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Bellec L, Cortesero AM, Marnet N, Faure S, Hervé MR. Age-specific allocation of glucosinolates within plant reproductive tissues. Plant Sci 2023; 331:111690. [PMID: 36965631 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Optimal Defense Theory (ODT) predicts that the distribution of defenses within a plant should mirror the value and vulnerability of each tissue. Although the ODT has received much experimental support, very few studies have examined defense allocation among reproductive tissues and none assessed simultaneously how these defenses evolve with age. We quantified glucosinolates in perianths, anthers and pistils at different bud maturity stages (i.e., intermediate flower buds, old flower buds and flowers) of undamaged and mechanically damaged plants of an annual brassicaceous species. The youngest leaf was used as a reference for vegetative organs, since it is predicted to be one of the most defended. In line with ODT predictions, reproductive tissues were more defended than vegetative tissues constitutively, and within the former, pistils and anthers more defended than perianths. No change in the overall defense level was found between bud maturity stages, but a significant temporal shift was observed between pistils and anthers. Contrary to ODT predictions, mechanical damage did not induce systemic defenses in leaves but only in pistils. Our results show that defense allocation in plant reproductive tissues occurs at fine spatial and temporal scales, extending the application framework of the ODT. They also demonstrate interactions between space and time in fine-scale defense allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bellec
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France; Innolea, 6 Chemin de Panedautes, 31700 Mondonville, France.
| | | | | | | | - Maxime R Hervé
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
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2
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Missinou AA, Ferreira de Carvalho J, Marnet N, Delhaye T, Hamzaoui O, Abdel Sayed D, Guitton Y, Lebreton L, Langrume C, Laperche A, Delourme R, Manzanares-Dauleux MJ, Bouchereau A, Gravot A. Identification and Quantification of Glucosinolates and Phenolics in a Large Panel of Brassica napus Highlight Valuable Genetic Resources for Chemical Ecology and Breeding. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:5245-5261. [PMID: 35420430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c08118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolate (GLS) and phenolic contents in Brassicaceae contribute to biotic and abiotic stress responses. Breeding crop accessions harboring agroecologically relevant metabolic profiles require a characterization of the chemical diversity in Brassica germplasm. This work investigates the diversity of specialized metabolites in 281 accessions of B. napus. First, an LC-HRMS2-based approach allowed the annotation of 32 phenolics and 36 GLSs, revealing 13 branched and linear alkyl-GLSs and 4 isomers of hydroxyphenylalkyl-GLSs, many of which have been rarely reported in Brassica. Then, quantitative UPLC-UV-MS-based profiling was performed in leaves and roots for the whole panel. This revealed striking variations in the content of 1-methylpropyl-GLS (glucocochlearin) and a large variation of tetra- and penta-glucosyl kaempferol derivatives among accessions. It also highlighted two main chemotypes related to sinapoyl-O-hexoside and kaempferol-O-trihexoside contents. By offering an unprecedented overview of the phytochemical diversity in B. napus, this work provides a useful resource for chemical ecology and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lionel Lebreton
- Univ Rennes, Institut Agro, INRAE, IGEPP, 35653 Le Rheu, France
| | | | - Anne Laperche
- Univ Rennes, Institut Agro, INRAE, IGEPP, 35653 Le Rheu, France
| | - Régine Delourme
- Univ Rennes, Institut Agro, INRAE, IGEPP, 35653 Le Rheu, France
| | | | | | - Antoine Gravot
- Univ Rennes, Institut Agro, INRAE, IGEPP, 35653 Le Rheu, France
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3
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Aigu Y, Daval S, Gazengel K, Marnet N, Lariagon C, Laperche A, Legeai F, Manzanares-Dauleux MJ, Gravot A. Multi-Omic Investigation of Low-Nitrogen Conditional Resistance to Clubroot Reveals Brassica napus Genes Involved in Nitrate Assimilation. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:790563. [PMID: 35222461 PMCID: PMC8874135 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.790563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen fertilization has been reported to influence the development of clubroot, a root disease of Brassicaceae species, caused by the obligate protist Plasmodiophora brassicae. Our previous works highlighted that low-nitrogen fertilization induced a strong reduction of clubroot symptoms in some oilseed rape genotypes. To further understand the underlying mechanisms, the response to P. brassicae infection was investigated in two genotypes "Yudal" and HD018 harboring sharply contrasted nitrogen-driven modulation of resistance toward P. brassicae. Targeted hormone and metabolic profiling, as well as RNA-seq analysis, were performed in inoculated and non-inoculated roots at 14 and 27 days post-inoculation, under high and low-nitrogen conditions. Clubroot infection triggered a large increase of SA concentration and an induction of the SA gene markers expression whatever the genotype and nitrogen conditions. Overall, metabolic profiles suggested that N-driven induction of resistance was independent of SA signaling, soluble carbohydrate and amino acid concentrations. Low-nitrogen-driven resistance in "Yudal" was associated with the transcriptional regulation of a small set of genes, among which the induction of NRT2- and NR-encoding genes. Altogether, our results indicate a possible role of nitrate transporters and auxin signaling in the crosstalk between plant nutrition and partial resistance to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoann Aigu
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Rennes 1, Le Rheu, France
| | - Stéphanie Daval
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Rennes 1, Le Rheu, France
| | - Kévin Gazengel
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Rennes 1, Le Rheu, France
| | | | | | - Anne Laperche
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Rennes 1, Le Rheu, France
| | - Fabrice Legeai
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Rennes 1, Le Rheu, France
| | | | - Antoine Gravot
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Rennes 1, Le Rheu, France
- *Correspondence: Gravot Antoine,
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4
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Bianchetti G, Baron C, Carrillo A, Berardocco S, Marnet N, Wagner MH, Demilly D, Ducournau S, Manzanares-Dauleux MJ, Cahérec FL, Buitink J, Nesi N. Dataset for the metabolic and physiological characterization of seeds from oilseed rape ( Brassica napus L.) plants grown under single or combined effects of drought and clubroot pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae. Data Brief 2021; 37:107247. [PMID: 34277900 PMCID: PMC8267568 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Faced with the challenges of adapting agriculture to climate change, seed production should have increased resilience to abiotic stress factors and the expected proliferation of pathogens. This concerns both the nutritional quality and seed vigor, two crucial factors in seedling establishment and yield. Both qualities are acquired during seed development, but how environment influences the genetic and physiological determinisms of these qualities remains to be elucidated. With a world production of 71 Mt of seeds per year, oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is the third largest oleaginous crop. But its productivity must cope with several abiotic stresses, among which drought is one of the main constraints in current and future climate scenarios. In addition, clubroot disease, caused by the pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae, leads to severe yield losses for the Brassica crops worldwide. Clubroot provokes the formation of galls on the infected roots that can restrict the flow of water and nutrients within the plant throughout the growth cycle. In order to get new insights into the impact of single or combined constraints on seed qualities, metabolic profiling assays were run for a collection of 330 seed samples (including developing, mature and imbibed seeds) harvested from plants of two B. napus cultivars ("Express" and "Montego") that were grown under either drought conditions, the presence of P. brassicae, or a combination of both stresses. Metabolites were identified and quantified by UPLC or GC. In addition, monitoring germination traits was conducted for 60 mature seed lots under in vitro conditions using an automated phenotyping platform. The present dataset contains the raw contents for 42 metabolites (nmol.mg-1 of seed dry weight) filtered and analyzed with statistical tests as well as germination speed and percentages. This dataset is available under accession at Data INRAE. These data will contribute to a better understanding of the crosstalk between the plant responses to water deprivation and/or pathogen attack and how it compromises seed quality. A better understanding of the molecular and physiological responses of the seed to (a)biotic stress on a molecular and physiological will be a first step to meet scientific and technological challenges of adapting seeds to their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cécile Baron
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Rennes 1, Le Rheu 35650, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Didier Demilly
- GEVES, Station Nationale d'Essais de Semences, Beaucouzé 49070, France
| | - Sylvie Ducournau
- GEVES, Station Nationale d'Essais de Semences, Beaucouzé 49070, France
| | | | | | - Julia Buitink
- IRHS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Angers, SFR4207 QuaSaV, Beaucouzé 49070, France
| | - Nathalie Nesi
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Rennes 1, Le Rheu 35650, France
- Corresponding author.
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Dellero Y, Heuillet M, Marnet N, Bellvert F, Millard P, Bouchereau A. Sink/Source Balance of Leaves Influences Amino Acid Pools and Their Associated Metabolic Fluxes in Winter Oilseed Rape ( Brassica napus L.). Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10040150. [PMID: 32295054 DOI: 10.15454/1i9pet] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen remobilization processes from source to sink tissues in plants are determinant for seed yield and their implementation results in a complete reorganization of the primary metabolism during sink/source transition. Here, we decided to characterize the impact of the sink/source balance on amino acid metabolism in the leaves of winter oilseed rape grown at the vegetative stage. We combined a quantitative metabolomics approach with an instationary 15N-labeling experiment by using [15N]L-glycine as a metabolic probe on leaf ranks with a gradual increase in their source status. We showed that the acquisition of the source status by leaves was specifically accompanied by a decrease in asparagine, glutamine, proline and S-methyl-l-cysteine sulphoxide contents and an increase in valine and threonine contents. Dynamic analysis of 15N enrichment and concentration of amino acids revealed gradual changes in the dynamics of amino acid metabolism with respect to the sink/source status of leaf ranks. Notably, nitrogen assimilation into valine, threonine and proline were all decreased in source leaves compared to sink leaves. Overall, our results suggested a reduction in de novo amino acid biosynthesis during sink/source transition at the vegetative stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younès Dellero
- Department Plant Biology and Breeding, Agrocampus Ouest, Institute for Genetics, Environment and Plant Protection, French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Rennes II, 35653 Le Rheu, France
| | - Maud Heuillet
- Department Plant Biology and Breeding, Department Microbiology and Food Chain, INSA, TBI, French National Center for Scientific Research, French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France
- MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, 33140 Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Marnet
- Department Plant Biology and Breeding and Department Transform, Agrocampus Ouest, Plateau de Profilage Métabolique et Métabolique (P2M2), Biopolymers Interactions Assemblies, Institute for Genetics, Environment and Plant Protection, French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Rennes II, 35653 Le Rheu, France
| | - Floriant Bellvert
- Department Plant Biology and Breeding, Department Microbiology and Food Chain, INSA, TBI, French National Center for Scientific Research, French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France
- MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, 33140 Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Millard
- Department Plant Biology and Breeding, Department Microbiology and Food Chain, INSA, TBI, French National Center for Scientific Research, French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Bouchereau
- Department Plant Biology and Breeding, Agrocampus Ouest, Institute for Genetics, Environment and Plant Protection, French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Rennes II, 35653 Le Rheu, France
- Department Plant Biology and Breeding and Department Transform, Agrocampus Ouest, Plateau de Profilage Métabolique et Métabolique (P2M2), Biopolymers Interactions Assemblies, Institute for Genetics, Environment and Plant Protection, French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Rennes II, 35653 Le Rheu, France
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6
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Dellero Y, Clouet V, Marnet N, Pellizzaro A, Dechaumet S, Niogret MF, Bouchereau A. Leaf status and environmental signals jointly regulate proline metabolism in winter oilseed rape. J Exp Bot 2020; 71:2098-2111. [PMID: 31807778 PMCID: PMC7242077 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Proline metabolism is an essential component of plant adaptation to multiple environmental stress conditions that is also known to participate in specific developmental phases, particularly in reproductive organs. Recent evidence suggested a possible role for proline catabolism in Brassica napus for nitrogen remobilization processes from source leaves at the vegetative stage. Here, we investigate transcript levels of Δ1-PYRROLINE-5-CARBOXYLATE SYNTHASE (P5CS) and PROLINE DEHYDROGENASE (ProDH) genes at the vegetative stage with respect to net proline biosynthesis and degradation fluxes in leaves having a different sink/source balance. We showed that the underexpression of three P5CS1 genes in source leaves was accompanied by a reduced commitment of de novo assimilated 15N towards proline biosynthesis and an overall depletion of free proline content. We found that the expression of ProDH genes was strongly induced by carbon starvation conditions (dark-induced senescence) compared with early senescing leaves. Our results suggested a role for proline catabolism in B. napus, but acting only at a late stage of senescence. In addition, we also identified some P5CS and ProDH genes that were differentially expressed during multiple processes (leaf status, dark to light transition, and stress response).
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes Dellero
- INRA, UMR 1349 Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Vanessa Clouet
- INRA, UMR 1349 Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Nathalie Marnet
- Plateau de Profilage Métabolique et Métabolique (P2M2), INRA-IGEPP and INRA-BIA, Le Rheu, France
| | - Anthoni Pellizzaro
- INRA, UMR 1349 Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Sylvain Dechaumet
- INRA, UMR 1349 Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Françoise Niogret
- INRA, UMR 1349 Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Alain Bouchereau
- INRA, UMR 1349 Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
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7
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Wagner G, Laperche A, Lariagon C, Marnet N, Renault D, Guitton Y, Bouchereau A, Delourme R, Manzanares-Dauleux MJ, Gravot A. Resolution of quantitative resistance to clubroot into QTL-specific metabolic modules. J Exp Bot 2019; 70:5375-5390. [PMID: 31145785 PMCID: PMC6793449 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant disease resistance is often under quantitative genetic control. Thus, in a given interaction, plant cellular responses to infection are influenced by resistance or susceptibility alleles at different loci. In this study, a genetic linkage analysis was used to address the complexity of the metabolic responses of Brassica napus roots to infection by Plasmodiophora brassicae. Metabolome profiling and pathogen quantification in a segregating progeny allowed a comparative mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) involved in resistance and in metabolic adjustments. Distinct metabolic modules were associated with each resistance QTL, suggesting the involvement of different underlying cellular mechanisms. This approach highlighted the possible role of gluconasturtiin and two unknown metabolites in the resistance conferred by two QTLs on chromosomes C03 and C09, respectively. Only two susceptibility biomarkers (glycine and glutathione) were simultaneously linked to the three main resistance QTLs, suggesting the central role of these compounds in the interaction. By contrast, several genotype-specific metabolic responses to infection were genetically unconnected to resistance or susceptibility. Likewise, variations of root sugar profiles, which might have influenced pathogen nutrition, were not found to be related to resistance QTLs. This work illustrates how genetic metabolomics can help to understand plant stress responses and their possible links with disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Wagner
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes, Le Rheu, France
| | - Anne Laperche
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes, Le Rheu, France
| | | | - Nathalie Marnet
- Plateau de Profilage Métabolique et Métabolomique (P2M2), Centre de Recherche Angers Nantes BIA, INRA, Le Rheu, France
| | - David Renault
- UMR EcoBio, Université de Rennes, CNRS, Rennes, France
| | - Yann Guitton
- LUNAM Université, Oniris, Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes, France
| | - Alain Bouchereau
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes, Le Rheu, France
| | - Régine Delourme
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes, Le Rheu, France
| | | | - Antoine Gravot
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes, Le Rheu, France
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8
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Ourry M, Lebreton L, Chaminade V, Guillerm-Erckelboudt AY, Hervé M, Linglin J, Marnet N, Ourry A, Paty C, Poinsot D, Cortesero AM, Mougel C. Influence of Belowground Herbivory on the Dynamics of Root and Rhizosphere Microbial Communities. Front Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2018.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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9
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Lachaise T, Ourry M, Lebreton L, Guillerm-Erckelboudt AY, Linglin J, Paty C, Chaminade V, Marnet N, Aubert J, Poinsot D, Cortesero AM, Mougel C. Can soil microbial diversity influence plant metabolites and life history traits of a rhizophagous insect? A demonstration in oilseed rape. Insect Sci 2017; 24:1045-1056. [PMID: 28544806 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between plants and phytophagous insects play an important part in shaping the biochemical composition of plants. Reciprocally plant metabolites can influence major life history traits in these insects and largely contribute to their fitness. Plant rhizospheric microorganisms are an important biotic factor modulating plant metabolites and adaptation to stress. While plant-insects or plant-microorganisms interactions and their consequences on the plant metabolite signature are well-documented, the impact of soil microbial communities on plant defenses against phytophagous insects remains poorly known. In this study, we used oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and the cabbage root fly (Delia radicum) as biological models to tackle this question. Even though D. radicum is a belowground herbivore as a larva, its adult life history traits depend on aboveground signals. We therefore tested whether soil microbial diversity influenced emergence rate and fitness but also fly oviposition behavior, and tried to link possible effects to modifications in leaf and root metabolites. Through a removal-recolonization experiment, 3 soil microbial modalities ("high," "medium," "low") were established and assessed through amplicon sequencing of 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA genes. The "medium" modality in the rhizosphere significantly improved insect development traits. Plant-microorganism interactions were marginally associated to modulations of root metabolites profiles, which could partly explain these results. We highlighted the potential role of plant-microbial interaction in plant defenses against Delia radicum. Rhizospheric microbial communities must be taken into account when analyzing plant defenses against herbivores, being either below or aboveground.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Lachaise
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes 1, Le Rheu, France
| | - Morgane Ourry
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes 1, Le Rheu, France
| | - Lionel Lebreton
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes 1, Le Rheu, France
| | | | - Juliette Linglin
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes 1, Le Rheu, France
| | - Chrystelle Paty
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes 1, Université Bretagne-Loire, Rennes, France
| | - Valérie Chaminade
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes 1, Université Bretagne-Loire, Rennes, France
| | - Nathalie Marnet
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes 1, Le Rheu, France
- INRA, UR1268 BIA-Le Rheu, France
| | - Julie Aubert
- INRA-AgroParisTech, UMR 518 Applied Mathematics and Computer Sciences-Paris, France
| | - Denis Poinsot
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes 1, Université Bretagne-Loire, Rennes, France
| | - Anne-Marie Cortesero
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes 1, Université Bretagne-Loire, Rennes, France
| | - Christophe Mougel
- IGEPP, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Université de Rennes 1, Le Rheu, France
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10
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Rousseau H, Rousseau-Gueutin M, Dauvergne X, Boutte J, Simon G, Marnet N, Bouchereau A, Guiheneuf S, Bazureau JP, Morice J, Ravanel S, Cabello-Hurtado F, Ainouche A, Salmon A, Wendel JF, Ainouche ML. Evolution of DMSP (dimethylsulfoniopropionate) biosynthesis pathway: Origin and phylogenetic distribution in polyploid Spartina (Poaceae, Chloridoideae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2017; 114:401-414. [PMID: 28694102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
DMSP (dimethylsulfoniopropionate) is an ecologically important sulfur metabolite commonly produced by marine algae and by some higher plant lineages, including the polyploid salt marsh genus Spartina (Poaceae). The molecular mechanisms and genes involved in the DMSP biosynthesis pathways are still unknown. In this study, we performed comparative analyses of DMSP amounts and molecular phylogenetic analyses to decipher the origin of DMSP in Spartina that represents one of the major source of terrestrial DMSP in coastal marshes. DMSP content was explored in 14 Spartina species using 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Putative genes encoding the four enzymatic steps of the DMSP biosynthesis pathway in Spartina were examined and their evolutionary dynamics were studied. We found that the hexaploid lineage containing S. alterniflora, S. foliosa and S. maritima and their derived hybrids and allopolyploids are all able to produce DMSP, in contrast to species in the tetraploid clade. Thus, examination of DMSP synthesis in a phylogenetic context implicated a single origin of this physiological innovation, which occurred in the ancestor of the hexaploid Spartina lineage, 3-6MYA. Candidate genes specific to the Spartina DMSP biosynthesis pathway were also retrieved from Spartina transcriptomes, and provide a framework for future investigations to decipher the molecular mechanisms involved in this plant phenotypic novelty that has major ecological impacts in saltmarsh ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Rousseau
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35 042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Mathieu Rousseau-Gueutin
- UMR IGEPP, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, BP35327, F-35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Dauvergne
- EA 2219 Géoarchitecture, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 av. le Gorgeu - CS93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Julien Boutte
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35 042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Gaëlle Simon
- Plateforme technologique de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire, Résonance Paramagnétique Electronique et Spectrométrie de Masse, 6, av. Victor Le Gorgeu, CS93837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Nathalie Marnet
- Plateau de Profilage Métabolique et Métabolomique (P2M2), Centre de Recherche Angers Nantes BIA, INRA de Rennes, F-35653 Le Rheu, France
| | - Alain Bouchereau
- UMR IGEPP, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, BP35327, F-35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France
| | - Solène Guiheneuf
- UMR CNRS 6226, Groupe Ingénierie Chimique & Molécules pour le Vivant (ICMV), Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Bazureau
- UMR CNRS 6226, Groupe Ingénierie Chimique & Molécules pour le Vivant (ICMV), Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Jérôme Morice
- UMR IGEPP, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, BP35327, F-35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France
| | - Stéphane Ravanel
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, UMR 5168 CNRS-CEA-UMR 1417 INRA-Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Abdelkader Ainouche
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35 042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Armel Salmon
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35 042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Jonathan F Wendel
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Malika L Ainouche
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35 042 Rennes Cedex, France.
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Lemarié S, Robert-Seilaniantz A, Lariagon C, Lemoine J, Marnet N, Jubault M, Manzanares-Dauleux MJ, Gravot A. Both the Jasmonic Acid and the Salicylic Acid Pathways Contribute to Resistance to the Biotrophic Clubroot Agent Plasmodiophora brassicae in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Physiol 2015; 56:2158-68. [PMID: 26363358 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The role of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling in resistance to root pathogens has been poorly documented. We assessed the contribution of SA and JA to basal and partial resistance of Arabidopsis to the biotrophic clubroot agent Plasmodiophora brassicae. SA and JA levels as well as the expression of the SA-responsive genes PR2 and PR5 and the JA-responsive genes ARGAH2 and THI2.1 were monitored in infected roots of the accessions Col-0 (susceptible) and Bur-0 (partially resistant). SA signaling was activated in Bur-0 but not in Col-0. The JA pathway was weakly activated in Bur-0 but was strongly induced in Col-0. The contribution of both pathways to clubroot resistance was then assessed using exogenous phytohormone application and mutants affected in SA or JA signaling. Exogenous SA treatment decreased clubroot symptoms in the two Arabidopsis accessions, whereas JA treatment reduced clubroot symptoms only in Col-0. The cpr5-2 mutant, in which SA responses are constitutively induced, was more resistant to clubroot than the corresponding wild type, and the JA signaling-deficient mutant jar1 was more susceptible. Finally, we showed that the JA-mediated induction of NATA1 drove N(δ)-acetylornithine biosynthesis in infected Col-0 roots. The 35S::NATA1 and nata1 lines displayed reduced or enhanced clubroot symptoms, respectively, thus suggesting that in Col-0 this pathway was involved in the JA-mediated basal clubroot resistance. Overall, our data support the idea that, depending on the Arabidopsis accession, both SA and JA signaling can play a role in partial inhibition of clubroot development in compatible interactions with P. brassicae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nathalie Marnet
- Plateau de Profilage Métabolique et Métabolomique (P2M2) Centre de Recherche Angers Nantes BIA, INRA de Rennes, F-35653 Le Rheu, France
| | | | | | - Antoine Gravot
- Université Rennes 1, UMR1349 IGEPP, F-35000 Rennes, France
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12
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Lemarié S, Robert-Seilaniantz A, Lariagon C, Lemoine J, Marnet N, Levrel A, Jubault M, Manzanares-Dauleux MJ, Gravot A. Camalexin contributes to the partial resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana to the biotrophic soilborne protist Plasmodiophora brassicae. Front Plant Sci 2015; 6:539. [PMID: 26257750 PMCID: PMC4508518 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Camalexin has been reported to play defensive functions against several pathogens in Arabidopsis. In this study, we investigated the possible role of camalexin accumulation in two Arabidopsis genotypes with different levels of basal resistance to the compatible eH strain of the clubroot agent Plasmodiophora brassicae. Camalexin biosynthesis was induced in infected roots of both Col-0 (susceptible) and Bur-0 (partially resistant) accessions during the secondary phase of infection. However, the level of accumulation was four-to-seven times higher in Bur-0 than Col-0. This was associated with the enhanced transcription of a set of camalexin biosynthetic P450 genes in Bur-0: CYP71A13, CYP71A12, and CYP79B2. This induction correlated with slower P. brassicae growth in Bur-0 compared to Col-0, thus suggesting a relationship between the levels of camalexin biosynthesis and the different levels of resistance. Clubroot-triggered biosynthesis of camalexin may also participate in basal defense in Col-0, as gall symptoms and pathogen development were enhanced in the pad3 mutant (Col-0 genetic background), which is defective in camalexin biosynthesis. Clubroot and camalexin responses were then studied in Heterogeneous Inbred Families (HIF) lines derived from a cross between Bur-0 and Col-0. The Bur/Col allelic substitution in the region of the previously identified clubroot resistance QTL PbAt5.2 (Chromosome 5) was associated with both the enhanced clubroot-triggered induction of camalexin biosynthesis and the reduced P. brassicae development. Altogether, our results suggest that high levels of clubroot-triggered camalexin biosynthesis play a role in the quantitative control of partial resistance of Arabidopsis to clubroot.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nathalie Marnet
- Plateau de Profilage Métabolique et Métabolique (P2M2), Centre de Recherche Angers Nantes BIA, INRA de RennesLe Rheu, France
| | | | | | | | - Antoine Gravot
- UMR1349 IGEPP, Université de Rennes 1Rennes, France
- *Correspondence: Antoine Gravot, UMR 1349 IGEPP, Université de Rennes 1, Domaine de la Motte au Vicomte, BP 35327, 35653 Le Rheu, France
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13
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Hervé MR, Delourme R, Gravot A, Marnet N, Berardocco S, Cortesero AM. Manipulating Feeding Stimulation to Protect Crops Against Insect Pests? J Chem Ecol 2014; 40:1220-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s10886-014-0517-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Symoneaux R, Baron A, Marnet N, Bauduin R, Chollet S. Impact of apple procyanidins on sensory perception in model cider (part 1): Polymerisation degree and concentration. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2013.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Verdu CF, Childebrand N, Marnet N, Lebail G, Dupuis F, Laurens F, Guilet D, Guyot S. Polyphenol variability in the fruits and juices of a cider apple progeny. J Sci Food Agric 2014; 94:1305-1314. [PMID: 24115016 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyphenols have a favourable antioxidant potential on human health, suggesting that their high content in apple is responsible for the beneficial effects of apple consumption. They are also linked to the quality of apple juices and ciders since they are predominantly responsible for astringency, bitterness and colour. Major phenolic compounds were quantified by liquid chromatography in fruits and juices from a cider apple progeny harvested for 3 years. The total content of procyanidins and their average degree of polymerisation (DPn) were also determined in fruits by phloroglucinolysis. Variability and extraction yield of these compounds were determined. RESULTS The variability observed in the progeny was representative of the variability observed in many cider apple varieties. Hydroxycinnamic acids were the most extractable group, with an average extraction yield of 67%, whereas flavonols and anthocyanins were the least. CONCLUSION This study is the first to introduce variability and extraction yields of the main phenolic compounds in both fruits and juices of a cider apple progeny. This dataset will be used for an upcoming QTL mapping study, an original approach that has never been undertaken for cider apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy F Verdu
- Université d'Angers, EA 921, Laboratoire de Substances d'Origine Naturelle et Analogues Structuraux, SFR 4207 QUASAV, PRES L'UNAM, 49045, Angers, France; Université d'Angers, UMR1345, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, SFR 4207 QUASAV, PRES L'UNAM, 49045, Angers, France; AgroCampus-Ouest, UMR1345, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, 49045, Angers, France; INRA, UMR1345, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, 49071, Beaucouzé, France
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16
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Gaudin Z, Cerveau D, Marnet N, Bouchereau A, Delavault P, Simier P, Pouvreau JB. Robust Method for Investigating Nitrogen Metabolism of 15N Labeled Amino Acids Using AccQ•Tag Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Photodiode Array-Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry: Application to a Parasitic Plant–Plant Interaction. Anal Chem 2014; 86:1138-45. [DOI: 10.1021/ac403067w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Gaudin
- EA 1157, Laboratoire
de Biologie et de Pathologie Végétales (LBPV), Université de Nantes, SFR 4207
QUASAV, 44322 Nantes, France
| | - Delphine Cerveau
- EA 1157, Laboratoire
de Biologie et de Pathologie Végétales (LBPV), Université de Nantes, SFR 4207
QUASAV, 44322 Nantes, France
| | - Nathalie Marnet
- Plateau de Profilage
Métabolique et Métabolomique (P2M2) Centre de Recherche Angers-Nantes BIA, INRA de Rennes, 35653 Le Rheu, France
| | - Alain Bouchereau
- UMR 1349 Institut
de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes
(IGEPP), INRA−Agrocampus Ouest−Université de
Rennes 1, INRA de Rennes, 35653 Le Rheu, France
| | - Philippe Delavault
- EA 1157, Laboratoire
de Biologie et de Pathologie Végétales (LBPV), Université de Nantes, SFR 4207
QUASAV, 44322 Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Simier
- EA 1157, Laboratoire
de Biologie et de Pathologie Végétales (LBPV), Université de Nantes, SFR 4207
QUASAV, 44322 Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Bernard Pouvreau
- EA 1157, Laboratoire
de Biologie et de Pathologie Végétales (LBPV), Université de Nantes, SFR 4207
QUASAV, 44322 Nantes, France
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17
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Kröner A, Marnet N, Andrivon D, Val F. Nicotiflorin, rutin and chlorogenic acid: phenylpropanoids involved differently in quantitative resistance of potato tubers to biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens. Plant Physiol Biochem 2012; 57:23-31. [PMID: 22677447 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying quantitative resistance of plants to pathogens are still poorly understood, but could depend upon differences in the intensity or timing of general defense responses. This may be the case for the biosynthesis of phenolics which are known to increase after elicitation by pathogens. We thus tested the hypothesis that differences in quantitative resistance were related to differential induction of phenolics by pathogen-derived elicitors. Five potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum, L.) spanning a range of quantitative resistance were treated with a concentrated culture filtrate (CCF) of Phytophthora infestans or purified lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Pectobacterium atrosepticum. The kinetic of phenolics accumulation was followed and a set of typical phenolics was identified: chlorogenic acid, phenolamides and flavonols including rutin (quercetin-3-O-rutinoside) and nicotiflorin (kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside). Our results showed that CCF but not LPS induced differential accumulation of major phenolics among cultivars. Total phenolics were related with resistance to P. atrosepticum but not to P. infestans. However, nicotiflorin was inversely related with resistance to both pathogens. Rutin, but not nicotiflorin, inhibited pathogen growth in vitro at physiological concentrations. These data therefore suggest that (i) several phenolics are candidate markers for quantitative resistance in potato, (ii) some of these are pathogen specific although they are produced by a general defense pathway, (iii) resistance marker molecules do not necessarily have antimicrobial activity, and (iv) the final content of these target molecules-either constitutive or induced-is a better predictor of resistance than their inducibility by pathogen elicitors.
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Auger B, Marnet N, Gautier V, Maia-Grondard A, Leprince F, Renard M, Guyot S, Nesi N, Routaboul JM. A detailed survey of seed coat flavonoids in developing seeds of Brassica napus L. J Agric Food Chem 2010; 58:6246-56. [PMID: 20429588 DOI: 10.1021/jf903619v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are seed coat flavonoids that impair the digestibility of Brassica napus meal. Development of low-PA lines is associated with a high-quality meal and with increased contents in oil and proteins, but requires better knowledge of seed flavonoids. Flavonoids in Brassica mature seed are mostly insoluble so that very few qualitative and quantitative data are available yet. In the present study, the profiling of seed coat flavonoids was established in eight black-seeded B. napus genotypes, during seed development when soluble flavonoids were present and predominated over the insoluble forms. Thirteen different flavonoids including (-)-epicatechin, five procyanidins (PCs which are PAs composed of epicatechin oligomers only) and seven flavonols (quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-dihexoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, isorhamnetin-hexoside-sulfate, isorhamnetin-dihexoside, isorhamnetin-sinapoyl-trihexoside and kaempferol-sinapoyl-trihexoside) were identified and quantified using liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS(n)). These flavonol derivatives were characterized for the first time in the seed coat of B. napus, and isorhamnetin-hexoside-sulfate and isorhamnetin-sinapoyl-trihexoside were newly identified in Brassica spp. High amounts of PCs accumulated in the seed coat, with solvent-soluble polymers of (-)-epicatechin reaching up to 10% of the seed coat weight during seed maturation. In addition, variability for both PC and flavonol contents was observed within the panel of eight black-seeded genotypes. Our results provide new insights into breeding for low-PC B. napus genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bathilde Auger
- UMR118 INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université Rennes 1, Amélioration des Plantes et Biotechnologies Végétales, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France
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Nunes C, Guyot S, Marnet N, Barros AS, Saraiva JA, Renard CMGC, Coimbra MA. Characterization of plum procyanidins by thiolytic depolymerization. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:5188-5196. [PMID: 18540618 DOI: 10.1021/jf8006135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The phenolic compounds of 'Green Gage' (GG) plums ( Prunus domestica L.), "Rainha Claudia Verde", from a 'protected designation of origin' (PDO), in Portugal, were quantified in both flesh and skin tissues of plums collected in two different orchards (GG-V and GG-C). Analyzes of phenolic compounds were also performed on another GG European plum obtained in France (GG-F) and two other French plums, 'Mirabelle' (M) and 'Golden Japan' (GJ). Thiolysis was used for the first time in the analysis of plum phenolic compounds. This methodology showed that the flesh and skin contain a large proportion of flavan-3-ols, which account, respectively, for 92 and 85% in GJ, 61 and 44% in GG-V, 62 and 48% in GG-C, 54 and 27% in M, and 45 and 37% in GG-F. Terminal units of procyanidins observed in plums are mainly (+)-catechin (54-77% of all terminal units in flesh and 57-81% in skin). The GJ plums showed a phenolic composition different from all of the others, with a lower content of chlorogenic acid isomers and the presence of A-type procyanidins as dimers and terminal residues of polymerized forms. The average degree of polymerization (DPn) of plum procyanidins was higher in the flesh (5-9 units) than in the skin (4-6 units). Procyanidin B7 was observed in the flesh of all GG plums and in the skin of the Portuguese ones. Principal component analysis of the phenolic composition of the flesh and skin of these plums obtained after thiolysis allowed their distinction according to the variety and origin, opening the possibility of the use of phenolic composition for variety/origin identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Nunes
- Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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20
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Contreras-Domínguez M, Guyot S, Marnet N, Le Petit J, Perraud-Gaime I, Roussos S, Augur C. Degradation of procyanidins by Aspergillus fumigatus: Identification of a novel aromatic ring cleavage product. Biochimie 2006; 88:1899-908. [PMID: 16905239 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2006.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2006] [Accepted: 07/03/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus was able to grow on apple-purified procyanidins (PCs). PCs concentration decreased 30% over the first 60 h of liquid fermentation. The mean degree of polymerization (DPn) of apple-purified PCs increased from 8 to 15 during the fermentation. A fungal enzyme extract from the liquid fermentation was used to study procyanidin B2 [(-)-epicatechin-(4beta-8)-(-)-epicatechin] degradation. The major degradation product (PB2-X) had a retention time of 10.5 min and a molecular mass at m/z 609. High-performance liquid chromatography/multiple fragment mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS(n)) was used for the structural characterization of PB2-X as well as that of thiolysis-treated PB2-X. Twelve fragment ions at m/z 565, 547, 457, 439 (two fragment ions), 421, 413, 377, 395, 351, 287 and 277 were completely identified. It was therefore deduced that the terminal unit of procyanidin B2 dimer was modified by an oxygenase from A. fumigatus leaving the extension unit intact. In addition, FT-IR analysis confirmed a lactone formation in (-)-epicatechin moiety involved in oxidative degradation. Two reaction schemes were postulated for the interpretation of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Contreras-Domínguez
- IRD-Unité BioTrans, IMEP, Boîte 441, Fac. Sci. & Tech. St. Jérôme, Université Paul Cézanne, Av. Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, F-13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
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21
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Benoit I, Navarro D, Marnet N, Rakotomanomana N, Lesage-Meessen L, Sigoillot JC, Asther M, Asther M. Feruloyl esterases as a tool for the release of phenolic compounds from agro-industrial by-products. Carbohydr Res 2006; 341:1820-7. [PMID: 16697997 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2006] [Revised: 04/07/2006] [Accepted: 04/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Agro-industrial by-products are a potential source of added-value phenolic acids with promising applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Here two purified feruloyl esterases from Aspergillus niger, FAEA and FAEB were tested for their ability to release phenolic acids such as caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid from coffee pulp, apple marc and wheat straw. Their hydrolysis activity was evaluated and compared with their action on maize bran and sugar beet pulp. The specificity of both enzymes against natural and synthetic substrates was evaluated; particular attention was paid to quinic esters and lignin monomers. The efficiency of both enzymes on model substrates was studied. We show the ability of these enzymes to hydrolyze quinic esters and ester linkages between phenolic acids and lignin monomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Benoit
- UMR-1163 INRA de Biotechnologie des Champignons Filamenteux, IFR86-BAIM, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL, Marseille, France
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22
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Ramirez-Coronel MA, Marnet N, Kolli VSK, Roussos S, Guyot S, Augur C. Characterization and estimation of proanthocyanidins and other phenolics in coffee pulp (Coffea arabica) by thiolysis-high-performance liquid chromatography. J Agric Food Chem 2004; 52:1344-1349. [PMID: 14995144 DOI: 10.1021/jf035208t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Fresh and 3-day-old coffee pulp of the Arabica variety were analyzed for polyphenol composition followed by characterization by two different methods. The first method consisted in subjecting coffee pulp powder to direct thiolysis. For the second method, coffee pulp was subjected to successive solvent extractions, followed by thiolysis. Quantification of phenolic compounds was then achieved by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of thiolysis products. Four major classes of polyphenols were identified: flavan-3-ols (monomers and procyanidins), hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonols, and anthocyanidins. Differences in concentration of procyanidins were observed between fresh and 3-day-old coffee pulp. Constitutive units were mainly epicatechin, representing more than 90% of the proanthocyanidin units, with average degrees of polymerization in the range of 3.8-9.1. Monomer to hexamer units of flavan-3-ols from fresh coffee pulp were separated by normal-phase HPLC. Molecular size of oligomeric proanthocyanidins was obtained by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Results obtained confirm the presence of oligomers of the flavan-3-ol (-)-epicatechin.
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Guyot S, Marnet N, Sanoner P, Drilleau JF. Variability of the polyphenolic composition of cider apple (Malus domestica) fruits and juices. J Agric Food Chem 2003; 51:6240-6247. [PMID: 14518950 DOI: 10.1021/jf0301798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Five French cider apple varieties were compared on the basis of their detailed polyphenol profile in the cortex and in the juices. Among the factors studied, variety was the most important variability factor in fruits, whereas polyphenol profiles showed an overall stability from one year to another, and a limited decrease of polyphenol concentration was observed during the starch regression period of fruit maturation. In juices, procyanidins remained the preponderant polyphenol class with concentrations up to 2.4 g/L even in centrifuged juices. Compared to the fruits, the average degree of polymerization of procyanidins was significantly reduced in the juice. Centrifugation of the crude juice had only minor effects on the polyphenol composition. For one variety, highly polymerized procyanidins with average degrees of polymerization of 25 were shown to be soluble in the centrifuged juice at a concentration of close to 1.2 g/L. Oxygenation of the juices during processing resulted in a significant decrease of all classes of native polyphenols. Catechins and procyanidins were particularly affected by oxidation, whereas caffeoylquinic acid was partly preserved. The transfer of polyphenols after pressing was maximal for dihydrochalcones and minimal for procyanidins with extraction yield values close to 80 and 30%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Guyot
- Unité de Recherches Cidricoles, Biotransformation des Fruits et Légumes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, B.P. 35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France.
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Ferreira D, Guyot S, Marnet N, Delgadillo I, Renard CMGC, Coimbra MA. Composition of phenolic compounds in a Portuguese pear (Pyrus communis L. var. S. Bartolomeu) and changes after sun-drying. J Agric Food Chem 2002; 50:4537-44. [PMID: 12137473 DOI: 10.1021/jf020251m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The composition of phenolic compounds of a Portuguese pear cultivar (Pyrus communis L. var. S. Bartolomeu) was determined by HPLC after thioacidolysis. The average concentration of phenolic compounds in pear harvested at commercial maturity stage was 3.7 g per kg of fresh pulp. Procyanidins were the predominant phenolics (96%), with a mean degree of polymerization (mDP) of 13-44; hydroxycinnamic acids (2%), arbutin (0.8%), and catechins (0.7%) were also present. The most abundant monomer in the procyanidin structures was (-)-epicatechin (99%), which was found as extension and terminal units; (+)-catechin (1%) was found only as a terminal unit. Sun-drying of these pears caused a decrease of 64% (on a dry pulp basis) in the total amount of native phenolic compounds. Hydroxycinnamic acids and procyanidins showed the largest decrease; the B2 procyanidin was not found at all in the sun-dried pear. Less affected were arbutin and catechins. In the sun-dried pear, the procyanidins with high mDP became unextractable in the solvents used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulcineia Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Guyot S, Marnet N, Sanoner P, Drilleau JF. Direct thiolysis on crude apple materials for high-performance liquid chromatography characterization and quantification of polyphenols in cider apple tissues and juices. Methods Enzymol 2001; 335:57-70. [PMID: 11400391 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(01)35231-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Guyot
- Laboratoire de Recherches Cidricoles, Biotransformation des Fruits et Légumes, INRA, Le Rheu F-35650, France
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Guyot S, Marnet N, Drilleau J. Thiolysis-HPLC characterization of apple procyanidins covering a large range of polymerization states. J Agric Food Chem 2001; 49:14-20. [PMID: 11170553 DOI: 10.1021/jf000814z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Procyanidins from the cortex of two cider apple varieties (Malus domestica; Kermerrien and Avrolles) were extracted by solvents. After a solid-phase extraction step, they were fractionated by normal- or reversed-phase HPLC at the semipreparative scale to obtain a series of purified fractions covering a wide range of polymerization states. Freeze-dried fractions were characterized by reversed-phase HPLC following thiolysis. Elution on normal-phase HPLC gave oligomeric procyanidins fractions with (average degree of polymerization) values varying from 2 to 8, whereas polymeric fractions ( values varying from 7 to 190) were obtained by reversed-phase HPLC. Constitutive units were mainly (-)-epicatechin with a proportion above 95% for all fractions. Thiolysis yields were wholly homogeneous with an average value of 75%, which indicates that the efficiency of the reaction did not depend on the polymerization state of the procyanidin fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guyot
- Laboratoire de Recherches Cidricoles, Biotransformation des Fruits et Légumes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, BP 29, 35650 Le Rheu, France.
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Sanoner P, Guyot S, Marnet N, Molle D, Drilleau JP. Polyphenol profiles of French cider apple varieties (Malus domestica sp.). J Agric Food Chem 1999; 47:4847-53. [PMID: 10606541 DOI: 10.1021/jf990563y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The cortex of 14 French apple varieties (12 cider and 2 juice varieties), one English cider variety, and one dessert apple (i.e., Golden Delicious) were studied for their polyphenol composition. Total polyphenols were assayed by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and the precise polyphenolic composition (monomeric catechins, proanthocyanidins, hydroxycinnamic acids, and dihydrochalcones) was obtained by HPLC following thiolysis. ESI-MS and ESI-MS/MS analyses showed that chlorogenic acid and p-coumaroylquinic acid were methylated under the conditions of thiolysis. Depending on the variety, the global polyphenol concentration varied from 1 to 7 g per kilogram of fresh cortex. Cider varieties globally showed a higher polyphenol concentration than the dessert apple Golden Delicious, bitter varieties being the more concentrated. The proportion of the polyphenol classes varied greatly from one cultivar to another. For all varieties, procyanidins were always the predominant class. They were mainly constituted of (-)-epicatechin units with a small proportion of (+)-catechin as a terminal unit. The average degree of polymerization ranged between 4.2 and 7.5 depending upon the variety with an exception for the sharp varieties Guillevic and Avrolles which showed significant concentrations of procyanidins with DPn of 40 and 50, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sanoner
- Laboratoire de Recherches Cidricoles, Biotransformation des Fruits et Légumes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, BP 29, 35650 Le Rheu, France
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