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Evaluation of highly conserved hsp65-specific nested PCR primers for diagnosing Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018; 21:214-217. [PMID: 28234087 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.16.0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a new nested set of primers designed for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex targeting a highly conserved heat shock protein gene (hsp65). DESIGN The nested primers were designed using multiple sequence alignment assuming the nucleotide sequence of the M. tuberculosis H37Rv hsp65 genome as base. Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium species along with other non-mycobacterial and fungal species were included to evaluate the specificity of M. tuberculosis hsp65 gene-specific primers. RESULTS The sensitivity of the primers was determined using serial 10-fold dilutions, and was 100% as shown by the bands in the case of M. tuberculosis complex. None of the other non M. tuberculosis complex bacterial and fungal species yielded any band on nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The first round of amplification could amplify 0.3 ng of the template DNA, while nested PCR could detect 0.3 pg. CONCLUSION The present hsp65-specific primers have been observed to be sensitive, specific and cost-effective, without requiring interpretation of biochemical tests, real-time PCR, sequencing or high-performance liquid chromatography. These primer sets do not have the drawbacks associated with those protocols that target insertion sequence 6110, 16S rDNA, rpoB, recA and MPT 64.
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Snippets. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 33:334-6. [PMID: 25866008 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.154904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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3
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Snippet. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.167358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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4
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Is bleach-sedimented smear microscopy an alternative to direct microscopy under programme conditions in India? Public Health Action 2015; 3:23-5. [PMID: 26392991 DOI: 10.5588/pha.12.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional multi-centric study compared the yield of and potential benefit for detecting smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) by bleach sedimentation (2% sodium-hypochlorite) versus direct microscopy under programme conditions in India. Among 3168 PTB suspects, 684 (21.6%) were detected by bleach sedimentation vs. 625 (19.7%) by direct microscopy, with a proportional overall agreement of 96% (κ = 0.88). While 594 patients were smear-positive with both methods, 31 patients detected by direct microscopy were missed and an additional 90 patients were detected by bleach sedimentation. Overall, bleach sedimentation increased the yield of smear-positive TB detection; however; it also increased the time to results.
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Snippet. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.158613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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6
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Clonal diversity and drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from extra-pulmonary samples in central India--a pilot study. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 32:434-7. [PMID: 25297032 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.142255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In India, extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) accounts for 10 - 15% of all types of tuberculosis. To identify and compare predominant spoligotypes and drug-resistance patterns in strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from extrapulmonary and pulmonary specimens in central India, drug susceptibility testing and spoligotyping were carried out. Spoligotyping data was analyzed using SITVIT2 database. ST11/EAI3_Ind with 33% isolates among extrapulmonary specimens and ST26/CAS1_DEL with 28% isolates among pulmonary specimens were the most predominant lineages. Multidrug resistance was found in 5.5% of the strains isolated from extrapulmonary specimens in contrast to 17% isolated from pulmonary specimens.
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Research Snippets. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.150984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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8
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Research snippets. Indian J Med Microbiol 2014. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.136618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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9
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Resaerch snippets. Indian J Med Microbiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)00631-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases: the role of giant African pouched rats, dogs and honeybees. Indian J Med Microbiol 2013; 31:114-6. [PMID: 23867665 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.115214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Early detection of infection in an individual is an important strategy to prevent transmission and spread of the infection - in the community or among patients admitted in a health care facility. Over the past decade, there have been rapid advances in technology in an attempt to provide rapid, accurate tests for diagnosis of infectious diseases. With this in perspective, the use of animals' superior olfactory sensitivity to sniff out infectious diseases holds promise.
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A pilot study to determine genetic polymorphism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Central India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2013. [PMID: 23183476 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.103774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to identify predominant spoligotypes responsible for transmission and prevalence of tuberculosis in central India since there is no data available about the genetic biodiversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients with tuberculosis in this region. 35 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were subjected to spoligotyping according to the standard protocol. A total of 25 strains out of the 35 (71.42%) could be grouped in to 6 clusters. The largest cluster comprised 8 isolates. Unique (Non-clustered) spoligotypes were seen in 10 isolates, Nine strains did not match the data base (Spol DB-4 data base). The results indicate that there may be a number of orphan strains unique to this geographical area. Further studies on a larger sample size derived from this area would help us delineate the epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in this area.
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Resaerch snippets. Indian J Med Microbiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)00752-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Research snippets. Indian J Med Microbiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)00932-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Authors’ reply. Indian J Med Microbiol 2012. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.96721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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15
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Research snippets. Indian J Med Microbiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)00996-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Research snippets. Indian J Med Microbiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)01051-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
Ethical issues facing microbiologists could be considered in two parts. The first relates to the way the ethical issues during their laboratory work. The second pertains to ethical issues on the data/reports they generate for the patients or in research. In both segments, there is pressure to perform, which is exerted by both, the community, as well as peers. It has therefore become increasingly necessary to recognize the facts that unethical actions might be a frequent reality. Since some of these activities generate serious ethical concerns, both in practice and research, it is necessary for microbiologists to be aware and equipped to meet these issues in a prepared and measured way. In an attempt to highlight this requirement, this article outlines the important ethical issues and guidelines relevant to the field of Microbiology.
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Research Snippets. Indian J Med Microbiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)01117-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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8598 POSTER Lessons From Culture and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Oral Cancer Flora and its Impact on Perioperative Antibiotics and Post-operative Wound Infections. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)72240-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Antimicrobial resistance and extinction. Indian J Med Microbiol 2011; 29:207-8. [PMID: 21860097 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.83900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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21
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Snippets. Indian J Med Microbiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)01170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Snippets. Indian J Med Microbiol 2011; 29:320-321. [PMID: 21966718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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23
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Snippets. Indian J Med Microbiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)01229-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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A pilot cross-sectional study to determine the utility of an oral HIV1/2 point of care test on sputum for screening TB/HIV co-infection in Central India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2011; 29:194-5. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.81781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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25
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Research snippets from the medical world. Indian J Med Microbiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)01286-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
Over the past decade, sequence differences between microbes from various geographical areas have been studied with the intent to interpret population movements of their hosts. An organism that is a reliable storehouse of such data, by virtue of its long association with its human host, is Helicobacter pylori. Functional and comparative analyses of its genome provide fascinating insights into human behaviour in the ancient past.
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Research snippets from the medical world. Indian J Med Microbiol 2010. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.66467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Diagnosis of gastrointestinal tuberculosis: Using cytomorphological, microbiological, immunological and molecular techniques - A study from Central India. Indian J Clin Biochem 2010; 25:158-63. [PMID: 23105903 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-010-0029-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study included three groups: (A) age and gender matched control (n=24) with no previous signs of M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC) infection, (B) patients (n=28) diagnosed with gastro-intestinal TB (GITB), (C) patients (n=50) with clinical and histo-pathological signs of GITB, but were culture and AFB negative. Real time assay performed using fluorescence resonance energy transfer hybridization probes showed a positivity index of 36 % in group C, i.e. 18 were found reactive from the total 50 cases studied. In addition, immune characterization of these 18 cases showed depleted CD(4) (+) count and increased levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α cytokines. No positive case was found in group A, while in group B, out of total 28 cases studied 27 were found positive. A combinatorial diagnostic approach for rapid detection and characterization of GITB might provide specific therapeutic strategies for prevention and treatment of the infection in future.
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Snippets. Indian J Med Microbiol 2010. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.62508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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30
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THE POEM SYNDROME. Indian J Med Microbiol 2009. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.55440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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31
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Comparision of Performance Characteristics of Automated PCR Systems with Culture for Detection of MTB Complex from Clinical Samples in Central India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2009; 27:277-8. [PMID: 19584519 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.53220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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32
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RESEARCH SNIPPETS FROM THE MEDICAL WORLD. Indian J Med Microbiol 2009. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.49443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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33
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In utero exposure to methyl isocyanate in the Bhopal gas disaster: evidence of persisting hyperactivation of immune system two decades later. Occup Environ Med 2008; 66:279. [PMID: 19295137 DOI: 10.1136/oem.2008.041517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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34
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RESEARCH SNIPPETS FROM THE MEDICAL WORLD. Indian J Med Microbiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)01893-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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35
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Research snippets from the medical world. Indian J Med Microbiol 2008. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.42076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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36
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Research snippets from the world of medicine. Indian J Med Microbiol 2008. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.43552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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37
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How we should deal with John Doe. West J Med 2003. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.327.7410.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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38
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Molecular epidemiology of nosocomial rotavirus infection. JOURNAL OF DIARRHOEAL DISEASES RESEARCH 1996; 14:12-5. [PMID: 8708327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The molecular epidemiology of nosocomial rotavirus infection in children admitted to the paediatric ward of a large hospital in southern India was studied by transmission electron microscopy and RNA electrophoresis on stool samples. Six hundred and twenty-six samples were collected and rotaviruses were detected in 35 of them. A predominant electropherotype was found in all the samples, and there was no seasonal variation in the incidence of infection. The predominant electropherotype pattern in this study was different from the electropherotype patterns of strains isolated elsewhere in the country and also from the pattern of the strains isolated earlier from children with acute diarrhoea at the same hospital.
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Leprous neuropathy as an autoimmune phenomenon. INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEPROSY 1996; 68:15-21. [PMID: 8727110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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40
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Persistence of lepromatous granuloma in clinically cured cases of leprosy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEPROSY AND OTHER MYCOBACTERIAL DISEASES : OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE INTERNATIONAL LEPROSY ASSOCIATION 1995; 63:417-21. [PMID: 7594925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Multibacillary (MB) leprosy patients are declared cured when they become bacteriologically negative and their lesions do not show any signs of clinical activity. Whether there is also a corresponding histological clearance of skin lesions is not known. The present study was carried out on the histopathology of the skin of 40 MB cases who were declared cured with multidrug (MDT). In 22 of them, small lepromatous granulomas were seen to persist, although acidfast bacilli were not found in them. The presence of these granulomas was not found to have any significant associated with the duration of the disease, length of treatment, or the period of cessation of therapy.
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Role of antineural antibodies in perpetuation of a pre-existing peripheral nerve damage in leprosy. INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEPROSY 1995; 67:293-300. [PMID: 8576608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out in order to find out whether antineural antibodies had a role to play in perpetuating pre-existing nerve damage in leprosy. Indirect ELISA was carried out on sera from 20 leprosy patients and five normal controls using antigen prepared from peripheral nerves of a cured bacteriologically negative leprosy patient. None of the patients had significant levels of IgG antibodies whereas eight of them (40%) had significant levels of IgM antibodies. However, there was no correlation with duration of disease, treatment received, nerve enlargement or active neuritis. The nature of these antibodies is discussed.
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the role of antineural antibodies in leprosy. Indirect ELISA using antigen prepared from normal human peripheral nerves was carried out on the sera from 100 leprosy patients and 18 normal controls. In total, 9% of the patients had demonstrable levels of IgG antineural antibodies and 11% had demonstrable levels of IgM antibodies. There was no correlation with the type of leprosy, bacteriological index, treatment taken, the presence of a reactional state, the presence of enlarged nerves or active neuritis.
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CATALYTIC HYDRODESULPHURIZATION OF THIOPHENE: V. THE HYDROTHIOPHENES. SELECTIVE POISONING AND ACIDITY OF THE CATALYST SURFACE. CAN J CHEM 1964. [DOI: 10.1139/v64-125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The hydrogenolysis of tetrahydrothiophene over sulphided cobalt molybdate – alumina was shown to proceed in two ways. The main reaction was hydrodecyclization to n-butanethiol and conversion of the latter to butenes and butane; the second and less prominent reaction involved dehydrogenation to thiophene, which was also desulphurized. The overall desulphurization activity decreased in the order n-butanethiol > tetrahydrothiophene > 2,3-dihydrothiophene > thiophene. A better understanding of the dual catalytic nature of the catalyst resulted from selective poisoning experiments with H2S, thiophene, methylthiophene, pyridine, and NH3. The sites responsible for olefin hydrogenation were shown to have strong affinity for thiophenes, H2S, and pyridine, as well as limited capacity to dehydrogenate thiolane and desulphurize thiophenes. Sites weakly electrophilic in character were also shown to be present on the catalyst surface. These could be poisoned only by ammonia or alkali and have been identified with the bulk of the desulphurization in the hydrogenolysis of thiophenes, hydrothiophenes, and thiol.
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Abstract
The hydrodesulphurization of 2- and 3-methylthiophene was studied over a sulphided, alumina-supported cobalt molybdate catalyst in a microreactor permitting the use of both pulse and steady-state flow techniques. The higher rates obtained with the 3-isomer were interpreted in terms of involvement of the α-carbon. The results were found to conform to the predominant reaction sequence proposed earlier for thiophene: C—S bond fission followed by diene and monoolefin formation and complete saturation. Some ancillary experiments on the hydrogenation of C5-olefins were reported.
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