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Cosgrove C, Rajendron S, Houghton O, Lee J. A RARE CASE OF MULTILOCULAR PERITONEAL INCLUSION CYST IN A MALE PATIENT. Ulster Med J 2021; 90:198-200. [PMID: 34815605 PMCID: PMC8581685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Cosgrove
- Surgical Registrar, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust,Correspondence to: Miss Charlotte Cosgrove.
| | - Simon Rajendron
- Histopathology Registrar, Institute of Pathology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast
| | - Oisín Houghton
- Consultant Pathologist, Institute of Pathology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast
| | - Jack Lee
- Consultant Colorectal Surgeon, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust
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McConnell L, Houghton O, Stewart P, Gazdova J, Srivastava S, Kim C, Catherwood M, Strobl A, Flanagan AM, Oniscu A, Kroeze LI, Groenen P, Taniere P, Salto-Tellez M, Gonzalez D. A novel next generation sequencing approach to improve sarcoma diagnosis. Mod Pathol 2020; 33:1350-1359. [PMID: 32047232 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-020-0488-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sarcoma is a rare disease affecting both bone and connective tissue and with over 100 pathologic entities, differential diagnosis can be difficult. Complementing immune-histological diagnosis with current ancillary diagnostic techniques, including FISH and RT-PCR, can lead to inconclusive results in a significant number of cases. We describe here the design and validation of a novel sequencing tool to improve sarcoma diagnosis. A NGS DNA capture panel containing probes for 87 fusion genes and 7 genes with frequent copy number changes was designed and optimized. A cohort of 113 DNA samples extracted from soft-tissue and bone sarcoma FFPE material with clinical FISH and/or RT-PCR results positive for either a translocation or gene amplification was used for validation of the NGS method. Sarcoma-specific translocations or gene amplifications were confirmed in 110 out of 113 cases using FISH and/or RT-PCR as gold-standard. MDM2/CDK4 amplification and a total of 25 distinct fusion genes were identified in this cohort of patients using the NGS approach. Overall, the sensitivity of the NGS panel is 97% with a specificity of 100 and 0% failure rate. Targeted NGS appears to be a feasible and cost-effective approach to improve sarcoma subtype diagnosis with the ability to screen for a wide range of genetic aberrations in one test.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oisín Houghton
- Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, BT9 7AB, UK
| | - Peter Stewart
- CCRCB, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Jana Gazdova
- CCRCB, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
| | | | - Chang Kim
- CCRCB, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
| | | | - Anna Strobl
- Royal National Orthopedic Hospital Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7 4LP, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Adrienne M Flanagan
- Royal National Orthopedic Hospital Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7 4LP, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Anca Oniscu
- Pathology Department at the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Leonie I Kroeze
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Groenen
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Taniere
- Pathology Department at Queen's Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - Manuel Salto-Tellez
- CCRCB, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
- Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, BT9 7AB, UK
| | - David Gonzalez
- CCRCB, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK.
- Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, BT9 7AB, UK.
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Mc Connell L, Houghton O, Catherwood M, Gazdova J, Stewart P, Oniscu A, Groenen P, Kroeze L, Taniere P, Flanagan A, Stobl A, Salto-Tellez M, De Castro DG. Clinical validation of a novel assay for the detection of diagnostic alterations in sarcomas. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz283.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
This case report describes a Mullerian serous adenocarcinoma arising within a multoloculated cyst lined by ciliated serous-type epithelium located in the sigmoid mesentery. Twenty years previously the patient underwent a hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and omentectomy. The ovaries contained bilateral serous cystadenofibromas, and multiple cysts lined by ciliated serous-type epithelium were present in the omentum. The resection specimen 20 years later contained a 14 cm multiloculated cyst located in the sigmoid mesentery. This was lined largely by benign ciliated serous-type epithelium but a focus of well differentiated serous adenocarcinoma projected into the lumen. Two further peritoneal cysts were present, both of which were lined by ciliated serous-type epithelium. There was a coincidental renal cell carcinoma. This is a unique case of multiple omental, peritoneal, and retroperitoneal cysts (classified as cystic endosalpingiosis), one of which developed a focus of serous adenocarcinoma. Although rarely serous adenocarcinomas, similar to those occurring within the ovary, arise in the retroperitoneum, this is the first reported occurrence in association with a pre-existing benign lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A McCoubrey
- Department of Surgery, Ulster Hospital, Dundonald BT16 ORH, Northern Ireland
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Greene EL, Houghton O, Collinsworth G, Garnovskaya MN, Nagai T, Sajjad T, Bheemanathini V, Grewal JS, Paul RV, Raymond JR. 5-HT(2A) receptors stimulate mitogen-activated protein kinase via H(2)O(2) generation in rat renal mesangial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2000; 278:F650-8. [PMID: 10751227 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.2000.278.4.f650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) stimulates mitogenesis in rat renal mesangial cells through a G protein-coupled 5-HT(2A) receptor. We tested the hypothesis that oxidants might be involved in the signal transduction pathway linking the receptor to extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK). 5-HT rapidly increased the activity and phosphorylation of ERK. These effects were blocked by the 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist ketanserin. The peak effect was noted at 5-10 min, and half-maximal stimulation was achieved at 10-30 nM 5-HT. Chemical inhibitor and activator studies supported the involvement of phospholipase C, protein kinase C (PKC), and reactive oxygen species (ROS, i.e., H(2)O(2) and superoxide) generated by an NAD(P)H oxidase-like enzyme in the ERK activation cascade. Mapping studies supported a location for the NAD(P)H oxidase enzyme and the ROS downstream from PKC. Our studies are most consistent with an ERK activation pathway as follows: 5-HT(2A) receptor --> G(q) protein --> phospholipase C --> diacylglycerol --> classical PKC --> NAD(P)H oxidase --> superoxide --> superoxide dismutase --> H(2)O(2) --> mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase --> ERK. These studies demonstrate a role for the 5-HT(2A) receptor in rapid, potent, and efficacious activation of ERK in rat renal mesangial cells. They support a role for oxidants in conveying the stimulatory signal from 5-HT, because 1) chemical antioxidants attenuate the 5-HT signal, 2) oxidants and 5-HT selectively activate ERK to a similar degree, 3) 5-HT produces superoxide and H(2)O(2) in these cells, and 4) a specific enzyme [NAD(P)H oxidase] has been implicated as the source of the ROS, which react selectively downstream of classical PKC.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Greene
- Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, and Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA.
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Chen R, Greene EL, Collinsworth G, Grewal JS, Houghton O, Zeng H, Garnovskaya M, Paul RV, Raymond JR. Enrichment of transiently transfected mesangial cells by cell sorting after cotransfection with GFP. Am J Physiol 1999; 276:F777-85. [PMID: 10330060 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.1999.276.5.f777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Early passage mesangial cells, like many other nonimmortalized cultured cells, can be difficult to transfect. We devised a simple method to improve the efficiency of transient protein expression under the transcriptional control of promoters in conventional plasmid vectors in rat mesangial cells. We used a vector encoding modified green fluorescent protein (GFP) and sterile fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to select a population consisting of >90% GFP-expressing cells from passaged nonimmortalized cultures transfected at much lower efficiency. Only 10% transfection efficiency was noted with a beta-galactosidase expression vector alone, but cotransfection with GFP followed by FACS and replating of GFP+ cells yielded greater than fivefold enrichment of cells with detectable beta-galactosidase activity. To demonstrate the expression of a properly oriented and processed membrane protein, we cotransfected GFP with a natriuretic peptide clearance receptor (NPR-C) expression vector. Plasmid-dependent cell surface NPR-C density was enhanced by 89% after FACS, though expression remained lower in selected mesangial cells than in the CHO cell line transfected with the same vector. We conclude that cotransfection of rat mesangial cells with GFP, followed by FACS, results in improvement in transient transfection efficiencies to levels that should suffice for many applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Chen
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina and the Medical and Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
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