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Paterson C, Roberts C, Blackburn J, Jojo N, Northam HL, Wallis E, Hind A, Caulfield R, Barratt M, Toohey K, Kavanagh PS, Bacon R, Wilson RL. Understanding the needs and preferences for cancer care among First Nations people: An integrative review. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:1776-1812. [PMID: 38018290 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM This systematic review aimed to identify the needs and preferences for cancer care services among Australian First Nations people. DESIGN Integrative review. DATA SOURCES An integrative review was conducted. A wide range of search terms were used to increase the sensitivity and specificity of the searches in electronic databases. Methodological quality assessment, data extraction, was conducted independently by two reviewers, and a narrative synthesis was conducted. RESULTS Forty-two studies were included. A total of 2965 Australian First Nations adults, both men and women of various ages across the lifespan, were represented; no First Nations children affected by cancer were represented in the studies. Three themes emerged which included: (1) discrimination, racism and trauma, resulting from colonization, directly impacted First National people's cancer care experience; (2) cultural ways of knowing, being and doing are fundamental to how First Nations people engage with cancer care services; and (3) First Nations people need culturally safe person-centred cancer care services that address practical needs. CONCLUSION Most participants represented in this review experienced discrimination, racism and trauma, resulting from colonization, which directly negatively impacted Aboriginal peoples' cancer care experience. While the Optimal Cancer Pathway (OCP) was launched in Australia several years ago, people with cancer may continue to experience distressing unmet care needs. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Our team includes both First Nations people, non-First Nations researchers and healthcare professionals with expertise in cancer care. The researchers employed decolonizing restorative approaches to ensure voice, respect, accountability and reciprocity in this review work. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Members of the multidisciplinary team including nurses and policymakers should reflect on these findings, ensure that they have up-to-date cultural safety training and stand together with Indigenous and non-Indigenous cancer leaders to take proactive steps to stamp out and dismantle oppression in health, and safely implement the OCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Paterson
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
| | - C Roberts
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - J Blackburn
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - N Jojo
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - H L Northam
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - E Wallis
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - A Hind
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - R Caulfield
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - M Barratt
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - K Toohey
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - P S Kavanagh
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- Justice and Society, University of South Australia, Magill, South Australia, Australia
| | - R Bacon
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - R L Wilson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, Gosford, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Nursing, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Descendent of the Wiradjuri Nation (First Nations Person), New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Nursing, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Paterson C, Kavanagh PS, Bacon R, Turner M, Moore M, Barratt M, Chau M. To understand the experiences, needs, and preferences for supportive care, among children and adolescents (0-19 years) diagnosed with cancer: a systematic review of qualitative studies. J Cancer Surviv 2023:10.1007/s11764-023-01508-9. [PMID: 38151586 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-023-01508-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to understand the experiences, needs, and preferences for supportive care, among children and adolescents (0-19 years) diagnosed with cancer. METHODS A qualitative systematic review has been reported according to PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases (APA PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Medline) and citation searches. Studies were screened according to pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Methodological quality was evaluated. Findings were extracted in relation to the context of interest of experiences, needs, and preferences of supportive care. Each finding was accompanied by a qualitative verbatim illustration representing the participant's voice. RESULTS 4449 publications were screened, and 44 studies were included. Cancer populations represented in the included studies included lymphoma, leukaemia, brain cancer, sarcomas, and neuroblastoma. Two overarching synthesised findings were identified as (1) coping, caring relationships, communication, and impact of the clinical environment, and (2) experiences of isolation, fear of the unknown, restricted information, and changing self. Children and adolescents articulated that cancer care would be enhanced by developing a sense of control over their body and healthcare, being involved in communication and shared decision-making, and ensuring the clinical environment is age-appropriate. Many experienced a sense of disconnection from the rest of the world (including peers, school, and experiences of prejudice and bullying), and a lack of tailored support and information were identified as key unmet care needs that require further intervention. CONCLUSIONS Children and adolescent who are diagnosed with cancer are a unique and understudied group in oncological survivorship research, with the slowest progress in improvement of care over time. This review will facilitate the development of future interventions and promote the importance of tailored support for children and adolescents at all stages of the cancer journey. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Children and adolescents continue to experience a range of difficulties despite routine contact with cancer healthcare professionals. Children and adolescents should be carefully assessed about their individual circumstances and preferences for support given the clear implications from this review that "one size" does not fit all.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Paterson
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
- Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia.
- Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia.
| | - P S Kavanagh
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - R Bacon
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - M Turner
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - M Moore
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - M Barratt
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - M Chau
- South Australia Medical Imaging, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
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Paterson C, Roberts C, Li J, Chapman M, Strickland K, Johnston N, Law E, Bacon R, Turner M, Mohanty I, Pranavan G, Toohey K. What are the experiences of supportive care in people affected by brain cancer and their informal caregivers: A qualitative systematic review. J Cancer Surviv 2023:10.1007/s11764-023-01401-5. [PMID: 37256499 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-023-01401-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To critically synthesise qualitative research to understand experiences of supportive care in people affected by brain cancer and their informal caregivers. METHODS A qualitative systematic review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs methodology and has been reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) Guidelines. Electronic databases were searched by an expert systematic review librarian for all qualitative studies irrespective of research design. All publications were double screened by two reviewers using a pre-determined exclusion and inclusion criteria. The review was managed using Covidence systematic review software. Methodological quality assessment and data extraction were performed. Qualitative findings accompanied by illustrative quotes from included studies were extracted and grouped into categories, which created the overall synthesised findings. RESULTS A total of 33 studies were included which represented a total sample of 671 participants inclusive of 303 patients and 368 informal caregivers. There was a total of 220 individual findings included in this review, which were synthesised into two findings (1) caregivers and patients perceived supports which would have been helpful and (2) caregiver and patient experiences of unmet supportive care needs. CONCLUSION This review highlighted the suffering and distress caused by brain cancer and associated treatments. Both patients and their informal caregivers experienced disconnect from themselves in renegotiating roles, and a profound sense of loneliness as the physical deterioration of the disease progressed. Both patients and informal caregivers reported similar unmet needs within the current service provision for brain cancer. However, what is apparent is that current cancer services are provided solely for patients, with little or no consideration to the support needs of both the patient and their informal caregiver. Service re-design is needed to improve care coordination with individualised informational support, implementation of holistic needs assessments for both the patients and their caregivers, better community support provision, improved opportunities for emotional care with early referral for palliative care services. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS It is recommended that members of the multidisciplinary brain cancer team reflect on these findings to target holistic needs assessments and develop shared self-management care plans for both the patient and the informal caregiver.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Paterson
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
- Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Public Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
- Canberra Health Services and ACT Health, Garran, Canberra, Australia.
- Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
| | - C Roberts
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Public Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - J Li
- Canberra Health Services and ACT Health, Garran, Canberra, Australia
| | - M Chapman
- Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Department of Palliative Care, Canberra Health Services, Garran, Canberra, Australia
- School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - K Strickland
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Public Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, AUT, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - N Johnston
- Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Public Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Canberra Health Services and ACT Health, Garran, Canberra, Australia
| | - E Law
- Icon Cancer Centre, Canberra, Australia
| | - R Bacon
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - M Turner
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - I Mohanty
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - G Pranavan
- Canberra Health Services and ACT Health, Garran, Canberra, Australia
| | - K Toohey
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Wisotzki L, Bacon R, Brinchmann J, Cantalupo S, Richter P, Schaye J, Schmidt KB, Urrutia T, Weilbacher PM, Akhlaghi M, Bouché N, Contini T, Guiderdoni B, Herenz EC, Inami H, Kerutt J, Leclercq F, Marino RA, Maseda M, Monreal-Ibero A, Nanayakkara T, Richard J, Saust R, Steinmetz M, Wendt M. Author Correction: Nearly all the sky is covered by Lyman-α emission around high-redshift galaxies. Nature 2018; 563:E31. [PMID: 30377312 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0664-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Change history: In this Letter, author M. Akhlaghi should be associated with affiliation (2) rather than (3). This error has been corrected online.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wisotzki
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany.
| | - R Bacon
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - J Brinchmann
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Porto, Portugal
| | - S Cantalupo
- Department of Physics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - P Richter
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - J Schaye
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - K B Schmidt
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany
| | - T Urrutia
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany
| | - P M Weilbacher
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany
| | - M Akhlaghi
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - N Bouché
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - T Contini
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - B Guiderdoni
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - E C Herenz
- Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Inami
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - J Kerutt
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany
| | - F Leclercq
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - R A Marino
- Department of Physics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Maseda
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A Monreal-Ibero
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento Astrofísica, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - T Nanayakkara
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J Richard
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - R Saust
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany
| | - M Steinmetz
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany
| | - M Wendt
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Potsdam, Germany.,Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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5
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Bacon R, Long Y, Palermo C, Whelan K. Improving Competency-Based Assessment - an International Perspective. J Acad Nutr Diet 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.06.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Williams S, Bacon R. Current recommendations on adult resuscitation. BJA Educ 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/bjaed/mkw051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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7
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Clément A, Bacon R, Sirois S, Dorais M. Mature-ripe tomato spectral classification according to lycopene content and fruit type by visible, NIR reflectance and intrinsic fluorescence. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2014.0521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Clément
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Food Research and Development Centre, 3600 Casavant Ouest, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 8E3, Canada
| | - R. Bacon
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Horticultural Research Centre, Laval University, 2480 boulevard Hochelaga, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - S. Sirois
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Food Research and Development Centre, 3600 Casavant Ouest, St-Hyacinthe, QC, J2S 8E3, Canada
| | - M. Dorais
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Horticultural Research Centre, Laval University, 2480 boulevard Hochelaga, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
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9
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Schrikker T, Bacon R. Time & support - the essential ingredients for the development of the healthcare assistant. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2011-000105.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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10
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Gevgilili H, Kalyon D, Birinci E, Malik M, Goovaerts L, Bacon R, Mort P. Dynamic assembly of anionic surfactant into highly-ordered vesicles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 356:579-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Ertel K, Rodriguez V, Bacon R, Farris R, Hartwig P. J. Cosmet. Sci.,59, 253-262 (July/August 2008)�Protocol to predict the dry skin benefit from the unique in-shower body lotion product form. Int J Cosmet Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2009.00510_1.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Wilman RJ, Gerssen J, Bower RG, Morris SL, Bacon R, de Zeeuw PT, Davies RL. The discovery of a galaxy-wide superwind from a young massive galaxy at redshift z ≈ 3. Nature 2005; 436:227-9. [PMID: 16015322 DOI: 10.1038/nature03718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2004] [Accepted: 05/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
High-velocity galactic outflows, driven by intense bursts of star formation and black hole accretion, are processes invoked by current theories of galaxy formation to terminate star formation in the most massive galaxies and to deposit heavy elements in the intergalactic medium. From existing observational evidence (for high-redshift galaxies) it is unclear whether such outflows are localized to regions of intense star formation just a few kiloparsecs in extent, or whether they instead have a significant impact on the entire galaxy and its surroundings. Here we present two-dimensional spectroscopy of a star-forming galaxy at redshift z = 3.09 (seen 11.5 gigayears ago, when the Universe was 20 per cent of its current age): its spatially extended Lyalpha line emission appears to be absorbed by H i in a foreground screen covering the entire galaxy, with a lateral extent of at least 100 kpc and remarkable velocity coherence. This screen was ejected from the galaxy during a starburst several 10(8) years earlier and has subsequently swept up gas from the surrounding intergalactic medium and cooled. This demonstrates the galaxy-wide impact of high-redshift superwinds.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Wilman
- Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
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13
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Mooney A, Jackson K, Bacon R, Streuli C, Edwards G, Bassuk J, Savill J. Type IV collagen and laminin regulate glomerular mesangial cell susceptibility to apoptosis via beta(1) integrin-mediated survival signals. Am J Pathol 1999; 155:599-606. [PMID: 10433952 PMCID: PMC1866860 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)65155-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Postinflammatory scarring is characterized by changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and progressive loss of normal resident cells. In glomerular inflammation there is now evidence that unscheduled apoptosis (programmed cell death) of mesangial and other resident cells may mediate progression to irreversible glomerulosclerosis. In the current study we examined the hypothesis that ECM components may differ in their capacity to support mesangial cell survival by suppression of apoptosis. Using a well-established in vitro model of mesangial cell apoptosis, we found that collagen IV and laminin, components of normal mesangial ECM, protected rat mesangial cells from apoptosis induced by serum starvation and DNA damage, by a beta(1) integrin-mediated, but arg-gly-asp (RGD)-independent mechanism. In contrast, collagen I, fibronectin, and osteonectin/SPARC, which are overexpressed in diseased glomeruli, failed to promote rat mesangial cell survival. However, the survival-promoting effect of collagen IV and laminin was not associated with changes in cellular levels of apoptosis regulatory proteins of the Bcl-2 family. These experiments demonstrate that glomerular mesangial cell survival is dependent on interactions with ECM and provide insights into potential mechanisms by which resident cell loss may occur during acute inflammation and postinflammatory scarring of the kidney and other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mooney
- Division of Renal and Inflammatory Disease, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Mooney A, Jobson T, Bacon R, Kitamura M, Savill J. Cytokines promote glomerular mesangial cell survival in vitro by stimulus-dependent inhibition of apoptosis. The Journal of Immunology 1997. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.159.8.3949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Resolution of glomerular inflammation requires the removal of proliferating resident glomerular mesangial cells, but excessive loss of glomerular cells is a feature of postinflammatory scarring. Because apoptosis regulates mesangial cell number in glomerular inflammation, we have studied the exogenous control of apoptosis triggered in cultured mesangial cells by stimuli likely to be important in vivo. Apoptosis could be induced by serum deprivation to model decreased availability of survival factors, by etoposide as an example of DNA-damaging agents, by ligation of mesangial cell Fas, and by protein synthesis inhibition by cycloheximide. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-II, and basic fibroblast growth factor were each able to suppress apoptosis induced by serum deprivation, whereas TGF-beta 1, epidermal growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor had no effect. IGF-I and IGF-II (but not basic fibroblast growth factor) were also able to protect cells from apoptosis induced by etoposide or cycloheximide. However, Fas-mediated apoptosis was resistant to suppression by all three cytokines. None of the cytokines tested caused a change in the levels of expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Bcl-x, or Bak proteins. The survival-promoting properties of serum-free medium conditioned by mesangial cells was abrogated by neutralizing IGF-I Ab. These experiments are the first to define cytokines that inhibit apoptosis and thereby promote survival of mesangial cells, and the data indicate a paracrine survival signaling role for IGF-I. Finally, the data show that Fas ligation can override cytokine survival signaling, emphasizing a candidate role for this molecule in the undesirable apoptotic loss of mesangial cells during the progression of glomerular scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mooney
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | - T Jobson
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | - R Bacon
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | - M Kitamura
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | - J Savill
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
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15
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Mooney A, Jobson T, Bacon R, Kitamura M, Savill J. Cytokines promote glomerular mesangial cell survival in vitro by stimulus-dependent inhibition of apoptosis. J Immunol 1997; 159:3949-60. [PMID: 9378983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Resolution of glomerular inflammation requires the removal of proliferating resident glomerular mesangial cells, but excessive loss of glomerular cells is a feature of postinflammatory scarring. Because apoptosis regulates mesangial cell number in glomerular inflammation, we have studied the exogenous control of apoptosis triggered in cultured mesangial cells by stimuli likely to be important in vivo. Apoptosis could be induced by serum deprivation to model decreased availability of survival factors, by etoposide as an example of DNA-damaging agents, by ligation of mesangial cell Fas, and by protein synthesis inhibition by cycloheximide. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-II, and basic fibroblast growth factor were each able to suppress apoptosis induced by serum deprivation, whereas TGF-beta 1, epidermal growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor had no effect. IGF-I and IGF-II (but not basic fibroblast growth factor) were also able to protect cells from apoptosis induced by etoposide or cycloheximide. However, Fas-mediated apoptosis was resistant to suppression by all three cytokines. None of the cytokines tested caused a change in the levels of expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Bcl-x, or Bak proteins. The survival-promoting properties of serum-free medium conditioned by mesangial cells was abrogated by neutralizing IGF-I Ab. These experiments are the first to define cytokines that inhibit apoptosis and thereby promote survival of mesangial cells, and the data indicate a paracrine survival signaling role for IGF-I. Finally, the data show that Fas ligation can override cytokine survival signaling, emphasizing a candidate role for this molecule in the undesirable apoptotic loss of mesangial cells during the progression of glomerular scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mooney
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
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Bacon R. Nitrate preserved sausage meat causes an unusual food poisoning incident. Commun Dis Rep CDR Rev 1997; 7:R45-7. [PMID: 9080729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Three teenagers from a butcher's household were admitted to hospital as emergency case after eating sausages. The local consultant in communicable disease control was immediately asked to help investigate the cause of their food poisoning. The cases were treated for methaemoglobinaemia. Investigations revealed that the sausage meat had been prepared using sodium nitrate (saltpetre) as a preservative at levels well in excess of those legally permitted in meat products. Prompt recognition of the cause of the food poisoning prevented the outbreak from becoming much bigger. A large quantity of the sausage meat had been prepared for commercial sale, but the butcher's children had eaten part of the batch on the evening before it was due to go on sale to the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bacon
- Infection Control and Surveillance Unit, Manchester
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Liebman HA, Sutherland D, Bacon R, McGehee W. Evaluation of a tissue factor dependent factor V assay to detect factor V Leiden: demonstration of high sensitivity and specificity for a generally applicable assay for activated protein C resistance. Br J Haematol 1996; 95:550-3. [PMID: 8943900 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1996.d01-1937.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to the anticoagulant effects of activated protein C (APC) is now considered the most prevalent cause of inherited thrombophilia. The great majority of patients with activated protein C resistance (APCR) have a missense mutation in the factor V molecule (factor V Leiden, FVR506Q) resulting in defective inactivation of factor Va due to a loss of an APC cleavage site. The diagnosis of APCR has been based upon the inability of APC to prolong the activated partial thromboplastin (aPTT) clotting time in subjects with APCR. However, this assay has a number of deficiencies which limit its general use. We have evaluated a newly described one-stage tissue factor dependent factor V coagulation assay for APCR in 117 patients and controls and compared the results of this assay in a blinded manner to a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based assay for the molecular defect of factor V Leiden. 43% (50/117) of the patients studied were receiving coumadin or heparin, or had a lupus anticoagulant. The tissue factor dependent factor V assay had 100% specificity and sensitivity for factor V Leiden and successfully predicted a homozygous state in the three documented homozygotes. The PCR-based assay for factor V Leiden resulted in a single false positive assay due to a silent A to C transition at nucleotide 1692 resulting in the loss of the Mnl restriction endonuclease cleavage site. The single-stage tissue factor dependent factor V assay is a highly sensitive and generally applicable assay for APCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Liebman
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, USA
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Bacon R, Chandrasekan V, Haigh A, Royston BD, Royston D, Sundt T. Early extubation after open-heart surgery with total intravenous anaesthetic technique. Lancet 1995; 345:133-4. [PMID: 7815877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Abstract
We have isolated and characterized Dictyostelium discoideum mutants with conditional defects in phagocytosis. Under suspension conditions, the mutants exhibited dramatic reductions in the uptake of bacteria and polystyrene latex beads. The initial binding of these ligands was unaffected, however, indicating that the defect was not in a plasma membrane receptor: Because of the phagocytosis defect, the mutants were unable to grow when cultured in suspensions of heat-killed bacteria. The mutants exhibited normal capacities for fluid phase endocytosis and grew as rapidly as parental (AX4) cells in axenic medium. Both the defects in phagocytosis and growth on bacteria were corrected when the mutant Dictyostelium cells were cultured on solid substrates. Reversion and genetic complementation analysis suggested that the mutant phenotypes were caused by single gene defects. While the precise site of action of the mutations was not established, the mutations are likely to affect an early signaling event because the binding of bacteria to mutant cells in suspension was unable to trigger the localized polymerization of actin filaments required for ingestion; other aspects of actin function appeared normal. This class of conditional phagocytosis mutant should prove to be useful for the expression cloning of the affected gene(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Cohen
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
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Groesch ME, Ruohola H, Bacon R, Rossi G, Ferro-Novick S. Isolation of a functional vesicular intermediate that mediates ER to Golgi transport in yeast. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 1990; 111:45-53. [PMID: 2195039 PMCID: PMC2116157 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.111.1.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We have used an in vitro assay that reconstitutes transport from the ER to the Golgi complex in yeast to identify a functional vesicular intermediate in transit to the Golgi apparatus. Permeabilized yeast cells, which serve as the donor in this assay, release a homogeneous population of vesicles that are biochemically distinct from the donor ER fraction. The isolated vesicles, containing a post-ER/pre-Golgi form of the marker protein pro-alpha-factor, were able to bind to and fuse with exogenously added Golgi membranes. The ability to isolate fusion competent vesicles provides direct evidence that ER to Golgi membrane transport is mediated by a discrete population of vesicular carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Groesch
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510-8002
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Abstract
The shrouding of anaesthetic expiratory valves prevents the anaesthetist from either seeing valve disc movement or hearing clearly the escape of gas during expiration. A modification to one type of valve (Medishield II) is described which replaces this lost information by providing a direct indication of valve opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Sansome
- Shackleton Department of Anaesthetics, Southampton General Hospital
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Steinke L, Bacon R, Schuster SM. The effects of exchange-inert metal-nucleotide complexes on the kinetics of beef heart mitochondrial F1-ATPase. Arch Biochem Biophys 1987; 258:482-90. [PMID: 2890328 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(87)90369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The inhibition of beef heart mitochondrial F1 by exchange-inert metal-nucleotide complexes was examined. Mono- and bidentate Cr(NH3)4ATP were found to be mixed noncompetitive inhibitors of F1-catalyzed ATP hydrolysis (values of Ki = 0.5 and 0.1 mM; values of alpha = 0.2 and 24, respectively). Rh(H2O)nATP was also found to be a mixed noncompetitive inhibitor of F1-catalyzed ATP hydrolysis (Ki = 0.3 mM, alpha = 0.7). These compounds were used in a series of dual inhibition experiments, along with mono- and bidentate CrATP and Co(NH3)4ATP. All the exchange-inert metal-nucleotides examined were found to be mutually exclusive inhibitors of F1, indicating that they all bind to the same site(s). It is postulated that the pKa of the metal-coordinated ligands is related to the potency of inhibition by these compounds. It appears probable that the exchange-inert nucleotide complexes are binding to site(s) in addition to the catalytic site(s) of F1.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Steinke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68588-0304
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Bacon R, Tashjian EA, Richter KJ. Detachable cast pylon technique for rigid dressings on below-knee amputee patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1986; 67:56-8. [PMID: 3942488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The attachment of a pylon and prosthetic foot to a postoperative rigid dressing can be beneficial in the management of a below-the-knee amputation. Recently, a rigid, removable dressing has been used to allow easy inspection of the stump during healing. The removal of the pylon and prosthetic foot at night, preventing unsupervised ambulation, is accomplished by a disconnecting mechanism, which is permanently attached to the end of the rigid removable dressing. This disconnecting mechanism adds to the bulk and weight of the rigid dressing, increasing the shear force on the stump. We are introducing the detachable cast pylon technique, in which a fabricated sleeve attached to the pylon is easily and completely attached and detached from a rigid dressing. It is lightweight, less bulky, easily fabricated, and inexpensive. It offers a quick disconnect system for either the Otto-Bock attachment plate or uniquely with PVC tubing. In addition, this technique affords consistency in shaping the stump, as the same rigid dressing can be used for both rest and training. Its intent is for in-hospital use or when ambulation is restricted to supervised situations.
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Bacon R, Schowen RL. Automatic recording of pressure-time data. Anal Biochem 1971; 41:277-8. [PMID: 5578547 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(71)90213-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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