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Pinato D, Cole T, Bengsch B, Tait P, Sayed A, Abomeli F, Gramenitskaya D, Allara E, Thomas R, Ward C, Wong C, Akarca A, Miguens Blanco J, Marafioti T, Marchesi J, Sharma R. A phase Ib study of pembrolizumab following trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): PETAL. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz247.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Zia A, Bashir Z, Tait P. Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage Secondary to Ectopic Varices at the Site of Previous Surgery. Hong Kong J Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr1716903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Gray A, Wolstenholme J, Fusco F, Chau I, Dunham L, Love S, Roberts A, Moschandreas J, Virdee P, Lewington V, Wilson G, Tait P, Khan N, Berry D, Wotherspoon A, Morgan B, Wasan H, Van Hazel G, Gibbs P, Sharma R. Quality of life in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer treated with first-line selective internal radiotherapy (SIRT): Results from the FOXFIRE prospective randomized studies. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx393.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Willicombe M, Sandhu B, Brookes P, Gedroyc W, Hakim N, Hamady M, Hill P, McLean AG, Moser S, Papalois V, Tait P, Wilcock M, Taube D. Postanastomotic transplant renal artery stenosis: association with de novo class II donor-specific antibodies. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:133-43. [PMID: 24354873 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we analyze the outcomes of transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS), determine the different anatomical positions of TRAS, and establish cardiovascular and immunological risk factors associated with its development. One hundred thirty-seven of 999 (13.7%) patients had TRAS diagnosed by angiography; 119/137 (86.9%) were treated with angioplasty, of which 113/137 (82.5%) were stented. Allograft survival in the TRAS+ intervention, TRAS+ nonintervention and TRAS- groups was 80.4%, 71.3% and 83.1%, respectively. There was no difference in allograft survival between the TRAS+ intervention and TRAS- groups, p = 0.12; there was a difference in allograft survival between the TRAS- and TRAS+ nonintervention groups, p < 0.001, and between the TRAS+ intervention and TRAS+ nonintervention groups, p = 0.037. TRAS developed at the anastomosis, within a bend/kink or distally. Anastomotic TRAS developed in living donor recipients; postanastomotic TRAS (TRAS-P) developed in diabetic and older patients who received grafts from deceased, older donors. Compared with the TRAS- group, patients with TRAS-P were more likely to have had rejection with arteritis, odds ratio (OR): 4.83 (1.47-15.87), p = 0.0095, and capillaritis, OR: 3.03 (1.10-8.36), p = 0.033. Patients with TRAS-P were more likely to have developed de novo class II DSA compared with TRAS- patients hazard ratio: 4.41 (2.0-9.73), p < 0.001. TRAS is a heterogeneous condition with TRAS-P having both alloimmune and traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Willicombe
- Imperial College Kidney and Transplant Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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Zerizer I, Al-Nahhas A, Towey D, Tait P, Ariff B, Wasan H, Hatice G, Habib N, Barwick T. The role of early ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in prediction of progression-free survival after ⁹⁰Y radioembolization: comparison with RECIST and tumour density criteria. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2012; 39:1391-9. [PMID: 22644713 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-012-2149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the ability of (18)F-FDG PET/CT imaging to predict early response to (90)Y-radioembolization in comparison with contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) using RECIST and lesion density (Choi) criteria. Progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with liver metastases at 2 years and decline in tumour markers were the primary end-points of the study. METHODS A total of 121 liver lesions were evaluated in 25 patients (14 men, 11 women) with liver-dominant metastatic colorectal cancer who underwent (18)F-FDG PET/CT and CECT before and 6-8 weeks after treatment. Changes in SUV(max), tumour density measured in terms of Hounsfield units and the sum of the longest diameters (LD) were calculated for the target liver lesions in each patient. The patient responses to treatment were categorized using EORTC PET criteria, tumour density criteria (Hounsfield units) and RECIST, and were correlated with the responses of tumour markers and 2-year PFS using Kaplan-Meier plots and the log-rank test for comparison. Multivariate proportional hazards (Cox) regression analysis was performed to assess the effect of relevant prognostic factors on PFS. RESULTS Using (18)F-FDG PET/CT response criteria, 15 patients had a partial response (PR) and 10 patients had stable disease (SD), while using RECIST only 2 patients had a PR and 23 had SD. Two patients had a PR, 21 SD and 2 progressive disease using tumour density criteria. The mean changes in SUV(max), sum of the LDs and tumour density after treatment were 2.9 ± 2.6, 7.3 ± 14.4 mm and 1.9 ± 13.18 HU, respectively. Patients who had a PR on (18)F-FDG PET/CT had a mean decrease of 44.5 % in SUV(max) compared to those with SD who had a decrease of only 10.3 %. The decreases in SUV(max) and sum of the LDs were significant (p < 0.0001, p < 0.05, respectively) while the decrease in tumour density was not (p > 0.1065). The responses on the (18)F-FDG PET/CT studies were highly correlated with the responses of tumour markers (p < 0.0001 for LDH, p = 0.01 for CEA and p = 0.02 for Ca19-9), while the responses on the CECT studies using both RECIST and tumour density criteria were not significantly correlated with the responses of tumour markers. The responses on (18)F-FDG PET/CT studies also significantly predicted PFS (the median PFS in those with a PR was 12.0 months and in those with SD was 5 months, p < 0.0001), while RECIST and tumour density did not significantly predict PFS. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that responses on (18)F-FDG PET/CT studies and decreases in SUV(max) of ≤ 2.0 were the strongest predictors of PFS. CONCLUSION Early response assessment to (90)Y-radioembolization using (18)F-FDG PET/CT is superior to RECIST and tumour density, demonstrating a correlation with tumour markers and significantly predicting PFS in patients with liver metastases. This could enable early response-adapted treatment strategies to be employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Zerizer
- Department of Radiology/Nuclear Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK.
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Adlakha A, Rupta R, Sebastian A, Tait P, Jackson J, Ind P. P190 Long-term outcome of bronchial artery embolisation (BAE) for massive haemoptysis. Thorax 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201054c.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ahmedzai S, Balfour-Lynn IM, Bewick T, Buchdahl R, Coker RK, Cummin AR, Gradwell DP, Howard L, Innes JA, Johnson AOC, Lim E, Lim WS, McKinlay KP, Partridge MR, Popplestone M, Pozniak A, Robson A, Shovlin CL, Shrikrishna D, Simonds A, Tait P, Thomas M. Managing passengers with stable respiratory disease planning air travel: British Thoracic Society recommendations. Thorax 2011; 66 Suppl 1:i1-30. [PMID: 21856702 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-200295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ahmedzai
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Abstract
Uterine artery embolisation is an increasingly used modality for the treatment of uterine leiomyomata. A 45-year-old woman with menorrhagia due to fibroids was discovered at uterine artery embolisation to have absent uterine arteries. Knowledge of the potential anatomical variants is important for those carrying out uterine artery embolisation, and further investigation of alternative treatment methods is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Maclaran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Charlottes and Chelsea Hospital, London UK.
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Abstract
Acute cholecystitis is treated by antibiotics and cholecystectomy. When the gallbladder neck is obstructed in the presence of infection, preventing pus from draining via the cystic duct, an empyema of the gallbladder develops. Under these circumstances, treatment may be either cholecystectomy or, in the presence of significant comorbidity, by drainage via percutaneous cholecystostomy, followed at a later date by cholecystectomy. We present the case of a patient who presented acutely with an attack of cholecystitis and refused to undergo a cholecystectomy owing to previous respiratory arrest following general anaesthesia. She settled with intravenous antibiotic treatment and was discharged. However, she presented shortly afterwards with a further attack of cholecystitis that was refractory to intravenous antibiotics and so was treated initially with percutaneous drainage. This was subsequently replaced with interno-external drainage of the gallbladder (transpapillary cholecystoduodenal stent) with the use of a J-J ureteric stent, which was then fully internalised. She remained well following this procedure and was discharged home. The long-term patency of the stent is not known and we hope that no further intervention will be required, but if necessary the stent could be exchanged endoscopically, by a percutaneous route, or via a combined approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gatenby
- Departments of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London W12 0HS, UK.
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Hamoda H, Tait P, Edmonds DK. Fatal pulmonary embolus after uterine artery fibroid embolisation. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2009; 32:1080-2. [PMID: 19449063 PMCID: PMC2744771 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-009-9589-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2009] [Revised: 03/30/2009] [Accepted: 04/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We report a 44-year-old woman who developed a fatal pulmonary embolus after uterine artery fibroid embolisation (UAE). Bilateral UAE was carried out through a single right-femoral artery puncture. The largest fibroid in the anterior fundal wall measured 4.5 cm, and the largest fibroid in the posterior fundal wall measured 6 cm. The appearances after UAE were satisfactory, and the procedure was apparently uneventful. No immediate complications were noted. The patient developed sudden-onset shortness of breath and went into cardiac arrest 19 h after the procedure. Postmortem autopsy confirmed that the cause of a death was a pulmonary embolism. To our knowledge this is the first reported case in the United Kingdom in which death occurred from a pulmonary embolus after UAE.
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Valerio CJ, Shale M, Tait P, Westaby D. Progressive changes on CT scanning of the liver. Gut 2009; 58:322, 366. [PMID: 19211848 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2008.160010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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Zwi KJ, Woolfenden SR, Wheeler DM, O'Brien TA, Tait P, Williams KW. Cochrane review: School-based education programmes for the prevention of child sexual abuse. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ebch.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Levicar N, Pai M, Habib NA, Tait P, Jiao LR, Marley SB, Davis J, Dazzi F, Smadja C, Jensen SL, Nicholls JP, Apperley JF, Gordon MY. Long-term clinical results of autologous infusion of mobilized adult bone marrow derived CD34+ cells in patients with chronic liver disease. Cell Prolif 2008; 41 Suppl 1:115-25. [PMID: 18181952 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2008.00491.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence is growing in support of the role of stem cells as an attractive alternative in treatment of liver diseases. Recently, we have demonstrated the feasibility and safety of infusing CD34(+) adult stem cells; this was performed on five patients with chronic liver disease. Here, we present the results of long-term follow-up of these patients. Between 1 x 10(6) and 2 x 10(8) CD34(+) cells were isolated and injected into the portal vein or hepatic artery. The patients were monitored for side effects, toxicity and changes in clinical, haematological and biochemical parameters; they were followed up for 12-18 months. All patients tolerated the treatment protocol well without any complications or side effects related to the procedure, also there were no side effects noted on long-term follow-up. Four patients showed an initial improvement in serum bilirubin level, which was maintained for up to 6 months. There was marginal increase in serum bilirubin in three of the patients at 12 months, while the fourth patient's serum bilirubin increased only at 18 months post-infusion. Computed tomography scan and serum alpha-foetoprotein monitoring showed absence of focal lesions. The study indicated that the stem cell product used was safe in the short and over long term, by absence of tumour formation. The investigation also illustrated that the beneficial effect seemed to last for around 12 months. This trial shows that stem cell therapy may have potential as a possible future therapeutic protocol in liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Levicar
- Department of Surgery, Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, London, UK
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Khodjibekova M, Szyszko T, Singh A, Tait P, Rubello D, Al-Nahhas A. Treatment of primary and secondary liver tumours with selective internal radiation therapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2007; 26:561-570. [PMID: 18365553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
When HCC is diagnosed at an early stage or liver is affected by a solitary metastasis they can be curable by surgical resection, but this may not be feasible when an extensive tumoural involvement is present. In these cases, possible non-surgical therapies include systemic chemotherapy, chemical ablation (ethanol or acetic acid), radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, cryotherapy and transarterial chemoembolisation. All the above mentioned treatments have advantages and disadvantages. In the present paper we reported our experience with selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) of non-operable HCC and metastatic liver using 99Yttrium (99Y) radioactive microspheres, and our data are compared and discussed with those reported in the literature. A MEDLINE-based review of the literature has been made in the period between 1990 and April 2007. Detailed information on patients selection criteria, SIRT procedure, dose calculation, safety and adverse reactions, follow-up schedule, and clinical efficacy are provided. On the basis of our data, in agreement with those of the literature, SIRT has added another effective method for treatment of primary and secondary liver tumours, being successful in a large number of patients in different experiences. Moreover, SIRT is well tolerated and has minimal adverse effects. Despite being regarded as non-curative, it has been associated with improved survival, reduction in tumour marker, and regression in the number and size of lesions. Follow-up with imaging is essential to assess the response to therapy, and in this respect FDG PET has been shown to be more sensitive than CT, particularly in the early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Khodjibekova
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Child sexual abuse is a significant problem that requires an effective means of prevention. OBJECTIVES To assess: if school-based programmes are effective in improving knowledge about sexual abuse and self-protective behaviours; whether participation results in an increase in disclosure of sexual abuse and/or produces any harm; knowledge retention and the effect of programme type or setting. SEARCH STRATEGY Electronic searches of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Sociological Abstracts, Dissertation Abstracts and other databases using MESH headings and text words specific for child sexual assault and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted in August 2006. SELECTION CRITERIA RCTs or quasi-RCTs of school-based interventions to prevent child sexual abuse compared with another intervention or no intervention. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Meta-analyses and sensitivity analysis, using two imputed intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) (0.1, 0.2), were used for four outcomes: protective behaviours, questionnaire-based knowledge, vignette-based knowledge and disclosure of abuse. Meta-analysis was not possible for retention of knowledge, likelihood of harm, or effect of programme type and setting. MAIN RESULTS Fifteen trials measuring knowledge and behaviour change as a result of school-based child sexual abuse intervention programmes were included. Over half the studies in each initial meta-analysis contained unit of analysis errors. For behaviour change, two studies had data suitable for meta-analysis; results favoured intervention (OR 6.76, 95% CI 1.44, 31.84) with moderate heterogeneity (I(2)=56.0%) and did not change significantly when adjustments using intraclass coefficients were made. Nine studies were included in a meta-analysis evaluating questionnaire-based knowledge. An increase in knowledge was found (SMD 0.59; 0.44, 0.74, heterogeneity (I2=66.4%). When adjusted for an ICC of 0.1 and 0.2 the results were SMD 0.6 (0.45, 0.75) and 0.57 (0.44, 0.71) respectively. Heterogeneity decreased with increasing ICC. A meta-analysis of four studies evaluating vignette-based knowledge favoured intervention (SMD 0.37 (0.18, 0.55)) with low heterogeneity (I(2)=0.0%) and no significant change when ICC adjustments were made. Meta-analysis of between-group differences of reported disclosures did not show a statistically significant difference. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Studies evaluated in this review report significant improvements in knowledge measures and protective behaviours. Results might have differed had the true ICCs from studies been available or cluster-adjusted results been available. Several studies reported harms, suggesting a need to monitor the impact of similar interventions. Retention of knowledge should be measured beyond 3-12 months. Further investigation of the best forms of presentation and optimal age of programme delivery is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Zwi
- University of New South Wales & Sydney Children's Hospital, School of Women's and Children's Health, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia, 2031.
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Jiao LR, Szyszko T, Al-Nahhas A, Tait P, Canelo R, Stamp G, Wasan H, Lowdell C, Philips R, Thillainayagam A, Bansi D, Rubello D, Limongelli P, Woo K, Habib NA. Clinical and imaging experience with yttrium-90 microspheres in the management of unresectable liver tumours. Eur J Surg Oncol 2007; 33:597-602. [PMID: 17433608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2007.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2006] [Accepted: 02/12/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) is emerging as a new therapeutic modality in recent years for management of non-resectable hepatic malignancies. Our experience in clinical application of this treatment is reported here. MATERIAL AND METHODS From June 2004, patients whose liver tumours were no longer amenable for any conventional treatment with either chemotherapy or surgery were considered for yttrium-90 microspheres treatment after discussion at our multidisciplinary meeting. A pre-treatment planning was carried out with visceral angiography and technetium-99m macroaggregated albumin (MAA) for assessment of both tumour volume and extrahepatic shunting in addition to a baseline PET and CT scans, respectively. Two weeks later, a second visceral angiogram was performed to deliver the calculated dosage of microspheres into the arterial system supplying the tumour. Patients were then followed up with tumour markers, repeat PET and CT scans of abdomen at 6 weeks and 3 monthly thereafter. RESULT Twenty-one patients (F=11, M=10; age range 40-75 years, mean=58 years) received yttrium-90 microspheres consisting of liver metastases from colorectal primary (n=10) and non-colorectal primaries (n=8), and primary liver tumours (n=3). One patient received 2 treatments. The mean administered activity of microspheres delivered was 1.9 GBq (range 1.2-2.5 GBq). Injection of microspheres had no immediate effect on either clinical haematology or liver function tests. At follow-up, 86% of patients showed decreased activity on PET scan at 6 weeks (p=0.01). The mean pre-treatment SUV was 12.2+/-3.7 and the mean post-treatment SUV was 9.3+/-3.7, indicating a significant improvement measured with PET activity. Only 13% showed a reduction in the size of tumour on CT scan. For patients with colorectal liver metastases, there was no significant reduction in CEA level (127+/-115 vs 75+/-72 micro/l, p=0.39). Complications were seen in 4 patients (19%) including radiation hepatitis (n=2), cholecystitis (n=1) and duodenal ulceration (n=1). All resolved without surgical intervention. Seven patients died at follow-up from progressive extrahepatic disease (33%). CONCLUSION SIRT should be considered for patients with advanced liver cancer. It has a significant effect on liver disease in the absence of extrahepatic disease. PET imaging has an integral role in the assessment of patients treated with yttrium-90 SIR-Spheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Jiao
- Department of HPB Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital and Imperial College School of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Surgical and standard endourology options are limited in transplant patients with severe ureteric stenosis, particularly when access to the transplant renal pelvis is limited. The use of a silicone-polytetrafluoroethelene (PTFE)-bonded extraanatomic urinary tract stent for urinary tract drainage is described in two patients. This technique of ureteric reconstruction in renal transplantation may be considered when standard approaches have failed. It appears to be safe when performed by radiologists and urologists with expertise in percutaneous renal access.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Olsburgh
- Department of Urology, Hammersmith Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK.
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Airapetian A, Akopov N, Akopov Z, Amarian M, Andrus A, Aschenauer EC, Augustyniak W, Avakian R, Avetissian A, Avetissian E, Bailey P, Balin D, Beckmann M, Belostotski S, Bianchi N, Blok HP, Böttcher H, Borissov A, Borysenko A, Bouwhuis M, Brüll A, Bryzgalov V, Capiluppi M, Capitani GP, Chen T, Ciullo G, Contalbrigo M, Dalpiaz PF, Deconinck W, De Leo R, Demey M, De Nardo L, De Sanctis E, Devitsin E, Di Nezza P, Dreschler J, Düren M, Ehrenfried M, Elalaoui-Moulay A, Elbakian G, Ellinghaus F, Elschenbroich U, Fabbri R, Fantoni A, Felawka L, Frullani S, Funel A, Gapienko G, Gapienko V, Garibaldi F, Garrow K, Gaskell D, Gavrilov G, Gharibyan V, Grebeniouk O, Gregor IM, Hadjidakis C, Hafidi K, Hartig M, Hasch D, Hesselink WHA, Hillenbrand A, Hoek M, Holler Y, Hommez B, Hristova I, Iarygin G, Ivanilov A, Izotov A, Jackson HE, Jgoun A, Kaiser R, Kinney E, Kisselev A, Kobayashi T, Kopytin M, Korotkov V, Kozlov V, Krauss B, Krivokhijine VG, Lagamba L, Lapikás L, Laziev A, Lenisa P, Liebing P, Linden-Levy LA, Lorenzon W, Lu H, Lu J, Lu S, Ma BQ, Maiheu B, Makins NCR, Mao Y, Marianski B, Marukyan H, Masoli F, Mexner V, Meyners N, Michler T, Mikloukho O, Miller CA, Miyachi Y, Muccifora V, Murray M, Nagaitsev A, Nappi E, Naryshkin Y, Negodaev M, Nowak WD, Oganessyan K, Ohsuga H, Osborne A, Pickert N, Potterveld DH, Raithel M, Reggiani D, Reimer PE, Reischl A, Reolon AR, Riedl C, Rith K, Rosner G, Rostomyan A, Rubacek L, Rubin J, Ryckbosch D, Salomatin Y, Sanjiev I, Savin I, Schäfer A, Schnell G, Schüler KP, Seele J, Seidl R, Seitz B, Shanidze R, Shearer C, Shibata TA, Shutov V, Sinram K, Sommer W, Stancari M, Statera M, Steffens E, Steijger JJM, Stenzel H, Stewart J, Stinzing F, Tait P, Tanaka H, Taroian S, Tchuiko B, Terkulov A, Trzcinski A, Tytgat M, Vandenbroucke A, van der Nat PB, van der Steenhoven G, van Haarlem Y, Vikhrov V, Vincter MG, Vogel C, Volmer J, Wang S, Wendland J, Ye Y, Ye Z, Yen S, Zihlmann B, Zupranski P. Beam-charge azimuthal asymmetry and deeply virtual Compton scattering. Int J Clin Exp Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.75.011103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Airapetian A, Akopov N, Akopov Z, Amarian M, Andrus A, Aschenauer EC, Augustyniak W, Avakian R, Avetissian A, Avetissian E, Bailey P, Belostotski S, Bianchi N, Blok HP, Böttcher H, Borissov A, Borysenko A, Brüll A, Bryzgalov V, Capiluppi M, Capitani GP, Ciullo G, Contalbrigo M, Dalpiaz PF, Deconinck W, De Leo R, Demey M, De Nardo L, De Sanctis E, Devitsin E, Diefenthaler M, Di Nezza P, Dreschler J, Düren M, Ehrenfried M, Elalaoui-Moulay A, Elbakian G, Ellinghaus F, Elschenbroich U, Fabbri R, Fantoni A, Felawka L, Frullani S, Funel A, Gapienko G, Gapienko V, Garibaldi F, Garrow K, Gavrilov G, Gharibyan V, Giordano F, Grebeniouk O, Gregor IM, Griffioen K, Guler H, Hadjidakis C, Hartig M, Hasch D, Hasegawa T, Hesselink WH, Hillenbrand A, Hoek M, Holler Y, Hommez B, Hristova I, Iarygin G, Ivanilov A, Izotov A, Jackson HE, Jgoun A, Kaiser R, Keri T, Kinney E, Kisselev A, Kobayashi T, Kopytin M, Korotkov V, Kozlov V, Krauss B, Kravchenko P, Krivokhijine VG, Lagamba L, Lapikás L, Lenisa P, Liebing P, Linden-Levy LA, Lorenzon W, Lu J, Lu S, Ma BQ, Maiheu B, Makins NCR, Mao Y, Marianski B, Marukyan H, Masoli F, Mexner V, Meyners N, Michler T, Mikloukho O, Miller CA, Miyachi Y, Muccifora V, Murray M, Nagaitsev A, Nappi E, Naryshkin Y, Negodaev M, Nowak WD, Ohsuga H, Osborne A, Perez-Benito R, Pickert N, Raithel M, Reggiani D, Reimer PE, Reischl A, Roelon AR, Riedl C, Rith K, Rosner G, Rostomyan A, Rubacek L, Rubin J, Ryckbosch D, Salomatin Y, Sanjiev I, Savin I, Schäfer A, Schnell G, Schüler KP, Seele J, Seidl R, Seitz B, Shearer C, Shibata TA, Shutov V, Sinram K, Stancari M, Statera M, Steffens E, Steijger JJM, Stenzel H, Stewart J, Stinzing F, Streit J, Tait P, Tanaka H, Taroian S, Tchuiko B, Terkulov A, Trzcinski A, Tytgat M, Vandenbroucke A, van der Nat PB, van der Steenhoven G, van Haarlem Y, Veretennikov D, Vikhrov V, Vogel C, Wang S, Ye Y, Ye Z, Yen S, Zihlmann B, Zupranski P. Double-hadron leptoproduction in the nuclear medium. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:162301. [PMID: 16712217 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2005] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The first measurements of double-hadron production in deep-inelastic scattering within the nuclear medium were made with the HERMES spectrometer at DESY HERA using a 27.6 GeV positron beam. By comparing data for deuterium, nitrogen, krypton, and xenon nuclei, the influence of the nuclear medium on the ratio of double-hadron to single-hadron yields was investigated. Nuclear effects on the additional hadron are clearly observed, but with little or no difference among nitrogen, krypton, or xenon, and with smaller magnitude than effects seen on previously measured single-hadron multiplicities. The data are compared with models based on partonic energy loss or prehadronic scattering and with a model based on a purely absorptive treatment of the final-state interactions. Thus, the double-hadron ratio provides an additional tool for studying modifications of hadronization in nuclear matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Airapetian
- Randall Laboratory of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
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Airapetian A, Akopov N, Akopov Z, Amarian M, Ammosov VV, Andrus A, Aschenauer EC, Augustyniak W, Avakian R, Avetissian A, Avetissian E, Bailey P, Balin D, Baturin V, Beckmann M, Belostotski S, Bernreuther S, Bianchi N, Blok HP, Böttcher H, Borissov A, Borysenko A, Bouwhuis M, Brack J, Brüll A, Bryzgalov V, Capitani GP, Chen T, Chiang HC, Ciullo G, Contalbrigo M, Dalpiaz PF, De Leo R, Demey M, De Nardo L, De Sanctis E, Devitsin E, Di Nezza P, Dreschler J, Düren M, Ehrenfried M, Elalaoui-Moulay A, Elbakian G, Ellinghaus F, Elschenbroich U, Fabbri R, Fantoni A, Fechtchenko A, Felawka L, Fox B, Frullani S, Gapienko G, Gapienko V, Garibaldi F, Garrow K, Garutti E, Gaskell D, Gavrilov G, Gharibyan V, Graw G, Grebeniouk O, Greeniaus LG, Gregor IM, Hafidi K, Hartig M, Hasch D, Heesbeen D, Henoch M, Hertenberger R, Hesselink WHA, Hillenbrand A, Hoek M, Holler Y, Hommez B, Iarygin G, Ivanilov A, Izotov A, Jackson HE, Jgoun A, Kaiser R, Kinney E, Kisselev A, Kopytin M, Korotkov V, Kozlov V, Krauss B, Krivokhijine VG, Lagamba L, Lapikás L, Laziev A, Lenisa P, Liebing P, Linden-Levy LA, Lipka K, Lorenzon W, Lu H, Lu J, Lu S, Ma BQ, Maiheu B, Makins NCR, Mao Y, Marianski B, Marukyan H, Masoli F, Mexner V, Meyners N, Mikloukho O, Miller CA, Miyachi Y, Muccifora V, Nagaitsev A, Nappi E, Naryshkin Y, Nass A, Negodaev M, Nowak WD, Oganessyan K, Ohsuga H, Pickert N, Potashov S, Potterveld DH, Raithel M, Reggiani D, Reimer PE, Reischl A, Reolon AR, Riedl C, Rith K, Rosner G, Rostomyan A, Rubacek L, Rubin J, Ryckbosch D, Salomatin Y, Sanjiev I, Savin I, Schäfer A, Schill C, Schnell G, Schüler KP, Seele J, Seidl R, Seitz B, Shanidze R, Shearer C, Shibata TA, Shutov V, Simani MC, Sinram K, Stancari M, Statera M, Steffens E, Steijger JJM, Stenzel H, Stewart J, Stinzing F, Stösslein U, Tait P, Tanaka H, Taroian S, Tchuiko B, Terkulov A, Tkabladze A, Trzcinski A, Tytgat M, Vandenbroucke A, van der Nat PB, van der Steenhoven G, Vetterli MC, Vikhrov V, Vincter MG, Vogel C, Vogt M, Volmer J, Weiskopf C, Wendland J, Wilbert J, Ye Y, Ye Z, Yen S, Zihlmann B, Zupranski P. Measurement of the tensor structure function b1 of the deuteron. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 95:242001. [PMID: 16384369 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.242001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Hermes experiment has investigated the tensor spin structure of the deuteron using the 27.6 GeV/c positron beam of DESY HERA. The use of a tensor-polarized deuteron gas target with only a negligible residual vector polarization enabled the first measurement of the tensor asymmetry A(d)zz and the tensor structure function b(d)1 for average values of the Bjorken variable 0.01< <x> <0.45 and of the negative of the squared four-momentum transfer 0.5 GeV2 < <Q2> <5 GeV2. The quantities A(d)zz and b(d)1 are found to be nonzero. The rise of b(d)1 for decreasing values of x can be interpreted to originate from the same mechanism that leads to nuclear shadowing in unpolarized scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Airapetian
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
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Kindler H, Bagger JP, Tait P, Camici PG. A vascular ring without compression: double aortic arch presenting as a coincidental finding during cardiac catheterisation. Heart 2005; 91:773. [PMID: 15894773 PMCID: PMC1768953 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2004.049221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Airapetian A, Akopov N, Akopov Z, Amarian M, Andrus A, Aschenauer EC, Augustyniak W, Avakian R, Avetissian A, Avetissian E, Bacchetta A, Bailey P, Balin D, Beckmann M, Belostotski S, Bianchi N, Blok HP, Böttcher H, Borissov A, Borysenko A, Bouwhuis M, Brüll A, Bryzgalov V, Capitani GP, Cappiluppi M, Chen T, Ciullo G, Contalbrigo M, Dalpiaz PF, Leo RD, Demey M, Nardo LD, Sanctis ED, Devitsin E, Nezza PD, Düren M, Ehrenfried M, Elalaoui-Moulay A, Elbakian G, Ellinghaus F, Elschenbroich U, Fabbri R, Fantoni A, Fechtchenko A, Felawka L, Frullani S, Gapienko G, Gapienko V, Garibaldi F, Garrow K, Gavrilov G, Gharibyan V, Grebeniouk O, Gregor IM, Hadjidakis C, Hafidi K, Hartig M, Hasch D, Henoch M, Hesselink WHA, Hillenbrand A, Hoek M, Holler Y, Hommez B, Hristova I, Iarygin G, Ilyichev A, Ivanilov A, Izotov A, Jackson HE, Jgoun A, Kaiser R, Kinney E, Kisselev A, Kobayashi T, Kopytin M, Korotkov V, Kozlov V, Krauss B, Krivokhijine VG, Lagamba L, Lapikás L, Laziev A, Lenisa P, Liebing P, Linden-Levy LA, Lorenzon W, Lu H, Lu J, Lu S, Ma BQ, Maiheu B, Makins NCR, Mao Y, Marianski B, Marukyan H, Masoli F, Mexner V, Meyners N, Michler T, Mikloukho O, Miller CA, Miyachi Y, Muccifora V, Nagaitsev A, Nappi E, Naryshkin Y, Nass A, Negodaev M, Nowak WD, Oganessyan K, Ohsuga H, Osborne A, Pickert N, Potterveld DH, Raithel M, Reggiani D, Reimer PE, Reischl A, Reolon AR, Riedl C, Rith K, Rosner G, Rostomyan A, Rubacek L, Rubin J, Ryckbosch D, Salomatin Y, Sanjiev I, Savin I, Schäfer A, Schill C, Schnell G, Schüler KP, Seele J, Seidl R, Seitz B, Shanidze R, Shearer C, Shibata TA, Shutov V, Sinram K, Sommer W, Stancari M, Statera M, Steffens E, Steijger JJM, Stenzel H, Stewart J, Stinzing F, Tait P, Tanaka H, Taroian S, Tchuiko B, Terkulov A, Trzcinski A, Tytgat M, Vandenbroucke A, van der Nat PB, van der Steenhoven G, van Haarlem Y, Vetterli MC, Vikhrov V, Vincter MG, Vogel C, Volmer J, Wang S, Wendland J, Wilbert J, Smit GY, Ye Y, Ye Z, Yen S, Zihlmann B, Zupranski P. Single-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering on a transversely polarized hydrogen target. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:012002. [PMID: 15698069 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.012002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Single-spin asymmetries for semi-inclusive electroproduction of charged pions in deep-inelastic scattering of positrons are measured for the first time with transverse target polarization. The asymmetry depends on the azimuthal angles of both the pion (phi) and the target spin axis (phi(S)) about the virtual-photon direction and relative to the lepton scattering plane. The extracted Fourier component sin((phi+phi(S))(pi)(UT) is a signal of the previously unmeasured quark transversity distribution, in conjunction with the Collins fragmentation function, also unknown. The component sin((phi-phi(S)(pi)(UT) arises from a correlation between the transverse polarization of the target nucleon and the intrinsic transverse momentum of quarks, as represented by the previously unmeasured Sivers distribution function. Evidence for both signals is observed, but the Sivers asymmetry may be affected by exclusive vector meson production.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Airapetian
- Randall Laboratory of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1120, USA
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Jones SE, Carr D, Hoffman J, Macaulay J, Tait P. Cushing's syndrome in pregnancy due to an adrenocorticotropin secreting islet cell tumour. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2004; 19:303. [PMID: 15512304 DOI: 10.1080/01443619965156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S E Jones
- School of Clinical Medical Sciences, The Medical School, Newcastle Upon Tyne and North Tees General Hospital, Stockton on Tees, UK.
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Airapetian A, Akopov N, Akopov Z, Amarian M, Ammosov VV, Andrus A, Aschenauer EC, Augustyniak W, Avakian R, Avetissian A, Avetissian E, Bailey P, Baturin V, Baumgarten C, Beckmann M, Belostotski S, Bernreuther S, Bianchi N, Blok HP, Böttcher H, Borissov A, Bouwhuis M, Brack J, Brüll A, Bryzgalov V, Capitani GP, Chiang HC, Ciullo G, Contalbrigo M, Dalpiaz PF, De Leo R, De Nardo L, De Sanctis E, Devitsin E, Di Nezza P, Düren M, Ehrenfried M, Elalaoui-Moulay A, Elbakian G, Ellinghaus F, Elschenbroich U, Ely J, Fabbri R, Fantoni A, Fechtchenko A, Felawka L, Fox B, Franz J, Frullani S, Gärber Y, Gapienko G, Gapienko V, Garibaldi F, Garrow K, Garutti E, Gaskell D, Gavrilov G, Gharibyan V, Graw G, Grebeniouk O, Greeniaus LG, Hafidi K, Hartig M, Hasch D, Heesbeen D, Henoch M, Hertenberger R, Hesselink WHA, Hillenbrand A, Hoek M, Holler Y, Hommez B, Iarygin G, Ivanilov A, Izotov A, Jackson HE, Jgoun A, Kaiser R, Kinney E, Kisselev A, Königsmann K, Kopytin M, Korotkov V, Kozlov V, Krauss B, Krivokhijine VG, Lagamba L, Lapikás L, Laziev A, Lenisa P, Liebing P, Lindemann T, Lipka K, Lorenzon W, Lu J, Maiheu B, Makins NCR, Marianski B, Marukyan H, Masoli F, Mexner V, Meyners N, Mikloukho O, Miller CA, Miyachi Y, Muccifora V, Nagaitsev A, Nappi E, Naryshkin Y, Nass A, Negodaev M, Nowak WD, Oganessyan K, Ohsuga H, Orlandi G, Pickert N, Potashov S, Potterveld DH, Raithel M, Reggiani D, Reimer PE, Reischl A, Reolon AR, Riedl C, Rith K, Rosner G, Rostomyan A, Rubacek L, Ryckbosch D, Salomatin Y, Sanjiev I, Savin I, Scarlett C, Schäfer A, Schill C, Schnell G, Schüler KP, Schwind A, Seele J, Seidl R, Seitz B, Shanidze R, Shearer C, Shibata TA, Shutov V, Simani MC, Sinram K, Stancari M, Statera M, Steffens E, Steijger JJM, Stewart J, Stösslein U, Tait P, Tanaka H, Taroian S, Tchuiko B, Terkulov A, Tkabladze A, Trzcinski A, Tytgat M, Vandenbroucke A, Van Der Nat P, Van Der Steenhoven G, Vetterli MC, Vikhrov V, Vincter MG, Visser J, Vogel C, Vogt M, Volmer J, Weiskopf C, Wendland J, Wilbert J, Ybeles Smit G, Yen S, Zihlmann B, Zohrabian H, Zupranski P. Flavor decomposition of the sea-quark helicity distributions in the nucleon from semiinclusive deep inelastic scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:012005. [PMID: 14753985 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.012005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Double-spin asymmetries of semiinclusive cross sections for the production of identified pions and kaons have been measured in deep inelastic scattering of polarized positrons on a polarized deuterium target. Five helicity distributions including those for three sea quark flavors were extracted from these data together with reanalyzed previous data for identified pions from a hydrogen target. These distributions are consistent with zero for all three sea flavors. A recently predicted flavor asymmetry in the polarization of the light quark sea appears to be disfavored by the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Airapetian
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
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Zwi KJ, Woolfenden SR, Wheeler DM, O'Brien TA, Tait P, Williams KW. School-based education programmes for the prevention of child sexual abuse. THE COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd004380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kennedy E, Tait P, Mason AP. Cross cultural tensions. It is challenging to communicate. Aust Fam Physician 2001; 30:1175-6. [PMID: 11838399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
A cross cultural environment emphasises the challenges for communication between doctor and patient. The following stories share our thoughts and experience. They aim to illustrate issues and provoke reflection.
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Tait P, Allison D. Imaging of the gastrointestinal tract. Drugs Today (Barc) 2001; 37:533-557. [PMID: 12743637 DOI: 10.1358/dot.2001.37.8.844170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal imaging has undergone immense and profound changes since the days when radiologists had only plain abdominal radiography, barium studies and cholecystography to offer as a means of investigating the gastrointestinal tract. Advances in technology have made huge differences in the ways and means of investigating the various pathologies afflicting the gastrointestinal tract. Ultrasound provides assessment of the solid organs and the intestine without the use of ionizing radiation. Computed tomography (CT) provides unparalleled imaging of congenital, inflammatory, traumatic and neoplastic processes, providing information on the solid organs and tubular structures, including the vasculature. Information is provided to aid immediate management or to stage lesions for subsequent or combined therapies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) gives unprecedented multiplanar images and soft tissue resolution. There is still a place for plain radiography and barium studies but this is decreasing as technology advances.(c) 2001 Prous Science. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Tait
- Department of Imaging, Hammersmith Hospital, London, U.K.
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Abstract
This article identifies problems and conditions that contribute to nipple pain during lactation and that may lead to early cessation or noninitiation of breastfeeding. Signs and symptoms of poor latch-on and positioning, oral anomalies, and suckling disorders are reviewed. Diagnosis and treatment of infectious agents that may cause nipple pain are presented. Comfort measures for sore nipples and current treatment recommendations for nipple wound healing are discussed. Suggestions are made for incorporating in-depth breastfeeding content into midwifery education programs.
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Tait P. Aboriginal health. Aust Fam Physician 1994; 23:1178. [PMID: 8053854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- R D'Souza
- Department of Radiology, North Tees General Hospital, Stockton-on-Tees, Cleveland, UK
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe an outbreak of meningococcal meningitis and the impact of rifampicin chemoprophylaxis on secondary attack rates among Aboriginal people in central Australia. DESIGN Prospective study of patients admitted to hospital between September 1987 and May 1991. SETTING The Alice Springs Health Region of the Northern Territory and the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Lands of South Australia, covering a population of 13,228 Aboriginal people. SUBJECTS Patients admitted to the Alice Springs Hospital with clinical signs or autopsy findings of meningococcal disease. Rifampicin chemoprophylaxis was given to close contacts of all cases. Mencevax AC vaccine was offered to children aged 1 to 15 years in the Region. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with Neisseria meningitidis, or a positive result of latex agglutination testing on CSF. Positive isolates were serogrouped. RESULTS Seventy-seven cases of meningococcal disease were diagnosed in Aboriginal people over four years compared with one to two cases per year previously; of these, 60 were definite, 7 probable and 10 suspected cases. Seventy-six subjects had meningitis, of whom one also had the clinical features of meningococcal septicaemia; one other subject had positive blood cultures with a mild febrile illness without features of meningitis. The annual attack rate of meningococcal disease in the Aboriginal population was 1.6/1000. The relative risk for secondary cases was estimated to be between 0.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.09-0.92) and 0.5 (95% CI, 0.15-1.53). The annual attack rate in the non-Aboriginal population was 0.04/1000. CONCLUSIONS The epidemic closely resembled those in sub-Saharan Africa, and in socioeconomically marginalised groups in developed countries. The relative risk for secondary cases was lower than generally reported, and was attributed to chemoprophylaxis for close contacts and the mass vaccination program for children. Until there are major improvements in living conditions, infectious diseases such as those transmitted by airborne droplets will continue to occur in Aboriginal communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Patel
- Communicable Diseases Control Centre, Department of Health and Community Services, Alice Springs, NT
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35
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Tait P, Hall D. Pharmacy involvement on a psychiatric unit at St. Paul's Hospital. Can J Hosp Pharm 1978; 31:201-4. [PMID: 10240005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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36
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Tait P. Carpal tunnel syndrome. The physiotherapist's role. Nurs Mirror Midwives J 1976; 142:52. [PMID: 1047362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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37
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38
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Tait P. Behavior of young blind children in a controlled play session. Percept Mot Skills 1972; 34:963-9. [PMID: 5040518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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39
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Niyogi AK, Swanston C, Tait P. Maltsters: A Preliminary Report. Occup Med (Lond) 1951. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/1.2.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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