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Luthra S, Sirana P, Pasricha N, Issar G, Singla N. Comparison of the effect of zirconia and titanium abutments on peri-implant hard and soft tissues. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2024; 24:69-75. [PMID: 38263560 PMCID: PMC10896305 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_201_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM The primary objective of this research was to assess and compare the impact of customized zirconia (Zr) and titanium (Ti) abutments, placed on early loaded dental implants, on both hard tissue (as measured crestal bone level) and soft tissue (as assessed by sulcular bleeding index [SBI], probing depth [PD], and Pink Esthetic Score [PES]), through clinical and radiographic evaluation. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This research involved a sample of 15 patients who had partially dentulous mandibular arch. Within this group, a total of 30 implants were surgically placed. Specifically, each patient received two implants in the posterior region of the mandible, and the bone density in this area was classified as D2 type. In each patient, one implant was loaded with Zr abutment and the other was loaded with Ti abutment. The bone quality in the area of implant placement was Type D2. Two groups were created for this research. Each group consisted of 15 early loaded dental implants with customized Zr abutments and customized Ti abutments respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hard- and soft-tissue changes were evaluated in both the groups. Evaluation of crestal bone loss (CBL) with cone beam computed tomography and SBI, PD and PESs were evaluated by various indices at 2, 4, and 6 months postloading. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED After obtaining the readings, data were subjected to statistical analysis and comparison of quantitative data was done, paired t-test was used. RESULTS The mean CBL in the Ti abutment is higher; the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. SBI and PD for Zr were higher, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Zr had a higher PES than Ti abutment and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. In the literature till date, the PES of Zr abutments were proven better for provisional restorations in implant prosthesis, but very few literatures support the same for the final implant restorations. CONCLUSION The study did not reveal a clear advantage of either Ti or Zr abutments over the other. Nevertheless, Zr abutments tended to produce a more favorable color response in the peri-implant mucosa and led to superior esthetic outcomes as measured by the PES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Luthra
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridges, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Affiliated with Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pallavi Sirana
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridges, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Affiliated with Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neeta Pasricha
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridges, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Affiliated with Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Issar
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridges, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Affiliated with Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridges, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Affiliated with Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Barman P, Sharma C, Joshi S, Sharma S, Maan M, Rishi P, Singla N, Saini A. In Vivo Acute Toxicity and Therapeutic Potential of a Synthetic Peptide, DP1 in a Staphylococcus aureus Infected Murine Wound Excision Model. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10176-1. [PMID: 37910332 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infections at the surgical sites are one of the most prevalent skin infections that impair the healing mechanism. They account for about 20% of all types of infections and lead to approximately 75% of surgical-site infection-associated mortality. Several antibiotics, such as cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, quinolones, penicillin, sulfonamides, etc., that are used to treat such wound infections not only counter infections but also disrupt the normal flora. Moreover, antibiotics, when used for a prolonged duration, may impair the formation of new blood vessels, delay collagen production, or inhibit the migration of certain cells involved in wound repair, leading to an impaired healing process. Therefore, there is a dire need for alternate therapeutic approaches against such infections. Antimicrobial peptides have gained considerable attention as a promising strategy to counter these pathogens and prevent the spread of infection. Recently, we have reported a designed peptide, DP1, and its broad-spectrum in vitro antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In the present study, in vivo acute toxicity of DP1 was evaluated and even at a high dose (20 mg/kg body weight) of DP1, a 100% survival of mice was observed. Subsequently, a Staphylococcus aureus-infected murine wound excision model was established to assess the wound healing efficacy of DP1. The study revealed significant wound healing vis-a-vis attenuated S. aureus bioburden at the wound site and also controlled the oxidative stress depicting anti-oxidant activity as well. Healing of the infected wounds was also verified by histopathological examination. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that DP1 improves wound resolution despite infections and promotes the healing mechanism. Hence, DP1 holds compelling potential as a novel antimicrobial drug that requires further explorations in clinical platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panchali Barman
- Institute of Forensic Science and Criminology (UIEAST), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Chakshu Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T, 160014, India
| | - Shubhi Joshi
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T, 160014, India
| | - Sheetal Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T, 160014, India
| | - Mayank Maan
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T, 160014, India
| | - Praveen Rishi
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T, 160014, India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T, 160014, India
| | - Avneet Saini
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T, 160014, India.
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3
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Kumar M, Kim CH, Singla N. Editorial: Zebrafish as a model for human congenital disorders. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1235580. [PMID: 37408532 PMCID: PMC10319138 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1235580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Megha Kumar
- CSIR- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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4
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Iyer S, Dhiman N, Zade SP, Mukherjee S, Singla N, Kumar M. Exposure to Tetrabutylammonium Bromide Impairs Cranial Neural Crest Specification, Neurogenic Program, and Brain Morphogenesis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:1785-1798. [PMID: 37125651 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) is a widely used industrial reagent and is commonly found in our aquatic ecosystem as an industrial byproduct. In humans, the ingestion of TBAB causes severe neurological impairments and disorders such as vertigo, hallucinations, and delirium. Yet, the extent of environmental risk and TBAB toxicity to human health is poorly understood. In this study, we aim to determine the developmental toxicity of TBAB using zebrafish embryos as a model and provide novel insights into the mechanism of action of such chemicals on neurodevelopment and the overall embryonic program. Our results show that exposure to TBAB results in impaired development of the brain, inner ear, and pharyngeal skeletal elements in the zebrafish embryo. TBAB treatment resulted in aberrations in the specification of the neural crest precursors, hindbrain segmentation, and otic neurogenesis. TBAB treatment also induced a surge in apoptosis in the head, tail, and trunk regions of the developing embryo. Long-term TBAB exposure resulted in cardiac edema and craniofacial defects. Further, in silico molecular docking analysis indicated that TBAB binds to AMPA receptors and modulates neural developmental genes such as olfactomedin and acetylcholinesterase in the embryonic brain. To summarize, our study highlights the novel effects of TBAB on embryonic brain formation and segmentation, ear morphogenesis, and craniofacial skeletal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharada Iyer
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Uppal Road, Habsiguda, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Neha Dhiman
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh160014, India
| | - Suraj P Zade
- Global Product Compliance─India, 301, Samved Sankul, Near MLA Hostel, Civil Lines, Nagpur 440001, India
| | - Sulagna Mukherjee
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Uppal Road, Habsiguda, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh160014, India
| | - Megha Kumar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Uppal Road, Habsiguda, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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5
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Sachdeva KS, Bhatnagar AK, Bhaskar A, Singla N, Sridhar R, Ramraj B, Athawale A, Solanki R, Baruah SR, Patel Y, Ramachandran R, Padmapriyadarsini C. QTc prolongation with bedaquiline treatment for drug-resistant pulmonary TB in a programmatic setting. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2023; 27:329-331. [PMID: 37035973 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.22.0406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K S Sachdeva
- Central TB Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India, The Union South East Asia, New Delhi, India
| | - A K Bhatnagar
- Rajan Babu Institute of Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis, New Delhi, India
| | - A Bhaskar
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - N Singla
- National Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, New Delhi, India
| | - R Sridhar
- Government Hospital of Thoracic Medicine, Chennai, India
| | - B Ramraj
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - A Athawale
- Seth GS Medical College & KEM Hospital and Group of TB Hospitals, Mumbai, India
| | - R Solanki
- BJ Medical College, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Y Patel
- Central TB Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India, WHO Country Office for India, New Delhi, India
| | | | - C Padmapriyadarsini
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
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6
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Thakur A, Jain S, Pant A, Sharma A, Kumar R, Singla N, Suttee A, Kumar S, Barnwal RP, Katare OP, Singh G. Cyclodextrin Derivative Enhances the Ophthalmic Delivery of Poorly Soluble Azithromycin. ACS Omega 2022; 7:23050-23060. [PMID: 35847282 PMCID: PMC9280958 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Azithromycin (AZM), a macrolide antibiotic used for the treatment of chlamydial conjunctivitis, is less effective for the treatment of this disease due to its poor bioavailability (38%). Various alternatives have been developed for improving the physicochemical properties (i.e., solubility) of the AZM without much success. To overcome the problems associated with AZM, an inclusion complex employing a modified cyclodextrin, i.e., sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD), was prepared and characterized by phase solubility studies and PXRD techniques. The results portrayed the formation of an inclusion complex of AZM with SBE-β-CD in 1:2 molar stoichiometric ratios. This inclusion complex was later incorporated into a polymer matrix to prepare an in situ gel. Various combinations of Carbopol 934P and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC K4M) polymers were used and evaluated by rheological and in vitro drug release studies. The optimized formulation (F4) containing Carbopol 934P (0.2% w/v) and HPMC K4M (0.2% w/v) was evaluated for clarity, pH, gelling capacity, drug content, rheological properties, in vitro drug release pattern, ocular irritation test, and antimicrobial efficacy. Finally, owing to the improved antimicrobial efficacy and increased residence time, the AZM:SBE-β-CD in situ gel was found to be a promising formulation for the efficient treatment of bacterial ocular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Thakur
- Lachoo
Memorial College of Science and Technology, Jodhpur 342001, India
- University
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Sourabh Jain
- Lachoo
Memorial College of Science and Technology, Jodhpur 342001, India
| | - Anjali Pant
- University
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Akanksha Sharma
- University
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
- Department
of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- University
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department
of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ashish Suttee
- Lovely
Professional University, Phagwara, Panjab 144411, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department
of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
- National
Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, S.
P. Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Ravi P. Barnwal
- Department
of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Om Prakash Katare
- University
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Gurpal Singh
- University
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab
University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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7
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Alajangi HK, Kaur M, Sharma A, Rana S, Thakur S, Chatterjee M, Singla N, Jaiswal PK, Singh G, Barnwal RP. Blood-brain barrier: emerging trends on transport models and new-age strategies for therapeutics intervention against neurological disorders. Mol Brain 2022; 15:49. [PMID: 35650613 PMCID: PMC9158215 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-022-00937-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) is essential for normal central nervous system (CNS) functioning. Considering the significance of BBB in maintaining homeostasis and the neural environment, we aim to provide an overview of significant aspects of BBB. Worldwide, the treatment of neurological diseases caused by BBB disruption has been a major challenge. BBB also restricts entry of neuro-therapeutic drugs and hinders treatment modalities. Hence, currently nanotechnology-based approaches are being explored on large scale as alternatives to conventional methodologies. It is necessary to investigate the in-depth characteristic features of BBB to facilitate the discovery of novel drugs that can successfully cross the barrier and target the disease effectively. It is imperative to discover novel strategies to treat life-threatening CNS diseases in humans. Therefore, insights regarding building blocks of BBB, activation of immune response on breach of this barrier, and various autoimmune neurological disorders caused due to BBB dysfunction are discussed. Further, special emphasis is given on delineating BBB disruption leading to CNS disorders. Moreover, various mechanisms of transport pathways across BBB, several novel strategies, and alternative routes by which drugs can be properly delivered into CNS are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hema Kumari Alajangi
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.,University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Akanksha Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.,University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Sumedh Rana
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Shipali Thakur
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Mary Chatterjee
- Department of Biotechnology, UIET, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Jaiswal
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| | - Gurpal Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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8
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Sharma K, Sharma M, Modi M, Singla N, Sharma A, Sharma A, Sharma N, Ray P. Comparative analysis of Truenat™ MTB Plus and Xpert ® Ultra in diagnosing tuberculous meningitis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 25:626-631. [PMID: 34330347 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Diagnostic delay and drug resistance not only worsen the outcomes of tuberculous meningitis (TBM), but are also important impediments to TB elimination efforts. Given the need for a near point-of-care test suitable for primary healthcare centres and simultaneous detection of resistance, Truenat™ MTB Plus assay was evaluated on a large cohort of TBM patients.METHODS: Truenat assay was performed on 148 cerebrospinal fluid specimens (76 definite TBM, 32 probable TBM and 40 non-TBM controls) and its performance was compared with Xpert® Ultra.RESULTS: The overall sensitivity of Truenat and Ultra was respectively 78.7% and 67.6% in diagnosing TBM, and respectively 85.5% and 96% in diagnosing definite TBM. Twenty-three additional cases were detected using Truenat and 11 using Ultra. Truenat missed seven cases of rifampicin (RIF) resistance and indicated false RIF resistance in four cases.CONCLUSION: Performance of Truenat was comparable to that of Ultra in diagnosing TBM and inferior to Xpert Ultra in determining RIF resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - M Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India, Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bilaspur, India
| | - M Modi
- Department of Neurology, Chandigarh, India
| | - N Singla
- Department of Internal MedicineChandigarh, India
| | - A Sharma
- Department of Neurology, Chandigarh, India
| | - A Sharma
- Department of Internal MedicineChandigarh, India
| | - N Sharma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - P Ray
- Department of Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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9
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Singh G, Kaur H, Sharma A, Singh J, Alajangi HK, Kumar S, Singla N, Kaur IP, Barnwal RP. Carbon Based Nanodots in Early Diagnosis of Cancer. Front Chem 2021; 9:669169. [PMID: 34109155 PMCID: PMC8181141 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.669169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of cancer at an early stage is one of the principal factors associated with successful treatment outcome. However, current diagnostic methods are not capable of making sensitive and robust cancer diagnosis. Nanotechnology based products exhibit unique physical, optical and electrical properties that can be useful in diagnosis. These nanotech-enabled diagnostic representatives have proved to be generally more capable and consistent; as they selectively accumulated in the tumor site due to their miniscule size. This article rotates around the conventional imaging techniques, the use of carbon based nanodots viz Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs), Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs), Nanodiamonds, Fullerene, and Carbon Nanotubes that have been synthesized in recent years, along with the discovery of a wide range of biomarkers to identify cancer at early stage. Early detection of cancer using nanoconstructs is anticipated to be a distinct reality in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpal Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Harinder Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akanksha Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Joga Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Indu Pal Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Sachdeva KS, Arora N, Solanki R, Singla R, Sarin R, Bhatnagar A, Khanna A, Atahavale A, Shridhar R, Barua SR, Parmar M, Farooq SI, Ramachandran R, Alavadi U, Swamickan R, Tonsing J, Patel Y, Singla N. Strengthened capacity of India´s bedaquiline Conditional Access Programme for introducing new drugs and regimens. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 24:1067-1072. [PMID: 33126941 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.20.0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Addressing TB in India is critical to meeting global targets. With the scale-up of diagnostic networks and the availability of new TB drugs, India had the opportunity to improve the detection and treatment outcomes in drug-resistant TB (DR-TB).OBJECTIVE: To document how the introduction of new drugs and regimens is helping India improve the care of DR-TB patients.DESIGN: In 2016, India´s National TB Programme (NTP) introduced bedaquiline (BDQ) under a Conditional Access Programme (BDQ-CAP) at six sites after providing extensive training and strengthening laboratory testing, pre-treatment evaluation, active drug safety monitoring and management (aDSM) and follow-up systems.RESULTS: An interim analysis reflected earlier and better culture conversion rates: 83% of the 620 patients converted within a median time of 60 days. However, 248 serious adverse events were reported, including 73 deaths (12%) and 100 cardiotoxicity events (16.3%). Encouraged by the evidence of safety and efficacy of BDQ, the NTP took steps to systematically expand its access to cover the entire population by 2018.CONCLUSION: The cautious yet focused approach used to introduce BDQ under BDQ-CAP paved the way for the rapid introduction of delamanid, as well as the shorter treatment regimen and the all-oral regimen for DR-TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Sachdeva
- Central TB Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi
| | - N Arora
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease South East Asia, New Delhi
| | - R Solanki
- BJ Medical College and Hospital, Ahmedabad
| | - R Singla
- National Institute for TB and Respiratory Disease, New Delhi
| | - R Sarin
- National Institute for TB and Respiratory Disease, New Delhi
| | - A Bhatnagar
- Rajan Babu Institute for Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis, New Delhi
| | - A Khanna
- Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi, New Delhi
| | - A Atahavale
- King Edward Memorial College & Group of TB Hospital, Mumbai
| | - R Shridhar
- Government Hospital of Thoracic Medicine, Chennai
| | | | - M Parmar
- World Health Organisation, India Country Office, New Delhi
| | - S I Farooq
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease South East Asia, New Delhi
| | - R Ramachandran
- World Health Organisation, India Country Office, New Delhi
| | - U Alavadi
- United States Agency for International Development India, New Delhi, India
| | - R Swamickan
- United States Agency for International Development India, New Delhi, India
| | - J Tonsing
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease South East Asia, New Delhi
| | - Y Patel
- Central TB Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi
| | - N Singla
- National Institute for TB and Respiratory Disease, New Delhi
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Sharma A, De Rosa M, Singla N, Singh G, Barnwal RP, Pandey A. Tuberculosis: An Overview of the Immunogenic Response, Disease Progression, and Medicinal Chemistry Efforts in the Last Decade toward the Development of Potential Drugs for Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Strains. J Med Chem 2021; 64:4359-4395. [PMID: 33826327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a slow growing, potentially debilitating disease that has plagued humanity for centuries and has claimed numerous lives across the globe. Concerted efforts by researchers have culminated in the development of various strategies to combat this malady. This review aims to raise awareness of the rapidly increasing incidences of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis, highlighting the significant modifications that were introduced in the TB treatment regimen over the past decade. A description of the role of pathogen-host immune mechanisms together with strategies for prevention of the disease is discussed. The struggle to develop novel drug therapies has continued in an effort to reduce the treatment duration, improve patient compliance and outcomes, and circumvent TB resistance mechanisms. Herein, we give an overview of the extensive medicinal chemistry efforts made during the past decade toward the discovery of new chemotypes, which are potentially active against TB-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.,UIPS, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Maria De Rosa
- Drug Discovery Unit, Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Gurpal Singh
- UIPS, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ravi P Barnwal
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ankur Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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Tandale P, Choudhary N, Singh J, Sharma A, Shukla A, Sriram P, Soni U, Singla N, Barnwal RP, Singh G, Kaur IP, Suttee A. Fluorescent quantum dots: An insight on synthesis and potential biological application as drug carrier in cancer. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:100962. [PMID: 33763604 PMCID: PMC7973288 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.100962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are nanocrystals of semiconducting material possessing quantum mechanical characteristics with capability to get conjugated with drug moieties. The particle size of QDs varies from 2 to 10 nm and can radiate a wide range of colours depending upon their size. Their wide and diverse usage of QDs across the world is due to their adaptable properties like large quantum yield, photostability, and adjustable emission spectrum. QDs are nanomaterials with inherent electrical characteristics that can be used as drug carrier vehicle and as a diagnostic in the field of nanomedicine. Scientists from various fields are aggressively working for the development of single platform that can sense, can produce a microscopic image and even be used to deliver a therapeutic agent. QDs are the fluorescent nano dots with which the possibilities of the drug delivery to a targeted site and its biomedical imaging can be explored. This review is mainly focused on the different process of synthesis of QDs, their application especially in the areas of malignancies and as a theranostic tool. The attempt is to consolidate the data available for the use of QDs in the biomedical applications. QDs are nonmaterial's that can be used for drug delivery, imaging and diagnostic tool in the field of nanomedicine. The various approaches to synthesize the QDs were explored. QDs are accepted in the treatment strategies due to their biocompatibility with human physiology. QDs posses' several biomedical application particularly in the area of cancer theranostics. Fluorescents dots (QDs) can illuminate the complicated terrain of oncology sciences, novel biomarkers and a patient compliant treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Tandale
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Neeraj Choudhary
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Joga Singh
- Univesity Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akanksha Sharma
- Univesity Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.,Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ananya Shukla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pavani Sriram
- Vaagdevi College of Pharmacy, Kakatiya University. Warangal, Telangana State, India
| | - Udit Soni
- Teri School of Advanced Studies, Teri University, New Delhi, India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ravi P Barnwal
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gurpal Singh
- Univesity Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Indu Pal Kaur
- Univesity Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashish Suttee
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
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Rani P, Husain A, Shukla A, Singla N, Srivastava AK, Kumar G, Bhasin KK, Kumar G. Functionalized naphthalenediimide based supramolecular charge-transfer complexes via self-assembly and their photophysical properties. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01719a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Two new intermolecular CT complexes having large Stokes shift (>170 nm) and significant fluorescence life-time (∼1.55 ns) have been prepared and exploited for cell imaging application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Rani
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
| | - Ahmad Husain
- Department of Chemistry
- DAV University Jalandhar
- India
| | - Ananya Shukla
- Department of Biophysics
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
| | | | - Gulshan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
| | - K. K. Bhasin
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
| | - Girijesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
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Sharma N, Khanna A, Chandra S, Basu S, Chopra K, Singla N. Epidemiological correlates and treatment outcomes of MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT Tuberculosis in Delhi, India: A record-based operational research study. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Saalim M, Sansare K, Ali IK, Sonawane H, Singla N, Vanga K, Kapoor R, Karjodkar FR. Efficacy of betamethasone, hyaluronidase and its combination on mouth opening, burning sensation and QOL in patients with OSF. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2020; 10:492-497. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Sharma A, Shukla A, Attri K, Kumar M, Kumar P, Suttee A, Singh G, Barnwal RP, Singla N. Global trends in pesticides: A looming threat and viable alternatives. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 201:110812. [PMID: 32512419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are widely used chemical compounds in agriculture to destroy insects, pests and weeds. In modern era, they form an indispensable part of agricultural and health practices. Globally, nearly 3 billion kg of pesticides are used every year with a budget of ~40 billion USD. This extensive usage has increased the crop yield as well as led to significant reduction in harvest losses and thereby, enhanced food availability. On the other hand, indiscriminate usage of these chemicals has led to several environmental implications and caused adverse effects on human health. Epidemiological evidences have revealed the harmful effects of pesticides exposure on various organs including liver, brain, lungs and colon. Recent investigations have shown that pesticides can also lead to fatal consequences such as cancer among individuals. These chemicals enter ecosystem, thus hampering the sensitive environmental equilibrium through bio-accumulation. Due to their non-biodegradable nature, they can persist in nature for years and are regarded as potent biohazard. Worldwide, very few surveillance methods have been considered, which can bring awareness among the individuals, therefore the present review is an attempt to delineate consequences induced by various types of pesticide exposure on the environment. Further, the prospective of biopesticides use could facilitate the increase of crop production without compromising human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; UIPS, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ananya Shukla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Kriti Attri
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, 140306, India
| | - Megha Kumar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Puneet Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Ashish Suttee
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Gurpal Singh
- UIPS, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | | | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Singla N, Avasthi A, Grover S. Recovery and its correlates in patients with schizophrenia. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 52:102162. [PMID: 32562926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Little information is available from India, on psychological recovery in patients with schizophrenia. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the correlates and stages of the psychological recovery of patients with schizophrenia. 100 patients, in clinical remission, were evaluated on Stages of Recovery Instrument (STORI), Functional Social Support Questionnaire, WHO Quality of life-BREF, Ways of Coping Checklist, Internalised Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder and Knowledge of mental illness scale. Majority of the patients (N = 50) belonged to the stage-5 (Growth), and this was followed by those in the stage-4 (stage of rebuilding; N = 22) and stage-3 (stage of preparation; N = 16) of recovery. A higher stage of recovery was associated with lower stigma in all the domains except stigma resistance. Higher use of confrontative coping and accepting responsibility was associated with a higher score in the awareness stage of recovery. In terms of insight, higher awareness about the effect of medication was associated with a higher stage of recovery. Higher disability in the domain of self-care was seen in the lower stage of recovery. Better quality of life in the physical health domain was associated with being in a higher stage of recovery. To conclude, findings of the present study suggest that stigma plays a significant role in determining the outcome in the form of personal recovery. These findings suggest that to organize the services to promote personal recovery, clinicians should not only aim at symptom amelioration but also must focus on stigma to promote psychological recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Singla
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Ajit Avasthi
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Sandeep Grover
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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Gupta A, Singla R, Caminero JA, Singla N, Mrigpuri P, Mohan A. Impact of COVID-19 on tuberculosis services in India. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 24:637-639. [PMID: 32553014 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.20.0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Gupta
- Department of Tuberculosis and Chest Diseases, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, New Delhi
| | - R Singla
- Department of Tuberculosis and Chest Diseases, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, New Delhi
| | - J A Caminero
- Department of Pneumology, Dr Negrín University Hospital of Gran Canaria, Barranco de la Ballena, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, MDR-TB Unit, Tuberculosis Division, International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France
| | - N Singla
- Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, New Delhi
| | - P Mrigpuri
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, New Delhi
| | - A Mohan
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, ,
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Kaur M, Chander J, Singla N, Das A, Sood S, Guarro J. Sino-orbital infection caused by Schizophyllum commune - rare presentation of a basidiomycetous fungus. J Mycol Med 2020; 30:100934. [PMID: 32037101 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2020.100934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College Hospital, Sector 32-B, Chandigarh 160030, India.
| | - J Chander
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College Hospital, Sector 32-B, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - N Singla
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College Hospital, Sector 32-B, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - A Das
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Government Medical College Hospital, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - S Sood
- Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College Hospital, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - J Guarro
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
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Viscusi E, Minkowitz H, Winkle P, Ramamoorthy S, Hu J, Singla N. Correction to: HTX-011 reduced pain intensity and opioid consumption versus bupivacaine HCl in herniorrhaphy: results from the phase 3 EPOCH 2 study. Hernia 2020; 24:679. [PMID: 32020340 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-020-02134-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In Abstract, under the section "Results", the first and third p values are incorrect. The correct p values should be p = 0.0004 and p < 0.0001 respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Viscusi
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, 111 South 11th Street, Gibbon Building, Suite 8490, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
| | | | - P Winkle
- Anaheim Clinical Trials, Anaheim, CA, USA
| | - S Ramamoorthy
- University of California at San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - J Hu
- Heron Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - N Singla
- Lotus Clinical Research, LLC, Pasadena, CA, USA
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Taratkin M, Laukhtina E, Singla N, Enikeev D. How lasers ablate stones: In-vitro study of laser lithotripsy (Ho:YAG and Tm-fiber lasers) in different environments. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)30011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Gaba S, Gupta M, Singla N, Singh R. Clinical outcome and predictors of severity in scrub typhus patients at a tertiary care hospital in Chandigarh, India. J Vector Borne Dis 2019; 56:367-372. [PMID: 33269738 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.302041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Scrub typhus is an under-reported rickettsial illness caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi which is transmitted by trombiculid mites. Serious complications are not uncommon and multiorgan dysfunction may develop leading to death. Paucity of data on the clinical spectrum and determinants of aftermath may be contributing to higher mortality in the region. A prospective study was done to describe the spectrum of organ dysfunction in serologically confirmed cases of scrub typhus and document predictors of adverse outcomes. METHODS This prospective study was carried out in patients diagnosed to have scrub typhus by IgM ELISA. The clinical features, investigations and complications among survivors were statistically compared to those in the deceased. Fisher's exact test, t-test and logistic regression have been applied where appropriate. RESULTS The study population comprised of 123 patients. Majority of patients (62%) had one or more organ dysfunction. Ten patients (8.1%) did not survive. Complications documented were acute kidney injury (AKI) in 35%, hepatitis in 29.2%, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in 26%, shock in 13%, meningitis in 5.7%, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in 2.6%, pancreatitis in 2.6% and myocarditis in 1.6%. Certain clinical features, biochemical parameters and complications had statistically significant correlation with the outcome. The mean SOFA score was considerably higher in those who did not survive. Interpretation &conclusion: Patients developing hepatic dysfunction, acute kidney injury and respiratory distress should be identified early and intensively monitored. The SOFA score can be utilized to assess the severity at admission and rapidly triage the sicker patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gaba
- Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - M Gupta
- Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - N Singla
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ram Singh
- Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
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Viscusi E, Minkowitz H, Winkle P, Ramamoorthy S, Hu J, Singla N. HTX-011 reduced pain intensity and opioid consumption versus bupivacaine HCl in herniorrhaphy: results from the phase 3 EPOCH 2 study. Hernia 2019; 23:1071-1080. [PMID: 31429023 PMCID: PMC6938470 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-019-02023-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Currently available local anesthetics have not demonstrated sufficient analgesia beyond 12–24 h postoperatively. The purpose of the study was to assess the safety and efficacy of HTX-011 (bupivacaine and meloxicam in Biochronomer® polymer technology), a long-acting investigational anesthetic, in reducing both postoperative pain over 72 h and postoperative opioid use compared to bupivacaine hydrochloride (HCl). Methods A phase 3, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled multi-center study (EPOCH 2; NCT03237481) in subjects undergoing unilateral open inguinal herniorrhaphy with mesh placement was performed. Subjects randomly received a single intraoperative dose of HTX-011, immediate-release bupivacaine HCl, or saline placebo prior to closure. Results The study evaluated 418 subjects, and the primary and all key secondary efficacy endpoints were in favor of HTX-011. HTX-011 reduced mean pain intensity by 23% versus placebo (primary endpoint; p < 0.001) and by 21% versus bupivacaine HCl (p < 0.001) with significant reductions in the number of patients experiencing severe pain. Opioid consumption over 72 h was reduced by 38% versus placebo (p < 0.001) and 25% versus bupivacaine HCl (p = 0.024). Overall, 51% of HTX-011 subjects were opioid-free through 72 h (versus 22% for placebo [p < 0.001] and 40% for bupivacaine HCl [p = 0.049]). HTX-011 was generally well-tolerated with fewer opioid-related adverse events reported compared to the bupivacaine HCl and placebo and no evidence of local anesthetic systemic toxicity. Conclusions HTX-011 demonstrated significant improvement in postoperative pain control and a clinically meaningful reduction in opioid consumption when compared to the most widely used local anesthetic, bupivacaine HCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Viscusi
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, 111 South 11th Street, Gibbon Building, Suite 8490, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
| | | | - P Winkle
- Anaheim Clinical Trials, Anaheim, CA, USA
| | - S Ramamoorthy
- University of California at San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - J Hu
- Heron Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - N Singla
- Lotus Clinical Research, LLC, Pasadena, CA, USA
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Bhankhur D, Singla N, Aggarwal D, Chander J. Prevalence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis among patients with severe bronchial asthma in a tertiary care hospital in Northern India. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2019; 62:111-113. [PMID: 30706871 DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_205_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The link between fungi and asthma has been known for centuries. About one-third to one-half of severe asthmatics has history of atopic sensitization to filamentous fungi, most predominantly to Aspergillus fumigatus. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is the one of the most documented fungal presentations among patients with asthma. This study was done on 50 patients with severe asthma who were consecutively enrolled from January 2016 to June 2017 to look for prevalence of ABPA. Materials and Methods Blood samples were collected from 50 patients with severe asthma, and serum was separated to test for absolute eosinophil count, total IgE, and Aspergillus fumigates-specific IgE. Results The prevalence of ABPA was found to be 70% (35/50). Of these, ABPA-B (ABPA with bronchiectasis) was less 31.4% (11/35) when compared with 68.5% (24/35) of patients with serological ABPA. Out of these 35 patients, there were 18 females and 17 were males. The mean age of the patients was 41.3 years. Conclusion ABPA prevalence is high in patients with severe asthma, and there is a need to look for and evaluate this association further.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bhankhur
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - N Singla
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - D Aggarwal
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - J Chander
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
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Sharma S, Singla N, Chadha VD, Dhawan DK. A concept of radiation hormesis: stimulation of antioxidant machinery in rats by low dose ionizing radiation. Hell J Nucl Med 2019; 22:43-48. [PMID: 30843009 DOI: 10.1967/s002449910958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The concept of radiation hormesis has been the matter of discussion with regard to beneficial effects to biological systems from low doses of ionizing radiations. However, its molecular basis is not well understood till now and the present study is a step forward to elucidate how low levels of ionizing radiation prove beneficial for functioning of biological systems. MATERIAL AND METHODS Female Wistar rats weighing 100-120g were divided into four different groups. Each group consisted of eight animals. The animals in Group I served as normal controls for Group II animals which were subjected to whole body X-rays exposure of 20rads and were sacrificed 6 hours following exposure. Group III animals served as normal controls for group IV animals which were given whole body X-rays radiation of 20rads and were sacrificed 24 hours following exposure. RESULTS The levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), total glutathione (TG) were increased in liver, kidney, brain and blood after 6hrs as well as 24hrs following X-rays exposure. On the contrary, no significant change in the oxidized glutathione (GSSG) content was observed following X-rays irradiation in any of the organs. Further, the low dose of X-rays resulted in a significant decrease in the lipid peroxidation (LPO) in liver, kidney and brain, whereas it caused an increase in LPO levels in blood. The enzyme activities of catalase (CAT) as well as glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were also increased in different organs after X-rays exposure. Furthermore, low dose irradiation with X-rays caused a significant increase in the counts of total leukocytes, lymphocytes and eosinophils, whereas it decreased the counts of neutrophils as well as monocytes. Hence, our results clearly indicate that low dose X-rays radiation exposure stimulates endogenous antioxidant defense machinery and also causes an increase in whole blood lymphocytes and eosinophils responsible for providing key defenses. CONCLUSION Low doses of X-rays exposure may afford radiation hormesis by providing protection to organs from oxidative injury and support immune reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India-160014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranjeet Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - D. K. Dhawan
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Sahoo S, Padhy SK, Padhee B, Singla N, Sarkar S. Role of personality in cardiovascular diseases: An issue that needs to be focused too! Indian Heart J 2018; 70 Suppl 3:S471-S477. [PMID: 30595309 PMCID: PMC6310178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides a broad overview of the relationship of personality with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). There has been a sustained interest over the last half a century on the issue of relationship between personality traits and CVDs. Type A behavior was the initial focus of inquiry as it was observed that individuals who were competitive, hostile, and excessively driven were overrepresented among patients seeking treatment for CVDs and also were prone to develop coronary artery disease/syndrome. However, the research gradually expanded to assess the relationship of cardiac morbidity with various other personality facets. Furthermore, studies found out that negative effects (including anger and hostility) were also associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Subsequently, a new personality entity named as the type D ‘distressed’ personality, which combined negative affectivity and social inhibition. type D personality then became the area of research and was demonstrated to be related with poorer cardiac outcomes. Interestingly, the results of various research studies are not equivocal, and hence, there are several critiques related to the current understanding of the link between personality construct and the risk of development as well as the outcome of CVDs. Furthermore, few personality traits such as optimism, conscientiousness, openness to experience, and curiosity have been found to be protective factors against development of CVDs and therefore are called ‘cardioprotective’ personality traits. A detailed discussion on the various aspects of personality in relation to CVDs along with a critical appraisal has been presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnajeet Sahoo
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar-751019, India.
| | - Susanta Kumar Padhy
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar-751019, India.
| | - Binayananda Padhee
- Department of Cardiology, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751025, India.
| | - Neha Singla
- National Health Mission, Kavaratti 682555, India.
| | - Siddharth Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
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Sahoo S, Padhy SK, Singla N, Singh A. Psychosis in a Child with Atypical Autism: A Case Report and a Brief Review of the Association of Psychosis and Autism. Innov Clin Neurosci 2018; 15:33-36. [PMID: 29707425 PMCID: PMC5906088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at an increased risk of developing psychosis. Diagnosing psychosis in such individuals can be challenging when they present with symptoms at a young age. A careful history and thorough assessment are essential for proper diagnosis to avoid mislabeling certain behavioral problems encountered among children with ASD. We present the case of a 12-year-old child with atypical autism who developed psychotic symptoms that led to a diagnostic dilemma. Proper exploration of early childhood history, prompt treatment with an antipsychotic medication, and social skill training led to resolution of psychotic symptoms and improvement in disruptive symptoms of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnajeet Sahoo
- Drs. Sahoo, Singla, and Singh are Senior Residents
- Dr. Padhy is Associate Professor in the Department of Psychiatry at the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research in Chandigarh, India
| | - Susanta Kumar Padhy
- Drs. Sahoo, Singla, and Singh are Senior Residents
- Dr. Padhy is Associate Professor in the Department of Psychiatry at the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research in Chandigarh, India
| | - Neha Singla
- Drs. Sahoo, Singla, and Singh are Senior Residents
- Dr. Padhy is Associate Professor in the Department of Psychiatry at the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research in Chandigarh, India
| | - Aakanksha Singh
- Drs. Sahoo, Singla, and Singh are Senior Residents
- Dr. Padhy is Associate Professor in the Department of Psychiatry at the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research in Chandigarh, India
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Sharma P, Singla N, Dhawan DK. Evidence of Zinc in Affording Protection Against X-Ray-Induced Brain Injury in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 179:247-258. [PMID: 28261760 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-0976-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present world, X-rays have been regarded as one of the most efficient tools in medicine, industry and research. On the contrary, extensive human exposure to these rays is responsible for causing detrimental effects on physiological system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of zinc (Zn), if any, in mitigating the adverse effects induced by fractionated X-irradiation on rat brain. Female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 170-200 g were divided into four different groups viz.: (a) normal control, (b) X-irradiated (21Gy), (c) zinc treated (227 mg/L in drinking water) and (d) X-irradiated + zinc treated. The skulls of animals belonging to groups (b) and (d) were exposed to X-rays in 30 fractions. Each fraction delivered a radiation dose of 70 rads, and rats were exposed to two fractions every day for 15 days, consecutively. X-ray treatment resulted in significant alterations in the neurobehavior, neurotransmitter levels and neuro-histoarchitecture of rats, whereas zinc co-treatment with X-rays resulted in significant improvement in these parameters. X-ray exposure also caused a significant increase in the levels of lipid peroxidation as well as activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase, which however were decreased upon simultaneous Zn treatment. On the contrary, X-ray treatment down-regulated the glutathione system, which were found to be up-regulated by zinc co-treatment. Further, protein expressions of p53 and NF-ҚB were found to be significantly elevated after X-irradiation, which were reversed following Zn supplementation. Hence, Zn seems to be an effective agent in mitigating the detrimental effects caused by exposure to X-rays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - D K Dhawan
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Sahoo S, Padhy SK, Singla N, Singh A. Effectiveness of clozapine for the treatment of psychosis and disruptive behaviour in a child with Atypical Autism: A case report and a brief review of the evidence. Asian J Psychiatr 2017; 29:194-195. [PMID: 28704788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Swapnajeet Sahoo
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Susanta Kumar Padhy
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Aakanksha Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.
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Skobieranda F, Singla N, Burt D, Soergel D. (223) APOLLO-1: randomized, placebo- and active-controlled phase 3 study investigating oliceridine (TRV130), a novel μ receptor G protein Pathway Selective (μ-GPS) modulator, for management of moderate to severe acute pain following bunionectomy. The Journal of Pain 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2017.02.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Koyyana S, Panda N, Bharti N, Singla N. Effect of perioperative hyperglycemia on neurological outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Journal of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1646231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Koyyana
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - N. Panda
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - N. Bharti
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - N. Singla
- Department of Neurosurgery, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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Mahajan S, Bhagat H, Grover V, Panda N, Mohanty M, Singla N. Comparison of pharmacological neuroprotection provided by propofol versus desflurane for long term postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients undergoing surgery for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Journal of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1646235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Mahajan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - H. Bhagat
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - V. Grover
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - N. Panda
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - M. Mohanty
- Department of Neurosurgery, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - N. Singla
- Department of Neurosurgery, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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Kaloria N, Bhagat H, Singla N, Luthra A. Venous air embolism during removal of bony spur in a child of split cord malformation: A case report. Journal of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1646224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N. Kaloria
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - H. Bhagat
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - N. Singla
- Neurosurgery, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - A. Luthra
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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Singla N, Walker J, Woldu SL, Passoni NM, de la Fuente K, Roehrborn CG. Formalin disinfection of prostate biopsy needles may reduce post-biopsy infectious complications. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2017; 20:216-220. [PMID: 28117384 DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2016.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to determine whether formalin disinfection of prostate biopsy needles between cores reduces post-biopsy urinary tract infections (UTIs). METHODS We reviewed a single-surgeon experience of transrectal prostate biopsies from 2010 to 2014. Biopsies were performed in either an operative suite, where 10% formalin was used to disinfect the needle tip between each biopsy core, or an outpatient clinic, where formalin was not used. Our primary outcome was post-biopsy UTI rates, defined as a positive urine culture within 30 days of biopsy. Infection severity was characterized by the need for admission. Patient demographics, prostate size, prior biopsies, prior UTIs, pre-biopsy antibiotics and cultures and post-biopsy cultures were analyzed. Logistic regression was used to assess predictors of post-biopsy UTIs. Statistical significance was defined as P<0.05. RESULTS A total of 756 patients were included for analysis, including 253 who received formalin disinfection and 503 who did not. Of these, 32 patients (4.2%) experienced post-biopsy UTIs, with 8 requiring admission (all without formalin use). Infection rates were more than double in the group that did not receive formalin (5.2% vs 2.3%, P=0.085). More patients in the formalin group had undergone prior biopsies (73.9% vs 31.8%, P<0.001). On multivariable analysis, prior UTI (odds ratio (OR) 3.77, P=0.006) was a significant predictor for post-biopsy infection, whereas formalin disinfection trended towards a protective effect (OR 0.41, P=0.055). CONCLUSION Infectious complications following prostate biopsy may be mitigated by the use of formalin disinfection of the biopsy needle between cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Singla
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - J Walker
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - S L Woldu
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - N M Passoni
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - K de la Fuente
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - C G Roehrborn
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To translate the Stages of Recovery Instrument (STORI) and evaluate its psychometric properties, demographic, and clinical correlates among patients with schizophrenia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The English version of the scale was translated into Hindi using the World Health Organization methodology. The Hindi version was completed by thirty patients with schizophrenia on two occasions, 4-7 days apart. Another thirty patients completed both Hindi and English version within a gap of 4-7 days. In addition, 100 patients completed the Hindi version of STORI once for studying the demographic and clinical correlates of recovery. RESULTS Hindi version of STORI demonstrated good internal consistency (α = 0.854) for the full scale and also for all the five stages of recovery (α = 0.745 to 0.756) as described in the scale. Split-half reliability of the scale was also good, as reflected by a high Spearman-Brown coefficient (0.781) and Guttmann's split-half coefficient (0.778). All the items of the scale showed high test-retest reliability and cross-language equivalence. Correlation between different stages and correlation between the allocated stage and different stages reflected good concurrent and construct validity of the subscales described as various stages of recovery. In general, demographic and clinical variables did not have any significant correlation with stages of recovery. However, those with lower level of general psychopathology scores showed significant correlation with higher stages of recovery. CONCLUSIONS Hindi version of STORI has good psychometric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Grover
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ajit Avasthi
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Rauck R, Oh D, Parikh N, Smith C, Koch C, Singla N, Yu J, Nalamachu S, Vetticaden S. 229 A Phase 1, Open-Label, Randomized, Single Ascending Dose Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Fentanyl Sublingual Spray and Fentanyl Citrate Intravenous in Adult Opioid Naive Subjects. Ann Emerg Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2016.08.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fang D, Seisen T, Yang K, Liu P, Fan X, Singla N, Xiong G, Zhang L, Li X, Zhou L. A systematic review and meta-analysis of oncological and renal function outcomes obtained after segmental ureterectomy versus radical nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2016; 42:1625-1635. [PMID: 27612412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the comparative studies reporting oncological and renal function outcomes of segmental ureterectomy (SU) versus radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search on Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane library was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines, and a meta-analysis was performed to assess cancer-specific survival (CSS), overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), intravesical recurrence free survival (IVRFS) and surgery-related variations in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). RESULTS A total of 11 retrospective studies with 3963 patients who underwent either SU (n = 983; 24.8%) or RNU (n = 2980; 75.2%) were included. Although patients treated with SU were more likely to be diagnosed with favorable pathological features, the meta-analysis of unadjusted data revealed no significant difference between both groups in terms of CSS (HR 0.90, p = 0.33) and OS (HR 0.98, p = 0.93). Accordingly, the meta-analysis of adjusted data confirmed equivalent CSS (HR = 0.90, p = 0.47) between SU and RNU. Similarly, no significant difference was found in terms of RFS (HR 1.06, p = 0.72) and IVRFS (HR 1.35, p = 0.39). However, a significant decreased risk of impaired renal function was observed after SU when compared to RNU (mean eGFR difference = 9.32 ml/1.73 m2, p = 0.007). CONCLUSION Although adverse patient and tumor characteristics were not equally balanced between treatment arms, our systematic review and meta-analysis supports similar oncological outcomes between SU and RNU, with better preservation of renal function after SU. As such, SU should be preferably used as the first-line treatment for low-risk ureter tumors, while considered for selected cases of high-risk disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, No. 8 Xishiku St, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - T Seisen
- Academic Department of Urology, Pitié Salpétrière Hospital, APHP, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris F-75013, France; UPMC University Paris 06, GRC5, ONCOTYPE-Uro, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie, Paris F-75005, France
| | - K Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, No. 8 Xishiku St, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - P Liu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, No. 8 Xishiku St, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - X Fan
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No.107 Yanjiang West Rd, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - N Singla
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - G Xiong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, No. 8 Xishiku St, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, No. 8 Xishiku St, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, No. 8 Xishiku St, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - L Zhou
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, No. 8 Xishiku St, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China
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Kaur A, Singla N, Dhawan DK. Low dose X-irradiation mitigates diazepam induced depression in rat brain. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 80:82-90. [PMID: 27316553 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Depression is considered as one of the most prevalent health ailments. Various anti-depressant drugs have been used to provide succour to this ailment, but with little success and rather have resulted in many side effects. On the other hand, low dose of ionizing radiations are reported to exhibit many beneficial effects on human body by stimulating various biological processes. The present study was conducted to investigate the beneficial effects of low doses of X-rays, if any, during diazepam induced depression in rats. Female Sprague Dawley rats were segregated into four different groups viz: Normal control, Diazepam treated, X-irradiated and Diazepam + X-irradiated. Depression model was created in rats by subjecting them to diazepam treatment at a dosage of 2 mg/kg b.wt./day for 3 weeks. The skulls of animals belonging to X-irradiated and Diazepam + X-irradiated rats were X-irradiated with a single fraction of 0.5 Gy, given twice a day for 3 days, thereby delivered dose of 3 Gy. Diazepam treated animals showed significant alterations in the neurobehavior and neuro-histoarchitecture, which were improved after X-irradiation. Further, diazepam exposure significantly decreased the levels of neurotransmitters and acetylcholinesterase activity, but increased the monoamine oxidase activity in brain. Interestingly, X-rays exposure to diazepam treated rats increased the levels of neurotransmitters, acetylcholinesterase activity and decreased the monoamine oxidase activity. Further, depressed rats also showed increased oxidative stress with altered antioxidant parameters, which were normalized on X-rays exposure. The present study, suggests that low dose of ionizing radiations, shall prove to be an effective intervention and a novel therapy in controlling depression and possibly other brain related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - D K Dhawan
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Minkowitz H, Singla N, Soergel D, Burt D, Skobieranda F. (435) Nausea and vomiting with oliceridine (TRV130), a novel μ receptor G protein Pathway Selective modulator (μ-GPS), vs morphine: an analysis of tolerability from a phase 2b randomized clinical trial. The Journal of Pain 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2016.01.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Singla N, Minkowitz H, Soergel D, Burt D, Skobieranda F. (432) Respiratory safety signal with oliceridine (TRV130), a novel μ receptor G protein pathway selective modulator (μ-GPS), vs morphine: a safety analysis of a Phase 2b randomized clinical trial. The Journal of Pain 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2016.01.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Literature on the association of methylphenidate and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) is sparse. This report discusses a case of a 14-year-old boy, who developed OCS (in the form of need for symmetry, obsessive doubts; compulsive symptoms included the need to order/arrange articles and repeated checking behavior), within 10 days of starting methylphenidate at the dose of 15 mg/day. Stoppage of methylphenidate led to amelioration of OCS over 2 weeks. The case description suggests that whenever a child on stimulants presents with new-onset OCS, association of OCS with stimulants must be suspected before considering an independent diagnosis of comorbid OCS/obsessive-compulsive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Jhanda
- Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sandeep Grover
- Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Grover S, Hazari N, Singla N, Chakrabarti S, Aneja J, Sharma S, Avasthi A. Recovery among patients with severe mental illness: Factor analysis of recovery assessment scale in Indian setting. Indian J Soc Psychiatry 2016. [DOI: 10.4103/0971-9962.181088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Datta P, Gupta V, Singla N, Chander J. Asymptomatic colonization with carbapenem resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in ICU patients and its associated risk factors: Study from North India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 33:612-3. [PMID: 26470985 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.167316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Datta
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College Hospital, Chandigarh, India
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Gautam V, Mewara A, Raj A, Gupta V, Singla N, Ray P. High prevalence of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-A. baumannii complex at two tertiary care centres in north India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 32:455-6. [PMID: 25297039 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.142231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - P Ray
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
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Singla N, Dhawan DK. Modulation of (14) C-labeled glucose metabolism by zinc during aluminium induced neurodegeneration. J Neurosci Res 2015; 93:1434-41. [PMID: 25908409 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) is one of the most prominent metals in the environment and is responsible for causing several neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. On the other hand, zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient that is involved in regulating brain development and function. The present study investigates the protective potential of Zn in the uptake of (14) C-labeled amino acids and glucose and their turnover in rat brain slices during Al intoxication. Male Sprague Dawley rats (140-160 g) were divided into four different groups: normal control, Al treated (100 mg/kg body weight/day via oral gavage), Zn treated (227 mg/liter in drinking water), and Al + Zn treated. Radiorespirometric assay revealed an increase in glucose turnover after Al exposure that was attenuated after Zn treatment. Furthermore, the uptake of (14) C-labeled glucose was increased after Al treatment but was appreciably decreased upon Zn supplementation. In addition, the uptakes of (14) C-lysine, (14) C-leucine, and (14) C-aspartic acid were also found to be elevated following Al exposure but were decreased after Zn treatment. Al treatment also caused alterations in the neurohistoarchitecture of the brain, which were improved after Zn coadministration. Therefore, the present study suggests that Zn provides protection against Al-induced neurotoxicity by regulating glucose and amino acid uptake in rats, indicating that Zn could be a potential candidate for the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - D K Dhawan
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Sinha S, Singh J, Jindal SK, Birbian N, Singla N. Role of TLR4 C>1196T (Thr399Ile) and TLR4 A>896G (Asp299Gly) polymorphisms in a North Indian population with asthma: a case-control study. Int J Immunogenet 2014; 41:463-71. [PMID: 25331070 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is the most important TLR among the pattern recognition receptors which recognizes lipopolysaccharide of gram-negative bacteria. They identify a highly conserved structure of microbes called pathogen-associated molecular patterns and activate immune and inflammatory responses that have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. The role of TLR4 gene polymorphisms in asthma was detected in a total of 964 individuals, including 483 healthy controls and 481 asthma patients from a North Indian population. The genotyping was carried out using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Statistical analysis revealed that the heterozygous genotype as well as the mutant (T) allele of the TLR4 C>1196T (Thr399Ile) polymorphism shows resistance towards asthma with OR = 0.70, 95% CI (0.49-0.99), P corrected value = 0.046 and OR = 0.72, 95% CI (0.52-0.98), P corrected value = 0.039, respectively. However, no association was found between the TLR4 A>896G (Asp299Gly) polymorphism and asthma patients (P > 0.05). This is the first study conducted in India conferring TLR4 (Thr399Ile) polymorphism resistance towards asthma, while lack of association was found between TLR4 (Asp299Gly) polymorphism and asthma in the studied North Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sinha
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Abstract
Dysregulation of metal homeostasis has been perceived as one of the key factors in the progression of neurodegeneration. Aluminium (Al) has been considered as a major risk factor, which is linked to several neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease, whereas zinc (Zn) has been reported as a vital dietary element, which regulates a number of physiological processes in central nervous system. The present study was conducted to explore the protective potential of zinc, if any, in ameliorating neurotoxicity induced by aluminium. Male Sprague Dawley rats received either aluminium chloride (AlCl3) orally (100 mg kg(-1) b.wt. per day), zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) at a dose level of 227 mg L(-1) in drinking water or combined treatment of aluminium and zinc for 8 weeks. Aluminium treatment significantly elevated the levels of lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species as well as the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase, which however were decreased following Zn co-treatment of Al-treated rats. In contrast, Al treatment decreased the activities of glutathione-S-transferase as well as the levels of reduced glutathione, oxidised glutathione and total glutathione, but co-administration of Zn to Al-treated animals increased these levels. Furthermore, Al treatment caused a significant increase in the levels of Fe and Mn as well as of Al but decreased the Zn and metallothionein levels. In the Zn-supplemented animals, the levels of Al, Fe, Mn were found to be significantly decreased, whereas the levels of metallothionein as well as Zn were increased. Moreover, histopathological alterations such as vacuolization and loss of Purkinje cells were also evident following Al treatment, which showed improvement upon Zn supplementation. Therefore, zinc has the potential to alleviate aluminium-induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Sector-14, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Sinha S, Singh J, Jindal SK, Birbian N, Singla N. Association of 24 bp duplication of human CHIT1 gene with asthma in a heterozygous population of north India: a case-control study. Lung 2014; 192:685-91. [PMID: 24928104 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-014-9605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE CHIT1 is expressed by pulmonary macrophages, which is typically the site of entry for many environmental fungi that may increase the risk of pulmonary fungal infection and lead to hypersensitivity. The conserved expression of this gene in humans suggests its physiological importance in the mammalian lung. METHODS The present study was conducted with a total of 964 subjects, including 483 healthy controls and 481 asthma patients. DNA samples were extracted from blood, and the genotyping was done using polymerase chain reaction method. RESULTS Statistical analysis revealed that the 24 bp duplication in CHIT1 gene polymorphism shows highly significant association in heterozygous (wild/dup) genotype with OR 1.74, 95 % CI (1.29-2.36), and p = 0.000. However, the homozygous mutant genotype (dup/dup) was found to be non-significant with OR 1.06, 95% CI (0.69-1.63), and p = 0.786. The combination of both wild/dup and dup/dup was also found to be highly significant with OR 1.57, 95% CI (1.18-2.11), and p = 0.002. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study conducted in India which reports a significant association between 24 bp duplication in CHIT1 gene polymorphism and asthma in the studied North Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Sinha
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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