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Role of Surface Chemistry of Ta Metal Foil on the Growth of GaN Nanorods by Laser Molecular Beam Epitaxy and Their Field Emission Characteristics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38427781 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the influence of surface nitridation of Ta metal foil substrates on the growth of GaN nanorods using the laser molecular beam epitaxy (LMBE) technique and the field emission characteristics of the grown GaN nanorod ensemble. Surface morphology examinations underscore the pivotal role of Ta foil nitridation in shaping the dimensions and densities of GaN nanorods. Bare Ta foil fosters the formation of high-density, vertically self-aligned GaN nanorods at a growth temperature of 700 °C. Furthermore, the density of these nanorods is directly related to the duration of Ta foil nitridation, with increased duration leading to a reduced nanorod density. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) studies reveal that the transition of the Ta foil surface from tantalum oxide to tantalum nitride during nitridation emerges as a crucial factor influencing GaN nanorod growth. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy at ambient temperature reveals a strong near-band-edge (NBE) emission peak with negligible defect-related peaks, displaying the high optical quality of the GaN nanorods. The highly dense vertically aligned GaN nanorod ensemble growth without Ta prenitridation exhibits the most favorable field emission performance, featuring a turn-on field of 2.1 V/μm, a field enhancement factor of 2480, and a stable long-term operation at the emission current density of 2.26 mA/cm2. This study advances the understanding of the role of the surface chemistry of metal foil in determining GaN nanorod growth and opens up exciting possibilities for tailoring advanced optoelectronic devices for specific application requirements.
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Endowing networks with desired symmetries and modular behavior. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:054309. [PMID: 38115459 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.054309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Symmetries in a network regulate its organization into functional clustered states. Given a generic ensemble of nodes and a desirable cluster (or group of clusters), we exploit the direct connection between the elements of the eigenvector centrality and the graph symmetries to generate a network equipped with the desired cluster(s), with such a synthetical structure being furthermore perfectly reflected in the modular organization of the network's functioning. Our results solve a relevant problem of designing a desired set of clusters and are of generic application in all cases where a desired parallel functioning needs to be blueprinted.
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Charge-transfer-driven enhanced room-temperature ferromagnetism in BiFeO 3/Ag nanocomposite. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34. [PMID: 37669646 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acf6c6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
We report observation of more than an order of magnitude jump in saturation magnetization in BiFeO3/Ag nanocomposite at room temperature compared to what is observed in bare BiFeO3nanoparticles. Using transmission electron microscopy together with energy dispersive x-ray spectra (which maps the element concentration across the BiFeO3/Ag interface) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, we show that both the observed specific self-assembly pattern of BiFeO3and Ag nanoparticles and the charge transfer between Ag and O are responsible for such an enormous rise in room-temperature magnetization. The BiFeO3/Ag nanocomposites, therefore, could prove to be extremely useful for a variety of applications including biomedical.
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Airway Epithelial Cell Apoptosis in Acute Cellular Rejection (ACR) and Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction (CLAD). J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from the poultry production system in Nepal. Public Health Action 2022; 12:165-170. [PMID: 36561909 PMCID: PMC9716825 DOI: 10.5588/pha.22.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING Twenty poultry farms in five provinces of Nepal were selected for studying bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns. OBJECTIVE To document the proportion of cloacal swabs collected from 3,230 broiler and 3,230 layer chickens from September to December 2021 that grew isolates of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp. and Salmonella spp. along with their AMR patterns. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. RESULTS In broiler birds, Enterococcus spp., Salmonella spp. and E. coli were identified in respectively 36%, 39% and 63% of swabs. In layer birds, Enterococcus spp., Salmonella spp. and E. coli were identified in respectively 31%, 48% and 60% of swabs. For both bird types, there was variation in bacterial prevalence between the regions. For all three bacterial isolates, the lowest antimicrobial resistance was found with amikacin. For the other nine antibiotics tested, >50% of bacterial isolates showed resistance; between 60% and 90% of isolates showed resistance to ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Multidrug resistance ranged from 45% to 46% for Salmonella spp., 37-44% for E. coli and 13-17% for Enterococcus spp. CONCLUSION This study shows that a large proportion of poultry in Nepal are infected with potentially pathogenic bacteria, and these are frequently resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Nepal urgently needs to implement corrective measures.
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A membrane-based green and low-cost system for ensuring safe drinking water in a selenium-affected region. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 324:116361. [PMID: 36198222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Towards an efficient, low-cost solution to the problem of contamination of groundwater by selenium leached out from earth's mineral crust, a new system is developed using a novel graphene-based nanocomposite membrane. The system not only purified selenium-contaminated groundwater with high degree but also ensured safe disposal of the rejected selenium through algorithmic chemical stabilization in a mineral matrix. All experiments were conducted with live contaminated water from selenium affected area rather than using synthetic solution in a semi-pilot unit involving a largely fouling-free flat sheet cross-flow membrane module. Pure water flux of up to 190 Lm-2h-1(LMH) with 96-97% selenium rejection at an optimum operating pressure of only 14 bar could be achieved. Rejected selenium was stabilized in mineral matrix through chemical coagulation-precipitation using suitable coagulants following prior optimization of the critical operating parameters by Model-based calibration toolbox (MATLAB R2020a). A high degree of stabilization efficiency (99.8%) could be achieved as reflected in an error-index of only 1.13%. For selenium-affected region, the membrane-integrated hybrid treatment system proved to be a potential candidate technology offering safe drinking water at an approximate cost of only 1.77 $/m3 which was found to be affordable to the consumers in subsequent willingness to pay survey.
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Enhanced etching characteristics of Si{100} in NaOH-based two-component solution. MICRO AND NANO SYSTEMS LETTERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s40486-022-00152-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSilicon wet bulk micromachining is the most widely used technique for the fabrication of diverse microstructures such as cantilevers, cavities, etc. in laboratory as well as in industry for micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) application. Although, increasing the throughput remains inevitable, and can be done by increasing the etching rate. Furthermore, freestanding structure release time can be reduced by the improved undercutting rate at convex corners. In this work, we have investigated the etching characteristics of a non-conventional etchant in the form of hydroxylamine (NH2OH) added sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. This research is focused on Si{100} wafer as this orientation is largely used in the fabrication of planer devices (e.g., complementary metal-oxide semiconductors) and microelectromechanical systems (e.g., inertial sensors). We have performed a systematic and parametric analysis without and with 12% NH2OH in 10 M NaOH for improved etching characteristics such as etch rate, undercutting at convex corners, and etched surface morphology. 3D scanning laser microscope is used to measure average surface roughness (Ra), etch depth (d), and undercutting length (l). Morphology of the etched Si{100} surface is examined using optical and scanning electron microscopes. The addition of NH2OH in NaOH solution remarkably exhibited a two-fold increment in the etching rate of a Si{100} surface. Furthermore, the addition of NH2OH significantly improves the etched surface morphology and undercutting at convex corners. Undercutting at convex corners is highly prudent for the quick release of microstructures from the substrate. In addition, we have studied the effect of etchant age on etching characteristics. Results presented in this article are of large significance for engineering applications in both academic and industrial laboratories.
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EP11.02-001 Natural Language Processing to Abstract Preneoplastic and Incidental Pulmonary Lesions from Pathology Reports. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Removal of antibiotics and pharmaceutically active compounds from water Environment: Experiments towards industrial scale up. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Gastrointestinal: Spontaneous colonic migration of NAGI stent causing luminal obstruction: An unusual complication of EUS-guided drainage of WON. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:961. [PMID: 34936122 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Abstract
Recent trends in 2D materials like graphene are focused on heteroatom doping in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice to tailor the desired properties for various lightweight atomic thin-layer derived portable devices, particularly in the field of gas sensors. To design such gas sensors, it is important to either discover new materials with enhanced properties or tailor the properties of existing materials via doping. Herein, we exploit the concept of codoping of heteroatoms in graphene for more improvements in gas sensing properties and demonstrate a boron- and nitrogen-codoped bilayer graphene-derived gas sensor for enhanced nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas sensing applications, which may possibly be another alternative for an efficient sensing device. A well-known method of low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) is employed for synthesizing the boron- and nitrogen-codoped bilayer graphene (BNGr). To validate the successful synthesis of BNGr, the Raman, XPS, and FESEM characterization techniques were performed. The Raman spectroscopy results validate the synthesis of graphene nanosheets, and moreover, the FESEM and XPS characterization confirms the codoping of nitrogen and boron in the graphene matrix. The gas sensing device was fabricated on a Si/SiO2 substrate with prepatterned gold electrodes. The proposed BNGr sensor unveils an ultrasensitive nature for NO2 at room temperature. A plausible NO2 gas sensing mechanism is explored via a comparative study of the experimental results through the density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the adsorbed gas molecules on doped heteroatom sites. Henceforth, the obtained results of NO2 sensing with the BNGr gas sensor offer new prospects for designing next-generation lightweight and ultrasensitive gas sensing devices.
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FP12.01 PD-L1 Assessment in Cytology is Comparable to Histology in Predicting Treatment Response to Checkpoint Inhibitors in NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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191TiP Accelerating lung cancer diagnosis through liquid biopsy. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(21)02033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Influence of chemical aging on physico-chemical properties of mineral dust particles: A case study of 2016 dust storms over Delhi. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115338. [PMID: 32866861 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The physico-chemical properties of dust particles collected During Dust Storm (DDS) and After Dust Storm (ADS) events were studied using Scanning Electron Microscope coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Morphological and compositional change in dust particles were observed as they react with the anthropogenic pollutants present in the urban environment. The calcite rich particles were observed to transform into calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, and calcium sulfate on reacting with the chlorides, nitrates, and sulfates present in the urban atmosphere. The frequency distributions of Aspect Ratio (AR) for the DDS and ADS particles were observed to be bimodal (mode peaks at 1.2 and 1.5) and monomodal (mode peak at 1.1), respectively. The highly irregular shaped solid dust particles were observed to transform into nearly spherical semisolid particles in the urban environment. XPS analysis confirms the high concentration of oxides, nitrates, and chlorides at the surface of ADS samples which show the signatures of mineral dust particles aging. Species with a high value of imaginary part of refractive index (like Cr metal, Fe metal, Cr2O3, FeO, Fe2O3) were observed at the surface of dust particles. At 550 nm wavelength, the light-absorbing potential of the observed species along with black carbon (BC) was found to vary in the order; Cr metal > Fe metal > Cr2O3> FeO > BC > Fe2O3> FeOOH. The presence of the aforementioned species on the surface of ADS particles will tremendously affect the particle optical and radiative properties compared to that of DDS particles. The present work could reduce the uncertainty in the radiation budget estimations of mineral dust and assessment of their climatic impacts over Delhi.
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Utility of clinical exome sequencing in dystonia: A report from India. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.06.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Neuroacanthocytosis: Beyond movement disorders. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.06.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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A multi-loculated cystic meningioma simulating an arachnoid cyst. INTERDISCIPLINARY NEUROSURGERY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2020.100758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Mn incorporated MoS2 nanoflowers: A high performance electrode material for symmetric supercapacitor. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Spectrum of Chronic Lung Allograft Pathology in Human Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.1253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Enhanced magnetic and room temperature intrinsic magnetodielectric effect in Mn modified Ba 2Mg 2Fe 12O 22 Y-type hexaferrite. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:135701. [PMID: 31775136 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab5c2b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We have reported a systematic investigation on structural, magnetic, magnetodielectric and magnetoimpedance characteristics of Y-type Ba2Mg2(Fe1-x Mn x )12O22 (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.12) hexaferrite synthesized by solid-state reaction route. Rietveld refinement of x-ray diffraction pattern confirms the phase purity of all the samples with rhombohedral crystal structure. The Mn dopant modulates not only superexchange angle near to the boundary of magnetic blocks but also magnetic transition temperature. Temperature-dependent magnetization data suggests that due to Mn doping at Fe sites, ferrimagnetic to proper screw transition temperature (T II) increases from 190 K to 208 K, while there is a decrease in proper screw to longitudinal conical spin transition temperature (T I) from 35 K to 25 K. We observe remarkable decrease in the magnetic field from 20 kOe to 12 kOe to produce intermediate spin ordering from ferrimagnetic ordering which can be understood because of modification of superexchange angle due to Mn doping. The value of loss tangent decreases with increasing doping concentration at 300K, i.e. ~60% and 180% in BMFM4 (x = 0.04) and BMFM8 (x = 0.08) respectively as compared to BMF, suggesting the evolution of intrinsic feature in the doped samples. Magnetodielectric (MD) effect shows that in the low-frequency regime, the robust MD effect is because of Maxwell-Wagner interfacial polarization, whereas in the high-frequency regime intrinsic effect dominates. Further, magnetoimpedance measurement confirms the presence of substantial intrinsic MD% (~6%) at 1.3 T applied field at 300 K for 4% Mn-doped sample. Finally, the nature and strength of magnetoelectric coupling in BMFM4 and BMFM8 samples at 300 K is found to be biquadratic (P 2 M 2) and maximum strength of coupling is 3.09 × 10-4 emu2 g-2 and 2.34 × 10-4 emu2 g-2, respectively.
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Wide spectral photoresponse of template assisted out of plane grown ZnO/NiO composite nanowire photodetector. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:025705. [PMID: 31603863 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab474e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) one-dimensional nanostructures are extensively used in ultra-violet (UV) detection. To improve the optical sensing capability of ZnO, various nickel oxide (NiO) based p-n junctions have been employed. ZnO/NiO heterojunction based sensing has been limited to UV detection and not been extended to the visible region. In the present work, p-NiO/n-ZnO composite nanowire (NW) heterojunction based UV-visible photodetector is fabricated. A porous anodic aluminum oxide template based electrochemical deposition method is adopted for well separated and vertically aligned growth of composite NWs. The photoresponse is studied in an out of plane contact configuration. The fabricated photodetector shows fast response under UV-visible light with a rise and decay time of tens of ms. The wide spectral photoresponse is analyzed in terms of conduction from defect states of ZnO and interfacial defects during p-n junction formation. Light interaction with heterojunction along the length of the composite NW results in enhanced visible photoresponse of the detector and is further supported by simulation.
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P1.01-30 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Next Generation Sequencing (NGS): Integrating Genomic Sequencing into a Publicly Funded Health Care Model. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Study of the Prevalence of Dyspepsia in the Adult Population in a Rural Community of Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2019; 28:163-174. [PMID: 30755566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dyspepsia is a symptom complex that includes epigastric pain, post-prandial fullness, bloating, early satiety, belching, nausea, vomiting, heartburn, acid regurgitations and anorexia. The most widely applied definition of dyspepsia is the Rome working team formulation namely chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen. Till date the prevalence of dyspepsia in Bangladesh has not been studied much. The last study was done in 1987 in a rural community and the prevalence of dyspepsia was found to be 41.4%. However, associated risk factors were not assessed and definition of dyspepsia was much narrower as well as the dysmotility type dyspepsia was not included in that study. Hence it is now high time to carry out another study to see the prevalence of dyspepsia in Bangladesh and the risk factors associated with it. To determine the prevalence of dyspepsia and the demographic risk factors associated with dyspepsia in the adult population in the rural community of Bangladesh. This cross sectional population based study carried out in Ghior Union of Manikgonj district of Bangladesh from January 2007 to April 2008. All persons 18 years or above living in Ghior Union were considered as the study populations with using a pre-designed questionnaire. This study showed that the prevalence of dyspepsia to be 61.9%. Reflux- like dyspepsia was the commonest sub-type of dyspepsia without reflux symptoms comprising 43.9% of the total population and 70.9% of the dyspeptics. Dysmotility like dyspepsia comprised more than half of the dyspeptics. Nausea (40.7%) was the most predominant dysmotility like dyspeptic symptoms followed by early satiety (38.4%); 13.9% of the population had history of recurrent upper abdominal pain and 11.9% of the population had gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). There was considerable overlapping (16.7%) of IBS with dyspepsia. Female sex, younger age (<40 years), low family income (<5000 Taka per month), lower educational level (up to primary level), smoking and use of NSAIDs were significantly associated with dyspepsia. The prevalence of dyspepsia in adult population of Bangladesh is 61.9% which is very high compared to other countries and also much higher than the prevalence found in our country thirty years back. A great change in the socio-economic status and lifestyle of the people along with environmental pollution and food adulteration may be responsible for this increase in prevalence. This study was conducted in only one union of this country, so it was not representative of the whole population of the country. Therefore further study with large population size including rural and urban peoples from different parts of Bangladesh is needed to estimate the accurate prevalence of dyspepsia in our country.
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P2.03-03 Upfront Next Generation Sequencing in NSCLC: A Publicly Funded Perspective. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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10,000 urology emergencies: A single centre series – The changing shape of acute urology. Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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The relationship between ethnicity and stone composition in a large multi-ethnic London NHS Trust. Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Highly efficient gel polymer electrolytes for all solid-state electrochemical charge storage devices. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Risk factors for diagnostic delay in Crohn's disease and their impact on long-term complications: how do they differ in a tuberculosis endemic region? Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 47:1367-1374. [PMID: 29572889 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD) can be delayed in clinical practice. In tuberculosis endemic areas, empirical anti-tubercular therapy further delays treatment. AIM(S) To assess risk factors for diagnostic delay and its impact on the long-term complications of Crohn's disease in India where tuberculosis is endemic. METHODS Data from a large prospectively established inflammatory bowel disease registry were analysed retrospectively. The time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis (diagnostic delay) was calculated and categorised into two groups based on median diagnostic delay. The risk factors for delay including anti-tubercular therapy were analysed. Logistic regression analysis was done to assess impact of diagnostic delay on development of stenotic and fistular complications including need for surgery. RESULTS Seven hundred and twenty Crohn's disease patients (60.3% male, median: 28 years) were included. Main outcome measures were stenosis, fistula and need for surgery. Subjects with diagnostic delay >18 months (median) developed significantly higher stenotic complications and surgery (OR 4.12; 95% CI: 2.74-6.33, P < 0.001 and OR 2.41, 95% CI: 1.68-3.42, P < 0.001), respectively, compared to those ≤18 months. There was no difference in the development of fistulous complications. 193/720 (27%) received anti-tubercular therapy which significantly contributed to diagnostic delay (OR: 2.47; 95% CI: 1.76-3.47, P < 0.001) with 47% showing initial clinical response (Crohn's disease activity index- CDAI decrease >100). Moreover, the incidence of stenotic complications was significantly higher in patients who had received prior anti-tubercular therapy (55/193 (28.49%) vs 78/527 (14.8%), P < 0.001, OR: 2.60, 95% CI: 1.64-4.12). CONCLUSIONS Diagnostic delay in Crohn's disease is associated with significantly higher stenotic complications and need for surgery. Empirical anti-tubercular therapy is the single largest contributor to diagnostic delay in tuberculosis endemic areas. Despite initial clinical response to anti-tubercular therapy, long-term stenotic complications are higher.
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Influence of TiO2 nano-particles on charge carrier transport and cell performance of PMMA-LiClO4 based nano-composite electrolytes. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Evaluation of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Drug-Drug Interaction of Sacubitril/Valsartan (LCZ696) and Sildenafil in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Hypertension. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2017; 103:468-476. [PMID: 28599060 PMCID: PMC5836847 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sacubitril/valsartan (LCZ696) is indicated for the treatment of patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Since patients with HFrEF may receive sacubitril/valsartan and sildenafil, both increasing cyclic guanosine monophosphate, the present study evaluated the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug interaction potential between sacubitril/valsartan and sildenafil. In this open‐label, three‐period, single sequence study, patients with mild‐to‐moderate hypertension (153.8 ± 8.2 mmHg mean systolic blood pressure (SBP)) received a single dose of sildenafil 50 mg, sacubitril/valsartan 400 mg once daily for 5 days, and sacubitril/valsartan and sildenafil coadministration. When coadministered with sildenafil, the AUC and Cmax of valsartan decreased by 29% and 39%, respectively. Coadministration of sacubitril/valsartan and sildenafil resulted in a greater decrease in BP (–5/–4/–4 mmHg mean ambulatory SBP/DBP/MAP (mean arterial pressure)) than with sacubitril/valsartan alone. Both treatments were generally safe and well tolerated in this study; however, the additional BP reduction suggests that sildenafil should be administered cautiously in patients receiving sacubitril/valsartan. Unique identifier: NCT01601470.
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Erratum to: A Visual Basic simulation software tool for performance analysis of a membrane-based advanced water treatment plant. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:16543. [PMID: 28547374 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9331-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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Etching characteristics of Si{110} in 20 wt% KOH with addition of hydroxylamine for the fabrication of bulk micromachined MEMS. MICRO AND NANO SYSTEMS LETTERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s40486-017-0057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Role of limited hydrogen and flow interval on the growth of single crystal to continuous graphene by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:075602. [PMID: 28084223 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa527e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A method for defect-free large crystallite graphene growth remains unknown despite much research effort. In this work, we discuss the role of flow duration of H2 gas for the production of graphene as per requirement and production at a minimum flow rate considering the safety issue of hydrogen utilization. The copper substrate used for growth was treated for different time intervals (0 to 35 min) in H2 flow prior to growth. Structural and chemical changes occurring in the copper substrate surface were probed by grazing incidence x-ray diffraction and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results were correlated with the Raman spectroscopy data, which can quantify the quality of graphene. With increasing H2 flow interval, secondary nucleation sites were observed and growth favored few-layer graphene structures. The surface-adsorbed oxygen molecules and its conversion to an OH terminated surface with increasing hydrogen flow interval was found to be a key factor in enhancing nucleation density. The Stranski-Krastanov type of nucleation was observed for samples grown with different time intervals of H2 treatment, except 5 min of H2 flow prior to growth for which the Volmer-Weber type of growth favored monolayer graphene crystallite growth.
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On the Calculation of Activity Coefficients of Strong Electrolytes in a Concentrated Solution. Z PHYS CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-1980-26117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Improved Insulin Sensitivity With Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibition in Individuals With Obesity and Hypertension. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 101:254-263. [DOI: 10.1002/cpt.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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THU0313 Double-Blind, Randomized Study of VAY736 Single Dose Treatment in Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome (PSS). Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.5840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Novel optically active lead-free relaxor ferroelectric (Ba0.6Bi0.2Li0.2)TiO3. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:265901. [PMID: 27165848 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/26/265901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We discovered a near-room-temperature lead-free relaxor-ferroelectric (Ba0.6Bi0.2Li0.2)TiO3 (BBLT) having A-site compositionally disordered ABO3 perovskite structure. Microstructure-property relations revealed that the chemical inhomogeneities and development of local polar nano-regions (PNRs) are responsible for dielectric dispersion as a function of probe frequencies and temperatures. Rietveld analysis indicates mixed crystal structure with 80% tetragonal structure (space group P4mm) and 20% orthorhombic structure (space group Amm2), which is confirmed by the high resolution transmission electron diffraction (HRTEM). Dielectric constant and tangent loss dispersion with and without illumination of light obey nonlinear Vogel-Fulcher (VF) relations. The material shows slim polarization-hysteresis (P-E) loops and excellent displacement coefficients (d 33 ~ 233 pm V(-1)) near room temperature, which gradually diminish near the maximum dielectric dispersion temperature (T m ). The underlying physics for light-sensitive dielectric dispersion was probed by x-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS), which strongly suggests that mixed valence of bismuth ions, especially Bi(5+) ions, comprise most of the optically active centers. Ultraviolet photoemission measurements showed most of the Ti ions are in 4 + states and sit at the centers of the TiO6 octahedra; along with asymmetric hybridization between O 2p and Bi 6s orbitals, this appears to be the main driving force for net polarization. This BBLT material may open a new path for environmental friendly lead-free relaxor-ferroelectric research.
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QM/MM simulation of the amide-I band in the Raman spectrum of insulin. Mol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2016.1170220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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SAT0275 Kawasaki Disease – An Eastern Indian Cohort of 7years. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.5139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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SAT0276 Cyclosporine in Resistant Systemic Jia - A Cheaper Alternative To Biologics for Developing Countries. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.5804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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AB0880 Macrophage Activation Syndrome – An Indian Experience. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.5899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Mitotic Activity in Glioblastoma Correlates with Estimated Extravascular Extracellular Space Derived from Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MR Imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:811-7. [PMID: 26705318 PMCID: PMC4817231 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A number of parameters derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging and separate histologic features have been identified as potential prognosticators in high-grade glioma. This study evaluated the relationships between dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI-derived parameters and histologic features in glioblastoma multiforme. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-eight patients with newly presenting glioblastoma multiforme underwent preoperative imaging (conventional imaging and T1 dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI). Parametric maps of the initial area under the contrast agent concentration curve, contrast transfer coefficient, estimate of volume of the extravascular extracellular space, and estimate of blood plasma volume were generated, and the enhancing fraction was calculated. Surgical specimens were used to assess subtype and were graded (World Health Organization classification system) and were assessed for necrosis, cell density, cellular atypia, mitotic activity, and overall vascularity scores. Quantitative assessment of endothelial surface area, vascular surface area, and a vascular profile count were made by using CD34 immunostaining. The relationships between MR imaging parameters and histopathologic features were examined. RESULTS High values of contrast transfer coefficient were associated with the presence of frank necrosis (P = .005). High values of the estimate of volume of the extravascular extracellular space were associated with a fibrillary histologic pattern (P < .01) and with increased mitotic activity (P < .05). No relationship was found between mitotic activity and histologic pattern, suggesting that the correlation between the estimate of volume of the extravascular extracellular space and mitotic activity was independent of the histologic pattern. CONCLUSIONS A correlation between the estimate of volume of the extravascular extracellular space and mitotic activity is reported. Further work is warranted to establish how dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI parameters relate to more quantitative histologic measurements, including markers of proliferation and measures of vascular endothelial growth factor expression.
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Photo-resistive properties of LaAl0.6Cr0.4O3/SrTiO3 heterostructures: a comparative study with LaAlO3/SrTiO3. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:1134-1137. [PMID: 26977652 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.001134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report photoconductivity measurements on LaAl(1-x)Cr(x)O3/SrTiO3 (x=0, 0.4) heterostructures. A polar layer modification of metallic LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructure with Cr in the Al sites resulted in an increased photo-response (PR) and relaxation time, in addition to a distinct shift in the spectral weight toward the red end of the spectrum. The visible light photoconductivity is explained by d-d photoconductivity of Cr3+ valence states of the x=0.4 sample. Besides the established UV sensitivity, we observe a weak peak in PR around 690 nm possibly emanating from the mid-gap states arising from oxygen vacancies.
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Substitution driven structural and magnetic properties and evidence of spin phonon coupling in Sr-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11021e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The manifestation of dimensionalities and Sr induced modifications in structural, vibrational and magnetic properties of Bi1−xSrxFeO3; (x = 0–0.25) nanoparticles synthesized by a tartaric acid based sol–gel route are reported.
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Purification method dependent fluorescence from nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers of nano-diamonds. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra01510g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanodiamonds purified through acid reflux and air oxidation methods shows difference in their water dispersibility, particle shape and fluorescence intensity deciding their selective preference for biophotonic and nanophotonic applications.
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Dynamics and relaxation of charge carriers in poly(methylmethacrylate)-based polymer electrolytes embedded with ionic liquid. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 92:062603. [PMID: 26764720 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.92.062603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present paper, we have studied dynamics and relaxation of the charge carriers in polymethylmethacrylate-lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide polymer electrolytes embedded with 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquid. We have analyzed the frequency dependent conductivity spectra using the random free-energy barrier model coupled with the contribution of electrode polarization in the low frequency region. The temperature dependence of ionic conductivity, and relaxation time obtained from the analysis of the spectra exhibits Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher type behavior. The Barton-Nakajima-Namikawa relation is consistent with the results obtained from the random free-energy barrier model. The scaling of ac conductivity spectra has been performed to understand the effect of temperature as well as the composition on the relaxation mechanism. The analysis of the ac conductivity also clearly indicates the existence of a nearly constant loss phenomenon at low temperatures or at high frequencies.
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The Endangered Ganges River dolphin Platanista gangetica gangetica in Nepal: abundance, habitat and conservation threats. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2015. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Abstract
Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has been reported to be a useful adjunct in severe systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) but paediatric literature continues to be scanty. We hereby present three cases of refractory paediatric SLE (pSLE) with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH) and crescentic glomerulonephritis which were treated with TPE as an adjunctive therapy. TPE was carried out in haemodialysis units using the membrane filtration technique. Demonstrable benefit of TPE was seen in all three cases. In refractory pSLE, TPE may be a useful tool and should be considered. The report additionally highlights the feasibility of undertaking TPE in haemodialysis units, which is important as haemodialysis units are more readily available than dedicated apheresis units in developing countries.
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THU0527 Kawasaki Disease- an Experience from Eastern India. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.5623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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AB1012 Cyclosporine in Resistant Systemic Jia – A Cheaper Alternative to Biologics for Developing Countries. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.4704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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