Improved accuracy and robustness of electron density profiles from JET's X-mode frequency-modulated continuous-wave reflectometers

JET's frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) reflectometers have been operating well with the current design since 2005, and density profiles have been automatically calculated intershot since then. However, the calculated profiles had long suffered from several shortcomings: poor agreement with other diagnostics, sometimes inappropriately moving radially by several centimeters, elevated levels of radial jitter, and persistent wriggles (strong unphysical oscillations). In this research, several techniques are applied to the reflectometry data analysis, and the shortcomings are significantly improved. Starting with improving the equilibrium reconstruction that estimates the background magnetic field, adding a ripple correction in the reconstructed magnetic field profile, and adding new inner-wall reflection positions estimated through ray-tracing, these changes not only improve the agreement of reconstructed profiles to other diagnostics but also solve density profile wriggles that were present during band transitions. Other smaller but also persistent wriggles were also suppressed by applying a localized correction to the measured beat frequency where persistent oscillations are present. Finally, the burst analysis method, as introduced by Varela et al. [Nucl. Fusion 46 S693 (2006)], has been implemented to extract the beat frequency from stacked spectrograms. Due to the strong suppression of spurious reflections, the radial jitter that sometimes would span several centimeters has been strongly reduced. The stacking of spectrograms has also been shown to be very useful for stacking recurring events, like small gas puff modulations, and extracting transport coefficients that would otherwise be below the noise level.

Cataracts, aberrant oral frenula, and growth retardation: a new autosomal dominant syndrome

We report on a mother and her two children with an autosomal dominant cataract syndrome with associated aberrant oral frenula, growth retardation, and specific facial appearance. Their phenotype differs from that of other reported cataract syndromes, and we conclude that this is a previously undescribed entity.

Unique dwarfing, spondylometaphyseal skeletal dysplasia, with joint laxity and dentinogenesis imperfecta

We report a 3 1/2-year-old boy with a unique spondylometaphyseal dysplasia with predominantly mesomelic involvement. In addition, he had gross generalised joint laxity and dentinogenesis imperfecta.

Cardiovascular manifestations of Kawasaki disease Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, experience 1974-1981

A review was undertaken of all patients with Kawasaki disease admitted to the Royal Children's Hospital. Their cardiovascular manifestations were reviewed and found to be similar to those reported overseas. The series totalled 21 patients, including five who developed cardiac failure. There were three deaths. Treatment varied but was mainly supportive though low dose aspirin has increasingly been used.