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Cui Z, Li Y, Tsyusko OV, Wang J, Unrine JM, Wei G, Chen C. Metal-Organic Framework-Enabled Sustainable Agrotechnologies: An Overview of Fundamentals and Agricultural Applications. J Agric Food Chem 2024. [PMID: 38600745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
With aggravated abiotic and biotic stresses from increasing climate change, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as versatile toolboxes for developing environmentally friendly agrotechnologies aligned with agricultural practices and safety. Herein, we have explored MOF-based agrotechnologies, focusing on their intrinsic properties, such as structural and catalytic characteristics. Briefly, MOFs possess a sponge-like porous structure that can be easily stimulated by the external environment, facilitating the controlled release of agrochemicals, thus enabling precise delivery of agrochemicals. Additionally, MOFs offer the ability to remove or degrade certain pollutants by capturing them within their pores, facilitating the development of MOF-based remediation technologies for agricultural environments. Furthermore, the metal-organic hybrid nature of MOFs grants them abundant catalytic activities, encompassing photocatalysis, enzyme-mimicking catalysis, and electrocatalysis, allowing for the integration of MOFs into degradation and sensing agrotechnologies. Finally, the future challenges that MOFs face in agrotechnologies were proposed to promote the development of sustainable agriculture practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowen Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuechun Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Olga V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Jianlong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jason M Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Gehong Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
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Liu L, Tsyusko OV, Unrine JM, Liu S, Liu Y, Guo L, Wei G, Chen C. Pristine and Sulfidized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Promote the Release and Decomposition of Organic Carbon in the Legume Rhizosphere. Environ Sci Technol 2023. [PMID: 37285309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects and mechanisms of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and their aging products, sulfidized (s-) ZnO NPs, on the carbon cycling in the legume rhizosphere are still unclear. We observed that, after 30 days of cultivation, in the rhizosphere soil of Medicago truncatula, under ZnO NP and s-ZnO NP treatments, the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations were significantly increased by 1.8- to 2.4-fold compared to Zn2+ treatments, although the soil organic matter (SOM) contents did not change significantly. Compared to Zn2+ additions, the additions of NPs significantly induced the production of root metabolites such as carboxylic acids and amino acids and also stimulated the growth of microbes involved in the degradations of plant-derived and recalcitrant SOM, such as bacteria genera RB41 and Bryobacter, and fungi genus Conocybe. The bacterial co-occurrence networks indicated that microbes associated with SOM formation and decomposition were significantly increased under NP treatments. The adsorption of NPs by roots, the generation of root metabolites (e.g., carboxylic acid and amino acid), and enrichment of key taxa (e.g., RB41 and Gaiella) were the major mechanisms by which ZnO NPs and s-ZnO NPs drove DOC release and SOM decomposition in the rhizosphere. These results provide new perspectives on the effect of ZnO NPs on agroecosystem functions in soil-plant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Olga V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Jason M Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Shuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yidan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lulu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Gehong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Padhye LP, Jasemizad T, Bolan S, Tsyusko OV, Unrine JM, Biswal BK, Balasubramanian R, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Zhao J, Li Y, Rinklebe J, Wang H, Siddique KHM, Bolan N. Silver contamination and its toxicity and risk management in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Sci Total Environ 2023; 871:161926. [PMID: 36739022 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Silver (Ag), a naturally occurring, rare and precious metal, is found in major minerals such as cerargyrite (AgCl), pyrargyrite (Ag3SbS3), proustite (Ag3AsS3), and stephanite (Ag5SbS4). From these minerals, Ag is released into soil and water through the weathering of rocks and mining activities. Silver also enters the environment by manufacturing and using Ag compounds in electroplating and photography, catalysts, medical devices, and batteries. With >400 t of Ag NPs produced yearly, Ag NPs have become a rapidly growing source of anthropogenic Ag input in the environment. In soils and natural waters, most Ag is sorbed to soil particles and sediments and precipitated as oxides, carbonates, sulphides, chlorides and hydroxides. Silver and its compounds are toxic, and humans and other animals are exposed to Ag through inhalation of air and the consumption of Ag-contaminated food and drinking water. Remediation of Ag-contaminated soil and water sources can be achieved through immobilization and mobilization processes. Immobilization of Ag in soil and groundwater reduces the bioavailability and mobility of Ag, while mobilization of Ag in the soil can facilitate its removal. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the sources, geochemistry, health hazards, remediation practices and regulatory mandates of Ag contamination in complex environmental settings, including soil and aquatic ecosystems. Knowledge gaps and future research priorities in the sustainable management of Ag contamination in these settings are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh P Padhye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Tahereh Jasemizad
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Shiv Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Olga V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Jason M Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA; Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Basanta Kumar Biswal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | | | - Yingyu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
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Cochran JP, Unrine JM, Coyne M, Tsyusko OV. Multiple stressor effects on a model soil nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans: Combined effects of the pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae and zinc oxide nanoparticles. Sci Total Environ 2023; 865:161307. [PMID: 36596421 PMCID: PMC9896629 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Research utilizing the model soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has revealed that agriculturally relevant nanoparticles (NP), such as zinc oxide NP (ZnONP), cause toxicity at low concentrations and disrupt molecular pathways of pathogen resistance. However, in most nanotoxicity assessments, model organisms are exposed to a single stressor but in nature organisms are affected by multiple sources of stress, including infections, which might exacerbate or mitigate negative effects of NP exposure. Thus, to expand our understanding of the environmental consequences of released NP, this project examined the synergistic/antagonistic effects of ZnONP on C. elegans infected with a common pathogen, Klebsiella pneumoniae. Individual exposures of C. elegans to ZnONP, zinc sulfate (Zn2+ ions) or K. pneumoniae significantly decreased nematode reproduction compared to controls. To assess the combined stress of ZnONP and K. pneumoniae, C. elegans were exposed to equitoxic EC30 concentrations of ZnONP (or Zn ions) and K. pneumoniae. After the combined exposure there was no decrease in reproduction. This complete elimination of reproductive toxicity was unexpected because exposures were conducted at EC30 Zn concentrations and reproductive toxicity due to Zn should have occurred. Amelioration of the pathogen effects by Zn are partially explained by the Zn impact on the K. pneumoniae biofilm. Quantitative assessments showed that external biofilm production and estimated colony forming units (CFU) of K. pneumoniae within the nematodes were significantly decreased. Taken together, our results suggest that during the combined exposure of C. elegans to both stressors Zn in ionic or particulate form inhibits K. pneumoniae ability to colonize nematode's intestine through decreasing pathogen biofilm formation. This highlights the unpredictable nature of combined stressor effects, calling into question the utility of exposures in simplified laboratory media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarad P Cochran
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jason M Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Mark Coyne
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Olga V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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5
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McCourt KM, Cochran J, Abdelbasir SM, Carraway ER, Tzeng TRJ, Tsyusko OV, Vanegas DC. Potential Environmental and Health Implications from the Scaled-Up Production and Disposal of Nanomaterials Used in Biosensors. Biosensors (Basel) 2022; 12:1082. [PMID: 36551049 PMCID: PMC9775545 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors often combine biological recognition elements with nanomaterials of varying compositions and dimensions to facilitate or enhance the operating mechanism of the device. While incorporating nanomaterials is beneficial to developing high-performance biosensors, at the stages of scale-up and disposal, it may lead to the unmanaged release of toxic nanomaterials. Here we attempt to foster connections between the domains of biosensors development and human and environmental toxicology to encourage a holistic approach to the development and scale-up of biosensors. We begin by exploring the toxicity of nanomaterials commonly used in biosensor design. From our analysis, we introduce five factors with a role in nanotoxicity that should be considered at the biosensor development stages to better manage toxicity. Finally, we contextualize the discussion by presenting the relevant stages and routes of exposure in the biosensor life cycle. Our review found little consensus on how the factors presented govern nanomaterial toxicity, especially in composite and alloyed nanomaterials. To bridge the current gap in understanding and mitigate the risks of uncontrolled nanomaterial release, we advocate for greater collaboration through a precautionary One Health approach to future development and a movement towards a circular approach to biosensor use and disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli M. McCourt
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Global Alliance for Rapid Diagnostics (GARD), Michigan State University, East Lancing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jarad Cochran
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Sabah M. Abdelbasir
- Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, P.O. Box 87, Helwan 11421, Egypt
| | - Elizabeth R. Carraway
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Tzuen-Rong J. Tzeng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Olga V. Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Diana C. Vanegas
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Global Alliance for Rapid Diagnostics (GARD), Michigan State University, East Lancing, MI 48824, USA
- Interdisciplinary Group for Biotechnology Innovation and Ecosocial Change (BioNovo), Universidad del Valle, Cali 76001, Colombia
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6
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Chen C, Unrine JM, Hu Y, Guo L, Tsyusko OV, Fan Z, Liu S, Wei G. Responses of soil bacteria and fungal communities to pristine and sulfidized zinc oxide nanoparticles relative to Zn ions. J Hazard Mater 2021; 405:124258. [PMID: 33153791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are attracting much interest due to their potential toxicity and ubiquity in consumer products. However, understanding of pristine and transformed ZnO NPs impact on soil microbial communities is still limited. Here, we explored changes in the microbial communities of soils treated with pristine and sulfidized ZnO NPs (s-ZnO NPs), and their corresponding Zn ions (ZnSO4) for 30 and 90 days exposures at 100 and 500 mg Zn kg-1. The similarity in bacterial community responses was observed between ZnO NPs and s-ZnO NPs, and these Zn treatments significantly affected the bacterial communities at 90 days, which exhibited distinct patterns compared to ZnSO4. The single-time tested DTPA and H2O extractable Zn ions could not fully explain the observed ZnO NPs and s-ZnO NPs impact on bacterial communities. The two most dominant phylum Nitrospirae and Actinobacteria, associated with the reduction of NH4+-N and dissolved organic carbon, demonstrated significant changes in soils exposed to ZnO NPs and s-ZnO NPs. This suggests the potential long-term impact of transformed ZnO NPs on soil carbon and nitrogen cycling. For fungal communities, we did not find the distinct response patterns of fungal communities between nanoparticulate and ionic Zn exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Jason M Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Yingwei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Lulu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Olga V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Zhen Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Gehong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Eke J, Banks L, Mottaleb MA, Morris AJ, Tsyusko OV, Escobar IC. Dual-Functional Phosphorene Nanocomposite Membranes for the Treatment of Perfluorinated Water: An Investigation of Perfluorooctanoic Acid Removal via Filtration Combined with Ultraviolet Irradiation or Oxygenation. Membranes (Basel) 2020; 11:membranes11010018. [PMID: 33375603 PMCID: PMC7824437 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials with tunable properties show promise because of their size-dependent electronic structure and controllable physical properties. The purpose of this research was to develop and validate environmentally safe nanomaterial-based approach for treatment of drinking water including removal and degradation of per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFAS). PFAS are surfactant chemicals with broad uses that are now recognized as contaminants with a significant risk to human health. They are commonly used in household and industrial products. They are extremely persistent in the environment because they possess both hydrophobic fluorine-saturated carbon chains and hydrophilic functional groups, along with being oleophobic. Traditional drinking water treatment technologies are usually ineffective for the removal of PFAS from contaminated waters, because they are normally present in exiguous concentrations and have unique properties that make them persistent. Therefore, there is a critical need for safe and efficient remediation methods for PFAS, particularly in drinking water. The proposed novel approach has also a potential application for decreasing PFAS background levels in analytical systems. In this study, nanocomposite membranes composed of sulfonated poly ether ether ketone (SPEEK) and two-dimensional phosphorene were fabricated, and they obtained on average 99% rejection of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) alongside with a 99% removal from the PFOA that accumulated on surface of the membrane. The removal of PFOA accumulated on the membrane surface achieved 99% after the membranes were treated with ultraviolet (UV) photolysis and liquid aerobic oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyner Eke
- Center of Membrane Sciences, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, 177 FPAT, Lexington, KY 40506-0046, USA; (J.E.); (L.B.)
| | - Lillian Banks
- Center of Membrane Sciences, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, 177 FPAT, Lexington, KY 40506-0046, USA; (J.E.); (L.B.)
| | - M. Abdul Mottaleb
- College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 177 FPAT, Lexington, KY 40506-0046, USA; (M.A.M.); (A.J.M.)
- Institute of Drug & Biotherapeutic Innovation, Saint Louis University, 1100 South Grand Blvd, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Andrew J. Morris
- College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 177 FPAT, Lexington, KY 40506-0046, USA; (M.A.M.); (A.J.M.)
| | - Olga V. Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA;
| | - Isabel C. Escobar
- Center of Membrane Sciences, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, 177 FPAT, Lexington, KY 40506-0046, USA; (J.E.); (L.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Lichtenberg SS, Laisney J, Elhaj Baddar Z, Tsyusko OV, Palli SR, Levard C, Masion A, Unrine JM. Comparison of Nanomaterials for Delivery of Double-Stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:7926-7934. [PMID: 32610013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference is a promising crop protection technology that has seen rapid development in the past several years. Here, we investigated polyamino acid biopolymers, inorganic nanomaterials, and hybrid organic-inorganic nanomaterials for delivery of dsRNA and efficacy of gene knockdown using the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Using an oral route of delivery, we are able to approximate how nanomaterials will be delivered in the environment. Of the materials investigated, only Mg-Al layered double-hydroxide nanoparticles were effective at gene knockdown in C. elegans, reducing marker gene expression to 66.8% of that of the control at the lowest tested concentration. In addition, we identified previously unreported injuries to the mouthparts of C. elegans associated with the use of a common cell-penetrating peptide, poly-l-arginine. Our results will allow the pursuit of further research into promising materials for dsRNA delivery and also allow for the exclusion of those with little efficacy or deleterious effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart S Lichtenberg
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Jerome Laisney
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Zeinah Elhaj Baddar
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Olga V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Subba R Palli
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Clement Levard
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Univ., IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, Europole Arbois,check BP 80, Aix en Provence 13545, France
| | - Armand Masion
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Univ., IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, Europole Arbois,check BP 80, Aix en Provence 13545, France
| | - Jason M Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
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Wamucho A, Heffley A, Tsyusko OV. Epigenetic effects induced by silver nanoparticles in Caenorhabditis elegans after multigenerational exposure. Sci Total Environ 2020; 725:138523. [PMID: 32305644 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Multigenerational effects of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) on reproduction of the soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have been observed previously. However, mechanisms of this reproductive sensitivity are unknown. Here we examine whether epigenetic changes occur as a result of multigenerational exposure to Ag-NPs and whether such modifications can be inherited by unexposed generations. Changes at histone methylation markers, histone 3 lysine 4 dimethylation (H3K4me2) and histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3), known to affect reproduction, as well as changes in the expression of the genes encoding demethylases and methyltransferases associated with the selected markers, were investigated. We exposed C. elegans at EC30 to AgNO3, pristine Ag-NPs, and its environmentally transformed product, sulfidized Ag-NPs (sAg-NPs). Histone methylation levels at H3K4me2 increase in response to pristine Ag-NP exposure and did not recover after rescue from the exposure, suggesting transgenerational inheritance. Compared to pristine Ag-NPs, exposure to transformed sAg-NPs significantly decreased H3K4me2 and H3K9me3 levels. These changes in the histone methylation were also supported by expression of spr-5 and jmjd-2 (H3K4me2 and H3K9me3 demethylases, respectively) and set-30 (H3K4me2 methyltransferase). Our study demonstrates that multigenerational exposure to Ag-NPs induces epigenetic changes that are inherited by unexposed offspring. However, environmental transformations of Ag-NPs may also reduce toxicity via epigenetic mechanisms, such as changes at histone methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anye Wamucho
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY 40546, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, 1095 V.A. Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Allison Heffley
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY 40546, USA; Miami University, 501 E. High St., Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Olga V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY 40546, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, 1095 V.A. Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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10
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Wamucho A, Unrine JM, Kieran TJ, Glenn TC, Schultz CL, Farman M, Svendsen C, Spurgeon DJ, Tsyusko OV. Genomic mutations after multigenerational exposure of Caenorhabditis elegans to pristine and sulfidized silver nanoparticles. Environ Pollut 2019; 254:113078. [PMID: 31479814 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study showed heritable reproductive toxicity in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans after multigenerational exposure to AgNO3 and silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs). The aim of this study was to determine whether such inheritable effects are correlated with induced germline mutations in C. elegans. Individual C. elegans lineages were exposed for 10 generations to equitoxic concentrations at EC30 of AgNO3, Ag-NPs, and sulfidized Ag-NPs (sAg-NPs), a predominant environmentally transformed product of pristine Ag-NPs. The mutations were detected via whole genome DNA sequencing approach by comparing F0 and F10 generations. An increase in the total number of variants, though not statistically significant, was observed for all Ag treatments and the variants were mainly contributed by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This potentially contributed towards reproductive as well as growth toxicity shown previously after ten generations of exposure in every Ag treatment. However, despite Ag-NPs and AgNO3 inducing stronger reproductive toxicity than sAg-NPs, exposure to sAg-NPs resulted in higher mutation accumulation with significant increase in the number of transversions. Thus our results suggest that other mechanisms of inheritance, such as epigenetics, may be at play in Ag-NP- and AgNO3-induced multigenerational and transgenerational reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anye Wamucho
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY 40546, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, 1095 V.A. Drive, 306 Health Science Research Building, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jason M Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY 40546, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, 1095 V.A. Drive, 306 Health Science Research Building, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Troy J Kieran
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, 120 Green St., GA 30602-7223, USA
| | - Travis C Glenn
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, 120 Green St., GA 30602-7223, USA
| | - Carolin L Schultz
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh-Gifford, Wallingford, Oxon OX10 8BB, UK; Department of Materials, Oxford University, Begbroke Science Park, Begbroke Hill, Yarnton, Oxford OX5 1PF, UK
| | - Mark Farman
- Department of Plant Pathology, 225 Plant Science Building, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Claus Svendsen
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh-Gifford, Wallingford, Oxon OX10 8BB, UK
| | - David J Spurgeon
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh-Gifford, Wallingford, Oxon OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Olga V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY 40546, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, 1095 V.A. Drive, 306 Health Science Research Building, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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11
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Lichtenberg SS, Tsyusko OV, Palli SR, Unrine JM. Uptake and Bioactivity of Chitosan/Double-Stranded RNA Polyplex Nanoparticles in Caenorhabditis elegans. Environ Sci Technol 2019; 53:3832-3840. [PMID: 30869506 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b06560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated chitosan/dsRNA polyplex nanoparticles as RNAi agents in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. By measurement of an easily observed phenotype and uptake of fluorescently labeled dsRNA, we demonstrate that chitosan/dsRNA polyplex nanoparticles are considerably more effective at gene knockdown on a whole body concentration basis than naked dsRNA. Further, we show that chitosan/dsRNA polyplex nanoparticles introduce dsRNA into cells via a different mechanism than the canonical sid-1 and sid-2 pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is likely the main uptake mechanism. Finally, although largely reported as nontoxic, we have found that chitosan, as either polyplex nanoparticles or alone, is capable of downregulating the expression of myosin. Myosin is a critical component of growth and development in eukaryotes, and we have observed reductions in both growth rate and reproduction in chitosan exposed C. elegans. Given the increased potency, noncanonical uptake, and off-target effects that we identified, these findings highlight the need for a rigorous safety assessment of nano-RNAi products prior to deployment. Specifically, the potential adverse effects of the nanocarrier and its components need to be considered.
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12
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Pérez‐Alquicira J, Weller SG, Domínguez CA, Molina‐Freaner FE, Tsyusko OV. Different patterns of colonization of Oxalis alpina in the Sky Islands of the Sonoran desert via pollen and seed flow. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:5661-5673. [PMID: 29938082 PMCID: PMC6010862 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Historical factors such as climatic oscillations during the Pleistocene epoch have dramatically impacted species distributions. Studies of the patterns of genetic structure in angiosperm species using molecular markers with different modes of inheritance contribute to a better understanding of potential differences in colonization and patterns of gene flow via pollen and seeds. These markers may also provide insights into the evolution of reproductive systems in plants. Oxalis alpina is a tetraploid, herbaceous species inhabiting the Sky Island region of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Our main objective in this study was to analyze the influence of climatic oscillations on the genetic structure of O. alpina and the impact of these oscillations on the evolutionary transition from tristylous to distylous reproductive systems. We used microsatellite markers and compared our results to a previous study using chloroplast genetic markers. The phylogeographic structure inferred by both markers was different, suggesting that intrinsic characteristics including the pollination system and seed dispersal have influenced patterns of gene flow. Microsatellites exhibited low genetic structure, showed no significant association between geographic and genetic distances, and all individual genotypes were assigned to two main groups. In contrast, chloroplast markers exhibited a strong association between geographic and genetic distance, had higher levels of genetic differentiation, and were assigned to five groups. Both types of DNA markers showed evidence of a northward expansion as a consequence of climate warming occurring in the last 10,000 years. The data from both types of markers support the hypothesis for several independent transitions from tristyly to distyly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pérez‐Alquicira
- Departamento de Botánica y ZoologíaCONACYT – Laboratorio Nacional de Identificación y Caracterización VegetalCentro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y AgropecuariasUniversidad de GuadalajaraZapopanMexico
| | - Stephen G. Weller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia
| | - César A. Domínguez
- Departamento de Ecología EvolutivaInstituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Francisco E. Molina‐Freaner
- Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Estación Regional del NoroesteInstituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoHermosilloMéxico
| | - Olga V. Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentucky
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13
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Chen C, Tsyusko OV, McNear DH, Judy J, Lewis RW, Unrine JM. Effects of biosolids from a wastewater treatment plant receiving manufactured nanomaterials on Medicago truncatula and associated soil microbial communities at low nanomaterial concentrations. Sci Total Environ 2017; 609:799-806. [PMID: 28768212 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Concern has grown regarding engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) entering agricultural soils through the application of biosolids and their possible effects on agroecosystems, even though the ENMs are extensively transformed. The effects of exposure to biosolids containing transformation products of these ENMs at low concentrations remain largely unexplored. We examined the responses of Medicago truncatula and its symbiotic rhizobia Sinorhizobium meliloti exposed to soil amended with biosolids from WWTP containing low added concentrations of ENMs (ENM Low), bulk/dissolved metals (bulk/dissolved Low), or no metal additions (control). We targeted adding approximately 5mg/kg of Ag and 50mg/kg of Zn, and Ti. Measured endpoints included M. truncatula growth, nodulation, changes in the expression of stress response genes, uptake of metals (Ag, Zn and Ti) into shoots, and quantification of S. meliloti populations and soil microbial communities. After 30days exposure, no effects on root or shoot biomass were observed in ENM Low and bulk/dissolved Low treatments, whereas both treatments had a larger average number of nodules (5.7 and 5.57, respectively) compared to controls (0.33). There were no significant differences in either total accumulated metal or metal concentrations in shoots among the treatments. Expression of five stress-related genes (metal tolerance protein (MTP), metal transporter (MTR), peroxidase (PEROX), NADPH oxidase (NADPH) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase-like protein (ACC_Oxidase)) was significantly down-regulated in both bulk/dissolved Low and ENM Low treatments. However, a change in soil microbial community composition and a significant increase in total microbial biomass were observed in ENM Low relative to control. The ENM Low treatment had increased abundance of Gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria and reduced abundance of eukaryotes compared to control. The study demonstrated that although there were some subtle shifts in microbial community composition, plant health was minimally impacted by ENMs within the time frame and at the low exposure concentrations used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Arid Region Crop Stress Biology, Northwestern Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Olga V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, United States.
| | - Dave H McNear
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, United States
| | - Jonathan Judy
- Department of Soil and Water Science, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Ricky W Lewis
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, United States
| | - Jason M Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, United States.
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Schultz CL, Wamucho A, Tsyusko OV, Unrine JM, Crossley A, Svendsen C, Spurgeon DJ. Multigenerational exposure to silver ions and silver nanoparticles reveals heightened sensitivity and epigenetic memory in Caenorhabditis elegans. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 283:rspb.2015.2911. [PMID: 27306046 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.2911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects from multigenerational exposures to engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in their pristine and transformed states are currently unknown despite such exposures being an increasingly common scenario in natural environments. Here, we examine how exposure over 10 generations affects the sensitivity of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to pristine and sulfidized Ag ENPs and AgNO3 We also include populations that were initially exposed over six generations but kept unexposed for subsequent four generations to allow recovery from exposure. Toxicity of the different silver forms decreased in the order AgNO3, Ag ENPs and Ag2S ENPs. Continuous exposure to Ag ENPs and AgNO3 caused pronounced sensitization (approx. 10-fold) in the F2 generation, which was sustained until F10. This sensitization was less pronounced for Ag2S ENP exposures, indicating different toxicity mechanisms. Subtle changes in size and lifespan were also measured. In the recovery populations, the sensitivity to Ag ENPs and AgNO3 resulting from the initial multigenerational exposure persisted. Their response sensitivity for all endpoints was most closely related to the last ancestral exposed generation (F5), rather than unexposed controls. The mechanisms of transgenerational transfer of sensitivity are probably organized through the epigenome, and we encourage others to investigate such effects as a priority for mechanistic toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin L Schultz
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxon OX10 8BB, UK Department of Materials, Oxford University, Begbroke Science Park, Begbroke Hill, Yarnton, Oxford OX5 1PF, UK
| | - Anye Wamucho
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Olga V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Jason M Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Alison Crossley
- Department of Materials, Oxford University, Begbroke Science Park, Begbroke Hill, Yarnton, Oxford OX5 1PF, UK
| | - Claus Svendsen
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxon OX10 8BB, UK
| | - David J Spurgeon
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxon OX10 8BB, UK
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15
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Arndt DA, Oostveen EK, Triplett J, Butterfield DA, Tsyusko OV, Collin B, Starnes DL, Cai J, Klein JB, Nass R, Unrine JM. The role of charge in the toxicity of polymer-coated cerium oxide nanomaterials to Caenorhabditis elegans. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 201:1-10. [PMID: 28888877 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the impact of surface functionalization and charge on ceria nanomaterial toxicity to Caenorhabditis elegans. The examined endpoints included mortality, reproduction, protein expression, and protein oxidation profiles. Caenorhabditis elegans were exposed to identical 2-5nm ceria nanomaterial cores which were coated with cationic (diethylaminoethyl dextran; DEAE), anionic (carboxymethyl dextran; CM), and non-ionic (dextran; DEX) polymers. Mortality and reproductive toxicity of DEAE-CeO2 was approximately two orders of magnitude higher than for CM-CeO2 or DEX-CeO2. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with orbitrap mass spectrometry identification revealed changes in the expression profiles of several mitochondrial-related proteins and proteins that are expressed in the C. elegans intestine. However, each type of CeO2 material exhibited a distinct protein expression profile. Increases in protein carbonyls and protein-bound 3-nitrotyrosine were also observed for some proteins, indicating oxidative and nitrosative damage. Taken together the results indicate that the magnitude of toxicity and toxicity pathways vary greatly due to surface functionalization of CeO2 nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devrah A Arndt
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Emily K Oostveen
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Judy Triplett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Olga V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Blanche Collin
- CNRS, IRD, Coll. France, CEREGE, Aix Marseille Université, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Daniel L Starnes
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Jian Cai
- Center for Proteomics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Jon B Klein
- Center for Proteomics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Richard Nass
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jason M Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
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16
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Starnes DL, Lichtenberg SS, Unrine JM, Starnes CP, Oostveen EK, Lowry GV, Bertsch PM, Tsyusko OV. Distinct transcriptomic responses of Caenorhabditis elegans to pristine and sulfidized silver nanoparticles. Environ Pollut 2016; 213:314-321. [PMID: 26925754 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Manufactured nanoparticles (MNP) rapidly undergo aging processes once released from products. Silver sulfide (Ag2S) is the major transformation product formed during the wastewater treatment process for Ag-MNP. We examined toxicogenomic responses of pristine Ag-MNP, sulfidized Ag-MNP (sAg-MNP), and AgNO3 to a model soil organism, Caenorhabditis elegans. Transcriptomic profiling of nematodes which were exposed at the EC30 for reproduction for AgNO3, Ag-MNP, and sAg-MNP resulted in 571 differentially expressed genes. We independently verified expression of 4 genes (numr-1, rol-8, col-158, and grl-20) using qRT-PCR. Only 11% of differentially expressed genes were common among the three treatments. Gene ontology enrichment analysis also revealed that Ag-MNP and sAg-MNP had distinct toxicity mechanisms and did not share any of the biological processes. The processes most affected by Ag-MNP relate to metabolism, while those processes most affected by sAg-MNP relate to molting and the cuticle, and the most impacted processes for AgNO3 exposed nematodes was stress related. Additionally, as observed from qRT-PCR and mutant experiments, the responses to sAg-MNP were distinct from AgNO3 while some of the effects of pristine MNP were similar to AgNO3, suggesting that effects from Ag-MNP is partially due to dissolved silver ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Starnes
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40546, United States
| | - Stuart S Lichtenberg
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40546, United States; Center for Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), P.O. Box 90287, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0287, United States
| | - Jason M Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40546, United States; Center for Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), P.O. Box 90287, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0287, United States
| | - Catherine P Starnes
- Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, 725 Rose Street, MDS Building 305, Lexington, KY 40536, United States
| | - Emily K Oostveen
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40546, United States
| | - Gregory V Lowry
- Center for Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), P.O. Box 90287, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0287, United States; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Paul M Bertsch
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40546, United States; Center for Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), P.O. Box 90287, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0287, United States; Division of Land and Water, CSIRO, Ecosciences Precinct, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Olga V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1100 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40546, United States; Center for Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), P.O. Box 90287, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0287, United States.
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17
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Weller SG, Sakai AK, Gray T, Weber JJ, Tsyusko OV, Domínguez CA, Fornoni J, Molina-Freaner FE. Variation in heterostylous breeding systems in neighbouring populations of Oxalis alpina (Oxalidaceae). Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2016; 18:104-110. [PMID: 25924801 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The heterostylous reproductive system of Oxalis alpina in the Galiuro Mts. of Arizona was investigated using field surveys, controlled crosses in the greenhouse and measurements of reproductive morphs. Although populations in the Pinaleño Mts. to the immediate east and in the Santa Catalina Mts. to the immediate west have derived distylous reproductive systems, tristyly, the ancestral reproductive system in O. alpina, has been retained in the Galiuro Mts. POPULATION Tristylous incompatibility relationships in the Galiuro population are modified from the ancestral condition, with significant loss of incompatibility differentiation between stamen whorls of both short- and long-styled morphs. Morphological adjustments of anther positions in the Galiuro population of O. alpina match those expected in light of incompatibility modification, with divergence of the mid-level anthers away from the position of the mid stigmas of the mid-styled morph. The occurrence of tristyly in an area of Arizona where distyly is found in adjacent mountain ranges is particularly remarkable, and indicates both the isolation of populations restricted to the upper elevations of these mountain ranges and variation in the tempo of evolution over short geographic distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Weller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - A K Sakai
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - T Gray
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - J J Weber
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - O V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - C A Domínguez
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J Fornoni
- Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Estación Regional del Noroeste, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - F E Molina-Freaner
- Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Estación Regional del Noroeste, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
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18
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Chen C, Unrine JM, Judy JD, Lewis RW, Guo J, McNear DH, Tsyusko OV. Toxicogenomic Responses of the Model Legume Medicago truncatula to Aged Biosolids Containing a Mixture of Nanomaterials (TiO₂, Ag, and ZnO) from a Pilot Wastewater Treatment Plant. Environ Sci Technol 2015; 49:8759-68. [PMID: 26065335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Toxicogenomic responses in Medicago truncatula A17 were monitored following exposure to biosolids-amended soils. Treatments included biosolids produced using a pilot wastewater treatment plant with either no metal introduced into the influent (control); bulk/ionic TiO2, ZnO, and AgNO3 added to influent (bulk/dissolved treatment); or Ag, ZnO, and TiO2 engineered nanomaterials added to influent (ENM treatment) and then added to soil, which was aged in the field for 6 months. In our companion study, we found inhibition of nodulation in the ENM but not in the bulk/dissolved treatment. Gene expression profiling revealed highly distinct profiles with more than 10-fold down-regulation in 239 genes in M. truncatula roots from the ENM treatment, while gene expression patterns were similar between bulk/dissolved and control treatments. In response to ENM exposure, many of the identified biological pathways, gene ontologies, and individual genes are associated with nitrogen metabolism, nodulation, metal homeostasis, and stress responses. Expression levels of nine genes were independently confirmed with qRT-PCR. Exposure to ENMs induced unique shifts in expression profiles and biological pathways compared with bulk/dissolved treatment, despite the lack of difference in bioavailable metal fractions, metal oxidation state, and coordination environment between ENM and bulk/dissolved biosolids. As populations of Sinorhizobium meliloti Rm2011 were similar in bulk/dissolved and ENM treatments, our results suggest that inhibition of nodulation in the ENM treatment was primarily due to phytotoxicity, likely caused by enhanced bioavailability of Zn ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chen
- †Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington Kentucky 40546, United States
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, Unites States
- §Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jason M Unrine
- †Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington Kentucky 40546, United States
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, Unites States
- §Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jonathan D Judy
- †Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington Kentucky 40546, United States
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, Unites States
- §Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- ∥CSIRO Land and Water, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Ricky W Lewis
- †Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington Kentucky 40546, United States
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, Unites States
| | - Jing Guo
- ⊥Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - David H McNear
- †Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington Kentucky 40546, United States
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, Unites States
| | - Olga V Tsyusko
- †Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington Kentucky 40546, United States
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, Unites States
- §Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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19
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Judy JD, McNear DH, Chen C, Lewis RW, Tsyusko OV, Bertsch PM, Rao W, Stegemeier J, Lowry GV, McGrath SP, Durenkamp M, Unrine JM. Nanomaterials in Biosolids Inhibit Nodulation, Shift Microbial Community Composition, and Result in Increased Metal Uptake Relative to Bulk/Dissolved Metals. Environ Sci Technol 2015; 49:8751-8. [PMID: 26061863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effects of amending soil with biosolids produced from a pilot-scale wastewater treatment plant containing a mixture of metal-based engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) on the growth of Medicago truncatula, its symbiosis with Sinorhizobium meliloti, and on soil microbial community structure. Treatments consisted of soils amended with biosolids generated with (1) Ag, ZnO, and TiO2 ENMs introduced into the influent wastewater (ENM biosolids), (2) AgNO3, Zn(SO4)2, and micron-sized TiO2 (dissolved/bulk metal biosolids) introduced into the influent wastewater stream, or (3) no metal added to influent wastewater (control). Soils were amended with biosolids to simulate 20 years of metal loading, which resulted in nominal metal concentrations of 1450, 100, and 2400 mg kg(-1) of Zn, Ag, and Ti, respectively, in the dissolved/bulk and ENM treatments. Tissue Zn concentrations were significantly higher in the plants grown in the ENM treatment (182 mg kg(-1)) compared to those from the bulk treatment (103 mg kg(-1)). Large reductions in nodulation frequency, plant growth, and significant shifts in soil microbial community composition were found for the ENM treatment compared to the bulk/dissolved metal treatment. These results suggest differences in metal bioavailability and toxicity between ENMs and bulk/dissolved metals at concentrations relevant to regulatory limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Judy
- †Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- §Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- ∥CSIRO Land and Water, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - David H McNear
- †Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Chun Chen
- †Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- §Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ricky W Lewis
- †Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Olga V Tsyusko
- †Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- §Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Paul M Bertsch
- †Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- §Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- ⊥CSIRO Land and Water, 41 Boggo Road, Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - William Rao
- †Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - John Stegemeier
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- §Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Gregory V Lowry
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- §Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Steve P McGrath
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- ∇Department of Sustainable Soils and Grassland Systems, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Durenkamp
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- ∇Department of Sustainable Soils and Grassland Systems, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jason M Unrine
- †Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- ‡Transatlantic Initiative for Nanotechnology and the Environment (TINE), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
- §Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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Starnes DL, Unrine JM, Starnes CP, Collin BE, Oostveen EK, Ma R, Lowry GV, Bertsch PM, Tsyusko OV. Impact of sulfidation on the bioavailability and toxicity of silver nanoparticles to Caenorhabditis elegans. Environ Pollut 2015; 196:239-46. [PMID: 25463719 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Sulfidation is a major transformation product for manufactured silver nanoparticles (Ag-MNPs) in the wastewater treatment process.We studied the dissolution, uptake, and toxicity of Ag-MNP and sulfidized Ag-MNPs (sAg-MNPs) to a model soil organism, Caenorhabditis elegans. Our results show that reproduction was the most sensitive endpoint tested for both Ag-MNPs and sAg-MNPs. We also demonstrate that sulfidation not only decreases solubility of Ag-MNP, but also reduces the bioavailability of intact sAg-MNP. The relative contribution of released Ag(+) compared to intact particles to toxicity was concentration dependent. At lower total Ag concentration, a greater proportion of the toxicity could be explained by dissolved Ag, whereas at higher total Ag concentration, the toxicity appeared to be dominated by particle specific effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Starnes
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
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21
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Collin B, Oostveen E, Tsyusko OV, Unrine JM. Influence of natural organic matter and surface charge on the toxicity and bioaccumulation of functionalized ceria nanoparticles in Caenorhabditis elegans. Environ Sci Technol 2014; 48:1280-9. [PMID: 24372151 DOI: 10.1021/es404503c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the role of the CeO2 nanoparticle (NP) surface charge and the presence of natural organic matter (NOM) in determining bioavailability and toxicity to the model soil organism Caenorhabditis elegans. We synthesized CeO2-NPs functionalized with positively charged, negatively charged, and neutral coatings. The positively charged CeO2-NPs were significantly more toxic to C. elegans and bioaccumulated to a greater extent than the neutral and negatively charged CeO2-NPs. Surface charge also affected the oxidation state of Ce in C. elegans tissues after uptake. Greater reduction of Ce from Ce (IV) to Ce (III) was found in C. elegans, when exposed to the neutral and negatively charged relative to positively charged CeO2-NPs. The addition of humic acid (HA) to the exposure media significantly decreased the toxicity of CeO2-NPs, and the ratio of CeO2-NPs to HA influenced Ce bioaccumulation. When the concentration of HA was higher than the CeO2-NP concentration, Ce bioaccumulation decreased. These results suggest that the nature of the pristine coatings as a determinant of hazard may be greatly reduced once CeO2-NPs enter the environment and are coated with NOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanche Collin
- University of Kentucky , Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Lexington Kentucky 40546, United States
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22
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Kenney-Hunt J, Lewandowski A, Glenn TC, Glenn JL, Tsyusko OV, O'Neill RJ, Brown J, Ramsdell CM, Nguyen Q, Phan T, Shorter KR, Dewey MJ, Szalai G, Vrana PB, Felder MR. A genetic map of Peromyscus with chromosomal assignment of linkage groups (a Peromyscus genetic map). Mamm Genome 2014; 25:160-79. [PMID: 24445420 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-014-9500-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The rodent genus Peromyscus is the most numerous and species-rich mammalian group in North America. The naturally occurring diversity within this genus allows opportunities to investigate the genetic basis of adaptation, monogamy, behavioral and physiological phenotypes, growth control, genomic imprinting, and disease processes. Increased genomic resources including a high quality genetic map are needed to capitalize on these opportunities. We produced interspecific hybrids between the prairie deer mouse (P. maniculatus bairdii) and the oldfield mouse (P. polionotus) and scored meiotic recombination events in backcross progeny. A genetic map was constructed by genotyping of backcross progeny at 185 gene-based and 155 microsatellite markers representing all autosomes and the X-chromosome. Comparison of the constructed genetic map with the molecular maps of Mus and Rattus and consideration of previous results from interspecific reciprocal whole chromosome painting allowed most linkage groups to be unambiguously assigned to specific Peromyscus chromosomes. Based on genomic comparisons, this Peromyscus genetic map covers ~83% of the Rattus genome and 79% of the Mus genome. This map supports previous results that the Peromyscus genome is more similar to Rattus than Mus. For example, coverage of the 20 Rattus autosomes and the X-chromosome is accomplished with only 28 segments of the Peromyscus map, but coverage of the 19 Mus autosomes and the X-chromosome requires 40 chromosomal segments of the Peromyscus map. Furthermore, a single Peromyscus linkage group corresponds to about 91% of the rat and only 76% of the mouse X-chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Kenney-Hunt
- Department of Biological Sciences and Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
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23
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Weber JJ, Weller SG, Sakai AK, Tsyusko OV, Glenn TC, Domínguez CA, Molina-Freaner FE, Fornoni J, Tran M, Nguyen N, Nguyen K, Tran LK, Joice G, Harding E. THE ROLE OF INBREEDING DEPRESSION AND MATING SYSTEM IN THE EVOLUTION OF HETEROSTYLY. Evolution 2013; 67:2309-22. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J. Weber
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Irvine California 92697
| | - Stephen G. Weller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Irvine California 92697
| | - Ann K. Sakai
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Irvine California 92697
| | - Olga V. Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences; University of Kentucky; Lexington Kentucky 40546
| | - Travis C. Glenn
- Environmental Health Sciences; University of Georgia; Athens Georgia 30602
| | - César A. Domínguez
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Apartado Postal 70-275, México Distrito Federal 04510 México
| | - Francisco E. Molina-Freaner
- Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Estación Regional del Noroeste, Instituto de Ecología; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Apartado Postal 1354 Hermosillo 83000 Sonora México
| | - Juan Fornoni
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Apartado Postal 70-275, México Distrito Federal 04510 México
| | - Mike Tran
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Irvine California 92697
| | - Nhu Nguyen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Irvine California 92697
| | - Karen Nguyen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Irvine California 92697
| | - Lien-Khuong Tran
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Irvine California 92697
| | - Greg Joice
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences; University of Kentucky; Lexington Kentucky 40546
| | - Ellen Harding
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences; University of Kentucky; Lexington Kentucky 40546
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24
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Tsyusko OV, Hardas SS, Shoults-Wilson WA, Starnes CP, Joice G, Butterfield DA, Unrine JM. Short-term molecular-level effects of silver nanoparticle exposure on the earthworm, Eisenia fetida. Environ Pollut 2012; 171:249-255. [PMID: 22960366 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Short-term changes in levels of expression of nine stress response genes and oxidative damage of proteins were examined in Eisenia fetida exposed to polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated Ag nanoparticles (Ag-NP) and AgNO(3) in natural soils. The responses varied significantly among days with the highest number of significant changes occurring on day three. Similarity in gene expression patterns between Ag-NPs and AgNO(3) and significant relationships of expression of CAT and HSP70 with Ag soil concentration suggest similarity in toxicity mechanisms of Ag ions and NPs. Significant increases in the levels of protein carbonyls on day three of the exposure to both ions and Ag-NPs indicate that both treatments induced oxidative stress. Our results suggest that Ag ions drive short term toxicity of Ag-NPs in E. fetida. However, given that <15% of Ag in the NPs was oxidized in these soils, dissolution of Ag-NPs is likely to occur after or during their uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA.
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25
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Unrine JM, Shoults-Wilson WA, Zhurbich O, Bertsch PM, Tsyusko OV. Trophic transfer of Au nanoparticles from soil along a simulated terrestrial food chain. Environ Sci Technol 2012; 46:9753-60. [PMID: 22897478 DOI: 10.1021/es3025325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
To determine if nanoparticles (NPs) could be transferred from soil media to invertebrates and then to secondary consumers, we examined the trophic transfer of Au NPs along a simulated terrestrial food chain. Earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were exposed to Au NPs in artificial soil media and fed to juvenile bullfrogs (Rana catesbeina). Earthworm Au concentrations were continuously monitored so that the cumulative dose to bullfrogs could be accurately estimated throughout the experiment. We exposed a second group of bullfrogs to equivalent doses of Au NPs by oral gavage to compare the bioavailability of NPs through direct exposure to trophic exposure. We observed accumulation of Au in liver, kidney, spleen, muscle, stomach, and intestine in both treatment groups. Tissue concentrations decreased on average of approximately 100-fold with each trophic-step. The total assimilated dose averaged only 0.09% of the administered dose for direct exposure (oral gavage), but 0.12% for the trophic exposure. The results suggest that manufactured NPs present in soil may be taken up into food chains and transferred to higher order consumers. They also suggest that Au NPs may be more bioavailable through trophic exposure than direct exposure and that trophic transfer may influence the biodistribution of particles once absorbed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States.
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26
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Tsyusko OV, Unrine JM, Spurgeon D, Blalock E, Starnes D, Tseng M, Joice G, Bertsch PM. Toxicogenomic responses of the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans to gold nanoparticles. Environ Sci Technol 2012; 46:4115-24. [PMID: 22372763 DOI: 10.1021/es2033108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We used Au nanoparticles (Au-NPs) as a model for studying particle-specific effects of manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) by examining the toxicogenomic responses in a model soil organism, Caenorhabditis elegans . Global genome expression for nematodes exposed to 4-nm citrate-coated Au-NPs at the LC(10) level (5.9 mg·L(-1)) revealed significant differential expression of 797 genes. The levels of expression for five genes (apl-1, dyn-1, act-5, abu-11, and hsp-4) were confirmed independently with qRT-PCR. Seven common biological pathways associated with 38 of these genes were identified. Up-regulation of 26 pqn/abu genes from noncanonical unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway and molecular chaperones (hsp-16.1, hsp-70, hsp-3, and hsp-4) were observed and are likely indicative of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Significant increase in sensitivity to Au-NPs in a mutant from noncanonical UPR (pqn-5) suggests possible involvement of the genes from this pathway in a protective mechanism against Au-NPs. Significant responses to Au-NPs in endocytosis mutants (chc-1 and rme-2) provide evidence for endocytosis pathway being induced by Au-NPs. These results demonstrate that Au-NPs are bioavailable and cause adverse effects to C. elegans by activating both general and specific biological pathways. The experiments with mutants further support involvement of several of these pathways in Au-NP toxicity and/or detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States.
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27
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Shoults-Wilson WA, Zhurbich OI, McNear DH, Tsyusko OV, Bertsch PM, Unrine JM. Evidence for avoidance of Ag nanoparticles by earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Ecotoxicology 2011; 20:385-96. [PMID: 21229389 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-010-0590-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles have been incorporated into a wide variety of consumer products, ideally acting as antimicrobial agents. Silver exposure has long been known to cause toxic effects to a wide variety of organisms, making large scale production of silver nanoparticles a potential hazard to environmental systems. Here we describe the first evidence that an organism may be able to sense manufactured nanoparticles in a complex, environmentally relevant exposure and that the presence of nanoparticles alters the organism's behavior. We found that earthworms (Eisenia fetida) consistently avoid soils containing silver nanoparticles and AgNO(3) at similar concentrations of Ag. However, avoidance of silver nanoparticles occurred over 48 h, while avoidance of AgNO(3) was immediate. It was determined that avoidance of silver nanoparticles could not be explained by release of silver ions or any changes in microbial communities caused by the introduction of Ag. This leads us to conclude that the earthworms were in some way sensing the presence of nanoparticles over the course of a 48 h exposure and choosing to avoid exposure to them. Our results demonstrate that nanoparticle interactions with organisms may be unpredictable and that these interactions may result in ecologically significant effects on behavior at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Shoults-Wilson
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Agricultural Science Center North, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
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28
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Shoults-Wilson WA, Reinsch BC, Tsyusko OV, Bertsch PM, Lowry GV, Unrine JM. Effect of silver nanoparticle surface coating on bioaccumulation and reproductive toxicity in earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Nanotoxicology 2010; 5:432-44. [PMID: 21142839 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2010.537382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of surface coating on the toxicity of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) soil. Earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were exposed to AgNO(3) and Ag NPs with similar size ranges coated with either polyvinylpyrrolidone (hydrophilic) or oleic acid (amphiphilic) during a standard sub-chronic reproduction toxicity test. No significant effects on growth or mortality were observed within any of the test treatments. Significant decreases in reproduction were seen in earthworms exposed to AgNO3, (94.21 mg kg(-1)) as well as earthworms exposed to Ag NPs with either coating (727.6 mg kg(-1) for oleic acid and 773.3 mg kg(-1) for polyvinylpyrrolidone). The concentrations of Ag NPs at which effects were observed are much higher than predicted concentrations of Ag NPs in sewage sludge amended soils; however, the concentrations at which adverse effects of AgNO(3) were observed are similar to the highest concentrations of Ag presently observed in sewage sludge in the United States. Earthworms accumulated Ag in a concentration-dependent manner from all Ag sources, with more Ag accumulating in tissues from AgNO(3) compared to earthorms exposed to equivalent concentrations of Ag NPs. No differences were observed in Ag accumulation or toxicity between earthworms exposed to Ag NPs with polyvinylpyrrolidone or oleic acid coatings.
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Unrine JM, Hunyadi SE, Tsyusko OV, Rao W, Shoults-Wilson WA, Bertsch PM. Evidence for bioavailability of Au nanoparticles from soil and biodistribution within earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Environ Sci Technol 2010; 44:8308-13. [PMID: 20879765 DOI: 10.1021/es101885w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Because Au nanoparticles (NPs) are resistant to oxidative dissolution and are easily detected, they have been used as stable probes for the behavior of nanomaterials within biological systems. Previous studies provide somewhat limited evidence for bioavailability of Au NPs in food webs, because the spatial distribution within tissues and the speciation of Au was not determined. In this study, we provide multiple lines of evidence, including orthogonal microspectroscopic techniques, as well as evidence from biological responses, that Au NPs are bioavailable from soil to a model detritivore (Eisenia fetida). We also present limited evidence that Au NPs may cause adverse effects on earthworm reproduction. This is perhaps the first study to demonstrate that Au NPs can be taken up by detritivores from soil and distributed among tissues. We found that primary particle size (20 or 55 nm) did not consistently influence accumulated concentrations on a mass concentration basis; however, on a particle number basis the 20 nm particles were more bioavailable. Differences in bioavailability between the treatments may have been explained by aggregation behavior in pore water. The results suggest that nanoparticles present in soil from activities such as biosolids application have the potential to enter terrestrial food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Tracy Farmer Institute for Sustainability and the Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA.
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Unrine JM, Tsyusko OV, Hunyadi SE, Judy JD, Bertsch PM. Effects of particle size on chemical speciation and bioavailability of copper to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposed to copper nanoparticles. J Environ Qual 2010; 39:1942-53. [PMID: 21284291 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2009.0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the role of particle size on the oxidation, bioavailability, and adverse effects of manufactured Cu nanoparticles (NPs) in soils, we exposed the earthworm Eisenia ferida to a series of concentrations of commercially produced NPs labeled as 20- to 40-nm or < 100-nm Cu in artificial soil media. Effects on growth, mortality, reproduction, and expression of a variety of genes associated with metal homeostasis, general stress, and oxidative stress were measured. We also used X-ray absorption spectroscopy and scanning X-ray fluorescence microscopy to characterize changes in chemical speciation and spatial distribution of the NPs in soil media and earthworm tissues. Exposure concentrations of Cu NPs up to 65 mg kg(-1) caused no adverse effects on ecologically relevant endpoints. Increases in metallothionein expression occurred at concentrations exceeding 20 mg kg(-1) of Cu NPs and concentrations exceeding 10 mg kg(-1) of CuSO4. Based on the relationship of Cu tissue concentration to metallothionein expression level and the spatial distribution and chemical speciation of Cu in the tissues, we conclude that Cu ions and oxidized Cu NPs were taken up by the earthworms. This study suggests that oxidized Cu NPs may enter food chains from soil but that adverse effects in earthworms are likely to occur only at relatively high concentrations (> 65 mg Cu kg(-1) soil).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Unrine
- Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA.
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31
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Weber JN, Peters MB, Tsyusko OV, Linnen CR, Hagen C, Schable NA, Tuberville TD, McKee AM, Lance SL, Jones KL, Fisher HS, Dewey MJ, Hoekstra HE, Glenn TC. Five Hundred Microsatellite Loci for Peromyscus. CONSERV GENET 2010; 11:1243-1246. [PMID: 20563244 PMCID: PMC2885811 DOI: 10.1007/s10592-009-9941-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mice of the genus Peromyscus, including several endangered subspecies, occur throughout North America and have been important models for conservation research. We describe 526 primer pairs that amplify microsatellite DNA loci for P. maniculatus bairdii, 467 of which also amplify in P. polionotus subgriseus. For 12 of these loci, we report diversity data from a natural population. These markers will be an important resource for future genomic studies of Peromyscus evolution and mammalian conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse N Weber
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and The Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Abstract
Research on populations from radioactively contaminated areas around Chornobyl has produced ambiguous results for the presence of radiation effects. More studies are needed to provide information on whether radiation exposure at Chornobyl significantly affected genetic diversity in natural populations of various taxa. Eleven and nine variable microsatellite loci were used to test for differences in genetic diversity between reference and Chornobyl populations of two cattail species (Typha angustifolia and Typha latifolia, respectively) from Ukraine. Our purpose was to determine whether radiation had a significant impact on genetic diversities of the Chornobyl Typha populations, or if their genetic composition might be better explained by species demography and/or changes in population dynamics, mainly in sexual and asexual reproduction. Populations closest to the reactor had increased genetic diversities and high number of genets, which likely were due to factors other than radiation including increased gene flow among Chornobyl populations, enhanced sexual reproduction within populations, and/or origin of the genets from seed bank. Both Typha species also demonstrated small but significant effects associated with latitude, geographical regions, and watersheds. Typha's demography in Ukraine possibly varies with these three factors, and the small difference between Chornobyl and reference populations of T. latifolia detected after partitioning the total genetic variance between them is probably due primarily to these factors. However, the positive correlations of several genetic characteristics with radionuclide concentrations suggest that radiation may have also affected genetics of Chornobyl Typha populations but much less than was expected considering massive contamination of the Chornobyl area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V Tsyusko
- The University of Georgia, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, PO E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA.
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Tsyusko OV, Smith MH, Sharitz RR, Glenn TC. Genetic and clonal diversity of two cattail species, Typha latifolia and T. angustifolia (Typhaceae), from Ukraine. Am J Bot 2005; 92:1161-1169. [PMID: 21646138 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.92.7.1161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Genetic and clonal diversity vary between two closely related cattail species (Typha angustifolia and T. latifolia) from Ukraine. This diversity was calculated from microsatellite data. Forty-eight percent of the total variation was partitioned between species, which formed distinct clusters in a dendrogram with no indication of hybrid populations. Typha angustifolia had higher heterozygosity at the species (H(es) = 0.66) and population (H(ep) = 0.49) levels than did T. latifolia (H(es) = 0.37 and H(ep) = 0.29, respectively). The higher number of alleles in T. angustifolia may be indicative of larger effective population sizes due to its higher seed production. Clonal diversity of T. angustifolia was lower than that of T. latifolia (N(g)/N(r) = 0.40 and 0.61, Simpson's D = 0.82 and 0.94, respectively). Correlations between clonal and genetic diversity were higher for T. latifolia than T. angustifolia, suggesting that the importance of factors and their interactions affecting this relationship are different for the two species. Latitudinal and longitudinal trends were not observed in either species despite the large sampling area. Population differentiation was relatively high with F(ST) of 0.24 and 0.29 for T. angustifolia and T. latifolia, respectively. Weak isolation by distance was observed for T. latifolia but not for T. angustifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V Tsyusko
- The University of Georgia, Institute of Ecology, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Drawer E, Aiken, South Carolina 29802 USA
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