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23P Combination chemotherapy and hormone therapy (CHT) in patients with hormone receptor (HR) positive, HER2 negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC): A single-centre retrospective analysis. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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2
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Heart rate variability and meditation: a meta-analysis. Europace 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac053.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Meditation can induce changes in autonomic balance, which can benefit cardiovascular health. The present meta-analysis evaluated changes in heart rate variability (HRV) in meditators.
Methods
PubMed and Embase were searched for primary prospective studies using the search terms ‘heart rate variability’ and ‘meditation’ until January 18th, 2019. The statistical significance of the difference between subgroups is evaluated by the standardized mean difference (SMD), 95% confidence interval (CI), and P-value. I2 value was used to assess the statistical heterogeneity between the included studies.
Results
Twenty-one studies involving 538 meditators (experienced= 209, beginners= 329) and 334 controls (mean age= 40.61, 35% male) were included. Regarding time-domain indices, no statistically significant differences were observed when assessing HRV between i) meditators versus controls (SMD= -0.17; 95% CI: [-0.50, 0.17]; p= 0.30; I2= 0%), ii) pre- versus post-meditation (SMD= -0.41; 95% CI: [-1.10, 0.28]; p= 0.25; I2= 80%) or iii) at baseline versus during meditation (SMD= -0.40; 95% CI: [-0.94, 0.14]; p= 0.14; I2= 72%). Pertaining to frequency-domain indices, analysis of low frequency (LF), normalized low frequency (LFnu) and high frequency (HF) between i) meditators versus controls, ii) at baseline versus post-meditation and iii) at baseline versus during meditation yet again did not show any variations. Seven studies assessed normalized high frequency (HFnu) at baseline versus during meditation collectively demonstrated a significantly higher HFnu during meditation in beginners with notable heterogeneity (SMD= 1.29; 95% CI: [0.09, 2.49]; p= 0.04; I2= 95). Moreover, LF/HF was evaluated by seven studies at baseline versus during meditation. Both meta-analysis (SMD= 0.76; 95% CI: [-0.17, 1.69]; p= 0.11; I2= 94%) as well as subset analysis of experienced meditators (SMD= -0.46; 95% CI: [-0.88, -0.03]; p= 0.03; I2= 0%) revealed a significantly lower LF/HF at baseline.
Conclusions
Short-term changes in HRV indices were observed during meditation, but there is limited evidence for significant long-term effects.
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PO-1053 Validation of Modified Combs criteria in Indian cohort for re-irradiation in recurrent gliomas. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07504-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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PO-1113 A dosimetric comparison of two external beam radiotherapy techniques: 3DCRT & Tomotherapy in APBI. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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5
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Étude de phase I évaluant l’administration concomitante de l’atezolizumab à la thérapie trimodale pour patients atteints d’un cancer de vessie localisé infiltrant le muscle. Prog Urol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2020.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Delayed bilateral internal carotid artery dissection following motor vehicle accident: time to make its screening a part of trauma protocol? QJM 2020; 113:672-673. [PMID: 32096863 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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7
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Neurology residents versus a mobile medical application in deducing differential diagnoses in movement disorders: A multi-center, cross-sectional, observational study. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Autonomic symptoms do not correlate with motor severity in multiple system atrophy subtypes. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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EP-1180 Re-radiation in head and neck malignancies: experience from a tertiary care centre in eastern india. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31600-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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EP-1224 Re-Irradiation in Recurrent Gliomas: Treatment outcome and Prognostic factors. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31644-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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EP-1159 To compare outcome of Intensive nutritional support with standard practise in head ands neck cancer. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31579-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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PO099 Clinical Features, Management and One-Year Outcome of Patients With Heart Failure and Mid Range or Preserved Ejection Fraction In the Arabian Gulf Region. Glob Heart 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2018.09.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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14
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Bladder-Sparing Hypofractionated Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy plus Weekly Gemcitabine in Patients with Invasive Bladder Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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EP-1318: Hypofractionationated RT in Breast Cancer: Early Experience from a tertiary care centre in India. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31628-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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In situ characterization of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in collagen and model extracellular matrix by solid state NMR. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:13316-13319. [PMID: 29192920 PMCID: PMC5774432 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc06624d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Non-enzymatic glycation of extracellular matrix with (U-13C5)-d-ribose-5-phosphate (R5P), enables in situ 2D ssNMR identification of many deleterious protein modifications and crosslinks, including previously unreported oxalamido and hemiaminal (CH3-CH(OH)NHR) substructures. Changes in charged residue proportions and distribution may be as important as crosslinking in provoking and understanding harmful tissue changes.
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Microwave Curing of Urethane Foams for Automotive Applications. J CELL PLAST 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0021955x6800400804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Laparoendoscopic Transgastric Enucleation of an awkwardly sited Peri-Cardial Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour (GIST): A Multi- Modal Approach. LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA 2016; 166:248-52. [PMID: 26794812 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2015.1896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the modern era of surgery, minimally invasive surgery is increasingly applied for excision of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Site, size and tumor location are important factors that affect the surgical approach and excision. We performed a laparoendoscopic transgastric enucleation of a 4-cm pericardial endophytic gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) using an energy device. The surgery was successful and post-operative recovery uneventful. No tumor recurrence was detected on surveillance gastroscopy. In the safe hands of a well-trained laparoscopic upper gastrointestinal surgeon, pericardial GIST can be enucleated safely by this method. The avoidance of surgical staplers is not only cost-effective, but also reduces the risk of associated complications.
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29: Descriptive Analysis of Paediatric Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgery in Four University Teaching Hospitals. Paediatr Child Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/20.5.e43b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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20
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Response to "Setbacks of transoral temporomandibular joint ankylotic mass excision". Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 44:673. [PMID: 25766460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Gap arthroplasty of temporomandibular joint ankylosis by transoral access: a case series. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 43:1468-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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22
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Endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke: not yet a panacea for all troubles. Neurol India 2014; 62:474. [PMID: 25237975 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.141298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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23
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Dosimetric Impact of Intrafraction Motion in Spine SABR. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Response: Facial nuclear degeneration on MRI in bulbar onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. QJM 2014; 107:409. [PMID: 24309763 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hct225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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26
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Characterising effects of impact velocity on brain and behaviour in a model of diffuse traumatic axonal injury. Neuroscience 2013; 248:17-29. [PMID: 23735754 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The velocity of impact between an object and the human head is a critical factor influencing brain injury outcomes but has not been explored in any detail in animal models. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the interplay between impact velocity and injury severity in a well-established weight-drop impact acceleration (WDIA) model of diffuse brain injury in rodents. We modified the standard WDIA model to produce impact velocities of 5.4, 5.85 and 6.15 m/s while keeping constant the weight and the drop height. Gradations in impact velocity produced progressive degrees of injury severity measured behaviourally, electrophysiologically and anatomically, with the former two methods showing greater sensitivity to changes in impact velocity. There were impact velocity-dependent reductions in sensorimotor performance and in cortical depth-related depression of sensory cortex responses; however axonal injury (demonstrated by immunohistochemistry for β-amyloid precursor protein and neurofilament heavy-chain) was discernible only at the highest impact velocity. We conclude that the WDIA model is capable of producing graded axonal injury in a repeatable manner, and as such will prove useful in the study of the biomechanics, pathophysiology and potential treatment of diffuse axonal injury.
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Pattern of renal involvement and its correlation with outcomes in patients with small and medium vessel vasculitis – experience from a tertiary care center in India. Presse Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2013.02.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Microbiological assessment of four probiotic feed supplements used by the dairy industry in New Zealand. N Z Vet J 2013; 61:119-20. [DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2012.716359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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29
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Jane Rajan. Assoc Med J 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.e6066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Association between various types of obesity and macular pigment optical density. Eye (Lond) 2012; 26:259-66. [PMID: 22222262 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2011.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To elucidate the association between macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and various types of obesity in the South-Indian population. PATIENTS AND METHODS In total, 300 eyes of 161 healthy volunteers of South-Indian origin were studied. MPOD was measured psychophysically at 0.25°, 0.50°, 1.00°, and 1.75° eccentricities from fovea. Anthropometric measurements included waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI). Using the WHO Expert Consultation guidelines, obesity was defined based on BMI alone (BMI ≥ 23 kg/m(2)), based on WC alone (WC ≥ 90 cm for men and ≥ 80 cm for women), and based on WHR alone (≥ 0.90 for men and ≥ 0.85 for women). Isolated generalized obesity was defined as increased BMI and normal WC. Isolated abdominal obesity was defined as increased WC and normal BMI. Combined obesity was defined as increased BMI and increased WC. RESULTS Mean MPOD at all eccentricities was not significantly different between men and women. Mean MPOD values did not significantly differ in various types of obesity, when compared with the normal subjects. On subgroup analysis, in age group ≥ 60 years, mean MPOD values were significantly higher in subjects with obesity based on BMI (0.61 vs 0.41, P=0.036), obesity based on WHR (0.67 vs 0.41, P=0.007), and isolated generalized obesity (0.66 vs 0.41, P=0.045) in comparison with normal subjects at 0.25° eccentricity. CONCLUSION We found lack of an association between MPOD and obesity in the South-Indian population. A similar finding was also noted on age group- and gender-wise analyses.
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Abstract
Wound complications in patients with significant co-morbidities is common; however, in our patient the problem was compounded by the inappropriate placement of negative pressure dressing.
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32
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Eastern Canadian Colorectal Cancer Consensus Conference: setting the limits of resectable disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 17:70-7. [PMID: 20651901 DOI: 10.3747/co.v17i3.610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The annual Eastern Canadian Colorectal Cancer Consensus Conference was held in Montreal, Quebec, October 22-24, 2009. Health care professionals involved in the care of patients with colorectal cancer participated in presentation and discussion sessions for the purposes of developing the recommendations presented here. This consensus statement addresses current issues in the management colorectal cancer, such as the management of hepatic and pulmonary metastases, the role of monoclonal antibodies to the epidermal growth factor receptor, and the benefits and safety of chemotherapy in elderly patients. The management of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumours and gastric cancer are also discussed.
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RESULTS OF TENEKTEPLASE USE IN MASSIVE PULMONARY THROMBOEMBOLISM. CLINICAL CASE. RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CARDIOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2011-7-1-42-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Severe and extensive neonatal hearing loss in cats results in auditory cortex plasticity that differentiates into two regions. Eur J Neurosci 2010; 31:1999-2013. [PMID: 20497473 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07214.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We examined the response characteristics of primary auditory cortex (A1) neurons in adult cats partially but extensively deafened by ototoxic drugs 2-8 days after birth. The damage evoked extensive A1 topographic map reorganization as also found by others, but a novel finding was that in the majority of cats with low-frequency edges to the cochlear lesion, the area of reorganization segregated into two areas expressing the same novel frequency inputs but differentiated by neuronal sensitivity and responsiveness. Immediately adjacent to normal A1 is an approximately 1.2-mm-wide area of reorganization in which sensitivity and responsiveness to sound are similar to that in normal A1 in the same animals and in unlesioned adult animals. Extending further into deprived A1 is a more extensive area of reorganization where neurons have poorer sensitivity and responsiveness to new inputs. These two areas did not differ in response-area bandwidth and response latency. We interpret these novel changes as the cortical consequences of severe receptor organ lesions extending to low-frequency cochlear regions. We speculate that the two areas of A1 reorganization may reflect differences in the transcortical spatial distribution of thalamo-cortical and horizontal intracortical connections. Qualitatively similar changes in response properties have been seen after retinal lesions producing large areas of visual cortical reorganization, suggesting they might be a general consequence of receptor lesions that deprive large regions of cortex of normal input. These effects may have perceptual implications for the use of cochlear implants in patients with residual low-frequency hearing.
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A phase III protocol of androgen suppression (AS) and radiation therapy (RT) versus AS and RT followed by chemotherapy with paclitaxel, estramustine, and etoposide (TEE) for localized, high-risk, prostate cancer, RTOG 9902. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.4632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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36
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Prevalence of Hepatitis G Virus Among Chronic Liver Disease Patients and Voluntary Blood Donors in Kerala, India. Int J Infect Dis 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.05.1249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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37
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Review of utilization of trastuzumab in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer in four university-teaching hospitals in Quebec, Canada. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.6615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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38
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Learning speech-in-noise discrimination in adult humans. Hear Res 2008; 238:155-64. [PMID: 18024026 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2007.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2007] [Revised: 09/26/2007] [Accepted: 10/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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39
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Flow of formulation granules through a conical hopper. Indian J Pharm Sci 2008; 70:816-21. [PMID: 21369452 PMCID: PMC3040885 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.49133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2007] [Revised: 06/07/2008] [Accepted: 12/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gravity flow characteristics of various pharmaceutical granules through static conical hoppers of different cone angles were studied. Mass flow rate depends on properties of granules and cone angles when environmental conditions such as temperature and relative humidity are kept within a fixed range. The granules were made with active pharmaceutical ingredients as per Indian pharmacopoeia with other additives like binders and diluents. Lubricants were added with the granules to observe their effects on mass flow rate. Magnesium stearate and colloidal silicon dioxide of different proportions were used as lubricants after granulation. A new dimensionally analyzed equation was developed to predict flow rate of the granules. The developed equation agreed well with the experimental data with a percentage deviation of ±10%.
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The relationship between cancer and medication exposures in systemic lupus erythaematosus: a case-cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis 2008; 67:74-9. [PMID: 17545189 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2006.069039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine if, in systemic lupus erythaematosus (SLE), exposure to immunosuppressive therapy (cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate) increases cancer risk. METHODS A case-cohort study was performed within a multi-site international SLE cohort; subjects were linked to regional tumour registries to determine cancer cases occurring after entry into the cohort. We calculated the hazard ratio (HR) for cancer after exposure to an immunosuppressive drug, in models that controlled for other medications (anti-malarial drugs, systemic glucocorticoids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), aspirin), smoking, age, sex, race/ethnicity, geographic location, calendar year, SLE duration, and lupus damage scores. In the primary analyses, exposures were treated categorically (ever/never) and as time-dependent. RESULTS Results are presented from 246 cancer cases and 538 controls without cancer. The adjusted HR for overall cancer risk after any immunosuppressive drug was 0.82 (95% CI 0.50-1.36). Age > or = 65, and the presence of non-malignancy damage were associated with overall cancer risk. For lung cancer (n = 35 cases), smoking was also a prominent risk factor. When looking at haematological cancers specifically (n = 46 cases), there was a suggestion of an increased risk after immunosuppressive drug exposures, particularly when these were lagged by a period of 5 years (adjusted HR 2.29, 95% CI 1.02-5.15). CONCLUSIONS In our SLE sample, age > or = 65, damage, and tobacco exposure were associated with cancer risk. Though immunosuppressive therapy may not be the principal driving factor for overall cancer risk, it may contribute to an increased risk of haematological malignancies. Future studies are in progress to evaluate independent influence of medication exposures and disease activity on risk of malignancy.
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41
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Surgical management of oral submucous fibrosis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2007.08.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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42
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Learning in a task of complex auditory streaming and identification. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2007; 89:448-61. [PMID: 17884609 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2007.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2007] [Revised: 08/01/2007] [Accepted: 08/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Adult humans were studied for improvements in their ability to segregate natural whole speech in background noise, in 6 test sessions spaced with a very wide range of inter-session interval (ISI) ranging from minutes to weeks apart so as to examine the effect of this parameter on initial (early) and late components of perceptual learning. Improvements were found even with spacings of 3 weeks between the punctate task sessions. All subjects showed similar total learning amounts but there were sex- and ISI-dependent differences in learning patterns, which we indexed by dividing the overall exponentially-decreasing learning pattern into an early phase between the first two sessions and a later phase between the second and sixth sessions. Males tested at all ISIs and females tested at short (2, 5 and 15 min) and long (1-21 days) ISIs showed small amounts of early-phase learning and large amounts of late-phase learning. However, females tested at intermediate (30 min and 1h) ISIs showed only early learning, i.e., faster learning given that the total learning was the same. This sex- and ISI-specific deviant pattern could be changed to the standard pattern by interposing an overnight interruption that included sleep amongst test sessions. Thus, improvement in this complex auditory streaming and identification task can occur even with very brief and widely-spaced exposure, generally through a standard pattern of slower overall learning, but also through a sex- and ISI-specific deviant pattern of very rapid early learning which can be modulated by interposed delay unlike the standard pattern.
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Heterogeneity in the coding in rat barrel cortex of the velocity of protraction of the macrovibrissae. Eur J Neurosci 2007; 25:2383-403. [PMID: 17445236 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05481.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rats whisk to explore their environment and obtain information on object features, and the responses of somatosensory cortical neurones must precisely encode aspects of whisker movements. Using trapezoidal stimuli to deflect whiskers, with a wide range of velocities and amplitudes of whisker protraction, we recorded responses from a relatively homogeneous population of isolated cells and neuronal multiunits within the postero-medial barrel sub-field of somatosensory cortex, and analysed responses in an early post-stimulus-onset window. For 92% of neurones the function relating response strength to velocity was a saturating sigmoid but there were differences between neurones in the slopes and ranges over which responses changed. Responses of other neurones were non-monotonic, with response strength decaying at very high whisker deflection velocities. Generally, barrel cortex neurones were responsive to a much wider range of whisker protraction velocities than hitherto reported, especially to much slower velocities than generally assumed to be the main range of sensitivity. This carries implications for coding of whisker deflection velocity, a parameter that appears to be a significant information-bearing element of natural whisking. The effect of amplitude of deflection upon neural responses was evident in only approximately 24% of units and only when the dominant velocity effect had saturated.
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Bandwidth dependency of cochlear centrifugal pathways in modulating hearing desensitization caused by loud sound. Neuroscience 2007; 147:1103-13. [PMID: 17600627 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2007] [Revised: 05/06/2007] [Accepted: 05/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Centrifugal olivocochlear (OC) pathways modulate cochlear hearing desensitization induced by loud sounds, but there is a null point, determined by sound bandwidth, for this effect. In a previous study, using loud sounds from the region of greatest hearing sensitivity in cats, OC pathways did not affect desensitization induced by 2-kHz wide noise, but did to narrower bandwidth (tones) or broader bandwidth (3.5 kHz-wide or 5 kHz-wide noise) trauma from the same cochlear region. The bandwidth null-point effect occurred in three very different conditions in which OC pathways modulated losses to narrower or broader bandwidth traumata, confirming the robustness of this phenomenon, and was also true for sub-component OC pathways: neither crossed nor uncrossed OC pathways individually modulated desensitization to that 2 kHz-wide noise. The medial olivocochlear system (MOCS) that is most likely to have modulated desensitization in that study, varies in its cochlear distribution; in cats, densest innervation is in the region of greatest hearing sensitivity and the decrease away from that region means MOCS effects there may not translate to other regions. This hypothesis was now tested in lower- (around 4 kHz) and higher- (around 18 kHz) frequency cochlear regions. Across this fairly large cochlear swath, no OC modulation of desensitization occurred to 2-kHz-wide bandwidth sounds, but did to broader bandwidth; thus the bandwidth dependency was constant across this swath. However, when OC effects did occur, the pattern of effects of OC sub-components could be idiosyncratic to sound bandwidth and cochlear region even for similar net OC effects.
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Bandwidth determines modulatory effects of centrifugal pathways on cochlear hearing desensitization caused by loud sound. Eur J Neurosci 2006; 24:3589-600. [PMID: 17229107 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.05246.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Centrifugal olivocochlear (OC) pathways modulate cochlear hearing losses induced in cats by loud sounds varying in bandwidth from tones to clicks and noise bands, in a variety of conditions. The general effect, always to reduce hearing damage, can be a net effect resulting from complex interactions between OC subcomponents (crossed and uncrossed OC pathways). The interactions between these subcomponents vary with type of loud sound, suggesting that sound bandwidth may be important in determining how OC pathways modulate loud sound-induced hearing loss. This dependency was examined and here it is reported that OC pathways do not alter cochlear hearing losses caused by loud noise with a 2-kHz-wide bandwidth intermediate between the loud sounds of previous studies. Increasing stimulus bandwidth even slightly more, to use a loud 3.5-kHz-wide bandwidth noise as the damaging sound, once again revealed OC modulation of cochlear hearing loss. The fact that OC pathways do not modulate cochlear hearing losses induced by loud 2-kHz-wide noise was demonstrated in three very different test conditions in which OC pathways modulate hearing losses caused by narrower or broader bandwidth sounds. This confirmed that the absence of centrifugal modulation of hearing loss to this particular sound was a robust phenomenon not related to test condition. The absence of overall centrifugal effects was also true at the level of subcomponent pathways; neither crossed nor uncrossed OC pathways individually modulated cochlear hearing losses to the loud 2-kHz-wide noise. This surprising frequency dependency has general implications for centrifugal modulation of cochlear responses.
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A novel stimulus system for applying tactile stimuli to the macrovibrissae in electrophysiological experiments. J Neurosci Methods 2006; 157:103-17. [PMID: 16698087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2006.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2005] [Revised: 02/28/2006] [Accepted: 04/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The rat's vibrissae are a wonderful system for the study of sensory neural encoding in relation to behaviour because the vibrissae are easily identifiable and accessible for manipulation, allowing easy application of a variety of different types of deflections that mimic natural whisking. Here we report the development of a powerful and flexible method for precisely deflecting these vibrissae. Recordings from CNS neurons showed, in response to variations in the parameters of a trapezoid whisker deflection stimulus that mimics the basic unit of whisking, a variety of complex responses as well as complex interactions between different response components. The recordings also included a response that is reported to be found during active whisking (movement under muscle control) and not passive whisker movements and thus to differentiate active from passive whisker deflections. Thus, this system could well be used in anaesthetized animals to apply whisker deflections that well mimic natural active whisking in awake animals, thereby allowing highly detailed study of the neuronal responses and neuronal interactions found with natural whisking behaviour.
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Contextual modulation of cochlear hearing desensitization depends on the type of loud sound trauma. Hear Res 2006; 213:58-63. [PMID: 16439080 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2005.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2005] [Revised: 12/14/2005] [Accepted: 12/15/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In ears in which cochlear efferent pathways were cut and with testing done under anaesthetic conditions that preclude middle ear muscle activity (so as to examine the "intrinsic" effects of loud sound on the cochlea without any confounding effect of efferent pathways to the auditory periphery), atraumatic background white noise (WN) increases cochlear hearing loss (temporary threshold shifts, TTSs) induced by a traumatic pure tone but reduces TTSs caused by traumatic 5-kHz wide narrow band (NB) sound. The short-duration moderately intense traumata used in these studies most likely cause TTSs by affecting cochlear mechanics and these WN modulatory effects, exerted directly on the cochlea's intrinsic susceptibility to TTSs, are not predicted by any current description of cochlear mechanics. Here it is demonstrated that background WN reduces trauma-induced TTSs with even a relatively small increase in trauma bandwidth beyond that of a pure tone, discounting the alternative that contextual modulatory effects transition systematically along a continuum as trauma bandwidth increases from a pure tone to a broader bandwidth (albeit 2 kHz-wide NB) trauma. These results have implications for cochlear mechanics as the TTSs due to the traumatic sound of this study are most likely due to changes in cochlear mechanics but are not easily explained by what is currently known of cochlear mechanics.
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Colonization of mycoplasma in the upper respiratory tract of AIDS patients with pulmonary symptoms in Chennai, India. Indian J Med Res 2005; 122:506-10. [PMID: 16518001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Mycoplasmas have been implicated in causing minor to severe respiratory infections in man. Mycoplasmas are considered to act as cofactors in patients with AIDS. A preliminary study was conducted to isolate mycoplasmas from sputum specimens of AIDS patients and non-HIV patients with underlying pulmonary symptoms and signs. METHODS A total of 130 sputum samples (100 from AIDS patients and 30 from non-HIV) were cultured on standard pleuropneumonia-like organisms (PPLO) glucose agar up to 3 wk. The plates were examined for the presence of fried-egg colonies characteristic of Mycoplasma. Subsequently the plates were stained using Diene's stain. Sputum specimens from the AIDS patients were also screened for other bacterial pathogens. RESULTS Mycoplasmas were detected from 36 (36%) of the AIDS patients and only 5 (16.6%) of the non HIV control individuals with underlying pulmonary symptoms. Data on the detection rates of other microorganisms from the AIDS cases were also analysed. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION This preliminary study provided supportive evidence that mycoplasma colonized in upper respiratory tract of individuals with AIDS to a larger extent than that of the non HIV subjects with pulmonary symptoms. Further studies need to be done to characterize mycoplasma isolates to species level.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence supports an association between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). OBJECTIVES To describe demographic factors, subtypes, and survival of patients with SLE who develop NHL. METHODS A multi-site cohort of 9547 subjects with definite SLE was assembled. Subjects at each centre were linked to regional tumour registries to determine cancer cases occurring after SLE diagnosis. For the NHL cases ascertained, descriptive statistics were calculated, and NHL subtype frequency and median survival time of patients determined. RESULTS 42 cases of NHL occurred in the patients with SLE during the 76,948 patient-years of observation. The median age of patients at NHL diagnosis was 57 years. Thirty six (86%) of the 42 patients developing NHL were women, reflecting the female predominance of the cohort. In the patients, aggressive histological subtypes appeared to predominate, with the most commonly identified NHL subtype being diffuse large B cell (11 out of 21 cases for which histological subtype was available). Twenty two of the patients had died a median of 1.2 years after lymphoma diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest aggressive disease in patients with SLE who develop NHL. Continuing work should provide further insight into the patterns of presentation, prognosis, and aetiology of NHL in SLE.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Female
- Humans
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/epidemiology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/epidemiology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/etiology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/epidemiology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/etiology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/genetics
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prognosis
- Registries
- Survival Analysis
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