1
|
Gilbert EJ, Gubner N, Vick K, Almquist L, Walker SC. A Novel Approach to Geographically Mapping Effective Family-Based Services: Feasibility and Quality Comparison with 2-1-1. Prog Community Health Partnersh 2023; 17:339-345. [PMID: 37462562 DOI: 10.1353/cpr.2023.a900214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community social services are often fragmented and difficult to navigate. This presents a barrier to programs, such as health navigation, that focus on connecting individuals to available services. Existing service mapping efforts, such as those generated by 2-1-1, are helpful but limited in the specificity they provide, particularly with regard to whether services are based on evidence-informed principles. This may lead to a distrust of service quality or poor referral match. METHODS We developed a novel service mapping protocol to identify local, evidence-informed, family-based services, and compared results to 2-1-1's resource list. RESULTS Our mapping protocol identified more evidence-informed services than 2-1-1 and collected greater detail related to accessibility. CONCLUSIONS Recommendations for integrating this approach into routine community mapping efforts (e.g., 2-1-1) or as a stand-alone approach are discussed.
Collapse
|
2
|
Walker SC, White J, Rodriguez V, Turk E, Gubner N, Ngo S, Bekemeier B. Cocreating evidence-informed health equity policy with community. Health Serv Res 2022; 57 Suppl 1:137-148. [PMID: 35239188 PMCID: PMC9108222 DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the feasibility of a rapid, community‐engaged strategy to prioritize health equity policy options as informed by research evidence, community‐voiced needs, and public health priorities. Data Sources Data came from residents in a midsized, demographically, and geographically diverse county over a period of 8 months in 2020 and an evidence review of the health equity policy literature during the same time period. Study Design A descriptive case study is used to explore the feasibility and potential value of a community codesigned approach to establish community priorities for health equity policy. Data Collection/Extraction Methods Evidence synthesis of health equity policy was conducted parallel to 15 community listening sessions across the county to elicit information on health needs. We used scoping review methods to obtain literature from academic databases and scholarly public health and policy organizations. This information was cross walked with themes from the listening sessions to identify 10 priority policy areas, which were taken back to the community for 15 participatory discussion and ranking sessions. Principal Findings The process appeared to authentically engage the input of 200 community members representative of minoritized groups while identifying 99 evidence‐informed policy levers to promote health equity. Discussion and ranking activities were successful in facilitating community discussion and policy decision making. Remote platforms may have limited the engagement of some residents while promoting the participation of others. Conducting information integration within the research team prior to community policy ranking sessions limited the community ownership over how policies were interpreted and communicated. Conclusions A combination of information integration and community ranking activities can be used to achieve community‐engaged policy prioritization of options in a fairly rapid period of time. While this process provides an example of authentic community ownership of policy prioritization, the compressed timeline limited the community's engagement in the information integration phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cusworth Walker
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Johnna White
- Tacoma-Pierce County Health Department, Tacoma, Washington, USA
| | | | - Emily Turk
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington Seattle Campus, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Noah Gubner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington Seattle Campus, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sally Ngo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Betty Bekemeier
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Walker SC, Gubner N, Iztguttinov A, Rodriguez F, Davis P, Lyon A, Kerns S, Bruns E, Qian J, Sedlar G. The implementation potential of a method to monitor empirically-supported children's mental health treatment through claims data. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:1349. [PMID: 34922540 PMCID: PMC8684062 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-07317-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The delivery of evidence-supported treatments (EST) in children’s mental health could be a valuable measure for monitoring mental healthcare quality; however, efforts to monitor the use of EST in real world systems are hindered by the lack of pragmatic methods. This mixed methods study examined the implementation and agency response rate of a pragmatic, claims-based measure of EST designed to be applied as a universal quality measure for child psychotherapy encounters in a state Medicaid system. Methods Implementation potential of the EST measure was assessed with healthcare leader rankings of the reporting method’s acceptability, appropriateness and feasibility (n = 53), and post-implementation ratings of EST rate accuracy. Ability of the healthcare system to monitor EST through claims was measured by examining the agency responsivity in using the claims-based measure across 98 Medicaid-contracted community mental health (CMH) agencies in Washington State. Results The analysis found the reporting method had high implementation potential. The method was able to measure the use of an EST for 83% of children covered by Medicaid with 58% CMH agencies reporting > 0 ESTs in one quarter. Qualitative analyses revealed that the most significant barrier to reporting ESTs was the operability of electronic health record systems and agencies’ mixed views regarding the accuracy and benefits of reporting. Conclusions Measurement of child mental health ESTs through Medicaid claims reporting has acceptable implementation potential and promising real world responsiveness from CMH agencies in one state. Variation in reporting by agency site and low to moderate perceived value by agency leaders suggests the need for additional implementation supports for wider uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cusworth Walker
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Noah Gubner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Aniyar Iztguttinov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Felix Rodriguez
- Washington State Health Care Authority, P.O. Box 45330, Olympia, WA, 98504-5330, USA
| | - Paul Davis
- Washington State Health Care Authority, P.O. Box 45330, Olympia, WA, 98504-5330, USA
| | - Aaron Lyon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, 2012 Skagit Lane, Miller Sall, Box 353600, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Suzanne Kerns
- School of Social Work, University of Denver, Craig Hall, 2148 South High, St. Denver, CO, 80210, USA
| | - Eric Bruns
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, 6200 NE 74th Street, Building 29, Suite 110, Seattle, WA, 98115, USA
| | - Jiage Qian
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Georganna Sedlar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guydish JR, Straus ER, Le T, Gubner N, Delucchi KL. Menthol cigarette use in substance use disorder treatment before and after implementation of a county-wide flavoured tobacco ban. Tob Control 2021; 30:616-622. [PMID: 33177211 PMCID: PMC8110613 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2020-056000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examined the impact of a San Francisco City and County ban on all flavoured tobacco products, including menthol cigarettes, among clients in residential substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. METHODS We conducted cross-sectional surveys of clients at two residential SUD programmes before the County began enforcing the ban (n=160) and twice after enforcement began (n=102, n=120). The samples were compared on demographic characteristics, smoking status, smoking behaviours and the proportion reporting menthol as their usual cigarette. Menthol smokers were asked whether they smoked only menthol cigarettes, mostly menthol, both menthol and non-menthol or mostly non-menthol. Post-ban samples were asked about awareness of the ban and access to menthol cigarettes. RESULTS In multivariate analyses, we found no evidence that the ban was associated with decreased number of cigarettes per day or increased readiness to quit among current smokers. However, odds were lower post-ban for reporting menthol as the usual cigarette (OR=0.80, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.90), and for smoking only menthol cigarettes (OR=0.19, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.19). Perhaps most importantly, and with the ability to influence all other findings, 50% of self-identified menthol smokers reported purchasing menthol cigarettes in San Francisco nearly 1 year after the ban was implemented. CONCLUSION In subgroups where smoking has remained elevated, like those receiving SUD treatment, local menthol bans may have only modest impacts on smoking behaviour. Broader regional, state or national bans, that effectively restrict access to menthol products, may be needed to show stronger effects on smoking behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Guydish
- Phillip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Elana R Straus
- Phillip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thao Le
- Phillip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Noah Gubner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kevin L Delucchi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yip D, Gubner N, Le T, Williams D, Delucchi K, Guydish J. Association of Medicaid Expansion and Health Insurance with Receipt of Smoking Cessation Services and Smoking Behaviors in Substance Use Disorder Treatment. J Behav Health Serv Res 2019; 47:264-274. [PMID: 31359228 DOI: 10.1007/s11414-019-09669-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examined whether living in a Medicaid-expanded state or having health insurance was associated with receipt of smoking cessation services or smoking behaviors among substance use disorder (SUD) treatment clients. In 2015 and 2016, 1702 SUD clients in 14 states were surveyed for health insurance status, smoking cessation services received in their treatment program, and smoking behaviors. Services and behaviors were then compared by state Medicaid expansion and health insurance status independently. Clients in Medicaid-expanded states were more likely to be insured (89.9% vs. 54.4%, p < 0.001) and to have quit smoking during treatment (AOR = 3.77, 95% CI = 2.47, 5.76). Insured clients had higher odds of being screened for smoking status in their treatment program and making quit attempts in the past year. Medicaid expansion supports greater health insurance coverage of individuals in SUD treatment and may enhance smoking cessation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Yip
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, 3333 California St., Ste. 265, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA.
| | - Noah Gubner
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, 3333 California St., Ste. 265, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| | - Thao Le
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, 3333 California St., Ste. 265, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| | - Denise Williams
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, 3333 California St., Ste. 265, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| | - Kevin Delucchi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Ave., San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Joseph Guydish
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, 3333 California St., Ste. 265, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Campbell B, Yip D, Le T, Gubner N, Guydish J. Relationship between Tobacco Use and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among Clients in Substance Use Disorders Treatment. J Psychoactive Drugs 2018; 51:48-57. [PMID: 30570409 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2018.1555651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We examined relationships of smoking status and tobacco-related variables with health-related quality of life (HRQoL), a metric of disease burden, among clients in substance use disorders (SUDs) treatment. Participants (N = 2,068; 46.6% female) completed surveys reporting demographics, smoking status, and past-month days they experienced physical and/or mental health distress. Smokers (n = 1,596; 77.2% of sample) answered questions on tobacco-related variables. Multinomial regression models assessed relationships between tobacco-related variables (smoking status, nicotine dependence, menthol smoking, electronic-cigarette use, health concerns, and cost as reasons affecting reducing/quitting smoking, past and future quit attempts) with HRQol in four categories (good health, physical health distress, mental health distress, or both physical and mental health distress). Current smokers were more likely than former smokers to report frequent physical and mental health distress than good health (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.16, 3.34), as were smokers with higher nicotine dependence (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.03, 1.35). Smokers reporting both frequent physical and mental health distress were more sensitive to cigarettes' cost (OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.06, 2.29), and less likely to use e-cigarettes (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.38, 0.94). Findings of poor HRQoL among nicotine-dependent smokers with additional SUDs strengthen the imperative to provide smoking cessation interventions in addictions treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Campbell
- a Division of Health Services Research , Oregon Health & Science University/Portland State University School of Public Health , Portland , OR , USA
| | - Deborah Yip
- b Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies , University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Thao Le
- b Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies , University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Noah Gubner
- b Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies , University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Joseph Guydish
- c Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies , University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pagano A, Gubner N, Le T, Guydish J. Cigarette smoking and quit attempts among Latinos in substance use disorder treatment. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018; 44:660-667. [PMID: 29333890 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2017.1417417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences in tobacco use behaviors have been identified between Latinos and non-Latino whites in the general US population. Little is known about cigarette smoking and quitting behaviors of Latinos in treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs), who represent two major tobacco-vulnerable groups. OBJECTIVES To compare, in a national sample of persons enrolled in SUD treatment, demographic, drug use, and smoking and quitting prevalence and behaviors between Latinos and non-Latino whites. METHODS We surveyed 777 SUD treatment clients, sampled from 24 clinics selected at random from the National Institute on Drug Abuse Clinical Trials Network (Latino client n = 141; 40% female). We then conducted univariate and multivariate analyses to identify correlates of smoking behaviors by Latino/non-Latino white ethnicity. RESULTS Latinos' smoking prevalence resembled that of non-Latino whites (78.7% vs. 77.4%). In regression analyses, Latino smokers (n = 111) tended to smoke fewer cigarettes per day (CPD) than non-Latino white smokers (n = 492); were more often nondaily smokers and menthol smokers; more often reported a smoking quit attempt in the last year; and tended to report higher numbers of past-year quit attempts. Among Latino smokers, those with less education and those reporting opioids as their primary drug of use reported higher CPD. CONCLUSIONS Latinos in SUD treatment are at equally high risk of being current heavy smokers as compared to non-Latino whites in SUD treatment. At the same time, Latinos in SUD treatment exhibit ethnic-specific smoking and quitting behaviors that should be considered when designing smoking interventions for this group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pagano
- a Prevention Research Center , Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation , Oakland , CA , USA
| | - Noah Gubner
- b Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Thao Le
- b Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Joseph Guydish
- b Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pagano A, Gubner N, Tajima B, Yip D, Henderson C, Guydish J. Addiction Treatment Clients' Reactions to Graphic Warning Labels on Cigarette Packs. J Drug Issues 2017; 47:433-447. [PMID: 29176913 DOI: 10.1177/0022042617699196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Graphic warning labels (GWLs) on cigarette packs have been tested among diverse groups at high risk for tobacco use. However, little is known about the effectiveness of GWL interventions for persons with substance use disorders, whose smoking prevalence is 3 to 4 times that of the general population. After an experimental study which exposed clients in residential addiction treatment to GWLs for 30 days, we conducted five focus groups with trial participants (N = 33) to explore how exposure to the labels may have impacted their readiness to quit smoking. Focus group interviews were analyzed thematically. Interviewees reported that GWLs were more effective than text-based warnings for increasing quit intentions due to greater cognitive and emotional impact. Male and female interviewees expressed gender-specific reactions to the labels. Addiction treatment programs are a strategic site for GWL and other tobacco interventions due to the tobacco-vulnerable populations they serve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pagano
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Noah Gubner
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Barbara Tajima
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Deborah Yip
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Catherine Henderson
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Joseph Guydish
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shabani S, Foster R, Gubner N, Phillips TJ, Mark GP. Muscarinic type 2 receptors in the lateral dorsal tegmental area modulate cocaine and food seeking behavior in rats. Neuroscience 2010; 170:559-69. [PMID: 20667466 PMCID: PMC2936824 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Revised: 06/25/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The cholinergic input from the lateral dorsal tegmental area (LDTg) modulates the dopamine cells of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and plays an important role in cocaine taking. Specific pharmacological agents that block or stimulate muscarinic receptors in the LDTg change acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the VTA. Furthermore, manipulations of cholinergic input in the VTA can change cocaine taking. In the current study, the ACh output from the LDTg was attenuated by treatment with the selective muscarinic type 2 (M2) autoreceptor agonist oxotremorine.sesquifumarate (OxoSQ). We hypothesized that OxoSQ would reduce the motivation of rats to self-administer both natural and drug rewards. Animals were tested on progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement for food pellets and cocaine. On test days, animals on food and on cocaine schedules were bilaterally microinjected prior to the test. Rats received either LDTg OxoSQ infusions or LDTg artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) infusions in a within-subjects design. In addition, infusions were delivered into a dorsal brain area above the LDTg as an anatomical control region. OxoSQ microinjection in the LDTg, compared to aCSF, significantly reduced both the number of self-administered pellets and cocaine infusions during the initial half of the session; this reduction was dose-dependent. OxoSQ microinjections into the area just dorsal to the LDTg had no significant effect on self-administration of food pellets or cocaine. Animals were also tested in locomotor activity chambers for motor effects following the above microinjections. Locomotor activity was mildly increased by OxoSQ microinjection into the LDTg during the initial half of the session. Overall, these data suggest that LDTg cholinergic neurons play an important role in modifying the reinforcing value of natural and drug rewards. These effects cannot be attributed to significant alterations of locomotor behavior and are likely accomplished through LDTg muscarinic autoreceptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Shabani
- Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road L470, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A. 97239-3098, Phone: 503 220 8262 x 56673, Fax: 503 721 1029
| | - R Foster
- Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road L470, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A. 97239-3098
| | - N Gubner
- Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road L470, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A. 97239-3098
| | - TJ Phillips
- Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road L470, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A. 97239-3098
- VA Medical Center, Portland VA Medical Center (VAMC), R&D 32, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd., Portland, OR 97239
| | - GP Mark
- Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road L470, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A. 97239-3098, Phone: 503 494 2680
| |
Collapse
|