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Sikder MM, Uyama T, Sasaki S, Kawai K, Araki N, Ueda N. PLAAT1 expression triggers fragmentation of mitochondria in an enzyme activity-dependent manner. J Biochem 2023; 175:101-113. [PMID: 37818970 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvad079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The phospholipase A and acyltransferase (PLAAT) family is a protein family consisting of five members (PLAAT1-5), which acts as phospholipid-metabolizing enzymes with phospholipase A1/A2 and N-acyltransferase activities. Since we previously reported that the overexpression of PLAAT3 in mammalian cells causes the specific disappearance of peroxisomes, in the present study we examined a possible effect of PLAAT1 on organelles. We prepared HEK293 cells expressing mouse PLAAT1 in a doxycycline-dependent manner and found that the overexpression of PLAAT1 resulted in the transformation of mitochondria from the original long rod shape to a round shape, as well as their fragmentation. In contrast, the overexpression of a catalytically inactive point mutant of PLAAT1 did not generate any morphological change in mitochondria, suggesting the involvement of catalytic activity. PLAAT1 expression also caused the reduction of peroxisomes, while the levels of the marker proteins for ER, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes were almost unchanged. In PLAAT1-expressing cells, the level of dynamin-related protein 1 responsible for mitochondrial fission was increased, whereas those of optic atrophy 1 and mitofusin 2, both of which are responsible for mitochondrial fusion, were reduced. These results suggest a novel role of PLAAT1 in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mamun Sikder
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Toru Uyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Sumire Sasaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Kawai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Natsuo Ueda
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
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Saito T, Shikama N, Takahashi T, Nakamura N, Aoyama H, Nakajima K, Koizumi M, Sekii S, Ebara T, Kiyohara H, Higuchi K, Yorozu A, Nishimura T, Ejima Y, Harada H, Araki N, Miwa M, Yamada K, Kawamoto T, Onishi H, Imano N. Quality of Palliative Radiation Therapy Assessed Using Quality Indicators: A Multicenter Survey. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e111. [PMID: 37784649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Clinical practice is not always performed in accordance with guideline recommendations. Quality indicators (QIs) are valuable tools for evaluating the quality of healthcare systems. We sought to identify potential gaps between clinical practice and evidence using QIs previously developed using a modified Delphi method. MATERIALS/METHODS We used seven QIs (Table 1) to assess the quality of radiation therapy for bone (BoM) and brain metastases (BrM) at 29 centers; 13 (45%) were academic (12 university hospitals and 1 cancer center) and 16 (55%) were nonacademic hospitals. Compliance rate was calculated as the percentage of patients for whom recommended medical care was conducted. Random effects models were used to estimate pooled compliance rates. Mixed effects models with a Q test were used to compare compliance rates between academic and nonacademic centers. RESULTS The estimates of the compliance rates with 95% confidence intervals are presented in Table 1. For BoM-1, the compliance rate was higher in academic hospitals (100% [100-100%]) than in non-academic hospitals (96% [89-100%]) (P = 0.021). For BrM-3, the compliance rate was lower in academic hospitals (92% [81-99%]) than in nonacademic hospitals (100% [98-100%]) (P = 0.016). CONCLUSION A quality assessment based on these seven QIs is feasible. Overall, compliance rates were high; however, for BoM-3, the practice remains to be improved in some centers. Based on BoM-4 compliance rates, steroids are infrequently used concurrently with radiation therapy for malignant spinal cord compression. Extended fractionation for BoM was less frequently performed in academic than in nonacademic centers. The initiation of radiation therapy for brain metastases was more frequently delayed in academic than in nonacademic centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Saito
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arao Municipal Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - N Shikama
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Takahashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - N Nakamura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - H Aoyama
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Nakajima
- Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - M Koizumi
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Sekii
- Kita-Harima Medical Center, Hyogo, Japan
| | - T Ebara
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Kiyohara
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Maebashi Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - K Higuchi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - A Yorozu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Hospital Organization, Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Nishimura
- Department of Radiology, Fukuchiyama City Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Ejima
- Department of Radiology, Dokkyo Medical University, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - H Harada
- Radiation and Proton Therapy Center, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - N Araki
- Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Miwa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - K Yamada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - T Kawamoto
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Onishi
- University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - N Imano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Sano K, Asahina M, Araki N, Uehara T, Iwaya M, Okuyama R. Type 1 interferon signature and cytotoxic T lymphocyte activation targeted against sweat ducts in inflammatory acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:2124-2132. [PMID: 37338336 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis (AIGA) leads to heat intolerance due to the loss or reduction in thermoregulatory sweating over an extensive area of the body. The pathomechanism of AIGA is still unclear but is believed to be autoimmune. OBJECTIVES We investigated the clinical and pathological features of inflammatory AIGA (InfAIGA) and noninflammatory AIGA (non-InfAIGA) within the skin. METHODS We compared anhidrotic and normohidrotic skin samples from 30 patients with InfAIGA and non-InfAIGA, as well as skin samples of melanocytic nevus as a negative control. We conducted morphometric analysis and immunohistochemical analysis of cell types and expression of inflammatory molecules (TIA1, CXCR3 and MxA). MxA expression was used as a proxy for type 1 interferon activity. RESULTS We found that tissue samples from patients with InfAIGA exhibited inflammation within the sweat duct and atrophy of the sweat coil, whereas patients with non-InfAIGA exhibited only atrophy of the sweat coil. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration and MxA expression were only observed in the sweat ducts of patients with InfAIGA. CONCLUSIONS InfAIGA is associated with increased sweat duct inflammation and sweat coil atrophy, whereas non-InfAIGA is only associated with sweat coil atrophy. These data suggest that inflammation leads to epithelial destruction of sweat ducts associated with the sweat coil atrophy and subsequent loss of function. Non-InfAIGA may be regarded as a postinflammatory state of InfAIGA. These observations indicate the contribution of both type 1 and type 2 interferons to sweat gland injury. The mechanism involved is similar to the pathomechanism of alopecia areata (AA).
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sano
- Department of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Iida Municipal Hospital, Shinshu University Hospital, Iida, Matsumoto, Japan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - M Asahina
- Department of Neuromedicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Kawakitagun, Japan
| | - N Araki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Uehara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - M Iwaya
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - R Okuyama
- Department of Dermatology, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
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Kokubo M, Kishi N, Matsuo Y, Ogura M, Araki N, Fujii K, Okumura S, Nakamatsu K, Kishi T, Atsuta T, Sakamoto T, Otsu S, Katagiri T, Narabayashi M, Fujishiro S, Iizuka Y, Ozasa H, Hirai T, Mizowaki T. Major Cardiovascular Events after Chemoradiotherapy with or without Durvalumab in Patients with Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Supplementary Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e30-e31. [PMID: 37785096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) RTOG 0617 showed that cardiac events are relatively common after high-dose thoracic radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk of major cardiovascular events (MACE) after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with or without durvalumab in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using the data from a multi-institutional study in Japan. MATERIALS/METHODS Patients who received CCRT for stage III NSCLC between July 2018 and July 2019 were enrolled in a multi-institutional study in Japan. MACE was defined as follows: symptomatic pericardial effusion, acute coronary syndrome, pericarditis, significant arrhythmia, and heart failure. The cumulative incidence of MACE, accounting for death as a competing risk, was calculated. Pre-existing coronary heart disease (CHD) included coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, and extensive coronary artery calcification. The association between patient/treatment-related factors and MACE was assessed by multivariate analysis. RESULTS Among 178 patients with a median follow-up period of 42.5 months, 13 patients developed MACEs. The 3-year cumulative incidence of MACE was 6.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.0-11.9%). Univariate analysis showed that female sex and mean heart dose (MHD) were marginally associated (3-year cumulative incidence, male 5.6% vs. female 12.1%; P = 0.12; MHD ≥ 6.3 Gy 4.8% vs. < 6.3 Gy 9.1%; P = 0.13), and pre-existing CHD was significantly associated with an increased risk of MACE (no CHD 4.3% vs. CHD 16.8%; P = 0.026). Consolidation durvalumab was not associated with an increased risk of MACE (no durvalumab 5.2% vs. durvalumab 7.4%; P = 0.89). Multivariate analysis showed that pre-existing CHD was significantly associated with MACE (hazard ratio, 4.22; 95% CI, 1.30-13.7; P = 0.016). CONCLUSION The incidence of MACE based on the real-world data in Japan was lower than previously reported. Pre-existing CHD was associated with an increased risk of MACE after CCRT in patients with stage III NSCLC, whereas the administration of consolidation durvalumab was not associated with an increased risk of MACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kokubo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - N Kishi
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Matsuo
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ogura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kishiwada City Hospital, Kishiwada, Japan
| | - N Araki
- Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Fujii
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - S Okumura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - K Nakamatsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - T Kishi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Atsuta
- Department of Radiology, Kitano Hospital, Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sakamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyoto Katsura Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Otsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Katagiri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Japan
| | - M Narabayashi
- Department of Radiology, Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - S Fujishiro
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shinko Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Y Iizuka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shizuoka City Shizuoka Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - H Ozasa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Mizowaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Kishi N, Matsuo Y, Ogura M, Kokubo M, Araki N, Fujii K, Okumura S, Nakamatsu K, Kishi T, Atsuta T, Sakamoto T, Otsu S, Katagiri T, Narabayashi M, Fujishiro S, Iizuka Y, Ozasa H, Hirai T, Mizowaki T. Real-World Study of Overall Survival in Patients with Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Chemoradiotherapy with or without Durvalumab and an Exploratory Analysis of Effective Radiation Dose to the Immune Cells. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e29-e30. [PMID: 37785070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) To investigate the real-world data on overall survival (OS) in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with or without consolidation durvalumab, and to perform an exploratory analysis on effective radiation dose to the immune cells (EDIC). MATERIALS/METHODS In our multi-institutional retrospective study, patients who received CCRT between July 2018 and July 2019 for stage III NSCLC in Japan were investigated. EDIC was estimated using mean lung dose, mean heart dose, body volume, body mean dose, and body weight, as reported in the secondary analysis of RTOG 0617. The cut-off value of EDIC was calculated using the maximally selected log-rank statistics. RESULTS One hundred and seventy-eight patients were eligible for the analysis (136 patients, CCRT with consolidation durvalumab [CCRT+D] cohort; 42 patients, CCRT cohort). The median follow-up period was 42.5 months. Three-year OS rates were 59.8% in the overall cohort: 60.5% in the CCRT+D cohort, and 58.0% in the CCRT cohort with no significant difference (hazard ratio [HR], 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45-1.27; P = 0.29). Univariate analysis showed that ECOG-PS, smoking history, histology, EGFR mutational status, gross tumor volume and EDIC were significantly associated with OS. Multivariate analysis showed that ECOG-PS 2, gross tumor volume ≥ 57 cm3 and EDIC ≥ 4.4 Gy were associated with poor OS. Among 21 EGFR-mutated patients, 3 year-OS rates were 64.7% in the CCRT+D cohort and 100% in the CCRT cohort, while 3 year-OS rates were 68.8% and 58.7% among 90 EGFR wild-type patients. Three-year OS rates were 64.6% and 47.6% for EDIC < 4.4 Gy and EDIC ≥ 4.4 Gy in the overall cohort (HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.14-2.90; P = 0.015). In the subgroup analysis, 66.3% vs. 44.4% in the CCRT+D cohort (HR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.17-3.47; P = 0.016), and 59.0% vs. 56.1% in the CCRT cohort (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.48-3.01; P = 0.70), respectively. CONCLUSION Our real-world data in Japan showed that there was no significant difference in OS between the CCRT+D cohort and the CCRT cohort. High EDIC could be a risk for poor OS in patients treated with CCRT and consolidation durvalumab compared with those treated with CCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kishi
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Matsuo
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ogura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kishiwada City Hospital, Kishiwada, Japan
| | - M Kokubo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - N Araki
- Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Fujii
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - S Okumura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - K Nakamatsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - T Kishi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Atsuta
- Department of Radiology, Kitano Hospital, Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sakamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyoto Katsura Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Otsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Katagiri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Japan
| | - M Narabayashi
- Department of Radiology, Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - S Fujishiro
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shinko Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Y Iizuka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shizuoka City Shizuoka Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - H Ozasa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Mizowaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Kawamoto T, Saito T, Kosugi T, Nakamura N, Wada H, Tonari A, Ogawa H, Mitsuhashi N, Yamada K, Takahashi T, Ito K, Sekii S, Araki N, Nozaki M, Heianna J, Murotani K, Hirano Y, Satoh A, Onoe T, Shikama N. Temporal Profiles of Symptom Scores After Palliative Radiotherapy for Bleeding Gastric Cancer With Adjustment for the Palliative Prognostic Index: An Exploratory Analysis of a Multicentre Prospective Observational Study (JROSG 17-3). Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2022; 34:e505-e514. [PMID: 35654667 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Although palliative radiotherapy for gastric cancer may improve some symptoms, it may also have a negative impact due to its toxicity. We investigated whether symptoms improved after radiotherapy with adjustment for the Palliative Prognostic Index (PPI) considering that patients with limited survival tend to experience deterioration of symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was an exploratory analysis of the Japanese Radiation Oncology Study Group study (JROSG 17-3). We assessed six symptom scores (nausea, anorexia, fatigue, shortness of breath, pain at the irradiated area and distress) at registration and 2, 4 and 8 weeks thereafter. We tested whether symptoms linearly improved after adjusting for the baseline PPI. Shared parameter models were used to adjust for potential bias in missing data. RESULTS The present study analysed all 55 patients enrolled in JROSG 17-3. With time from registration as the only explanatory variable in the model, a significant linear decrease was observed in shortness of breath, pain and distress (slopes, -0.26, -0.22 and -0.19, respectively). Given that the interaction terms (i.e. PPI × time) were not significantly associated with symptom scores in any of the six symptoms, only PPI was included as the main effect in the final multivariable models. After adjusting for the PPI, shortness of breath, pain and distress significantly improved (slope, -0.25, -0.19 and -0.17; P < 0.001, 0.002 and 0.047, respectively). An improvement in fatigue and distress was observed only in patients treated with a biologically effective dose ≤14.4 Gy. CONCLUSION Shortness of breath, pain and distress improved after radiotherapy. Moreover, a higher PPI was significantly associated with higher symptom scores at all time points, including baseline. In contrast, PPI did not seem to influence the improvement of these symptoms. Regardless of the expected survival, patients receiving radiotherapy for gastric cancer can expect an improvement in shortness of breath, pain and distress over 8 weeks. Multiple-fraction radiotherapy might hamper the improvement in fatigue and distress by its toxicity or treatment burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kawamoto
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - T Saito
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Arao Municipal Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - T Kosugi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - N Nakamura
- Department of Radiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - H Wada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Southern Tohoku Proton Therapy Center, Fukushima, Japan
| | - A Tonari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Ogawa
- Division of Radiation Therapy, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - N Mitsuhashi
- Radiation Therapy Center, Hitachi Ltd, Hitachinaka General Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Yamada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - T Takahashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Ito
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Sekii
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kita-Harima Medical Center, Hyogo, Japan
| | - N Araki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Nozaki
- Department of Radiology, Saitama Medical Center, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - J Heianna
- Department of Radiology, Nanbu Tokushukai Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - K Murotani
- Biostatistics Center, Kurume University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Y Hirano
- Department of Radiology, Saitama Medical Center, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - A Satoh
- Department of Surgery, Southern Tohoku General Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - T Onoe
- Division of Radiation Therapy, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - N Shikama
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Kawamoto T, Saito T, Kosugi T, Nakamura N, Wada H, Tonari A, Ogawa H, Mitsuhashi N, Yamada K, Takahashi T, Ito K, Sekii S, Araki N, Nozaki M, Heianna J, Murotani K, Hirano Y, Satoh A, Onoe T, Shikama N. Temporal Profiles of Symptom Scores after Palliative Radiotherapy for Bleeding Gastric Cancer with the Adjustment for the Palliative Prognostic Index: An Exploratory Analysis of a Multicenter Prospective Observational Study (JROSG 17-3). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Segawa H, Araki N, Miki A, Ide Y, Yamasaki T, Mori Y, Kawasaki H, Maeda Y, Monden T. [Creation of a Stereo-paired Bone Anatomical Chart Using Human Bone Specimens for X-ray Anatomical Education Part III: Addition of Anaglyph Three-dimensional Images for Those Who Hardly See Stereo-paired Photographs with the Naked Eye]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2022; 78:599-607. [PMID: 35569959 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2022-1184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We published a report entitled "Creation of a stereo-paired bone anatomical chart using human bone specimen for radiation education" in this journal in order to accurately understand the surface structure and three-dimensional structure of bones, and assist in bone image interpretation. However, some people cannot see stereoscopically with the naked eye. Therefore, we created anaglyph three-dimensional (3D) images from stereo-paired images of the stereo X-ray anatomical chart of the bone specimen. The anaglyph of the bone surface and X-ray images facilitates stereoscopic viewing with red-blue 3D glasses. The stereo X-ray anatomical chart of the bone specimen with anaglyph 3D images was converted into an electronic data file in the same manner as the stereo X-ray anatomical chart of the bone specimen, which can be easily used in any radiological examination rooms or at home through an electronic medium. We made it possible to perform correlative stereoscopic observations of the bone surface and X-ray images using red-blue 3D glasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Segawa
- Department of Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Akihiro Miki
- Department of Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Yasuhiro Ide
- Department of Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | | | | | | | - Yukito Maeda
- Department of Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
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Segawa H, Araki N, Miki A, Ide Y, Yamasaki T, Takeuchi K, Mori Y, Honda T, Omori K, Maeda Y, Monden T. [Creation of Bone X-ray Radiography Manual Using Human Bone Specimens for Bone X-ray Radiography Education]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2022; 78:608-614. [PMID: 35569960 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2022-1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Senior radiological technologists have made various improvements and have supported the clinical and educational fields by explaining bone X-ray radiography to students and junior radiological technologists to understand the procedure using illustrations, X-ray images, and photographs in a way that corresponds to the design software available for that era. Because human bone specimens are only available in the anatomy laboratory of medical schools, they could not be used for the explanation of bone X-ray radiography until now. Therefore, we have developed a bone X-ray radiography manual using bone specimens for the bone X-ray radiography education, which helps students to understand the procedure of bone X-ray radiography. Previous bone X-ray radiography manuals had not been illustrated by bone specimens and bone specimen X-ray images, but this bone X-ray radiography manual using bone specimens has made it possible to understand the surface morphology of bone specimens and X-ray images of them. In addition, the data of bone X-ray radiography using this bone specimen were made into an electronic file, which can be easily used at the place of radiological examination or at home through electronic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Segawa
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Akihiro Miki
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Yasuhiro Ide
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | | | | | - Yuichiro Mori
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Tatsuya Honda
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Bureau of Medical Technology, Tokushima Prefectural Central Hospital
| | - Keigo Omori
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Yukito Maeda
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
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10
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Kishi N, Matsuo Y, Shintani T, Ogura M, Mitsuyoshi T, Araki N, Fujii K, Okumura S, Nakamatsu K, Kishi T, Atsuta T, Sakamoto T, Otsu S, Katagiri T, Narabayashi M, Fujishiro S, Iizuka Y, Ozasa H, Mizowaki T. PO-1279 PFS and recurrence patterns after CCRT with durvalumab for stage III and recurrent NSCLC. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03243-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Segawa H, Araki N, Miki A, Ide Y, Yamasaki T, Mori Y, Omori K, Maeda Y, Monden T. [Creation of Stereo-paired Color Vascular Anatomical Charts Using 3-dimentional Images]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2022; 78:62-71. [PMID: 35046223 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.780106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) images of blood vessels in the human body, which are acquired by X-ray computed tomography (CT) and cone-beam CT of Angiography devices, are widely used in medical diagnosis and treatment. Using the 3DCT images of blood vessels, we created stereo-paired color vascular anatomical charts for better understanding of vascular anatomy in clinical settings, patient explanations, and student education. Since it is difficult to distinguish branches of blood vessels that show three-dimensionally complicated running such as cerebral blood vessels, we made it easier to identify them anatomically by color-coding each branch of the blood vessel. Also, by using stereo-paired images, we can see the three-dimensional blood vessel running. In the past anatomical books and vascular anatomy atlas, there was no anatomical chart of the whole body blood vessels that could be color-coded and stereoscopically viewed. We have made it possible to identify blood vessels by the stereoscopic vision of the blood vessels using this stereo-paired color anatomical chart. In addition, this vascular anatomical chart can be additionally revised according to the needs of the clinical and educational settings to be used, and the data can be converted into an electronic file so that it can be easily used in the field of radiological examination or at home through electronic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Segawa
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Akihiro Miki
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Yasuhiro Ide
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | | | - Yuichiro Mori
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Keigo Omori
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Yukito Maeda
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
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12
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Abstract
The distinct movements of macropinosome formation and maturation have corresponding biochemical activities which occur in a defined sequence of stages and transitions between those stages. Each stage in the process is regulated by variously phosphorylated derivatives of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) which reside in the cytoplasmic face of the membrane lipid bilayer. PtdIns derivatives phosphorylated at the 3' position of the inositol moiety, called 3' phosphoinositides (3'PIs), regulate different stages of the sequence. 3'PIs are synthesized by numerous phosphoinositide 3'-kinases (PI3K) and other lipid kinases and phosphatases, which are themselves regulated by small GTPases of the Ras superfamily. The combined actions of these enzymes localize four principal species of 3'PI to distinct domains of the plasma membrane or to discrete organelles, with distinct biochemical activities confined to those domains. Phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) and phosphatidylinositol (3,4)-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4)P2) regulate the early stages of macropinosome formation, which include cell surface ruffling and constrictions of circular ruffles which close into macropinosomes. Phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) regulates macropinosome fusion with other macropinosomes and early endocytic organelles. Phosphatidylinositol (3,5)-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2) mediates macropinosome maturation and shrinkage, through loss of ions and water, and subsequent traffic to lysosomes. The different characteristic rates of macropinocytosis in different cell types indicate levels of regulation which may be governed by the cell's capacity to generate 3'PIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel A Swanson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
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13
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Saito T, Kosugi T, Nakamura N, Wada H, Tonari A, Ogawa H, Mitsuhashi N, Yamada K, Takahashi T, Sekii S, Karasawa K, Araki N, Nozaki M, Heianna J, Murotani K, Hirano Y, Satoh A, Onoe T, Watakabe T, Shikama N. Assessment of Treatment Response and Re-Bleeding After Palliative Radiation Therapy for Bleeding Gastric Cancer: A Longitudinal Multicenter Prospective Observational Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Kawai K, Nishigaki A, Moriya S, Egami Y, Araki N. Rab10-Positive Tubular Structures Represent a Novel Endocytic Pathway That Diverges From Canonical Macropinocytosis in RAW264 Macrophages. Front Immunol 2021; 12:649600. [PMID: 34135890 PMCID: PMC8203412 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.649600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Using the optogenetic photo-manipulation of photoactivatable (PA)-Rac1, remarkable cell surface ruffling and the formation of a macropinocytic cup (premacropinosome) could be induced in the region of RAW264 macrophages irradiated with blue light due to the activation of PA-Rac1. However, the completion of macropinosome formation did not occur until Rac1 was deactivated by the removal of the light stimulus. Following PA-Rac1 deactivation, some premacropinosomes closed into intracellular macropinosomes, whereas many others transformed into long Rab10-positive tubules without forming typical macropinosomes. These Rab10-positive tubules moved centripetally towards the perinuclear Golgi region along microtubules. Surprisingly, these Rab10-positive tubules did not contain any endosome/lysosome compartment markers, such as Rab5, Rab7, or LAMP1, suggesting that the Rab10-positive tubules were not part of the degradation pathway for lysosomes. These Rab10-positive tubules were distinct from recycling endosomal compartments, which are labeled with Rab4, Rab11, or SNX1. These findings suggested that these Rab10-positive tubules may be a part of non-degradative endocytic pathway that has never been known. The formation of Rab10-positive tubules from premacropinosomes was also observed in control and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated macrophages, although their frequencies were low. Interestingly, the formation of Rab10-positive premacropinosomes and tubules was not inhibited by phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, while the classical macropinosome formation requires PI3K activity. Thus, this study provides evidence to support the existence of Rab10-positive tubules as a novel endocytic pathway that diverges from canonical macropinocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhisa Kawai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Japan
| | - Arata Nishigaki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Japan
| | - Seiji Moriya
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Japan
| | - Youhei Egami
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Japan
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15
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Segawa H, Araki N, Miki A, Ide Y, Yamasaki T, Mori Y, Onishi Y, Maeda Y, Monden T. [Creation of a Stereo-paired Bone Anatomical Chart Using Human Bone Specimens for X-ray Anatomical Education Part II: Addition of Stereo-paired X-ray Bone Images to the Anatomical Chart]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2021; 77:365-370. [PMID: 33883371 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2021_jsrt_77.4.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In a previous issue of this journal, we published a report entitled "Creation of Stereo-paired Bone Anatomical Charts Using Human Bone Specimens for Radiation Education" To understand how the bone specimen is visualized as an X-ray image, we newly created a bone specimen stereo-paired X-ray anatomical chart by adding the X-ray images of the same bone specimen. When a bone is X-rayed, the surface structure and internal structure of the bone are visualized as a composite image of the difference in X-ray absorption, and each bone becomes a unique X-ray image. Therefore, we took stereo-paired X-ray images of the bone specimens by the same method as the stereo-paired anatomical chart of the bone specimens. Then, we arranged the stereo-paired X-ray images and surface images of the same bone specimen in the one sheet to be readily compared. Similar to the previous bone specimen anatomical charts, these data of X-ray image anatomical chart were also made into an electronic file, so that we can do the three-dimensional observation of bone X-ray images even at the place of radiological examination or at home through electronic media. Until now, none of the specialized anatomy books and pictorial books are available for stereoscopic viewing of bone specimens and bone X-ray images. However, this stereo-paired X-ray image anatomical chart enabled us to learn accurate three-dimensionalization of bones by comparing the bone surface morphology and bone X-ray images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Segawa
- Department of Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Akihiro Miki
- Department of Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | - Yasuhiro Ide
- Department of Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
| | | | | | | | - Yukito Maeda
- Department of Radiology, Kagawa University Hospital
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16
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Abstract
Rab35 is a small G protein involved in various cellular events including clathrin-dependent endocytosis, phagocytosis, and autophagy. DENND1B, a DENN family member, acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab35 to convert it to the GTP-bound active form from the GDP-bound inactive form. DENND1B contains the DENN domain which harbors GEF activity for Rab35 in the N-terminus, while the clathrin binding motif and adaptor protein-2-interaction motif are at the C-terminus. In this study, we investigated the intracellular localization of DENN1B in various cell types and found novel DENND1B-localized gathered line structures in BS-C-1 cells and in some other cell types. The localization of DENND1B to gathered line structures was dependent on a specific region located in the C-terminus of DENND1B protein. DENND1B-localized gathered lines were partially associated with microtubules but not with F-actin; instead, F-actin bundles surrounded the assembly of gathered lines. We also show that the gathered line structures appeared at the bottom of spreading lamellipodia and disappeared at the retracting site during cell motility in EGF-stimulated BS-C-1 cells. These results shed light on a new role for DENND1B in the regulation of cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Won Park
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Kawai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Youhei Egami
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan.
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17
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Kawai K, Egami Y, Nishigaki A, Araki N. Rab35 Targeting to the Plasma Membrane Is Dependent on the C-terminal Polybasic Cluster. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2020; 53:93-97. [PMID: 32873993 PMCID: PMC7450177 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.20-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rab35, a member of the Rab GTPase family, has been implicated in various cellular processes including cell motility and membrane trafficking. Although Rab35 is localized to the plasma membrane, Rab proteins that are identified to have high sequence homology with Rab35 exhibit distinct subcellular localization patterns. Comparing the amino acid sequences between Rab35 and its family members revealed a significant variation in an approximate 30-amino acid region of the C-terminus. This suggests that this region determines the subcellular localization of individual Rab proteins. To confirm this hypothesis, we constructed Rab35–Rab10 chimera proteins by exchanging their C-terminal domains with one another. Confocal microscopy of RAW264 cells expressing EGFP-fused Rab35–Rab10 chimeras has indicated that the C-terminal region of Rab35 is critical for its plasma membrane localization. Furthermore, we were able to determine that a basic amino acid cluster exists in the C-terminal region of Rab35 and that Rab35 localization shifts to the Golgi membrane when the number of basic amino acids in this region is reduced. Thus, it is likely that the approximate 30-amino acid C-terminal region containing basic clusters is responsible for Rab35 plasma membrane localization and that its preferential localization depends on the number of basic amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhisa Kawai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University
| | - Youhei Egami
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University
| | - Arata Nishigaki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University
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18
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Ono H, Suzuki N, Kanno SI, Kawahara G, Izumi R, Takahashi T, Kitajima Y, Osana S, Nakamura N, Akiyama T, Ikeda K, Shijo T, Mitsuzawa S, Nagatomi R, Araki N, Yasui A, Warita H, Hayashi YK, Miyake K, Aoki M. AMPK Complex Activation Promotes Sarcolemmal Repair in Dysferlinopathy. Mol Ther 2020; 28:1133-1153. [PMID: 32087766 PMCID: PMC7132631 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in dysferlin are responsible for a group of progressive, recessively inherited muscular dystrophies known as dysferlinopathies. Using recombinant proteins and affinity purification methods combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), we found that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)γ1 was bound to a region of dysferlin located between the third and fourth C2 domains. Using ex vivo laser injury experiments, we demonstrated that the AMPK complex was vital for the sarcolemmal damage repair of skeletal muscle fibers. Injury-induced AMPK complex accumulation was dependent on the presence of Ca2+, and the rate of accumulation was regulated by dysferlin. Furthermore, it was found that the phosphorylation of AMPKα was essential for plasma membrane repair, and treatment with an AMPK activator rescued the membrane-repair impairment observed in immortalized human myotubes with reduced expression of dysferlin and dysferlin-null mouse fibers. Finally, it was determined that treatment with the AMPK activator metformin improved the muscle phenotype in zebrafish and mouse models of dysferlin deficiency. These findings indicate that the AMPK complex is essential for plasma membrane repair and is a potential therapeutic target for dysferlinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Ono
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Naoki Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Kanno
- The Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Genri Kawahara
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Rumiko Izumi
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Takahashi
- National Hospital Organization Sendai-Nishitaga Hospital, Sendai 982-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kitajima
- Department of Muscle Development and Regeneration, Division of Developmental Regulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Shion Osana
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Naoko Nakamura
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Akiyama
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Kensuke Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tomomi Shijo
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shio Mitsuzawa
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Akira Yasui
- The Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Warita
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yukiko K Hayashi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Katsuya Miyake
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan; Center for Basic Medical Research, Narita Campus, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita 286-8686, Japan
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.
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19
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Yanase K, Uemura N, Chiba Y, Murakami R, Fujihara R, Matsumoto K, Shirakami G, Araki N, Ueno M. Immunoreactivities for hepcidin, ferroportin, and hephaestin in astrocytes and choroid plexus epithelium of human brains. Neuropathology 2019; 40:75-83. [DOI: 10.1111/neup.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Yanase
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of MedicineKagawa University Kagawa Japan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of MedicineKagawa University Takamatsu Japan
| | - Naoya Uemura
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of MedicineKagawa University Kagawa Japan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of MedicineKagawa University Takamatsu Japan
| | - Yoichi Chiba
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of MedicineKagawa University Kagawa Japan
| | - Ryuta Murakami
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of MedicineKagawa University Kagawa Japan
| | - Ryuji Fujihara
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of MedicineKagawa University Kagawa Japan
| | - Koichi Matsumoto
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of MedicineKagawa University Kagawa Japan
| | - Gotaro Shirakami
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of MedicineKagawa University Takamatsu Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of MedicineKagawa University Takamatsu Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Department of Pathology and Host Defense, Faculty of MedicineKagawa University Kagawa Japan
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20
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Binte Mustafiz SS, Uyama T, Morito K, Takahashi N, Kawai K, Hussain Z, Tsuboi K, Araki N, Yamamoto K, Tanaka T, Ueda N. Intracellular Ca 2+-dependent formation of N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamines by human cytosolic phospholipase A 2ε. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:158515. [PMID: 31473348 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.158515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
N-Acyl-phosphatidylethanolamines (NAPEs) are known to be precursors of bioactive N-acylethanolamines (NAEs), including the endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) and anti-inflammatory palmitoylethanolamide. In mammals, NAPEs are produced by N-acyltransferases, which transfer an acyl chain from the sn-1 position of glycerophospholipid to the amino group of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Recently, the ɛ isoform of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2ɛ) was found to be Ca2+-dependent N-acyltransferase. However, it was poorly understood which types of phospholipids serve as substrates in living cells. In the present study, we established a human embryonic kidney 293 cell line, in which doxycycline potently induces human cPLA2ɛ, and used these cells to analyze endogenous substrates and products of cPLA2ɛ with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. When treated with doxycycline and Ca2+ ionophore, the cells produced various species of diacyl- and alkenylacyl-types of NAPEs as well as NAEs in large quantities. Moreover, the levels of diacyl- and alkenylacyl-types of PEs and diacyl-phosphatidylcholines (PCs) decreased, while those of lysophosphatidylethanolamines and lysophosphatidylcholines increased. These results suggested that cPLA2ɛ Ca2+-dependently produces NAPEs by utilizing endogenous diacyl- and alkenylacyl-types of PEs as acyl acceptors and diacyl-type PCs and diacyl-type PEs as acyl donors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toru Uyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Katsuya Morito
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Naoko Takahashi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Kawai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Zahir Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tsuboi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kei Yamamoto
- Division of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan; PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Tanaka
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Natsuo Ueda
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan.
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21
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Binte Mustafiz SS, Uyama T, Hussain Z, Kawai K, Tsuboi K, Araki N, Ueda N. The role of intracellular anionic phospholipids in the production of N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamines by cytosolic phospholipase A2ɛ. J Biochem 2019; 165:343-352. [PMID: 30517655 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvy104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N-Acyl-phosphatidylethanolamines (NAPEs) represent a class of glycerophospholipids and serve as the precursors of bioactive N-acylethanolamines, including arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide), palmitoylethanolamide and oleoylethanolamide. NAPEs are produced in mammals by N-acyltransferases, the enzymes which transfer an acyl chain of glycerophospholipids to the amino group of phosphatidylethanolamine. Recently, the ɛ isoform of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2ɛ, also called PLA2G4E) was identified as Ca2+-dependent N-acyltransferase. We showed that the activity is remarkably stimulated by phosphatidylserine (PS) in vitro. In the present study, we investigated whether or not endogenous PS regulates the function of cPLA2ɛ in living cells. When PS synthesis was suppressed by the knockdown of PS synthases in cPLA2ɛ-expressing cells, the cPLA2ɛ level and its N-acyltransferase activity were significantly reduced. Mutagenesis studies revealed that all of C2, lipase and polybasic domains of cPLA2ɛ were required for its proper localization as well as the enzyme activity. Liposome-based assays showed that several anionic glycerophospholipids, including PS, phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, enhance the Ca2+-dependent binding of purified cPLA2ɛ to liposome membrane and stimulate its N-acyltransferase activity. Altogether, these results suggested that endogenous PS and other anionic phospholipids affect the localization and enzyme activity of cPLA2ɛ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Katsuhisa Kawai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tsuboi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
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Murakami A, Maekawa M, Kawai K, Nakayama J, Araki N, Semba K, Taguchi T, Kamei Y, Takada Y, Higashiyama S. Cullin-3/KCTD10 E3 complex is essential for Rac1 activation through RhoB degradation in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:650-661. [PMID: 30515933 PMCID: PMC6361568 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rho GTPase Rac1 is a central regulator of F‐actin organization and signal transduction to control plasma membrane dynamics and cell proliferation. Dysregulated Rac1 activity is often observed in various cancers including breast cancer and is suggested to be critical for malignancy. Here, we showed that the ubiquitin E3 ligase complex Cullin‐3 (CUL3)/KCTD10 is essential for epidermal growth factor (EGF)‐induced/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐dependent Rac1 activation in HER2‐positive breast cancer cells. EGF‐induced dorsal membrane ruffle formation and cell proliferation that depends on both Rac1 and HER2 were suppressed in CUL3‐ or KCTD10‐depleted cells. Mechanistically, CUL3/KCTD10 ubiquitinated RhoB for degradation, another Rho GTPase that inhibits Rac1 activation at the plasma membrane by suppressing endosome‐to‐plasma membrane traffic of Rac1. In HER2‐positive breast cancers, high expression of Rac1 mRNA significantly correlated with poor prognosis of the patients. This study shows that this novel molecular axis (CUL3/KCTD10/RhoB) positively regulates the activity of Rac1 in HER2‐positive breast cancers, and our findings may lead to new treatment options for HER2‐ and Rac1‐positive breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akari Murakami
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Masashi Maekawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan.,Division of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Kawai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Japan
| | - Jun Nakayama
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Japan
| | - Kentaro Semba
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Taguchi
- Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kamei
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Yasutsugu Takada
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Shigeki Higashiyama
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan.,Division of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
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Hussain Z, Uyama T, Kawai K, Binte Mustafiz SS, Tsuboi K, Araki N, Ueda N. Phosphatidylserine-stimulated production of N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamines by Ca 2+-dependent N-acyltransferase. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:493-502. [PMID: 29447909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE) is known to be a precursor for various bioactive N-acylethanolamines including the endocannabinoid anandamide. NAPE is produced in mammals through the transfer of an acyl chain from certain glycerophospholipids to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) by Ca2+-dependent or -independent N-acyltransferases. The ε isoform of mouse cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2ε) was recently identified as a Ca2+-dependent N-acyltransferase (Ca-NAT). In the present study, we first showed that two isoforms of human cPLA2ε function as Ca-NAT. We next purified both mouse recombinant cPLA2ε and its two human orthologues to examine their catalytic properties. The enzyme absolutely required Ca2+ for its activity and the activity was enhanced by phosphatidylserine (PS). PS enhanced the activity 25-fold in the presence of 1 mM CaCl2 and lowered the EC50 value of Ca2+ >8-fold. Using a PS probe, we showed that cPLA2ε largely co-localizes with PS in plasma membrane and organelles involved in the endocytic pathway, further supporting the interaction of cPLA2ε with PS in living cells. Finally, we found that the Ca2+-ionophore ionomycin increased [14C]NAPE levels >10-fold in [14C]ethanolamine-labeled cPLA2ε-expressing cells while phospholipase A/acyltransferase-1, acting as a Ca2+-independent N-acyltransferase, was insensitive to ionomycin for full activity. In conclusion, PS potently stimulated the Ca2+-dependent activity and human cPLA2ε isoforms also functioned as Ca-NAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahir Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Toru Uyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Kawai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhito Tsuboi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Natsuo Ueda
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan.
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Egami Y, Araki N. Transient recruitment of M-Ras GTPase to phagocytic cups in RAW264 macrophages during FcγR-mediated phagocytosis. Microscopy (Oxf) 2018; 67:68-74. [DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfx131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Youhei Egami
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
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Egami Y, Kawai K, Araki N. RhoC regulates the actin remodeling required for phagosome formation during FcγR-mediated phagocytosis. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:4168-4179. [PMID: 29113998 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.202739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Phagosome formation is a complicated process that requires spatiotemporally regulated actin reorganization. We found that RhoC GTPase is a critical regulator of FcγR-mediated phagocytosis in macrophages. Our live-cell imaging revealed that RhoC, but not RhoA, is recruited to phagocytic cups engulfing IgG-opsonized erythrocytes (IgG-Es). RhoC silencing through RNAi, CRISPR/Cas-mediated RhoC knockout, and the expression of dominant-negative or constitutively active RhoC mutants suppressed the phagocytosis of IgG-Es. Moreover, RhoC-GTP pulldown experiments showed that endogenous RhoC is transiently activated during phagosome formation. Notably, actin-driven pseudopod extension, which is required for the formation of phagocytic cups, was severely impaired in cells expressing the constitutively active mutant RhoC-G14V, which induced abnormal F-actin accumulation underneath the plasma membrane. mDia1 (encoded by DIAPH1), a Rho-dependent actin nucleation factor, and RhoC were colocalized at the phagocytic cups. Similar to what was seen for RhoC, mDia1 silencing through RNAi inhibited phagosome formation. Additionally, the coexpression of mDia1 with constitutively active mutant RhoC-G14V or expression of active mutant mDia1-ΔN3 drastically inhibited the uptake of IgG-Es. These data suggest that RhoC modulates phagosome formation be modifying actin cytoskeletal remodeling via mDia1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhei Egami
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Kawai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
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Ito Y, Mitsufuji T, Asano Y, Shimazu T, Kato Y, Tanahashi N, Maruki Y, Sakai F, Yamamoto T, Araki N. Naratriptan in the prophylactic treatment of cluster headache - a multicenter cooperative study -. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.3428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Yamanaka Y, Beppu M, Araki N, Katagiri A, Fujinuma Y, Yamamoto T, Hirano S, Asahina M, Kuwabara S. Proposal of modified autonomic failure criteria for the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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28
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Sano K, Asahina M, Uehara T, Matsumoto K, Araki N, Okuyama R. Degranulation and shrinkage of dark cells in eccrine glands and elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 31:2097-2103. [PMID: 28662305 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis (AIGA) is characterized by anhidrosis/hypohidrosis without other autonomic and neurological dysfunctions. Pathologically, AIGA is considered to usually present no significant morphological alterations in eccrine glands, the secretory portion which consists of clear cells, dark cells, and myoepithelial cells. AIGA patients recently have been reported to show high serum concentrations of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). OBJECTIVE Our aim is to reveal morphological abnormalities of dark cells and investigate their relationship with serum CEA. METHODS We performed comparative analysis of eccrine glands between sweat-preserved and non-sweating skin in four AIGA patients. Serum CEA concentrations in 22 cases with AIGA were measured with healthy volunteers. Furthermore, we semiquantitatively investigated dermcidin, FoxA1 and CEA expression in eccrine glands of 12 cases with AIGA and 5 cases with non-AIGA. RESULTS Marked degranulation and shrinkage of dark cells consistently occurred in AIGA. Furthermore, high serum CEA concentrations were found in 14 of 22 AIGA patients (over 60%), but serum CEA levels were not correlated with CEA expression in eccrine glands. Dermcidin expression in dark cells apparently decreased in AIGA patients, severely in those with high serum CEA and moderately in those with low serum CEA, while well-preserved expression was found in non-AIGA subjects. CONCLUSION Our study suggests morphological damage and molecular dysregulation of dark cells, leading to impairment of their functions in AIGA patients. Severely damaged dark cells correspond to high serum CEA. Accordingly, these pathological changes in eccrine dark cells may be involved in anhidrosis/hypohidrosis of AIGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - M Asahina
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Uehara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - K Matsumoto
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - N Araki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - R Okuyama
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
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Ikeda Y, Kawai K, Ikawa A, Kawamoto K, Egami Y, Araki N. Rac1 switching at the right time and location is essential for Fcγ receptor-mediated phagosome formation. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:2530-2540. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.201749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamellipodia are sheet-like cell protrusions driven by actin polymerization mainly through Rac1, a GTPase molecular switch. In Fcγ receptor-mediated phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized erythrocytes (IgG-Es), Rac1 activation is required for lamellipodial extension along the surface of IgG-Es. However, the significance of Rac1 deactivation in phagosome formation is poorly understood. Our live-cell imaging and electron microscopy revealed that RAW264 macrophages expressing a constitutively active Rac1 mutant showed defects in phagocytic cup formation, while lamellipodia were formed around IgG-Es. Because the activated Rac1 reduced the phosphorylation levels of myosin light chain, failure of the cup formation were probably due to inhibition of actin/myosin II contractility. Reversible photo-manipulation of the Rac1 switch in macrophages fed with IgG-Es could phenocopy two lamellipodial motilities: outward-extension and cup-constriction by Rac1 ON and OFF, respectively. In conjunction with FRET imaging of Rac1 activity, we provide a novel mechanistic model of phagosome formation spatiotemporally controlled by Rac1 switching within a phagocytic cup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Ikeda
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Kawai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Akira Ikawa
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kyoko Kawamoto
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Youhei Egami
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
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Hussain Z, Uyama T, Kawai K, Rahman IAS, Tsuboi K, Araki N, Ueda N. Comparative analyses of isoforms of the calcium-independent phosphatidylethanolamine N-acyltransferase PLAAT-1 in humans and mice. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:2051-2060. [PMID: 27623847 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m071290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
N-Acylphosphatidylethanolamines (NAPEs) are a class of glycerophospholipids, which are known as precursors for different bioactive N-acylethanolamines. We previously reported that phospholipase A/acyltransferase-1 (PLAAT-1), which was originally found in mammals as a tumor suppressor, catalyzes N-acylation of phosphatidylethanolamines to form NAPEs. However, recent online database suggested the presence of an uncharacterized isoform of PLAAT-1 with an extra sequence at the N terminus. In the present study, we examined the occurrence, intracellular localization, and catalytic properties of this longer isoform, as well as the original shorter isoform from humans and mice. Our results showed that human tissues express the longer isoform but not the short isoform at all. In contrast, mice expressed both isoforms with different tissue distribution. Unlike the cytoplasmic localization of the shorter isoform, the long isoform was found in both cytoplasm and nucleus, inferring that the extra sequence harbors a nuclear localization signal. As assayed with purified proteins, neither isoform required calcium for full activity. Moreover, the overexpression of each isoform remarkably increased cellular NAPE levels. These results conclude that the new long isoform of PLAAT-1 is a calcium-independent N-acyltransferase existing in both cytoplasm and nucleus and suggest a possible formation of NAPEs in various membrane structures including nuclear membrane. J. Lipid Res 2016. 57: 2051-2060.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahir Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Toru Uyama
- Department of Biochemistry Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Kawai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Iffat Ara Sonia Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tsuboi
- Department of Biochemistry Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Natsuo Ueda
- Department of Biochemistry Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nakazato
- Department of Neurology, Saitama Medical School, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan.
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Hayashida Y, Ikeda Y, Sawada K, Kawai K, Kato T, Kakehi Y, Araki N. Invention of a novel photodynamic therapy for tumors using a photosensitizing PI3K inhibitor. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:700-11. [PMID: 26989815 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
XL147 (SAR245408, pilaralisib), an ATP-competitive pan-class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, is a promising new anticancer drug. We examined the effect of the PI3K inhibitor on PC3 prostate cancer cells under a fluorescence microscope and found that XL147-treated cancer cells are rapidly injured by blue wavelength (430 nm) light irradiation. During the irradiation, the cancer cells treated with 0.2-2 μM XL147 showed cell surface blebbing and cytoplasmic vacuolation and died within 15 min. The extent of cell injury/death was dependent on the dose of XL147 and the light power of the irradiation. These findings suggest that XL147 might act as a photosensitizing reagent in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for cancer. Moreover, the cytotoxic effect of photosensitized XL147 was reduced by pretreatment with other ATP-competitive PI3K inhibitors such as LY294002, suggesting that the cytotoxic effect of photosensitized XL147 is facilitated by binding to PI3K in cells. In a single-cell illumination analysis using a fluorescent probe to identify reactive oxygen species (ROS), significantly increased ROS production was observed in the XL147-treated cells when the cell was illuminated with blue light. Taken together, it is conceivable that XL147, which is preferentially accumulated in cancer cells, could be photosensitized by blue light to produce ROS to kill cancer cells. This study will open up new possibilities for PDT using anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushi Hayashida
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yuka Ikeda
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Koichi Sawada
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Kawai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Takuma Kato
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kakehi
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
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Shibata H, Kato S, Sekine I, Abe K, Araki N, Iguchi H, Izumi T, Inaba Y, Osaka I, Kato S, Kawai A, Kinuya S, Kodaira M, Kobayashi E, Kobayashi T, Sato J, Shinohara N, Takahashi S, Takamatsu Y, Takayama K, Takayama K, Tateishi U, Nagakura H, Hosaka M, Morioka H, Moriya T, Yuasa T, Yurikusa T, Yomiya K, Yoshida M. Diagnosis and treatment of bone metastasis: comprehensive guideline of the Japanese Society of Medical Oncology, Japanese Orthopedic Association, Japanese Urological Association, and Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology. ESMO Open 2016; 1:e000037. [PMID: 27843593 PMCID: PMC5070259 DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2016-000037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis and treatment of bone metastasis requires various types of measures, specialists and caregivers. To provide better diagnosis and treatment, a multidisciplinary team approach is required. The members of this multidisciplinary team include doctors of primary cancers, radiologists, pathologists, orthopaedists, radiotherapists, clinical oncologists, palliative caregivers, rehabilitation doctors, dentists, nurses, pharmacists, physical therapists, occupational therapists, medical social workers, etc. Medical evidence was extracted from published articles describing meta-analyses or randomised controlled trials concerning patients with bone metastases mainly from 2003 to 2013, and a guideline was developed according to the Medical Information Network Distribution Service Handbook for Clinical Practice Guideline Development 2014. Multidisciplinary team meetings are helpful in diagnosis and treatment. Clinical benefits such as physical or psychological palliation obtained using the multidisciplinary team approaches are apparent. We established a guideline describing each specialty field, to improve understanding of the different fields among the specialists, who can further provide appropriate treatment, and to improve patients’ outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shibata
- Department of Clinical Oncology , Akita University Graduate School of Medicine , Akita , Japan
| | - S Kato
- Department of Clinical Oncology , Juntendo University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - I Sekine
- Department of Clinical Oncology , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - K Abe
- Department of Rehabilitation , Chiba Prefectural University of Health Sciences , Chiba , Japan
| | - N Araki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery , Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases , Osaka , Japan
| | - H Iguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology , National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center , Matsuyama , Japan
| | - T Izumi
- Division of Hematology , Tochigi Cancer Center , Utsunomiya , Japan
| | - Y Inaba
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology , Aichi Cancer Center Hospital , Nagoya , Japan
| | - I Osaka
- Division of Palliative Medicine , Shizuoka Cancer Center , Sunto-gun , Japan
| | - S Kato
- Department for Cancer Chemotherapy , Iwate Prefectural Central Hospital , Morioka , Japan
| | - A Kawai
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology , National Cancer Center Hospital , Tokyo , Japan
| | - S Kinuya
- Department of Nuclear Medicine , Kanazawa University Hospital , Kanazawa , Japan
| | - M Kodaira
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology , National Cancer Center Hospital , Tokyo , Japan
| | - E Kobayashi
- Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology , National Cancer Center Hospital , Tokyo , Japan
| | - T Kobayashi
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology , Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital , Kanazawa , Japan
| | - J Sato
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University , Morioka , Japan
| | - N Shinohara
- Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery , Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine , Sapporo , Japan
| | - S Takahashi
- Department of Medical Oncology , Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Y Takamatsu
- Division of Medical Oncology , Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Fukuoka University Hospital , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - K Takayama
- Seirei Christopher University , Hamamatsu , Japan
| | - K Takayama
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
| | - U Tateishi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine , Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - H Nagakura
- Department of Radiology , KKR Sapporo Medical Center , Sapporo , Japan
| | - M Hosaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai , Japan
| | - H Morioka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - T Moriya
- Department of Pathology 2 , Kawasaki Medical School , Kurashiki , Japan
| | - T Yuasa
- Department of Urology , Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research , Tokyo , Japan
| | - T Yurikusa
- Division of Dentistry and Oral Surgery , Shizuoka Cancer Center , Sunto-gun , Japan
| | - K Yomiya
- Department of Palliative Care , Saitama Cancer Center , Kitaadachi-gun , Japan
| | - M Yoshida
- Department of Hemodialysis and Surgery , Chemotherapy Research Institute, International University of Health and Welfare , Ichikawa , Japan
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Lu Y, Cao L, Egami Y, Kawai K, Araki N. Cofilin contributes to phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized particles but not non-opsonized particles in RAW264 macrophages. Microscopy (Oxf) 2016; 65:233-42. [PMID: 26754560 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfv376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cofilin is an actin-binding protein that severs actin filaments. It plays a key role in regulating actin cytoskeletal remodeling, thereby contributing to diverse cellular functions. However, the involvement of cofilin in phagocytosis remains to be elucidated. We examined the spatiotemporal localization of cofilin during phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized erythrocytes, IgG-opsonized latex beads and non-opsonized latex beads. Live-cell imaging showed that GFP-cofilin accumulates in the sites of IgG-opsonized particle binding and in phagocytic cups. Moreover, immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that endogenous cofilin localizes to phagocytic cups engulfing IgG-opsonized particles, but not non-opsonized latex beads. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated a notable difference in morphology between phagocytic structures in IgG-dependent and IgG-independent phagocytosis. In phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized particles, sheet-like pseudopodia extended along the surface of IgG-opsonized particles to form phagocytic cups. In contrast, in opsonin-independent phagocytosis, long finger-like filopodia captured non-opsonized latex beads. Importantly, non-opsonized beads sank into the cells without extending phagocytic cups. Our analysis of cofilin mutant expression demonstrates that phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized particles is enhanced in cells expressing wild-type cofilin or active mutant cofilin-S3A, whereas the uptake of non-opsonized latex beads is not. These data suggest that cofilin promotes actin cytoskeletal remodeling to form phagocytic cups by accelerating actin turnover and thereby facilitating phagosome formation. In contrast, cofilin is not involved in opsonin-independent phagocytosis of latex beads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmeng Lu
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan Department of Information Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Youhei Egami
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Kawai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
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Kawai A, Araki N, Ando Y, Nakano K, Machida M, Yoshida P. 3438 Post marketing surveillance (PMS) in Japan for soft tissue sarcoma (STS) patients treated with pazopanib. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31911-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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Hasunuma T, Araki N, Nakamura K, Shikano K, Momosaki K, Kawai S, Endo F, Takada F. AB0951 Significance of Measuring Alpha-Galactosidase a in Fibromyalgia Patients: Possibility of Fabry Disease in Fibromyalgia Patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.3645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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37
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Uyama T, Kawai K, Kono N, Watanabe M, Tsuboi K, Inoue T, Araki N, Arai H, Ueda N. Interaction of Phospholipase A/Acyltransferase-3 with Pex19p: A POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT IN THE DOWN-REGULATION OF PEROXISOMES. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:17520-34. [PMID: 26018079 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.635433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase A/acyltransferase (PLA/AT)-3 (also known as H-rev107 or AdPLA) was originally isolated as a tumor suppressor and was later shown to have phospholipase A1/A2 activity. We have also found that the overexpression of PLA/AT-3 in mammalian cells results in specific disappearance of peroxisomes. However, its molecular mechanism remained unclear. In the present study, we first established a HEK293 cell line, which stably expresses a fluorescent peroxisome marker protein (DsRed2-Peroxi) and expresses PLA/AT-3 in a tetracycline-dependent manner. The treatment with tetracycline, as expected, caused disappearance of peroxisomes within 24 h, as revealed by diffuse signals of DsRed2-Peroxi and a remarkable decrease in a peroxisomal membrane protein, PMP70. A time-dependent decrease in ether-type lipid levels was also seen. Because the activation of LC3, a marker of autophagy, was not observed, the involvement of autophagy was unlikely. Among various peroxins responsible for peroxisome biogenesis, Pex19p functions as a chaperone protein for the transportation of peroxisomal membrane proteins. Immunoprecipitation analysis showed that PLA/AT-3 binds to Pex19p through its N-terminal proline-rich and C-terminal hydrophobic domains. The protein level and enzyme activity of PLA/AT-3 were increased by its coexpression with Pex19p. Moreover, PLA/AT-3 inhibited the binding of Pex19 to peroxisomal membrane proteins, such as Pex3p and Pex11βp. A catalytically inactive point mutant of PLA/AT-3 could bind to Pex19p but did not inhibit the chaperone activity of Pex19p. Altogether, these results suggest a novel regulatory mechanism for peroxisome biogenesis through the interaction between Pex19p and PLA/AT-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Uyama
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and
| | - Katsuhisa Kawai
- Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Nozomu Kono
- the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masahiro Watanabe
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Kagawa University Hospital, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan, and
| | | | - Tomohito Inoue
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults, Zentsuji, Kagawa 765-0001, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Histology and Cell Biology, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Arai
- the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Horiuchi S, Higashi T, Ikeda K, Saishoji T, Jinnouchi Y, Sano H, Araki N. Structures of advanced glycation end products and their role in pathophysiological states. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 112:32-41. [PMID: 7554991 DOI: 10.1159/000424090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Horiuchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Japan
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39
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Kimura T, Ishizawa K, Mitsufuji T, Abe T, Nakazato Y, Yoshida K, Sasaki A, Araki N. A clinicopathological and genetic study of sporadic diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids: a report of two cases. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2014; 39:837-43. [PMID: 23521113 PMCID: PMC3933763 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Kimura
- Department of Neurology, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama-town, Japan
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40
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Egami Y, Taguchi T, Maekawa M, Arai H, Araki N. Small GTPases and phosphoinositides in the regulatory mechanisms of macropinosome formation and maturation. Front Physiol 2014; 5:374. [PMID: 25324782 PMCID: PMC4179697 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Macropinosome formation requires the sequential activation of numerous signaling pathways that coordinate the actin-driven formation of plasma membrane protrusions (ruffles) and circular ruffles (macropinocytic cups), followed by the closure of these macropinocytic cups into macropinosomes. In the process of macropinosome formation, localized productions of phosphoinositides such as PI(4,5)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3 spatiotemporally orchestrate actin polymerization and rearrangement through recruiting and activating a variety of actin-associated proteins. In addition, the sequential activation of small GTPases, which are known to be master regulators of the actin cytoskeleton, plays a pivotal role in parallel with phosphoinositides. To complete macropinosome formation, phosphoinositide breakdown and Rho GTPase deactivation must occur in appropriate timings. After the nascent macropinosomes are formed, phosphoinositides and several Rab GTPases control macropinosome maturation by regulating vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the critical functions of phosphoinositide metabolism and small GTPases in association with their downstream effectors in macropinocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhei Egami
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University Miki, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Taguchi
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan ; Pathological Cell Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Maekawa
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan ; Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hiroyuki Arai
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan ; Pathological Cell Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University Miki, Japan
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41
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Yonemoto T, Takahashi S, Araki N, Sugiura H, Ueda T, Takahashi M, Morioka H, Hiraga H, Hiruma T, Kunisada T, Matsumine A, Kawai A. Intra- and Inter-Patient Comparison of Efficacy Between Two Phase Ii Studies of Trabectedin (T) in Patients (Pts) with Translocation-Related Sarcomas (Trs); a Randomized Comparative Study (Study-C) and a Single Arm Study (Study-S). Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu354.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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42
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Kataoka K, Tanaka K, Mizusawa J, Kimura A, Hiraga H, Kawai A, Matsunobu T, Matsumine A, Araki N, Oda Y, Fukuda H, Iwamoto Y. A Randomized Phase II/III Trial of Perioperative Chemotherapy with Adriamycin Plus Ifosfamide Versus Gemcitabine Plus Docetaxel for High-grade Soft Tissue Sarcoma: Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study JCOG1306. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2014; 44:765-9. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyu080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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43
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Kato T, Kawai K, Egami Y, Kakehi Y, Araki N. Rac1-dependent lamellipodial motility in prostate cancer PC-3 cells revealed by optogenetic control of Rac1 activity. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97749. [PMID: 24848679 PMCID: PMC4029798 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The lamellipodium, an essential structure for cell migration, plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. Although Rac1 recognized as a key player in the formation of lamellipodia, the molecular mechanisms underlying lamellipodial motility are not fully understood. Optogenetic technology enabled us to spatiotemporally control the activity of photoactivatable Rac1 (PA-Rac1) in living cells. Using this system, we revealed the role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in Rac1-dependent lamellipodial motility in PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Through local blue laser irradiation of PA-Rac1-expressing cells, lamellipodial motility was reversibly induced. First, outward extension of a lamellipodium parallel to the substratum was observed. The extended lamellipodium then showed ruffling activity at the periphery. Notably, PI(3,4,5)P3 and WAVE2 were localized in the extending lamellipodium in a PI3K-dependent manner. We confirmed that the inhibition of PI3K activity greatly suppressed lamellipodial extension, while the ruffling activity was less affected. These results suggest that Rac1-induced lamellipodial motility consists of two distinct activities, PI3K-dependent outward extension and PI3K-independent ruffling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Kato
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Kawai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Youhei Egami
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kakehi
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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44
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Araki N, Ikeda Y, Kato T, Kawai K, Egami Y, Miyake K, Tsurumaki N, Yamaguchi M. Development of an automated fluorescence microscopy system for photomanipulation of genetically encoded photoactivatable proteins (optogenetics) in live cells. Microscopy (Oxf) 2014; 63:255-60. [PMID: 24523516 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfu003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photomanipulation of genetically encoded light-sensitive protein activity, also known as optogenetics, is one of the most innovative recent microscopy techniques in the fields of cell biology and neurobiology. Although photomanipulation is usually performed by diverting the photobleaching mode of a confocal laser microscope, photobleaching by the laser scanning unit is not always suitable for photoactivation. We have developed a simple automated wide-field fluorescence microscopy system for the photomanipulation of genetically encoded photoactivatable proteins in live cells. An electrically automated fluorescence microscope can be controlled through MetaMorph imaging software, making it possible to acquire time-lapse, multiwavelength images of live cells. Using the journal (macro recording) function of MetaMorph, we wrote a macro program to change the excitation filter for photoactivation and illumination area during the intervals of image acquisition. When this program was run on the wide-field fluorescence microscope, cells expressing genetically encoded photoactivatable Rac1, which is activated under blue light, showed morphological changes such as lamellipodial extension and cell surface ruffling in the illuminated region. Using software-based development, we successfully constructed a fully automated photoactivation microscopy system for a mercury lamp-based fluorescence microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuka Ikeda
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology
| | - Takuma Kato
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Nobuhide Tsurumaki
- Technical Sales Department, Research/Clinical Division, Leica Microsystems, Takadanobaba, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0075, Japan
| | - Mitsunari Yamaguchi
- Molecular Device Japan, Bakuro-cho, Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0002, Japan
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45
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Yasui H, Okazaki S, Tanaka M, Araki N. Gemcitabine Followed by Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer. Ann Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt459.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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46
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Matsuda C, Miyake K, Imamura T, Araki N, Nishino I, Hayashi Y. P.5.1 Sarcolemmal repair and reorganization of microtubule. Neuromuscul Disord 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2013.06.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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47
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Otani K, Teshima T, Ito Y, Takahashi H, Ohigashi H, Oshima K, Araki N, Nishiyama K, Ishikawa O. Preoperative Chemoradiation Therapy With Gemcitabine for Pancreatic Cancer Encountered Vertebral Compression Fractures: Multivariate Analysis for Their Risk Factors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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48
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Yaginuma H, Matsumura G, Mori C, Maeda T, Araki N, Noda Y, Nakajima K, Kawata M, Okabe S. [Results of a questionnaire on efforts to increase research-oriented doctors]. Kaibogaku Zasshi 2013; 88:3-8. [PMID: 23600314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We surveyed medical and dental schools to promote the exchange of information about university efforts to increase the number of research-oriented doctors. Periods in which students rotate through laboratories to conduct research were reported by more than two thirds of universities. Many comments asserted that these efforts are effective. However, a small number of respondents reported low student motivation and insufficient time for laboratory experience. MD-PhD courses, in which students take a leave of absence in the middle of undergraduate training and follow a PhD curriculum, have been employed by more than 10 universities. However, relatively few students have chosen such programs. Modified MD-PhD courses have recently been introduced by several universities. In these courses, by taking part of the graduate school curriculum in advance, undergraduate students can shorten the time they spend in graduate school. Students who take such courses are increasing. There were many opinions that extra positions and financial support for research-oriented doctors are effective and should be enhanced. There were also many opinions that emphasize the importance of identifying research-oriented students, improving laboratory working environments, attending academic meetings and inter-university consortia to maintain students' motivation, and promoting collaboration with departments of clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yaginuma
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University.
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49
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Egami Y, Araki N. Spatiotemporal Localization of Rab20 in Live RAW264 Macrophages during Macropinocytosis. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2012; 45:317-23. [PMID: 23378675 PMCID: PMC3554782 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.12014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rab20 is a member of the Rab GTPase family, but its implication in macropinocytosis is unclear. We examined the spatiotemporal localization of Rab20 in RAW264 macrophages by the live-cell imaging of fluorescent protein-fused Rab20. It was shown that Rab20 was transiently associated with macropinosomal membranes. During the early stage of macropinosome formation, Rab20 was slightly localized on the circular ruffles (macropinocytic cups), the precursor forms of macropinosomes, and was increasingly recruited to the newly formed macropinosomes. Although Rab20 was colocalized with Rab5 and Rab21 on macropinosomal membranes, the association of Rab20 with macropinosomes persisted even after the dissociations of Rab5 and Rab21 from macropinosomal membranes. Rab20 was then colocalized with Rab7 and Lamp1, late endosomal/lysosomal markers, on macropinosomes for a while. Our data indicate that Rab20 is a novel component of macropinocytic pathway and functions at long-standing stages from early to late macropinosome maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhei Egami
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University
| | - Nobukazu Araki
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kagawa University
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Matsuda C, Miyake K, Kameyama K, Keduka E, Takeshima H, Imamura T, Araki N, Nishino I, Hayashi Y. The C2A domain in dysferlin is important for association with MG53 (TRIM72). PLoS Curr 2012; 4:e5035add8caff4. [PMID: 23145354 PMCID: PMC3493068 DOI: 10.1371/5035add8caff4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In skeletal muscle, Mitsugumin 53 (MG53), also known as muscle-specific tripartite motif 72, reportedly interacts with dysferlin to regulate membrane repair. To better understand the interactions between dysferlin and MG53, we conducted immunoprecipitation (IP) and pull-down assays. Based on IP assays, the C2A domain in dysferlin associated with MG53. MG53 reportedly exists as a monomer, a homodimer, or an oligomer, depending on the redox state. Based on pull-down assays, wild-type dysferlin associated with MG53 dimers in a Ca2+-dependent manner, but MG53 oligomers associated with both wild-type and C2A-mutant dysferlin in a Ca2+-independent manner. In pull-down assays, a pathogenic missense mutation in the C2A domain (W52R-C2A) inhibited the association between dysferlin and MG53 dimers, but another missense mutation (V67D-C2A) altered the calcium sensitivity of the association between the C2A domain and MG53 dimers. In contrast to the multimers, the MG53 monomers did not interact with wild-type or C2A mutant dysferlin in pull-down assays. These results indicated that the C2A domain in dysferlin is important for the Ca2+-dependent association with MG53 dimers and that dysferlin may associate with MG53 dimers in response to the influx of Ca2+ that occurs during membrane injury. To examine the biological role of the association between dysferlin and MG53, we co-expressed EGFP-dysferlin with RFP-tagged wild-type MG53 or RFP-tagged mutant MG53 (RFP-C242A-MG53) in mouse skeletal muscle, and observed molecular behavior during sarcolemmal repair; it has been reported that the C242A-MG53 mutant forms dimers, but not oligomers. In response to membrane wounding, dysferlin accumulated at the injury site within 1 second; this dysferlin accumulation was followed by the accumulation of wild-type MG53. However, accumulation of RFP-C242A MG53 at the wounded site was impaired relative to that of RFP-wild-type MG53. Co-transfection of RFP-C242A MG53 inhibited the recruitment of dysferlin to the sarcolemmal injury site. We also examined the molecular behavior of GFP-wild-type MG53 during sarcolemmal repair in dysferlin-deficient mice which show progressive muscular dystrophy, and found that GFP-MG53 accumulated at the wound similar to wild-type mice. Our data indicate that the coordination between dysferlin and MG53 plays an important role in efficient sarcolemmal repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Matsuda
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology; Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry
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