The neurodegenerative changes were accompanied by enhanced oxidative damage in the striatum and substantia nigra (SN) of MitoPark mice treated with Mn. Furthermore, Mn-treated MitoPark mice had significantly more oligomeric protein and IBA-1-immunoreactive microglia cells, suggesting Mn augments neuroinflammatory processes in the nigrostriatal pathway. To further confirm the direct effect of Mn on impaired mitochondrial function, we also generated a mitochondrially defective dopaminergic cell model by knocking out the TFAM transcription factor by using a CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing method. Seahorse mitochondrial bioenergetic analysis revealed that Mn decreases mitochondrial basal and ATP-linked respiration in the TFAM KO cells. Collectively, our results reveal that Mn can augment mitochondrial dysfunction to exacerbate nigrostriatal neurodegeneration and PD-related behavioral symptoms. Our study also demonstrates that the MitoPark mouse is an excellent model to study the gene-environment interactions associated with mitochondrial defects in the nigral dopaminergic system as well as to evaluate the contribution of potential environmental toxicant interactions in a slowly progressive model of Parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica R Langley
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Shivani Ghaisas
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Muhammet Ay
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Jie Luo
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Bharathi N Palanisamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Huajun Jin
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
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Langley M, Ghosh A, Charli A, Sarkar S, Ay M, Luo J, Zielonka J, Brenza T, Bennett B, Jin H, Ghaisas S, Schlichtmann B, Kim D, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy A, Narasimhan B, Kalyanaraman B, Kanthasamy AG. Mito-Apocynin Prevents Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Microglial Activation, Oxidative Damage, and Progressive Neurodegeneration in MitoPark Transgenic Mice. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:1048-1066. [PMID: 28375739 PMCID: PMC5651937 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor deficits and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Caused by a number of genetic and environmental factors, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress play a role in neurodegeneration in PD. By selectively knocking out mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) in dopaminergic neurons, the transgenic MitoPark mice recapitulate many signature features of the disease, including progressive motor deficits, neuronal loss, and protein inclusions. In the present study, we evaluated the neuroprotective efficacy of a novel mitochondrially targeted antioxidant, Mito-apocynin, in MitoPark mice and cell culture models of neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. RESULTS Oral administration of Mito-apocynin (10 mg/kg, thrice a week) showed excellent central nervous system bioavailability and significantly improved locomotor activity and coordination in MitoPark mice. Importantly, Mito-apocynin also partially attenuated severe nigrostriatal degeneration in MitoPark mice. Mechanistic studies revealed that Mito-apo improves mitochondrial function and inhibits NOX2 activation, oxidative damage, and neuroinflammation. INNOVATION The properties of Mito-apocynin identified in the MitoPark transgenic mouse model strongly support potential clinical applications for Mito-apocynin as a viable neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory drug for treating PD when compared to conventional therapeutic approaches. CONCLUSION Collectively, our data demonstrate, for the first time, that a novel orally active apocynin derivative improves behavioral, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative processes in a severe progressive dopaminergic neurodegenerative model of PD. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 1048-1066.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Langley
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
| | - Anamitra Ghosh
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
| | - Adhithiya Charli
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
| | - Souvarish Sarkar
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
| | - Muhammet Ay
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
| | - Jie Luo
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
| | - Jacek Zielonka
- 2 Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Timothy Brenza
- 3 Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
| | - Brian Bennett
- 4 Department of Physics, Marquette University , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Huajun Jin
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
| | - Shivani Ghaisas
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
| | - Benjamin Schlichtmann
- 3 Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
| | - Dongsuk Kim
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
| | - Balaji Narasimhan
- 3 Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
| | | | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
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Ay M, Luo J, Langley M, Jin H, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy A, Kanthasamy AG. Molecular mechanisms underlying protective effects of quercetin against mitochondrial dysfunction and progressive dopaminergic neurodegeneration in cell culture and MitoPark transgenic mouse models of Parkinson's Disease. J Neurochem 2017; 141:766-782. [PMID: 28376279 PMCID: PMC5643047 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin, one of the major flavonoids in plants, has been recently reported to have neuroprotective effects against neurodegenerative processes. However, since the molecular signaling mechanisms governing these effects are not well clarified, we evaluated quercetin's effect on the neuroprotective signaling events in dopaminergic neuronal models and further tested its efficacy in the MitoPark transgenic mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD). Western blot analysis revealed that quercetin significantly induced the activation of two major cell survival kinases, protein kinase D1 (PKD1) and Akt in MN9D dopaminergic neuronal cells. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition or siRNA knockdown of PKD1 blocked the activation of Akt, suggesting that PKD1 acts as an upstream regulator of Akt in quercetin-mediated neuroprotective signaling. Quercetin also enhanced cAMP response-element binding protein phosphorylation and expression of the cAMP response-element binding protein target gene brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Results from qRT-PCR, Western blot analysis, mtDNA content analysis, and MitoTracker assay experiments revealed that quercetin augmented mitochondrial biogenesis. Quercetin also increased mitochondrial bioenergetics capacity and protected MN9D cells against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neurotoxicity. To further evaluate the neuroprotective efficacy of quercetin against the mitochondrial dysfunction underlying PD, we used the progressive dopaminergic neurodegenerative MitoPark transgenic mouse model of PD. Oral administration of quercetin significantly reversed behavioral deficits, striatal dopamine depletion, and TH neuronal cell loss in MitoPark mice. Together, our findings demonstrate that quercetin activates the PKD1-Akt cell survival signaling axis and suggest that further exploration of quercetin as a promising neuroprotective agent for treating PD may offer clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Ay
- Parkinson’s Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Jie Luo
- Parkinson’s Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Monica Langley
- Parkinson’s Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Huajun Jin
- Parkinson’s Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Parkinson’s Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Parkinson’s Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
- Parkinson’s Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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El-Sayed Ahmad A, Papadopoulos N, Risteski P, Radwan M, Ay M, Moritz A, Zierer A. Early and Long-term Outcomes after Aortic Surgery in Patients with Marfan Syndrome. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1571630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Risteski P, El-Sayed A, Ay M, Monsefi N, Papadopoulos N, Moritz A, Zierer A. Early Outcomes with the Single-Stage Combined Surgical and Endovascular Treatment of Complex Aortic Pathologies: The Arch Light Technique. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1571727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Ay M, Jin H, Harischandra DS, Asaithambi A, Kanthasamy A, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy AG. Molecular cloning, epigenetic regulation, and functional characterization of Prkd1 gene promoter in dopaminergic cell culture models of Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 2015; 135:402-15. [PMID: 26230914 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We recently identified a compensatory survival role for protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in protecting dopaminergic neurons from oxidative insult. To investigate the molecular mechanism of Prkd1 gene expression, we cloned the 5'-flanking region (1620-bp) of the mouse Prkd1 gene. Deletion analyses revealed that the -250/+113 promoter region contains full promoter activity in MN9D dopaminergic neuronal cells. In silico analysis of the Prkd1 promoter uncovered binding sites for key redox transcription factors including Sp1 and NF-κB. Over-expression of Sp1, Sp3, and NF-κB-p65 proteins stimulated Prkd1 promoter activity. Binding of Sp3 and NF-κB-p65 to the Prkd1 promoter was confirmed using chromatin immunoprecipitation. Treatment with the Sp inhibitor mithramycin A significantly attenuated Prkd1 promoter activity and PKD1 mRNA and protein expression. Further mechanistic studies revealed that inhibition of histone deacetylation and DNA methylation up-regulated PKD1 mRNA expression. Importantly, negative modulation of PKD1 signaling by pharmacological inhibition or shRNA knockdown increased dopaminergic neuronal sensitivity to oxidative damage in a human mesencephalic neuronal cell model. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that Sp1, Sp3, and NF-κB-p65 can transactivate the mouse Prkd1 promoter and that epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation and histone modification, are key regulatory events controlling the expression of pro-survival kinase PKD1 in dopaminergic neuronal cells. Previously, we demonstrated that protein kinase D1 (PKD1) plays a survival role during the early stage of oxidative stress in dopaminergic neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Ay
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Huajun Jin
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Dilshan S Harischandra
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Arunkumar Asaithambi
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
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Zayed ME, Rüegg C, Strässle T, Stuhr U, Roessli B, Ay M, Mesot J, Link P, Pomjakushina E, Stingaciu M, Conder K, Rønnow HM. Correlated decay of triplet excitations in the Shastry-Sutherland compound SrCu2(BO3)2. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:067201. [PMID: 25148346 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.067201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The temperature dependence of the gapped triplet excitations (triplons) in the 2D Shastry-Sutherland quantum magnet SrCu(2)(BO(3))(2) is studied by means of inelastic neutron scattering. The excitation amplitude rapidly decreases as a function of temperature, while the integrated spectral weight can be explained by an isolated dimer model up to 10 K. Analyzing this anomalous spectral line shape in terms of damped harmonic oscillators shows that the observed damping is due to a two-component process: one component remains sharp and resolution limited while the second broadens. We explain the underlying mechanism through a simple yet quantitatively accurate model of correlated decay of triplons: an excited triplon is long lived if no thermally populated triplons are nearby but decays quickly if there are. The phenomenon is a direct consequence of frustration induced triplon localization in the Shastry-Sutherland lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Zayed
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar and Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland and Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Ch Rüegg
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland and DPMC-MaNEP, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland and London Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Th Strässle
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - U Stuhr
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - B Roessli
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Ay
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - J Mesot
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland and Laboratory for Neutron and Synchrotron Spectroscopy, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland and Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P Link
- Forschungsneutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz (FRM-2), D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - E Pomjakushina
- Laboratory for Developments and Methods, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Stingaciu
- Laboratory for Developments and Methods, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - K Conder
- Laboratory for Developments and Methods, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - H M Rønnow
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Asaithambi A, Ay M, Jin H, Gosh A, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy A, Kanthasamy AG. Protein kinase D1 (PKD1) phosphorylation promotes dopaminergic neuronal survival during 6-OHDA-induced oxidative stress. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96947. [PMID: 24806360 PMCID: PMC4013052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major pathophysiological mediator of degenerative processes in many neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Aberrant cell signaling governed by protein phosphorylation has been linked to oxidative damage of dopaminergic neurons in PD. Although several studies have associated activation of certain protein kinases with apoptotic cell death in PD, very little is known about protein kinase regulation of cell survival and protection against oxidative damage and degeneration in dopaminergic neurons. Here, we characterized the PKD1-mediated protective pathway against oxidative damage in cell culture models of PD. Dopaminergic neurotoxicant 6-hydroxy dopamine (6-OHDA) was used to induce oxidative stress in the N27 dopaminergic cell model and in primary mesencephalic neurons. Our results indicated that 6-OHDA induced the PKD1 activation loop (PKD1S744/S748) phosphorylation during early stages of oxidative stress and that PKD1 activation preceded cell death. We also found that 6-OHDA rapidly increased phosphorylation of the C-terminal S916 in PKD1, which is required for PKD1 activation loop (PKD1S744/748) phosphorylation. Interestingly, negative modulation of PKD1 activation by RNAi knockdown or by the pharmacological inhibition of PKD1 by kbNB-14270 augmented 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis, while positive modulation of PKD1 by the overexpression of full length PKD1 (PKD1WT) or constitutively active PKD1 (PKD1S744E/S748E) attenuated 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis, suggesting an anti-apoptotic role for PKD1 during oxidative neuronal injury. Collectively, our results demonstrate that PKD1 signaling plays a cell survival role during early stages of oxidative stress in dopaminergic neurons and therefore, positive modulation of the PKD1-mediated signal transduction pathway can provide a novel neuroprotective strategy against PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunkumar Asaithambi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Muhammet Ay
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Huajun Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Anamitra Gosh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Uner A, Doğan M, Ay M, Acar Ç. The evaluation of serum N-terminal prohormone brain-type natriuretic peptide, troponin-I, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in children with congenital heart disease. Hum Exp Toxicol 2014; 33:1158-66. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327113514097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although advanced diagnostic and treatment methods are available, congenital heart disease (CHD) holds an important place among the causes of death within the first year of age. Therefore, several prognostic factors are needed for diagnosis and monitoring of these patients. In this study, which includes 66 CHD patients and 38 healthy control children, serum cardiac troponin-I (cTnI), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), and N-terminal prohormone brain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels were analyzed for their prognostics values. The patient groups were categorized and then evaluated as cyanotic ( n = 16), acyanotic ( n = 50), symptomatic ( n = 23), asymptomatic ( n = 43), and isolated ventricular septal defect (VSD)-isolated atrial septal defect (ASD) groups. Cyanotic group was statistically compared with acyanotic group, symptomatic group with asymptomatic group, and VSD group with ASD group. Between the cyanotic, acyanotic, and control groups; between symptomatic and asymptomatic groups; and between the VSD and ASD groups, significant difference was not showed for age ( p > 0.05). NT-proBNP was found to be significantly higher in the cyanotic group than acyanotic and control group, in the symptomatic group than asymptomatic group; and in the patient group than healthy control group ( p < 0.05). Between the groups of VSD and ASD, significant difference was not showed ( p > 0.05). The same comparison results for TnI and Hs-CRP were not significant ( p > 0.05). TnI and Hs-CRP were only found significantly higher in the patient group than healthy control group ( p < 0.05). Eventually, we think that NT-proBNP, Hs-CRP, and TnI might be used for clinical management and estimation of outcome of these disorders in the future and these also might be able to modify existing strategies, but much more studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Uner
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - M Doğan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - M Ay
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Ç Acar
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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Ay M, Siemon K, Haidl P, Köhler D. Lungenödem und Mediastinalemphysem als Folge einer Intubationsnarkose. Pneumologie 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1272267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Siemon K, Ay M, Reissig K, Haidl P, Köhler D. Volumenreduktion durch nichtinvasive Beatmung. Pneumologie 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1251201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Siemon K, Reissig K, Ay M, Haidl P, Köhler D. Nocardiose unter langjähriger oraler Steroideinnahme bei schwer einstellbarem allergischen Asthma bronchiale. Pneumologie 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1251328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Riyahi-Alam N, Karimiafshar L, Ay M, Pourfallah TA, Allahverdi M. SU-FF-I-31: A Novel Application of MRI-Polymer Gel Dosimeter for Measurement of CTDI On X-Ray 64 Slices CT Scanner. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Siemon K, Ay M, Barchfeld T, Dellweg D, Heyse D, Haidl P, Köhler D. Erschwerte Diagnostik eines Wirbelkörperabszeß bei zusätzlich ausgeprägter beinbetonter Critical Illness Polyneuropathie – ein Fallbericht. Pneumologie 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1213876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Siemon K, Kerl J, Rüther U, Ay M, Wenzel M, Dellweg D, Köhler D. Hyperkapnie trotz identischer Beatmungsform. Vergleich zweier Beatmungsgeräte. Pneumologie 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1074388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Fuchs B, Ay M, Dumitrascu R, Kalwa H, Olschewski A, Mederos y Schnitzler M, Storch U, Ghofrani HA, Schermuly RT, Pinkenburg O, Seeger W, Grimminger F, Gudermann T, Dietrich A, Weissmann N. Die essentielle Bedeutung des „Classical Transient Receptor Potential 6“ (TRPC6)-Ionenkanals für die hypoxische pulmonale Vasokonstriktion. Pneumologie 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1074196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Barchfeld T, Ay M, Koch T, Köhler D. Nekrotisierende Cholangitis: ein Krankheitsbild mit sehr schlechter Prognose bei einem Patienten mit Langzeitbeatmung. Pneumologie 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1074384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Covita DS, Ay M, Schlesser S, Gotta D, Simons LM, Le Bigot EO, dos Santos JMF. Accurate miscut angle determination for spherically bent Bragg crystals. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:033102. [PMID: 18376992 DOI: 10.1063/1.2884149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Spherically bent crystals are used as analyzers in high-resolution spectroscopy, in particular, in low count-rate applications such as exotic-atom research. The focal conditions are determined not only by the bending radius and the Bragg angle but also by the crystal cut angle between its surface and the reflecting crystal planes, along with their orientation with respect to the direction of dispersion. We describe a simple but precise method for measuring the cut angle and its orientation for mounted spherically bent crystals, by combining x-ray diffraction and laser optical alignment, which can be easily performed with standard x-ray laboratory equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Covita
- Departamento de Física, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Fuchs B, Ay M, Dumitrascu R, Kalwa H, Olschewski A, Mederos y Schnitzler M, Storch U, Ghofrani HA, Schermuly RT, Pinkenburg O, Seeger W, Grimminger F, Gudermann T, Dietrich A, Weissmann N. Die essentielle Bedeutung des „Classical Transient Receptor Potential 6“ (TRPC6)-Ionenkanals für die hypoxische pulmonale Vasokonstriktion. Pneumologie 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1032275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Weschke E, Ott H, Schierle E, Schüssler-Langeheine C, Vyalikh DV, Kaindl G, Leiner V, Ay M, Schmitte T, Zabel H, Jensen PJ. Finite-size effect on magnetic ordering temperatures in long-period antiferromagnets: holmium thin films. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:157204. [PMID: 15524935 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.157204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2003] [Revised: 04/28/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The thickness dependence of the helical antiferromagnetic ordering temperature T(N) was studied for thin Ho metal films by resonant magnetic soft x-ray and neutron diffraction. In contrast with the Curie temperature of ferromagnets, T(N) was found to decrease with film thickness d according to [T(N)(infinity)-T(N)(d)]/T(N)(d) proportional variant (d-d(0))(-lambda(')), where lambda(') is a phenomenological exponent and d(0) is of the order of the bulk magnetic period L(b). These observations are reproduced by mean-field calculations that suggest a linear relationship between d(0) and L(b) in long-period antiferromagnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Weschke
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
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Herzog C, Ay M, Engelmann K, Abolmaali N, Dogani S, Diebold T, Vogl TJ. Visualisierungsmodalitäten in der Multidetektor CT-Koronarangiographie des Herzens: Korrelation von axialer, multiplanarer, dreidimensionaler und virtuell endoskopischer Bildgebung mit der invasiven Diagnostik. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2001; 173:341-9. [PMID: 11367844 DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of 4 different visualization techniques for multislice CT datasets from the coronary arteries in comparison to coronary angiography. MATERIAL AND METHODS 42 patients were examined prospectively using both multislice CT and angiocardiography. All CT scans were performed at collimation 4 x 1 mm, pitch 1.5 and a rotation time of 500 msec. Using retrospective ecg-gating, image reconstruction parameters were 1.25 mm slice thickness, 0.5 mm increment and kernel B30. Each patient's CT dataset subsequently was explored using axial, multiplanar, three-dimensional, and virtual endoscopic visualization modes. RESULTS Axial scans showed the highest sensitivity in the evaluation of stenoses (66.7%), followed by virtual endoscopy (55.9%), multiplanar (48.6%), and three-dimensional reformations (33.3%). With regard to the detection of atherosclerotic plaques, axial scans (71.2%), three-dimensional reformations (70.1%), and virtual endoscopy (69.1%) displayed comparable sensitivities, whereas multiplanar reformations showed distinctly lower results (55.6%). On combining the techniques a sensitivity of 74.2% for the detection of atherosclerotic plaques, of 72.0% for the identification of high-grade stenoses, respectively, was obtained. The specificity of all four visualization modes amounted to 91.9% and above. Best results have been obtained within the RIVA (sensitivity 85.2%). CONCLUSION For the detection of atheromatous changes CT angiocardiography does not achieve a sensitivity as high as angiocardiography and is restricted to the three major branches. At heart rates below 60 bpm axial scans showed the best correlation in the quantification and classification of atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Herzog
- Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, J. W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt/Main
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Akkus I, Ergün S, Yöntem M, Ay M, Çaǧlayan O, Bor M, Gökçe R. Effects of various oils on lipid peroxidation in the liver. Pathophysiology 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0928-4680(98)80534-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Akkuş I, Gültekin F, Aköz M, Cağlayan O, Bahçaci S, Can UG, Ay M, Gürel A. Effect of moderate alcohol intake on lipid peroxidation in plasma, erythrocyte and leukocyte and on some antioxidant enzymes. Clin Chim Acta 1997; 266:141-7. [PMID: 9437542 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(97)00135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasma, erythrocyte and leukocyte lipid peroxidation, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and plasma gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels were investigated in 36 healthy non-drinkers aged between 18-55 years (mean 38.7) and 72 alcohol drinkers aged between 20-48 years (mean 35.3) in order to determine the oxidative effect of alcohol. Erythrocyte lipid peroxidation of the drinkers (measured in terms of MDA) was found to be significantly (P < 0.05) reduced compared to that of controls. However, when Tukey-HSD and F test with ANOVA were performed, that significance disappears in those who consume less than 140 g of alcohol per day and persists in those who consume more than 140 g of alcohol per day (P < 0.05). Plasma GGT level was significantly increased compared to that of controls (P < 0.001). Also, there was a significant (P = 0.01) correlation between serum GGT level and the amount of alcohol. There were no significant differences between all the other parameters of both groups. Reduced lipid peroxidation of erythrocytes without any accompanying increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes shows that another mechanism might be responsible for this finding. This mechanism was thought to be an alteration in lipid composition of erythrocyte membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Akkuş
- Selçuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Konya, Turkey
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