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Mihailovic T, Groslambert A, Bouzigon R, Feaud S, Millet GP, Gimenez P. Acute Responses to Repeated-Sprint Training in Hypoxia Combined With Whole-Body Cryotherapy: A Preliminary Study. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2024; 19:280-289. [PMID: 38171353 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate acute psychophysiological responses to repeated-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) combined with whole-body cryotherapy (WBC). METHOD Sixteen trained cyclists performed 3 sessions in randomized order: RSH, WBC-RSH (WBC pre-RSH), and RSH-WBC (WBC post-RSH). RSH consisted of 3 sets of 5 × 10-second sprints with 20-second recovery at a simulated altitude of 3000 m. Power output, muscle oxygenation (tissue saturation index), heart-rate variability, and recovery perception were analyzed. Sleep quality was assessed on the nights following test sessions and compared with a control night using nocturnal ActiGraphy and heart-rate variability. RESULTS Power output did not differ between the conditions (P = .27), while the decrease in tissue saturation index was reduced for WBC-RSH compared to RSH-WBC in the last set. In both conditions with WBC, the recovery perception was higher compared to RSH (WBC-RSH: +15.4%, and RSH-WBC: +21.9%, P < .05). The number of movements during the RSH-WBC night was significantly lower than for the control night (-18.7%, P < .01) and WBC-RSH (-14.9%, P < .05). RSH led to a higher root mean square of the successive differences of R-R intervals and high-frequency band during the first hour of sleep compared to the control night (P < .05) and RSH-WBC (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Inclusion of WBC in an RSH session did not modify the power output but could improve prolonged performance in hypoxia by maintaining muscle oxygenation. A single RSH session did not deteriorate sleep quality. WBC, particularly when performed after RSH, positively influenced recovery perception and sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Mihailovic
- Laboratory of Culture, Sport, Health, Society (C3S-UR 4660), Sport and Performance Department, University of Franche-Comte, Besançon, France
- Inside the Athletes 3.0 (ITA 3.0), Besançon, France
- Besancon Fitness, Besancon, France
| | - Alain Groslambert
- Laboratory of Culture, Sport, Health, Society (C3S-UR 4660), Sport and Performance Department, University of Franche-Comte, Besançon, France
- Locomotion Athlete Material Environment Platform (Laboratory C3S-Groupama FDJ cycling team), Besançon, France
| | - Romain Bouzigon
- Laboratory of Culture, Sport, Health, Society (C3S-UR 4660), Sport and Performance Department, University of Franche-Comte, Besançon, France
- Inside the Athletes 3.0 (ITA 3.0), Besançon, France
- Besancon Fitness, Besancon, France
| | - Simon Feaud
- Laboratory of Culture, Sport, Health, Society (C3S-UR 4660), Sport and Performance Department, University of Franche-Comte, Besançon, France
| | - Grégoire P Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Gimenez
- Laboratory of Culture, Sport, Health, Society (C3S-UR 4660), Sport and Performance Department, University of Franche-Comte, Besançon, France
- Locomotion Athlete Material Environment Platform (Laboratory C3S-Groupama FDJ cycling team), Besançon, France
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Giancatarina M, Grandperrin Y, Nicolier M, Gimenez P, Vidal C, Tio G, Haffen E, Bennabi D, Grosprêtre S. Acute effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on postural control of trained athletes: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0286443. [PMID: 38236903 PMCID: PMC10795979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is used to modulate brain function, and can modulate motor and postural control. While the acute effect of tDCS is well documented on patients, little is still known whether tDCS can alter the motor control of healthy trained participants. This study aimed to assess the acute effect of tDCS on postural control of parkour practitioners, known for their good balance abilities and their neuromuscular specificities that make them good candidates for tDCS intervention. Eighteen parkour practitioners were tested on three occasions in the laboratory for each stimulation condition (2 mA; 20 minutes)-primary motor cortex (M1), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and sham (placebo). Postural control was evaluated PRE and POST each stimulation by measuring Center of Pressure (CoP) displacements on a force platform during static conditions (bipedal and unipedal stance). Following M1 stimulation, significant decreases were observed in CoP area in unipedal (from 607.1 ± 297.9 mm2 to 451.1 ± 173.9 mm2, P = 0.003) and bipedal (from 157.5 ± 74.1 mm2 to 117.6 ± 59.8 mm2 P<0.001) stances. As well, the CoP total length was significantly reduced in bipedal (from 3416.8 ± 295.4 mm to 3280.6 ± 306.2 mm, P = 0.005) as well as in unipedal stance (from 4259.6 ± 398.4 mm to 3846.5 ± 468.9 mm, P<0.001), only after M1 stimulation. Relative pre-post changes observed after M1 stimulation were negatively correlated to experience in parkour only after unipedal stance (r = 0.715, P<0.001), meaning that the more participants were trained the less tDCS was effective. No significant changes were noticed after sham and dlPFC stimulation. These results suggested that the modulation of gait performance in athletes following an acute intervention of tDCS is specific to the targeted brain region, and that postures with reduced base of support (such as unipedal stance) were more sensitive to tDCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Giancatarina
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA481, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Yohan Grandperrin
- Service de Psychiatrie de l’Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Magali Nicolier
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA481, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Service de Psychiatrie de l’Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Philippe Gimenez
- EA4660, C3S Culture Sport Health Society, Université de Franche -Comté, UFR STAPS, Besançon, France
| | - Chrystelle Vidal
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Gregory Tio
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA481, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Service de Psychiatrie de l’Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA481, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Service de Psychiatrie de l’Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
- Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon Besançon, France
| | - Djamila Bennabi
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA481, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Service de Psychiatrie de l’Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
- Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon Besançon, France
| | - Sidney Grosprêtre
- EA4660, C3S Culture Sport Health Society, Université de Franche -Comté, UFR STAPS, Besançon, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
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Marcel-Millet P, Cassirame J, Eon P, Williams-Bell FM, Gimenez P, Grosprêtre S. Physiological demands and physical performance determinants of a new firefighting simulation test. Ergonomics 2023; 66:2012-2024. [PMID: 36745493 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2177354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to examine physiological responses of firefighters performing a firefighting simulation test (FST) and to determine the relationship between physical fitness parameters and FST performance. Aerobic fitness, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and anaerobic capabilities were evaluated in 37 firefighters (21-profesionals and 16-volunteers firefighters). Furthermore, participants carried out the FST during which we measured performance, respiratory gas exchange, heart rate (HR), perceived exertion and blood lactate concentrations. Males were significantly faster than females for all tasks of the FST (p < 0.01); however, final performance score (16.5 ± 2.9 and 14.5 ± 2.6 points for males and females, respectively), HR (94.0 ± 2.0% and 93.7 ± 2.3% of HRmax) and perceived exertion (8.1 ± 0.9 and 7.1 ± 1.3) were not significantly different. Prediction of FST performance by LASSO regression revealed a model that included mainly aerobic capacity and maximal strength. In conclusion, FST challenged both aerobic and anaerobic energy metabolisms for both males and females and requires various physiological abilities to perform. Practitioner Summary: For the safety of firefighters and victims, firefighters must meet minimum physical requirements. 37 firefighters performed physical tests and a new firefighting test implemented for the recruitment of firefighters in France. The results revealed that this test is strenuous and that performance is associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength. Abbreviations: V̇O2: oxygen consumption; V̇CO2: carbon dioxyde production; V̇E: expired ventilation; RER: respiratory exchange ratio; FST: firefighting simulation test; MAS: maximal aerobic speed; HR: heart rate; RPE: rating of perceived exertion; MVC: maximum voluntary contraction; IMTP: isometric mid-thigh pull; TTE: time to exhaustion; Ppeak: peak power; Pmean: mean power; LASSO: least absolute shrinkage and selection operator; La-: blood lactate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philémon Marcel-Millet
- Département Sport et Performance, Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire C3S (Culture Sport Santé Société; EA 4660), Besançon, France
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Unité de Physiologie de l'Exercice et des Activités en Conditions Extrêmes, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Johan Cassirame
- Département Sport et Performance, Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire C3S (Culture Sport Santé Société; EA 4660), Besançon, France
- EA 7507, Laboratoire Performance, Santé, Métrologie, Universite de Reims Champagne Ardenne Bibliotheque Universitaire, Reims, Société, France
- Mtraining, R&D Division, Ecole Valentin, France
| | - Pauline Eon
- Département Sport et Performance, Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire C3S (Culture Sport Santé Société; EA 4660), Besançon, France
| | | | - Philippe Gimenez
- Département Sport et Performance, Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire C3S (Culture Sport Santé Société; EA 4660), Besançon, France
| | - Sidney Grosprêtre
- Département Sport et Performance, Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire C3S (Culture Sport Santé Société; EA 4660), Besançon, France
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Isacco L, Gimenez P, Ennequin G, Mourot L, Grosprêtre S. Cardiometabolic and neuromuscular analyses of the sit-to-stand transition to question its role in reducing sedentary patterns. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:1727-1739. [PMID: 35474143 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-04954-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To counteract the detrimental health effect of sitting all day long, it has been suggested to regularly break sitting time by standing. However, while the difference in energy expenditure, neuromuscular and/or cardiovascular demand of various postures from lying, sitting, and standing is well documented, little is known regarding the dynamic changes occurring during the sit-to-stand transition itself. The aim of the present study was then to describe the cardiometabolic and neuromuscular responses from sitting to standing and specifically during the time-course of this transition. Twelve healthy young participants were asked to perform standardized raises from sitting posture, while cardiometabolic (cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic variables) and neuromuscular (calf muscles' myoelectrical activity, spinal and supraspinal excitabilities) parameters were monitored. As a result, while there was a rapid adaptation for all the systems after rising, the neuromuscular system displayed the faster adaptation (~ 10 s), then hemodynamic (~ 10 to 20 s) and finally the metabolic variables (~ 30 to 40 s). Oxygen uptake, energy expenditure, ventilation, and heart rate were significantly higher and stroke volume significantly lower during standing period compared to sitting one. In calf muscles, spinal excitability (H-reflexes), was lowered by the sit-to-stand condition, while supraspinal drive (V-wave) was similar, indicating different cortico-spinal balance from sitting to standing. Although very heterogenous among participants in terms of magnitude, the present results showed a rapid adaptation for all the systems after rising and the health benefit, notably in terms of energy expenditure, appears rather modest, even if non negligeable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Isacco
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH, AME2P, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France. .,EA3920-Prognostic Markers and Regulatory Factors of Heart and Vascular Diseases, and Exercise Performance, Health, Innovation Platform, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
| | - Philippe Gimenez
- EA4660-C3S Laboratory, Culture, Sports, Health and Society, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Gaël Ennequin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH, AME2P, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laurent Mourot
- EA3920-Prognostic Markers and Regulatory Factors of Heart and Vascular Diseases, and Exercise Performance, Health, Innovation Platform, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sidney Grosprêtre
- EA4660-C3S Laboratory, Culture, Sports, Health and Society, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
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Grosprêtre S, Marusic U, Gimenez P, Ennequin G, Mourot L, Isacco L. Stand Up to Excite the Spine: Neuromuscular, Autonomic, and Cardiometabolic Responses During Motor Imagery in Standing vs. Sitting Posture. Front Physiol 2021; 12:762452. [PMID: 34887774 PMCID: PMC8649772 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.762452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor imagery (MI) for health and performance strategies has gained interest in recent decades. Nevertheless, there are still no studies that have comprehensively investigated the physiological responses during MI, and no one questions the influence of low-level contraction on these responses. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the neuromuscular, autonomic nervous system (ANS), and cardiometabolic changes associated with an acute bout of MI practice in sitting and standing condition. Twelve young healthy males (26.3 ± 4.4 years) participated in two experimental sessions (control vs. MI) consisting of two postural conditions (sitting vs. standing). ANS, hemodynamic and respiratory parameters, body sway parameters, and electromyography activity were continuously recorded, while neuromuscular parameters were recorded on the right triceps surae muscles before and after performing the postural conditions. While MI showed no effect on ANS, the standing posture increased the indices of sympathetic system activity and decreased those of the parasympathetic system (p < 0.05). Moreover, MI during standing induced greater spinal excitability compared to sitting posture (p < 0.05), which was accompanied with greater oxygen consumption, energy expenditure, ventilation, and lower cardiac output (p < 0.05). Asking individuals to perform MI of an isometric contraction while standing allows them to mentally focus on the motor command, not challenge balance, and produce specific cardiometabolic responses. Therefore, these results provide further evidence of posture and MI-related modulation of spinal excitability with additional autonomic and cardiometabolic responses in healthy young men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney Grosprêtre
- EA4660-C3S Laboratory - Culture, Sports, Health and Society, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Uros Marusic
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre of Koper, Koper, Slovenia.,Department of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea-ECM, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Philippe Gimenez
- EA4660-C3S Laboratory - Culture, Sports, Health and Society, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Gael Ennequin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH, AME2P, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laurent Mourot
- EA3920-Prognostic Markers and Regulatory Factors of Heart and Vascular Diseases, and Exercise Performance, Health, Innovation Platform, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Laurie Isacco
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH, AME2P, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,EA3920-Prognostic Markers and Regulatory Factors of Heart and Vascular Diseases, and Exercise Performance, Health, Innovation Platform, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
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Marcel-Millet P, Groslambert A, Gimenez P, Grosprêtre S, Ravier G. Psychophysiological responses of firefighters to day and night rescue interventions. Appl Ergon 2021; 95:103457. [PMID: 33984583 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed 1) to assess the psychophysiological responses throughout a rescue intervention performed during the day and at night and 2) to determine if a vibrating alarm influences these psychophysiological responses at night. Sixteen male firefighters completed a simulated intervention under three different conditions: 1) during the day with a sound alarm signal (DaySA), 2) during the night with a sound alarm signal (NightSA), 3) during the night with a vibrating alarm signal (NightVA). Cardiovascular and psychological stress were recorded throughout the interventions. During the alarm signal, HR reactivity was greater in NightSA than in DaySA (p < 0.01). Parasympathetic reactivation and self-confidence were significantly lower in NightSA than in DaySA (p < 0.05). HR reactivity was decreased in NightVA in comparison to NightSA (p < 0.05). Overall, the rescue intervention had a greater impact on the psychophysiological variables during the night than during the day, and the type of alarm had a minor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philémon Marcel-Millet
- University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comte, Laboratory C3S (EA 4660), Department Sport and Performance, UFR STAPS, 31 Chemin de l'Epitaphe, 25000, Besançon, France.
| | - Alain Groslambert
- University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comte, Laboratory C3S (EA 4660), Department Sport and Performance, UFR STAPS, 31 Chemin de l'Epitaphe, 25000, Besançon, France.
| | - Philippe Gimenez
- University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comte, Laboratory C3S (EA 4660), Department Sport and Performance, UFR STAPS, 31 Chemin de l'Epitaphe, 25000, Besançon, France.
| | - Sidney Grosprêtre
- University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comte, Laboratory C3S (EA 4660), Department Sport and Performance, UFR STAPS, 31 Chemin de l'Epitaphe, 25000, Besançon, France.
| | - Gilles Ravier
- University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comte, Laboratory C3S (EA 4660), Department Sport and Performance, UFR STAPS, 31 Chemin de l'Epitaphe, 25000, Besançon, France.
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Grosprêtre S, Gimenez P, Thouvenot A, Patoz A, Lussiana T, Mourot L. Different plantar flexors neuromuscular and mechanical characteristics depending on the preferred running form. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2021; 59:102568. [PMID: 34147852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2021.102568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two main types of endurance runners have been identified: aerial runners (AER), who have a larger flight time, and terrestrial runners (TER), who have a longer ground contact time. The purpose of this study was to assess the neuromuscular characteristics of plantar flexors between AER and TER runners. Twenty-four well-trained runners participated in the experiment. They were classified either in a TER or AER group according to the Volodalen® scale. Plantar flexors' maximal rate of force development (RFD) and maximal voluntary contraction force (MVC) were assessed. Percutaneous electrical stimulation was delivered to the posterior tibial nerve to evoke maximal M-waves and H-reflexes of the triceps surae muscles. These responses, as well as voluntary activation, muscle potentiation, and V-waves, were recorded by superimposing stimulations to MVCs. RFD was significantly higher in AER than in TER, while MVC remained unchanged. This was accompanied by higher myoelectrical activity recorded in the soleus muscle. While M-waves and other parameters remained unchanged, maximal H-reflex was significantly higher in AER than in TER, still in soleus only. The present study raised the possibility of different plantar flexors' neuromuscular characteristics according to running profile. These differences seemed to be focused on the soleus rather than on the gastrocnemii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney Grosprêtre
- EA4660-C3S Laboratory - Culture, Sports, Health and Society, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
| | - Philippe Gimenez
- EA4660-C3S Laboratory - Culture, Sports, Health and Society, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Adrien Thouvenot
- Research and Development Department, Volodalen, Chavéria, France; EA3920-Prognostic Markers and Regulatory Factors of Heart and Vascular Diseases, and Exercise Performance, Health, Innovation Platform, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Aurélien Patoz
- Research and Development Department, Volodalen Swiss Sport Lab, Aigle, Switzerland
| | - Thibault Lussiana
- Research and Development Department, Volodalen, Chavéria, France; EA3920-Prognostic Markers and Regulatory Factors of Heart and Vascular Diseases, and Exercise Performance, Health, Innovation Platform, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Laurent Mourot
- EA3920-Prognostic Markers and Regulatory Factors of Heart and Vascular Diseases, and Exercise Performance, Health, Innovation Platform, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
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Marcel-Millet P, Gimenez P, Groslambert A, Ravier G, Grospretre S. The type of visual biofeedback influences maximal handgrip strength and activation strategies. Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 121:1607-1616. [PMID: 33649937 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04640-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the effects of force and electromyographic (EMG) feedbacks on forearm muscle activations and handgrip maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC). METHODS Sixteen males performed a set of MIVC in four different feedback conditions: (1) NO-FB: no feedback is given to the participant; (2) FORCE-FB: participants received a visual feedback of the produced force; (3) AGO-FB: participants received a visual feedback of the EMG activity of two agonist grip muscles; (4) ANTAGO-FB: participants received a visual feedback of the EMG activity of two hand extensors muscles. Each feedback was displayed by monitoring the signal of either force or electrical activity of the corresponding muscles. RESULTS Compared to NO-FB, FORCE-FB was associated with a higher MIVC force (+ 11%, P < 0.05), a higher EMG activity of agonist and antagonist muscles (+ 8.7% and + 9.2%, respectively, P < 0.05) and a better MIVC/EMG ratio with the agonist muscles (P < 0.05). AGO-FB was associated with a higher EMG activity of agonist muscles (P < 0.05) and ANTAGO-FB was associated with a higher EMG activity of antagonist muscles (P < 0.05). MIVC force was higher in the agonist feedback condition than in the antagonist feedback condition (+ 5.9%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results showed that the MIVC force can be influenced by different visuals feedback, such as force or EMG feedbacks. Moreover, these results suggested that the type of feedback employed could modify the EMG-to-force relationships. Finally, EMG biofeedback could represent an interesting tool to optimize motor strategies. But in the purpose of performing the highest strength independently of the strategy, the force feedback should be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philémon Marcel-Millet
- EA4660, C3S Laboratory, UPFR Sports, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 31, Chemin de l'Epitaphe, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Philippe Gimenez
- EA4660, C3S Laboratory, UPFR Sports, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 31, Chemin de l'Epitaphe, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Alain Groslambert
- EA4660, C3S Laboratory, UPFR Sports, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 31, Chemin de l'Epitaphe, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Gilles Ravier
- EA4660, C3S Laboratory, UPFR Sports, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 31, Chemin de l'Epitaphe, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Sidney Grospretre
- EA4660, C3S Laboratory, UPFR Sports, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 31, Chemin de l'Epitaphe, 25000, Besançon, France.
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Grandperrin Y, Grosprêtre S, Nicolier M, Gimenez P, Vidal C, Haffen E, Bennabi D. Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on sports performance for two profiles of athletes (power and endurance) (COMPETE): a protocol for a randomised, crossover, double blind, controlled exploratory trial. Trials 2020; 21:461. [PMID: 32493462 PMCID: PMC7268738 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-04412-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is promising for improving motor and cognitive performance. Nevertheless, its mechanisms of action are unclear and need to be better characterised according to the stimulated brain area and the type of exercise performed. METHODS/DESIGN This is a double-blind crossover study, organised into two parts: the first is to assess the effects of tDCS on explosive performance (jump task) and the second is to assess the effects on endurance performance (cycling time trial task). Participants, who are recreationally active or athletes (parkour practitioners, cyclists), will receive two active tDCS sessions (over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right motor cortex) and one sham tDCS session (part A), or two sequences (one active and one sham) of two daily tDCS sessions over 5 days (part B). Motor and cognitive performance will be compared before and after tDCS sessions (part A), and before and after the first session, after the last session and at day 12 and day 30 of each tDCS sequence (part B). DISCUSSION This study investigates the acute and repeated effects of tDCS on the motor and cognitive performance of healthy subjects. It will try to evaluate if tDCS could be considered as a neuroenhancement technology according to the physical task investigated (endurance versus explosive). TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03937115. Registered on 3 May 2019; retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Grandperrin
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France.
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA481, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25000, Besançon, France.
| | - Sidney Grosprêtre
- Laboratoire Culture, Sport, Santé, Société EA 4660, Université de Bourgogne Franche -Comté, UPFR Sports, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Magali Nicolier
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA481, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25000, Besançon, France
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Gimenez
- Laboratoire Culture, Sport, Santé, Société EA 4660, Université de Bourgogne Franche -Comté, UPFR Sports, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Chrystelle Vidal
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA481, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25000, Besançon, France
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France
- Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Djamila Bennabi
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA481, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25000, Besançon, France
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France
- Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France
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Grosprêtre S, Gimenez P, Mourot L, Coratella G. Elastic band exercise induces greater neuromuscular fatigue than phasic isometric contractions. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2019; 47:113-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Gimenez P, Chicoine E, Amarantini D, Maso FD, Tremblay J. Unilateral Conditioning Contractions Enhance Power Output in Elite Short Track Speed Skaters. Sports Med Int Open 2018; 2:E185-E190. [PMID: 30539137 PMCID: PMC6277240 DOI: 10.1055/a-0770-4699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of unilateral lower-body-conditioning muscle contractions during multiple sets of fatiguing repeated jumps in elite athletes. Five elite short-track speed-skating athletes performed 9 sets of 6 maximal consecutive jumps on 2 separate occasions: with (COND) and without (CTRL) preliminary voluntary conditioning contractions (CC) 5 min before the beginning of the sets. The CC consisted of 2 consecutive 3 s maximal unilateral isometric squats against a fixed bar, resulting in a 6 s overall isometric contraction per leg. For each set, power output (PO) was measured using a linear position transducer and averaged over the 6 corresponding repeated jumps. The results showed that PO was significantly greater during the test in COND than in CTRL ( p <0.01). PO significantly decreased with sets, by 19.4±4.7 and 15.2±7.6% ( p <0.001) between the first and last set in COND and CTRL, respectively. A 2×3 s maximal unilateral isometric CC, performed 5 min before unloaded repeated jumps, significantly increased mean PO. These results suggest that unilateral conditioning contractions can enhance performance in subsequent bilateral repeated jumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Gimenez
- Laboratoire C3S (EA 4660), Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Evelyne Chicoine
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - David Amarantini
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, France
| | - Fabien Dal Maso
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, laboratoire de simulation et modélisation du mouvement, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Jonathan Tremblay
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.,Institut National du Sport du Québec, Montréal, Canada
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Edouard P, Mendiguchia J, Lahti J, Arnal PJ, Gimenez P, Jiménez-Reyes P, Brughelli M, Samozino P, Morin JB. Sprint Acceleration Mechanics in Fatigue Conditions: Compensatory Role of Gluteal Muscles in Horizontal Force Production and Potential Protection of Hamstring Muscles. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1706. [PMID: 30555346 PMCID: PMC6283907 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Hamstring muscle injury is the main injury related to sports requiring sprint acceleration. In addition, hamstring muscles have been reported to play a role in horizontal force production during sprint acceleration performance. The aim of the present study was to analyze (i) the determinants of horizontal force production and (ii) the role of hip extensors, and hamstring muscles in particular, for horizontal force production during repeated sprint-induced fatigue conditions. Method: In this experimental laboratory setting study including 14 sprint-trained male athletes, we analyzed (i) the changes in sprint mechanics, peak torque of the knee and hip extensors and flexors, muscle activity of the vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and gluteus, and sagittal plane lower limb motion, before and after twelve 6-s sprints separated by 44 s rest on an instrumented motorized treadmill, and (ii) the determinants of horizontal force production (FH ) during the sprint acceleration in a fatigue state (after 12 sprints). Results: The repeated-sprint protocol induced a decrease in maximal power output (Pmax) [-17.5 ± 8.9%; effect size (ES): 1.57, large] and in the contact-averaged horizontal force component (FH ) (-8.6 ± 8.4%; ES: 0.86, moderate) but not meaningful changes in the contact-averaged resultant (total) force (FTot ) (-3.4 ± 2.9%; ES: 0.55, small) and vertical force component (FV ) (-3.1 ± 3.2%; ES: 0.49, small). A decrease was found in concentric peak torque of the knee flexors and extensors and in gluteus and vastus lateralis muscle activity during entire swing and end-of-swing phase. An increase was found in contact time and swing time, while step frequency and knee speed before ground contact decreased. Muscular determinants associated with FH and its decrease after the repeated-sprint protocol were concentric peak torque of the hip extensors (p = 0.033) and a decrease in gluteus maximus activity at the end-of-swing (p = 0.007), respectively. Conclusion: Sprint-induced fatigue lead to changes in horizontal force production muscular determinants: hamstring muscle seems not to have the same role than in non-fatigue condition. Horizontal force production seems to be more dependent on the hip extensors and gluteus maximus function. Given the fatigue-induced decrease in hamstring muscle strength, we can hypothesize that muscle compensatory and kinematic strategies reported in a fatigued state could be an adaptation to allow/maintain performance and a protective adaptation to limit hamstring muscles constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Edouard
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Science (LIBM EA 7424), University of Lyon, University Jean Monnet, Saint Etienne, France.,Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, Sports Medicine Unity, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Étienne, France.,Medical Commission, French Athletics Federation, Paris, France
| | - Jurdan Mendiguchia
- Department of Physical Therapy, ZENTRUM Rehab and Performance Center, Barañain, Spain
| | - Johan Lahti
- Université Côte d'Azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France.,Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | - Philippe Gimenez
- Laboratory Culture Sport Health Society (EA 4660), University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Pedro Jiménez-Reyes
- Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of San Antonio, Murcia, Spain.,Centre for Sport Studies, King Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matt Brughelli
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Pierre Samozino
- Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, EA 7424, Chambéry, France
| | - Jean-Benoit Morin
- Université Côte d'Azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France.,Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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Marcel-Millet P, Ravier G, Grospretre S, Gimenez P, Freidig S, Groslambert A. Physiological responses and parasympathetic reactivation in rescue interventions: The effect of the breathing apparatus. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:2710-2722. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.13291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philémon Marcel-Millet
- UPFR des Sports; Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; Besançon France
- Laboratoire C3S (EA 4660), Département Sport-Performance; Besançon France
| | - Gilles Ravier
- UPFR des Sports; Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; Besançon France
- Laboratoire C3S (EA 4660), Département Sport-Performance; Besançon France
| | - Sidney Grospretre
- UPFR des Sports; Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; Besançon France
- Laboratoire C3S (EA 4660), Département Sport-Performance; Besançon France
| | - Philippe Gimenez
- UPFR des Sports; Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; Besançon France
- Laboratoire C3S (EA 4660), Département Sport-Performance; Besançon France
| | - Sébastien Freidig
- Service Départemental d'Incendie et de Secours du Doubs; Besançon France
| | - Alain Groslambert
- UPFR des Sports; Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; Besançon France
- Laboratoire C3S (EA 4660), Département Sport-Performance; Besançon France
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14
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Coratella G, Grosprêtre S, Gimenez P, Mourot L. Greater fatigability in knee-flexors vs. knee-extensors after a standardized fatiguing protocol. Eur J Sport Sci 2018; 18:1110-1118. [PMID: 29738677 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1469674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a standardized fatiguing protocol on central and peripheral fatigue in knee-flexors and knee-extensors. Thirteen healthy men (age: 23 ± 3 years; height: 1.78 ± 0.09 m; body-mass: 73.6 ± 9.2 kg) volunteered for the present study. Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), Electromyography (EMG) activity, voluntary activation level (VAL) as an index of central fatigue and twitch potentiation as an index of peripheral fatigue were measured before and after the fatiguing protocol. The fatiguing protocol consisted of a 0.6 duty-cycle to exhaustion (6 s isometric contraction, 4 s recovery) at 70% MVC. After the fatiguing protocol, MVC decreased in both (Effect-size (ES) = 1.14) and knee-extensors (ES = 1.14), and EMG activity increased in both knee-flexors (ES = 2.33) and knee-extensors (ES = 1.54). Decreases in VAL occurred in knee-flexors (ES = 0.92) but not in knee-extensors (ES = 0.04). Decreases in potentiation occurred in both knee-flexors (ES = 0.84) and knee-extensors (ES = 0.58). The greater central occurrence of fatigue in knee-flexors than in knee-extensors may depend on the different muscle morphology and coupled with a greater tolerance to fatigue in knee-extensors. The present data add further insight to the complicated knee-flexors-to-knee-extensors strength relationship and the mechanisms behind the different occurrence of fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Coratella
- a EA4660-C3S Laboratory - Culture, Sports, Health and Society and Exercise Performance, Health, Innovation Platform , Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Besançon , France.,b Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Sidney Grosprêtre
- a EA4660-C3S Laboratory - Culture, Sports, Health and Society and Exercise Performance, Health, Innovation Platform , Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Besançon , France
| | - Philippe Gimenez
- a EA4660-C3S Laboratory - Culture, Sports, Health and Society and Exercise Performance, Health, Innovation Platform , Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Besançon , France
| | - Laurent Mourot
- c EA3920-Prognostic Markers and Regulatory Factors of Heart and Vascular Diseases and Exercise Performance, Health, Innovation Platform , Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Besançon , France.,d Department of Physical Training , Tomsk Polytechnic University , Tomsk , Russia
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15
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Grosprêtre S, Gimenez P, Martin A. Neuromuscular and electromechanical properties of ultra-power athletes: the traceurs. Eur J Appl Physiol 2018; 118:1361-1371. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-018-3868-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Edouard P, Arnal P, Gimenez P, Samozino P, Jimenez-Reyes P, Brughelli M, Mendiguchia J, Morin JB. Athletic injury prevention: Determinants of sprint performance. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2016.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Lalonde F, Caru M, Chantal D, Gimenez P, Tremblay J, Curnier D. The Link Between Remote Ischemic Preconditioning, Performance And Oxygen Uptake Kinetics. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000487824.99526.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Reymond S, Gimenez P, Serduc R, Arnaud J, Kleman J, Djonov V, Graber W, Laissue J, Kim J, Seo S, Ravanat J, Elleaume H. EP-2035: Internalization of iron nanoparticles by macrophages for the improvement of glioma treatment. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)33286-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Giandolini M, Gimenez P, Temesi J, Arnal PJ, Martin V, Rupp T, Morin JB, Samozino P, Millet GY. Effect of the Fatigue Induced by a 110-km Ultramarathon on Tibial Impact Acceleration and Lower Leg Kinematics. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151687. [PMID: 27031830 PMCID: PMC4816299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultramarathon runners are exposed to a high number of impact shocks and to severe neuromuscular fatigue. Runners may manage mechanical stress and muscle fatigue by changing their running kinematics. Our purposes were to study (i) the effects of a 110-km mountain ultramarathon (MUM) on tibial shock acceleration and lower limb kinematics, and (ii) whether kinematic changes are modulated according to the severity of neuromuscular fatigue. Twenty-three runners participated in the study. Pre- and post-MUM, neuromuscular tests were performed to assess knee extensor (KE) and plantar flexor (PF) central and peripheral fatigue, and a treadmill running bouts was completed during which step frequency, peak acceleration, median frequency and impact frequency content were measured from tibial acceleration, as well as foot-to-treadmill, tibia-to-treadmill, and ankle flexion angles at initial contact, and ankle range of motion using video analysis. Large neuromuscular fatigue, including peripheral changes and deficits in voluntary activation, was observed in KE and PF. MVC decrements of ~35% for KE and of ~28% for PF were noted. Among biomechanical variables, step frequency increased by ~2.7% and the ankle range of motion decreased by ~4.1% post-MUM. Runners adopting a non rearfoot strike pre-MUM adopted a less plantarflexed foot strike pattern post-MUM while those adopting a rearfoot strike pre-MUM tended to adopt a less dorsiflexed foot strike pattern post-MUM. Positive correlations were observed between percent changes in peripheral PF fatigue and the ankle range of motion. Peripheral PF fatigue was also significantly correlated to both percent changes in step frequency and the ankle angle at contact. This study suggests that in a fatigued state, ultratrail runners use compensatory/protective adjustments leading to a flatter foot landing and this is done in a fatigue dose-dependent manner. This strategy may aim at minimizing the overall load applied to the musculoskeletal system, including impact shock and muscle stretch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Giandolini
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), University Savoie Mont Blanc, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Philippe Gimenez
- Laboratory Culture Sport Health Society (EA 4660), University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - John Temesi
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Pierrick J. Arnal
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Fatigue and Vigilance Team, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Vincent Martin
- Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l’Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (EA3533), Université Blaise Pascal Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Thomas Rupp
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), University Savoie Mont Blanc, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
| | - Jean-Benoit Morin
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
- Laboratory of Human Motricity, Education Sport and Health (EA6312), University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Pierre Samozino
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), University Savoie Mont Blanc, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
| | - Guillaume Y. Millet
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
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Morin JB, Gimenez P, Edouard P, Arnal P, Jiménez-Reyes P, Samozino P, Brughelli M, Mendiguchia J. Sprint Acceleration Mechanics: The Major Role of Hamstrings in Horizontal Force Production. Front Physiol 2015; 6:404. [PMID: 26733889 PMCID: PMC4689850 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent literature supports the importance of horizontal ground reaction force (GRF) production for sprint acceleration performance. Modeling and clinical studies have shown that the hip extensors are very likely contributors to sprint acceleration performance. We experimentally tested the role of the hip extensors in horizontal GRF production during short, maximal, treadmill sprint accelerations. Torque capabilities of the knee and hip extensors and flexors were assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer in 14 males familiar with sprint running. Then, during 6-s sprints on an instrumented motorized treadmill, horizontal and vertical GRF were synchronized with electromyographic (EMG) activity of the vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and gluteus maximus averaged over the first half of support, entire support, entire swing and end-of-swing phases. No significant correlations were found between isokinetic or EMG variables and horizontal GRF. Multiple linear regression analysis showed a significant relationship (P = 0.024) between horizontal GRF and the combination of biceps femoris EMG activity during the end of the swing and the knee flexors eccentric peak torque. In conclusion, subjects who produced the greatest amount of horizontal force were both able to highly activate their hamstring muscles just before ground contact and present high eccentric hamstring peak torque capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Benoît Morin
- Laboratory of Human Motricity, Education Sport and Health (EA6312), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis Nice, France
| | - Philippe Gimenez
- Laboratory Culture Sport Health Society (EA 4660), University of Franche-Comté Besançon, France
| | - Pascal Edouard
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), University of LyonSaint-Etienne, France; Sports Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Saint-EtienneSaint-Etienne, France
| | - Pierrick Arnal
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), University of Lyon Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Pedro Jiménez-Reyes
- Faculty of Physical Sciences and Sport, Catholic University of San Antonio Murcia, Spain
| | - Pierre Samozino
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), University Savoie Mont Blanc Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
| | - Matt Brughelli
- School of Sport and Recreation, Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jurdan Mendiguchia
- Department of Physical Therapy, ZENTRUM Rehab and Performance Center Barañain, Spain
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Lapole T, Temesi J, Gimenez P, Arnal PJ, Millet GY, Petitjean M. Achilles tendon vibration-induced changes in plantar flexor corticospinal excitability. Exp Brain Res 2014; 233:441-8. [PMID: 25370344 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-014-4125-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Daily Achilles tendon vibration has been shown to increase muscle force, likely via corticospinal neural adaptations. The aim of the present study was to determine the extent by which corticospinal excitability is influenced during direct Achilles tendon vibration. Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) were elicited in the soleus (SOL), gastrocnemius medialis (GM) and tibialis anterior (TA) by transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortical area of the leg with and without Achilles tendon vibration at various frequencies (50, 80 and 110 Hz). Contralateral homologues were also investigated. SOL and GM MEP amplitude significantly increased by 226 ± 188 and 66 ± 39%, respectively, during Achilles tendon vibration, without any difference between the tested frequencies. No MEP changes were reported for TA or contralateral homologues. Increased SOL and GM MEP amplitude suggests increased vibration-induced corticospinal excitability independent of vibration frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lapole
- Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Exercice, Université de Lyon, 42023, Saint Etienne, France,
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Gimenez P, Arnal PJ, Samozino P, Millet GY, Morin JB. Simulation of uphill/downhill running on a level treadmill using additional horizontal force. J Biomech 2014; 47:2517-21. [PMID: 24811045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Tilting treadmills allow a convenient study of biomechanics during uphill/downhill running, but they are not commonly available and there is even fewer tilting force-measuring treadmill. The aim of the present study was to compare uphill/downhill running on a treadmill (inclination of ± 8%) with running on a level treadmill using additional backward or forward pulling forces to simulate the effect of gravity. This comparison specifically focused on the energy cost of running, stride frequency (SF), electromyographic activity (EMG), leg and foot angles at foot strike, and ground impact shock. The main results are that SF, impact shock, and leg and foot angle parameters determined were very similar and significantly correlated between the two methods, the intercept and slope of the linear regression not differing significantly from zero and unity, respectively. The correlation of oxygen uptake (V̇O2) data between both methods was not significant during uphill running (r=0.42; P>0.05). V̇O2 data were correlated during downhill running (r=0.74; P<0.01) but there was a significant difference between the methods (bias=-2.51 ± 1.94 ml min(-1) kg(-1)). Linear regressions for EMG of vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius lateralis, soleus and tibialis anterior were not different from the identity line but the systematic bias was elevated for this parameter. In conclusion, this method seems appropriate for the study of SF, leg and foot angle, impact shock parameters but is less applicable for physiological variables (EMG and energy cost) during uphill/downhill running when using a tilting force-measuring treadmill is not possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Gimenez
- Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Exercice, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France.
| | - Pierrick J Arnal
- Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Exercice, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Pierre Samozino
- Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Exercice (EA4338), Université de Savoie, F-73376 Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
| | - Guillaume Y Millet
- Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Exercice, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jean-Benoit Morin
- Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Exercice, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France
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Giandolini M, Poupard T, Gimenez P, Horvais N, Millet GY, Morin JB, Samozino P. A simple field method to identify foot strike pattern during running. J Biomech 2014; 47:1588-93. [PMID: 24679708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Identifying foot strike patterns in running is an important issue for sport clinicians, coaches and footwear industrials. Current methods allow the monitoring of either many steps in laboratory conditions or only a few steps in the field. Because measuring running biomechanics during actual practice is critical, our purpose is to validate a method aiming at identifying foot strike patterns during continuous field measurements. Based on heel and metatarsal accelerations, this method requires two uniaxial accelerometers. The time between heel and metatarsal acceleration peaks (THM) was compared to the foot strike angle in the sagittal plane (αfoot) obtained by 2D video analysis for various conditions of speed, slope, footwear, foot strike and state of fatigue. Acceleration and kinematic measurements were performed at 1000Hz and 120Hz, respectively, during 2-min treadmill running bouts. Significant correlations were observed between THM and αfoot for 14 out of 15 conditions. The overall correlation coefficient was r=0.916 (P<0.0001, n=288). The THM method is thus highly reliable for a wide range of speeds and slopes, and for all types of foot strike except for extreme forefoot strike during which the heel rarely or never strikes the ground, and for different footwears and states of fatigue. We proposed a classification based on THM: FFS<-5.49ms<MFS<15.2ms<RFS. With only a few precautions being necessary to ensure appropriate use of this method, it is reliable for distinguishing rearfoot and non-rearfoot strikers in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlène Giandolini
- University of Lyon, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), F-42000 Saint-Etienne, France; Salomon SAS, Amer Sports Footwear Laboratory of Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology, F-74996 Annecy, France; University of Savoie, F-73376 Le Bourget-du-Lac, France; Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), F-73376 Le Bourget-du-Lac, France.
| | - Thibaut Poupard
- University of Lyon, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), F-42000 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Philippe Gimenez
- University of Lyon, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), F-42000 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Nicolas Horvais
- Salomon SAS, Amer Sports Footwear Laboratory of Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology, F-74996 Annecy, France; University of Savoie, F-73376 Le Bourget-du-Lac, France; Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), F-73376 Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
| | - Guillaume Y Millet
- University of Lyon, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), F-42000 Saint-Etienne, France; Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jean-Benoît Morin
- University of Lyon, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), F-42000 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Pierre Samozino
- University of Savoie, F-73376 Le Bourget-du-Lac, France; Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), F-73376 Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
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Samozino P, Edouard P, Sangnier S, Brughelli M, Gimenez P, Morin JB. Force-velocity profile: imbalance determination and effect on lower limb ballistic performance. Int J Sports Med 2013; 35:505-10. [PMID: 24227123 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1354382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to lend experimental support to the theoretical influence of force-velocity (F-v) mechanical profile on jumping performance independently from the effect of maximal power output (P max ). 48 high-level athletes (soccer players, sprinters, rugby players) performed maximal squat jumps with additional loads from 0 to 100% of body mass. During each jump, mean force, velocity and power output were obtained using a simple computation method based on flight time, and then used to determine individual linear F-v relationships and P max values. Actual and optimal F-v profiles were computed for each subject to quantify mechanical F-v imbalance. A multiple regression analysis showed, with a high-adjustment quality (r²=0.931, P<0.001, SEE=0.015 m), significant contributions of P max , F-v imbalance and lower limb extension range (h PO ) to explain interindividual differences in jumping performance (P<0.001) with positive regression coefficients for P max and h PO and a negative one for F-v imbalance. This experimentally supports that ballistic performance depends, in addition to P max , on the F-v profile of lower limbs. This adds support to the actual existence of an individual optimal F-v profile that maximizes jumping performance, a F-v imbalance being associated to a lower performance. These results have potential strong applications in the field of strength and conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Samozino
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), University of Savoie, Le Bourget du Lac, France
| | - P Edouard
- Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, Sports Medicine Unity, University-Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France
| | - S Sangnier
- Centre d'Etude des Transformations des Activités Physiques et Sportives (EA 3832), University of Rouen, France
| | - M Brughelli
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, AUT University, -Auckland, New Zealand
| | - P Gimenez
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), University of Lyon, Saint Etienne, France
| | - J-B Morin
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (EA4338), University of Lyon, Saint Etienne, France
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Giandolini M, Gimenez P, Millet GY, Morin JB, Samozino P. Consequences of an ultra-trail on impact and lower limb kinematics in male and female runners. Footwear Science 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2013.799527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE Although fatigue generally increases the energy cost of running (Cr), the changes of Cr and associated variables during an ultramarathon are not known. This study aimed to determine the changes of metabolic and cardiovascular adjustments during an ultraendurance exercise. METHODS Twelve healthy males ran 24 h on a motorized treadmill (24TR). Overall oxygen consumption (V˙O2 mL·min·kg), net energy cost (Cr J·kg·m), and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were determined before, every 2 h, and after the 24TR at 8 km·h. Running speed and heart rate (HR) were continuously measured during the 24TR. RESULTS V˙O2 increased (+7.6%, P < 0.001) during the 24TR, principally in the first 8 h of exercise. The RER mirrored changes in V˙O2, that is, decreased significantly until the eighth hour and remained constant thereafter. As a consequence of RER decrease, the increased Cr was markedly attenuated but was still significantly higher at the 8th and 12th hour compared with pre-24TR. Speed was constant over the first 6 h then significantly decreased during the 24TR. HR increased until the sixth hour (i.e., HR drift), then decreased until post-24TR. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation (R = 0.75, P < 0.01) was observed between the velocity sustained during the 24TR (expressed in percentage of the velocity attained at V˙O2max: %VV˙O2max) and the pre- to postchanges in Cr. CONCLUSIONS The present study characterized accurately the changes of energy cost and substrate use during an extreme run, showing a plateau after 8 h of exercise. It is also concluded that the participants who maintained the highest %VV˙O2max were also those having most deteriorated their Cr over the 24TR, supporting the notion of a trade-off between running speed (relative to VV˙O2max) and Cr.
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Busso T, Gimenez P, Chatagnon M. A comparison of modelling procedures used to estimate the power–exhaustion time relationship. Eur J Appl Physiol 2009; 108:257-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-009-1213-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gimenez P, Busso T. Implications of breath-by-breath oxygen uptake determination on kinetics assessment during exercise. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2008; 162:238-41. [PMID: 18682302 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2008.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2008] [Revised: 06/10/2008] [Accepted: 07/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We tested that the breath-by-breath V(O2) determination by an algorithm termed BR did not bias the kinetics parameters. It was compared to two other algorithms using a correction for changes in lung gas stores between two successive breaths (AU, W) and one without correction (NC). Ten healthy male subjects cycled 10 min at 15 and 30 W below and above ventilatory threshold (VT) after 3 min at 0 W. The breath-by-breath V(O2) variability was lower with BR than the other methods during the last 3 min at each power. V(O2) kinetics was described by a mono-exponential model at power below VT and a bi-exponential model above VT. Differences in parameter were only observed for the primary component between estimates using AU and NC. The between-subject variability in the parameters of the slow component at 15 W above VT was lower with AU and BR than W and NC. It was concluded that the BR algorithm could be used to analyse the V(O2) kinetics during exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Gimenez
- Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Exercice, Université de Saint-Etienne, France.
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Serrano A, Gimenez P, Schmidt A, Sandmann G. Immunocytochemical localization and functional determination of phytoene desaturase in photoautotrophic prokaryotes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1099/00221287-136-12-2465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Thorne NA, Thuéry P, Frichet A, Gimenez P, Sartre A. Hydration of oxide films on aluminium and its relation to polymer adhesion. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.740160151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bedoch JP, Gimenez P, De Longueville Y. Mesure par interférométrie de la mise en vitesse d'une plaque lors d'un relèvement plan par explosif. Propellants Explos Pyrotech 1985. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.19850100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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