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Dauwalder O, Vandenesch F. Disc diffusion AST automation: one of the last pieces missing for full microbiology laboratory automation. Clin Microbiol Infect 2020; 26:539-541. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Durand T, Vautrin F, Bergeron E, Girard V, Polsinelli S, Monnin V, Durand G, Dauwalder O, Dumitrescu O, Laurent F, Rodríguez-Nava V. Assessment of VITEK® MS IVD database V3.0 for identification of Nocardia spp. using two culture media and comparing direct smear and protein extraction procedures. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 39:559-567. [PMID: 31758438 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03758-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the performance of the VITEK® MS IVD V3.0 matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization - time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF MS) V3.0 database for the identification of Nocardia spp. as compared with targeted DNA sequencing. A collection of 222 DNA sequence-defined Nocardia spp. strains encompassing 18 different species present or not in the database was tested. Bromocresol purple agar (BCP) and Columbia agar +5% sheep's blood (COS) culture media were used together with two different preparation steps: direct smear and a "3 attempts" procedure that covered (1) spotting of an extract, (2) new spotting of the same extract, and (3) spotting of a new extract. The direct smear protocol yielded low correct identification rates (≤ 15% for both media) whereas protein extraction yielded correct identification results (> 67% regardless of the media used.). The use of 2 additional attempts using repeat or new extracts increased correct identification rates to 87% and 91% for BCP and COS, respectively. When using the 3 attempts procedure, the best identification results, independent of media types, were obtained for N. farcinica and N. cyriacigeorgica (100%). Identification attempts 2 and 3 allowed to increase the number of correct identifications (BCP, +20%; COS, +13%). The enhancement in performance during attempts 2 and 3 was remarkable for N. abscessus (81% for both media) and low prevalence species (BCP, 70%; COS, 85%). Up to 3.4% and 2.4% of the strains belonging to species present in the database were misidentified with BCP and COS media, respectively. In 1.9% of the cases for BCP and 1.4% for COS, these misidentifications concerned a species belonging to the same phylogenetic complex. Concerning strains that are not claimed in the V3.0 database, N. puris and N. goodfellowi generated "No identification" results and 100% of the strains belonging to N. arthritidis, N.cerradoensis, and N. altamirensis yielded a misidentification within the same phylogenetic complex. Vitek® MS IVD V3.0 is an accurate and useful tool for identification of Nocardia spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Durand
- Institut des Agents infectieux, Centre de Biologie et Pathologies Nord, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - F Vautrin
- UMR CNRS 5557, Ecologie Microbienne - Groupe de Recherche "Pathogènes Opportunistes et Environnement" - ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - E Bergeron
- UMR CNRS 5557, Ecologie Microbienne - Groupe de Recherche "Pathogènes Opportunistes et Environnement" - ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - V Girard
- bioMérieux France, Microbiology R&D, La Balme-les-Grottes, France
| | - S Polsinelli
- bioMérieux France, Microbiology R&D, La Balme-les-Grottes, France
| | - V Monnin
- bioMérieux France, Microbiology R&D, La Balme-les-Grottes, France
| | - G Durand
- bioMérieux France, Microbiology R&D, La Balme-les-Grottes, France
| | - O Dauwalder
- Institut des Agents infectieux, Centre de Biologie et Pathologies Nord, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - O Dumitrescu
- Institut des Agents infectieux, Centre de Biologie et Pathologies Nord, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - F Laurent
- Institut des Agents infectieux, Centre de Biologie et Pathologies Nord, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - V Rodríguez-Nava
- Institut des Agents infectieux, Centre de Biologie et Pathologies Nord, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France. .,UMR CNRS 5557, Ecologie Microbienne - Groupe de Recherche "Pathogènes Opportunistes et Environnement" - ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
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Khanafer N, Cliniques S, Pergay V, Oltra L, Dauwalder O, Vandenesch F, Vanhems P. Surveillance prospective et transmission croisée d’infections à Clostridium difficile : retour de 12 années d’expérience dans un centre hospitalo-universitaire. Med Mal Infect 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2019.04.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Khanafer N, Cliniques S, Pergay V, Oltra L, Dauwalder O, Vandenesch F, Vanhems P. Détection des toxines libres dans les selles et pronostic des infections à C. difficile : Huit années de cohorte prospective. Med Mal Infect 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2019.04.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Khanafer N, Grando J, Dauwalder O, Vandenesch F, Vanhems P. Clostridium difficile infection in two large centers of Lyon University Hospital: Data from 2015 through 2017. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2018.05.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Kuczewski E, Gardes S, Gerbier-Colomban S, Grando J, Vandenesch F, Dauwalder O. Emerging extensively drug resistant bacteria (EXDR) in a French University Hospital in 2016: Description of incident cases and evaluation of five years trend. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2018.05.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Dauwalder O, Landrieve L, Laurent F, de Montclos M, Vandenesch F, Lina G. Does bacteriology laboratory automation reduce time to results and increase quality management? Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 22:236-43. [PMID: 26577142 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Due to reductions in financial and human resources, many microbiological laboratories have merged to build very large clinical microbiology laboratories, which allow the use of fully automated laboratory instruments. For clinical chemistry and haematology, automation has reduced the time to results and improved the management of laboratory quality. The aim of this review was to examine whether fully automated laboratory instruments for microbiology can reduce time to results and impact quality management. This study focused on solutions that are currently available, including the BD Kiestra™ Work Cell Automation and Total Lab Automation and the Copan WASPLab(®).
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Affiliation(s)
- O Dauwalder
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service des Techniques Biomédicales, Lyon, France.
| | - L Landrieve
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Nord, Lyon, France
| | - F Laurent
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service des Techniques Biomédicales, Lyon, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Sud, Pierre Bénite, France; Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Lyon, France
| | | | - F Vandenesch
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service des Techniques Biomédicales, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Lyon, France
| | - G Lina
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service des Techniques Biomédicales, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Lyon, France; INSERM U1111-CIRI-Domaine de la Buire, Lyon, France.
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Pichon M, Bal A, Morfin F, Casalegno JS, Billaud G, Lina B, Dauwalder O, Mekki Y, Vandenesch F. Evaluation of a multiplex gastrointestinal panel. Which test for a pediatric population? J Clin Virol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.07.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cardot-Martin E, Casalegno JS, Badiou C, Dauwalder O, Keller D, Prévost G, Rieg S, Kern WV, Cuerq C, Etienne J, Vandenesch F, Lina G, Dumitrescu O. α-Defensins partially protect human neutrophils against Panton-Valentine leukocidin produced by Staphylococcus aureus. Lett Appl Microbiol 2015; 61:158-64. [PMID: 25963798 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED α-Defensins produced by neutrophils are important effector molecules of the innate immune system. In addition to their microbicidal effects, α-defensins have the ability to neutralize bacterial toxins. Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is the hallmark of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus that produce PVL are responsible for severe diseases, including necrotizing pneumonia. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are the target cells of PVL action. The goal of this study was to elucidate the effect of a group of α-defensins known as the human neutrophil peptides (HNPs) on the interactions between LukS-PV and LukF-PV, which compose PVL, and human PMNs. We observed that HNPs bound to both subunits of PVL and significantly decreased PVL pore formation in PMNs, with a maximum inhibition of 27%. When various HNP molecules were tested individually under the same conditions, we observed that HNP3, but not HNP1 or 2, decreased pore formation. Similarly, HNP3 significantly decreased PVL-induced PMN lysis, with a maximum inhibition of 31%. Interestingly, HNPs did not affect LukS-PV LukF-PV oligomerization, LukS-PV LukF-PV binding to PMNs or calcium influx induced by PVL in PMNs. Our results suggest that HNP3 partially protects neutrophils against PVL by interfering with the conformational changes of PVL required to form a functional pore. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a pore-forming toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus, responsible for neutrophil damage and key player of severe staphylococcal diseases. Antimicrobial peptides produced by neutrophils (HNP1-3) neutralize several other bacterial cytotoxins. We examined the impact of human neutrophil peptides (HNPs) on PVL cytotoxicity against human neutrophils and we found that HNPs bind to both LukS and LukF components of PVL, thereby inhibiting pore formation and neutrophil lysis. Our results suggest that HNP3 may impair PVL conformational changes required to form a functional pore and provide insight into the pathogenesis of PVL-related staphylococcal infection, with potential impact on the disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cardot-Martin
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - C Badiou
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - O Dauwalder
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - D Keller
- Department of Microbiology, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - G Prévost
- Department of Microbiology, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - S Rieg
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Travel Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - W V Kern
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Travel Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - C Cuerq
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Sud, Lyon, France
| | - J Etienne
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - F Vandenesch
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - G Lina
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - O Dumitrescu
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Dauwalder O, Vandenesch F. Clinical microbiology laboratory: from the Pasteur model to the 24/7 clinical chemistry concept. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20:O593-4. [PMID: 24867653 DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O Dauwalder
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France; CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Lyon, France; Inserm, U1111, Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France; UMR5308, Lyon, France; Ecole Normale Supérieure, Lyon, France
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Terman DS, Serier A, Dauwalder O, Badiou C, Dutour A, Thomas D, Brun V, Bienvenu J, Etienne J, Vandenesch F, Lina G. Staphylococcal entertotoxins of the enterotoxin gene cluster (egcSEs) induce nitrous oxide- and cytokine dependent tumor cell apoptosis in a broad panel of human tumor cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2013; 3:38. [PMID: 23964349 PMCID: PMC3741464 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2013.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The egcSEs comprise five genetically linked staphylococcal enterotoxins, SEG, SEI, SElM, SElN, and SElO and two pseudotoxins which constitute an operon present in up to 80% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates. A preparation containing these proteins was recently used to treat advanced lung cancer with pleural effusion. We investigated the hypothesis that egcSEs induce nitrous oxide (NO) and associated cytokine production and that these agents may be involved in tumoricidal effects against a broad panel of clinically relevant human tumor cells. Preliminary studies showed that egcSEs and SEA activated T cells (range: 11-25%) in a concentration dependent manner. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with equimolar quantities of egcSEs expressed NO synthase and generated robust levels of nitrite (range: 200-250 μM), a breakdown product of NO; this reaction was inhibited by NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) (0.3 mM), an NO synthase antagonist. Cell free supernatants (CSFs) of all egcSE-stimulated PBMCs were also equally effective in inducing concentration dependent tumor cell apoptosis in a broad panel of human tumor cells. The latter effect was due in part to the generation of NO and TNF-α since it was significantly abolished by L-NMMA, anti-TNF-α antibodies, respectively, and a combination thereof. A hierarchy of tumor cell sensitivity to these CFSs was as follows: lung carcinoma > osteogenic sarcoma > melanoma > breast carcinoma >neuroblastoma. Notably, SEG induced robust activation of NO/TNFα-dependent tumor cell apoptosis comparable to the other egcSEs and SEA despite TNF-α and IFN-γ levels that were 2 and 8 fold lower, respectively, than the other egcSEs and SEA. Thus, egcSEs produced by S. aureus induce NO synthase and the increased NO formation together with TNF-α appear to contribute to egcSE-mediated apoptosis against a broad panel of human tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Terman
- Molecular Genetics Program, Jenomic Research InstituteCarmel, CA, USA
| | - A. Serier
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, LabEx Ecofect, Université Lyon1, Inserm U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR5308Lyon, France
| | - O. Dauwalder
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, LabEx Ecofect, Université Lyon1, Inserm U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR5308Lyon, France
- Centre National de Références des Staphylocoques, Hospices Civils de LyonBron, France
| | - C. Badiou
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, LabEx Ecofect, Université Lyon1, Inserm U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR5308Lyon, France
| | - A. Dutour
- Unité INSERM U590 équipe Cytokines et Cancer, Centre Léon BérardLyon, France
| | - D. Thomas
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, LabEx Ecofect, Université Lyon1, Inserm U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR5308Lyon, France
| | - V. Brun
- Laboratoire d'Etude de la Dynamique des Protéomes, U880 CEA/DSV/iRTSV/INSERM/UJFGrenoble Cedex, France
| | - J. Bienvenu
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Chemin du Grand RevoyetPierre Benite, France
| | - J. Etienne
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, LabEx Ecofect, Université Lyon1, Inserm U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR5308Lyon, France
- Centre National de Références des Staphylocoques, Hospices Civils de LyonBron, France
| | - F. Vandenesch
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, LabEx Ecofect, Université Lyon1, Inserm U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR5308Lyon, France
- Centre National de Références des Staphylocoques, Hospices Civils de LyonBron, France
| | - G. Lina
- CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, LabEx Ecofect, Université Lyon1, Inserm U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR5308Lyon, France
- Centre National de Références des Staphylocoques, Hospices Civils de LyonBron, France
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Lamand V, Dauwalder O, Tristan A, Casalegno JS, Meugnier H, Bes M, Dumitrescu O, Croze M, Vandenesch F, Etienne J, Lina G. Epidemiological data of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in France from 1997 to 2007 and microbiological characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus associated strains. Clin Microbiol Infect 2012; 18:E514-21. [PMID: 23078129 DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological data on staphylococcal scalded skin syndromes (SSSS), including bullous impetigo (BI) and generalized exfoliative syndrome (GES), are scarce. To better characterize SSSS and associated Staphylococcus aureus strains, we conducted a retrospective study of 349 cases collected in France between 1997 and 2007 by the National Reference Centre of Staphylococci. Our results showed a stationary evolution of SSSS cases, with a heterogeneous distribution of cases in France. Although notification was not exhaustive, we estimated an incidence of 0.56 cases/year/million inhabitants, in accordance with previous studies conducted in France and Europe, with a median age of 2 years old and sex ratios of 1. A seasonal effect was observed, with a higher GES/BI ratio in autumn compared with other seasons, which could be explained by the impact of viral co-infection. Genetic analysis of S. aureus strains showed that accessory gene regulator (agr) 4, exfoliative toxin A (eta) and B (etb) genes, staphylococcal and enterotoxin-like O (selo) gene and agr4 etb selo profiles were predominantly associated with GES, whereas agr2 eta and agr4 eta selo were more frequently observed with BI. Only one methicillin-resistant strain was found. Protein A (spa) typing identified two main genotypes: spa clonal complex (CC) 159/sequence-type (ST) 121 (75%) and spaCC346/ST15 (18%). spaCC159 was mainly associated with agr4 eta etb selo, agr4 eta selo and agr4 etb selo, and spaCC346 was mainly associated with agr2 eta, suggesting that French SSSS cases are caused by these two main lineages. However, in a multivariate analysis, only etb was independently associated with GES.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Lamand
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Pierre Bénite, France
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Antri K, Rouzic N, Dauwalder O, Boubekri I, Bes M, Lina G, Vandenesch F, Tazir M, Ramdani-Bouguessa N, Etienne J. High prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clone ST80-IV in hospital and community settings in Algiers. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17:526-32. [PMID: 20518793 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03273.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
USA300 is an epidemic community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (C-MRSA) clone in the USA, whereas the European C-MRSA clone ST80-IV has mainly a sporadic diffusion in Europe. The prevalence of European clone ST80-IV in Algeria is poorly documented. We prospectively studied S. aureus infections at Mustapha Bacha hospital in Algiers over a 20-month period. S. aureus nasal colonization was studied during a further 6-month period. The European clone ST80-IV was responsible for more than one-third of both community infections (35.7%) and hospital infections (35.8%). Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive MRSA isolated from hospital inpatients were resistant to multiple antibiotics, including fluoroquinolones in 44.9% of cases. The PVL-positive MRSA nasal carriage rate was high among patients and staff in the dermatology unit (8.7% and 18.5%, respectively), but low (2.7%) among patients attending the outpatient clinic. The European PVL-positive C-MRSA clone ST80-IV is widespread in the Algiers hospital and community settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Antri
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Mustapha Bacha, Algiers, Algeria Université Lyon 1, Lyon Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
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Gillet Y, Dumitrescu O, Tristan A, Dauwalder O, Javouhey E, Floret D, Vandenesch F, Etienne J, Lina G. Pragmatic management of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-associated staphylococcal diseases. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2011; 38:457-64. [PMID: 21733661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-producing Staphylococcus aureus is associated with a broad spectrum of diseases, ranging from common uncomplicated soft tissue infections to severe diseases such as complicated soft tissue infections, extensive bone and joint infections, and necrotising pneumonia. Specialised management of infection based on the presence of PVL may not be required for mild infections, whereas it could be lifesaving in other settings. Moreover, most severe PVL diseases are recently identified entities and a 'gold standard' treatment from comparatives studies of different therapeutic options is lacking. Thus, recommendations are based on expert opinions, which are elaborated based on theory, in vitro data and analogies with other toxin-mediated diseases. In this review, we consider the potential need for specialised PVL-based management and, if required, which tools should be used to achieve optimal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gillet
- Division of Pediatric Intensive Care, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Bron, France
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Antri K, Rouzic N, Boubekri I, Dauwalder O, Beloufa A, Ziane H, Djennane F, Neggazi M, Benhabyles B, Bes M, Tazir M, Étienne J, Ramdani-Bouguessa N. Forte prévalence des infections communautaires et nosocomiales à Staphylococus aureus résistant à la méticilline et portant le gène de la leucocidine de Panton-Valentine dans l’Algérois. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 58:e15-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2009.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Accepted: 07/12/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Croze M, Dauwalder O, Dumitrescu O, Badiou C, Gillet Y, Genestier AL, Vandenesch F, Etienne J, Lina G. Serum antibodies against Panton-Valentine leukocidin in a normal population and during Staphylococcus aureus infection. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009; 15:144-8. [PMID: 19154491 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02650.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether Staphylococcus aureus Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is expressed during human infection, anti-PVL antibody titres were compared in patients with PVL-positive and PVL-negative staphylococcal infections, and in patients with no evidence of S. aureus infection. Patients with PVL-positive strains had higher levels of anti-PVL antibodies than individuals of both control groups. The median anti-PVL titre increased 8.6-fold during the course of PVL-positive infection and 1.4-fold during PVL-negative infection. These results indicate that only PVL-positive S. aureus strains elicit significant anti-PVL antibody production in humans, and demonstrate the production of PVL during PVL-positive S. aureus infection. The protective role of this immune response remains to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Croze
- Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, INSERM U851, IFR128 Laennec, Université Lyon 1, Lyon
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18
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Thomas D, Perpoint T, Dauwalder O, Lina G, Floccard B, Richard JC, Bouvet A, Peyramond D, Allaouchiche B, Chidiac C, Vandenesch F, Etienne J, Ferry T. In vivo and in vitro detection of a superantigenic toxin Vbeta signature in two forms of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2008; 28:671-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-008-0671-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 10/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Occelli P, Blanie M, Sanchez R, Vigier D, Dauwalder O, Darwiche A, Provenzano B, Dumartin C, Parneix P, Venier AG. Outbreak of staphylococcal bullous impetigo in a maternity ward linked to an asymptomatic healthcare worker. J Hosp Infect 2007; 67:264-70. [PMID: 17945394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2007.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2007] [Accepted: 08/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An outbreak of staphylococcal bullous impetigo occurred over a period of five months in a maternity ward involving seven infected and two colonised neonates. The skin lesions were due to epidermolytic toxin A-producing Staphylococcus aureus. Infection control measures were implemented and a retrospective case-control study performed. Contact with an auxiliary nurse was the only risk factor for cases of bullous impetigo (P<0.01). The nurse cared for all seven cases and was an asymptomatic nasal carrier of the epidemic strain. Repeated courses of decontamination treatment failed to eradicate carriage. Nine months after the last case, another neonate developed a more severe form of bullous impetigo and the auxiliary nurse was reassigned to an adult ward.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Occelli
- Centre de Coordination de la Lutte contre les Infections Nosocomiales du Sud-Ouest, CHU, Bordeaux cedex, France
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20
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Lopez J, Dauwalder O, Joly P, Dimet I, Bienvenu J, Bernon H. [Interest and limit of a free light chain immunoassay in serum and urine for the diagnosis and the follow-up of monoclonal dysglobulinemia]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2006; 64:287-97. [PMID: 16698567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2005] [Accepted: 02/27/2006] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to define the interest and the limits of free light chain (FLC) determination in serum and urine for the investigation of monoclonal gammopathies. Based on the study of nine typical cases extracted from laboratory practice, the authors demonstrate the interest of this determination for the diagnosis and the monitoring of FLC and non secretory myelomas. This test is also useful for the evaluation of response to chemotherapy and the early detection of relapses in intact immunoglobulin multiple myelomas. These results are discussed in the light of the literature with a special emphasis on AL amyloidosis and monoclonal gammapathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Finally the authors underline some limitations leading to an overestimation of the results in certain patients together with the difficulty to interpret data when a renal damage is associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lopez
- Laboratoire d'immunologie, Centre hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite
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