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Tseng LT, Karadan P, Kazazis D, Constantinou PC, Stock TJ, Curson NJ, Schofield SR, Muntwiler M, Aeppli G, Ekinci Y. Resistless EUV lithography: Photon-induced oxide patterning on silicon. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadf5997. [PMID: 37075116 PMCID: PMC10115406 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf5997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we show the feasibility of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) patterning on an HF-treated silicon (100) surface in the absence of a photoresist. EUV lithography is the leading lithography technique in semiconductor manufacturing due to its high resolution and throughput, but future progress in resolution can be hampered because of the inherent limitations of the resists. We show that EUV photons can induce surface reactions on a partially hydrogen-terminated silicon surface and assist the growth of an oxide layer, which serves as an etch mask. This mechanism is different from the hydrogen desorption in scanning tunneling microscopy-based lithography. We achieve silicon dioxide/silicon gratings with 75-nanometer half-pitch and 31-nanometer height, demonstrating the efficacy of the method and the feasibility of patterning with EUV lithography without the use of a photoresist. Further development of the resistless EUV lithography method can be a viable approach to nanometer-scale lithography by overcoming the inherent resolution and roughness limitations of photoresist materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ting Tseng
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Dimitrios Kazazis
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Corresponding author.
| | | | - Taylor J. Z. Stock
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London WC1H 0AH, UK
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Neil J. Curson
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London WC1H 0AH, UK
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Steven R. Schofield
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London WC1H 0AH, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | | | - Gabriel Aeppli
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics and Quantum Center, ETH-Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Institut de Physique, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yasin Ekinci
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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Ziv A, Shoseyov O, Karadan P, Bloom BP, Goldring S, Metzger T, Yochelis S, Waldeck DH, Yerushalmi R, Paltiel Y. Chirality Nanosensor with Direct Electric Readout by Coupling of Nanofloret Localized Plasmons with Electronic Transport. Nano Lett 2021; 21:6496-6503. [PMID: 34297582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The detection of enantiopurity for small sample quantities is crucial, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry; however, existing methodologies rely on specific chiral recognition elements, or complex optical systems, limiting its utility. A nanoscale chirality sensor, for continuously monitoring molecular chirality using an electric circuit readout, is presented. This device design represents an alternative real-time scalable approach for chiral recognition of small quantity samples (less than 103 adsorbed molecules). The active device component relies on a gold nanofloret hybrid structure, i.e., a high aspect ratio semiconductor-metal hybrid nanosystem in which a SiGe nanowire tip is selectively decorated with a gold metallic cap. The tip mechanically touches a counter electrode to generate a nanojunction, and upon exposure to molecules, a metal-molecule-metal junction is formed. Adsorption of chiral molecules at the gold tip induces chirality in the localized plasmonic resonance at the electrode-tip junction and manifests in an enantiospecific current response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ziv
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Omer Shoseyov
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Prajith Karadan
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9290401, Israel
| | - Brian P Bloom
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Sharone Goldring
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Tzuriel Metzger
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - David H Waldeck
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Roie Yerushalmi
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9290401, Israel
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram Jerusalem, 9190401 Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram Jerusalem, 9190401 Israel
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Karadan P, Anappara AA, Moorthy VHS, Narayana C, Barshilia HC. Improved broadband and omnidirectional light absorption in silicon nanopillars achieved through gradient mesoporosity induced leaky waveguide modulation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20467h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Omnidirectional and polarization insensitive light coupling through mesoporosity induced waveguiding in Si nanopillars, fabricated by metal assisted chemical etching and nanosphere lithography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajith Karadan
- Nanomaterials Research Laboratory
- Surface Engineering Division
- CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories
- Bangalore-560017
- India
| | - Aji. A. Anappara
- Department of Physics
- National Institute of Technology
- Calicut-673601
- India
| | - V. H. S. Moorthy
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
- Manipal Institute of Technology
- Manipal-576104
- India
| | - Chandrabhas Narayana
- Light Scattering Laboratory
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bangalore-560064
- India
| | - Harish C. Barshilia
- Nanomaterials Research Laboratory
- Surface Engineering Division
- CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories
- Bangalore-560017
- India
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