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Anbari K, Sicard P, Omidi Khaniabadi Y, Raja Naqvi H, Rashidi R. Assessing the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on air quality change and human health outcomes in a capital city, southwestern Iran. Int J Environ Health Res 2023; 33:1716-1727. [PMID: 36099327 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2120967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aimsof this study were to assess the spatial variation of PM2.5, NO2, and O3 between 2019 (before) and 2020 (during COVID-19 pandemic); and calculation the health outcomes of exposure to these pollutants. The daily PM2.5, NO2, and O3 concentrations were applied to assess health effects by relative risk, and baseline incidence. The annual PM2.5 and NO2 mean concentrations exceeded the WHO guideline values, while O3 did not exceed. The restrictive measures associated to COVID-19 led to reduction at the annual means of PM2.5 and NO2 by -25.5% and -23.1%, respectively, while the annual mean of O3 increased by +7.9%. The number of M-CVD and M-RD (-25.6%, -26.1%) related to PM2.5 exposure, and HA-COPD and HA-RD >65 years old (-21% and -3.84%) related to NO2 exposure were reduced in 2020, and O3 exposure-related M-CVD (+30.1%) and HA-RD >65 years old (+23.4%) increased compared to the previous year 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatereh Anbari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | | | - Yusef Omidi Khaniabadi
- Occupational and Environmental Health Research Center, Petroleum Industry Health Organization (PIHO), Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hasan Raja Naqvi
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajab Rashidi
- Department of Occupational Health, Nutritional Health Research Center, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Rashidi R, Khaniabadi YO, Sicard P, De Marco A, Anbari K. Ambient PM 2.5 and O 3 pollution and health impacts in Iranian megacity. Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess 2023; 37:175-184. [PMID: 35965492 PMCID: PMC9358119 DOI: 10.1007/s00477-022-02286-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The main objectives of this study were to (i) assess variation within fine particles (PM2.5) and tropospheric ozone (O3) time series in Khorramabad (Iran) between 2019 (before) and 2020 (during COVID-19 pandemic); (ii) assess relationship between PM2.5 and O3, the PM2.5/O3 ratio, and energy consumption; and (iii) estimate the health effects of exposure to ambient PM2.5 and O3. From hourly PM2.5 and O3 concentrations, we applied both linear-log and integrated exposure-response functions, city-specific relative risk, and baseline incidence values to estimate the health effects over time. A significant correlation was found between PM2.5 and O3 (r =-0.46 in 2019, r =-0.55 in 2020, p < 0.05). The number of premature deaths for all non-accidental causes (27.5 and 24.6), ischemic heart disease (7.3 and 6.3), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (17 and 19.2), and lung cancer (9.2 and 6.25) attributed to ambient PM2.5 exposure and for respiratory diseases (4.7 and 5.4) for exposure to O3 above 10 µg m-3 for people older than 30-year-old were obtained in 2019 and 2020. The number of years of life lost declined by 11.6% in 2020 and exposure to PM2.5 reduced the life expectancy by 0.58 and 0.45 years, respectively in 2019 and 2020. Compared to 2019, the restrictive measures associated to COVID-19 pandemic led to reduction in PM2.5 (-25.5%) and an increase of O3 concentration (+ 8.0%) in Khorramabad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajab Rashidi
- Department of Occupational Health, Nutritional Health Research Center, School of Health and Nutrition,
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Yusef Omidi Khaniabadi
- Occupational and Environmental Health Research Center, Petroleum Industry Health Organization (PIHO), Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | | | - Khatereh Anbari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Anbari K, Khaniabadi YO, Sicard P, Naqvi HR, Rashidi R. Increased tropospheric ozone levels as a public health issue during COVID-19 lockdown and estimation the related pulmonary diseases. Atmos Pollut Res 2022; 13:101600. [PMID: 36439075 PMCID: PMC9676228 DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2022.101600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to i) investigate the variation of tropospheric ozone (O3) levels during the COVID-19 lockdown; ii) determine the relationships between O3 concentrations with the number of COVID-19 cases; and iii) estimate the O3-related health effects in Southwestern Iran (Khorramabad) over the time period 2019-2021. The hourly O3 data were collected from ground monitoring stations, as well as retrieved from Sentinel-5 satellite data for showing the changes in O3 levels pre, during, and after lockdown period. The concentration-response function model was applied using relative risk (RR) values and baseline incidence (BI) to assess the O3-related health effects. Compared to 2019, the annual O3 mean concentrations increased by 12.2% in 2020 and declined by 3.9% in 2021. The spatiotemporal changes showed a significant O3 increase during COVID-19 lockdown, and a negative correlation between O3 levels and the number of COVID-19 cases was found (r = - 0.59, p < 0.05). In 2020, the number of hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases increased by 4.0 per 105 cases, the mortality for respiratory diseases increased by 0.7 per 105 cases, and the long-term mortality for respiratory diseases increased by 0.9 per 105 cases. Policy decisions are now required to reduce the surface O3 concentrations and O3-related health effects in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatereh Anbari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Yusef Omidi Khaniabadi
- Occupational and Environmental Health Research Center, Petroleum Industry Health Organization (PIHO), Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Pierre Sicard
- ARGANS, 260 Route Du Pin Montard, 06410, Biot, France
| | - Hasan Raja Naqvi
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajab Rashidi
- Department of Occupational Health, Nutritional Health Research Center, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Rashidi R, Faridan M, Kamarehie B, Azimi F. Evaluation of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) concentration in the city of Khorramabad gas stations using AERMOD and ArcGIS. JAPH 2022. [DOI: 10.18502/japh.v6i4.8585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: In the present study, the emission of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from gas stations located in the city of Khorramabad and its impact on the environment was investigated based on the AERMOD dispersion model and the preparation of maps in Geographic Information System (GIS).
Materials and methods: 7 gas stations were randomly selected and the values of VOCs emission in two seasons of the year (winter and summer) were examined. The Phochek 5000 direct reading device was used to measure VOC concentrations. R 3.6.3 was used for the data analysis.
Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference among the gas stations in terms of VOCs emission (P>0.05). The highest mean concentration observed at gas station No. 6 with 7.7± 6.48 mg/m3 while the lowest concentration was at gas station number 3 with a concentration of 0.52±0.18 mg/m3. The results from the anova revealed that there was a significant difference between the seasons in terms of the VOCs emission (P<0.05). The mean concentration of the VOCs was 3.58±2.77 mg/m3 in the summer and 2.53±2.4 mg/m3 in the winter.
Conclusion: Based on the results, the highest estimated concentration in the summer was recorded in the vicinity of gas station No. 6, which is located below Imam Hossein square. Due to the proximity of gas station No. 5 to gas station No. 6 as well as being in the direction of the prevailing wind, the concentrations of VOC emitted by these two gas stations will increase the estimated concentration around Imam Hossein square.
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Jalali H, Ghorbanfekr H, Hamid I, Neek-Amal M, Rashidi R, Peeters FM. Out-of-plane permittivity of confined water. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:022803. [PMID: 32942431 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.022803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The dielectric properties of confined water is of fundamental interest and is still controversial. For water confined in channels with height smaller than h=8Å, we found a commensurability effect and an extraordinary decrease in the out-of-plane dielectric constant down to the limit of the dielectric constant of optical water. Spatial resolved polarization density data obtained from molecular dynamics simulations are found to be antisymmetric across the channel and are used as input in a mean-field model for the dielectric constant as a function of the height of the channel for h>15Å. Our results are in excellent agreement with a recent experiment [L. Fumagalli et al., Science 360, 1339 (2018)SCIEAS0036-807510.1126/science.aat4191].
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jalali
- Department of Physics, University of Zanjan, 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Physics, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, 16875-163, Lavizan, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Ghorbanfekr
- Department of Physics, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Ilyar Hamid
- Department of Physics, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - M Neek-Amal
- Department of Physics, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, 16875-163, Lavizan, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physics, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - R Rashidi
- Department of Physics, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, 16875-163, Lavizan, Tehran, Iran
| | - F M Peeters
- Department of Physics, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
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Rashidi R, Yousefinejad S, Mokarami H. Catalytic ozonation process using CuO/clinoptilolite zeolite for the removal of formaldehyde from the air stream. Int J Environ Sci Technol 2019; 16:6629-6636. [DOI: 10.1007/s13762-018-2059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
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Khaniabadi YO, Daryanoosh M, Sicard P, Takdastan A, Hopke PK, Esmaeili S, De Marco A, Rashidi R. Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases related to outdoor PM 10, O 3, SO 2, and NO 2 in a heavily polluted megacity of Iran. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:17726-17734. [PMID: 29671231 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1902-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to quantify, by an approach proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO), the daily hospital admissions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) related to exposure to particulate matter (PM10) and oxidants such as ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in a heavily polluted city in Iran. For the health impact assessment, in terms of COPD, the current published relative risk (RR) and baseline incidence (BI) values, suggested by the WHO, and the 1-h O3 concentrations and daily PM10, NO2, and SO2 concentrations were compiled. The results showed that 5.9, 4.1, 1.2, and 1.9% of the COPD daily hospitalizations in 2011 and 6.6, 1.9, 2.3, and 2.1% in 2012 were attributed to PM10, O3, SO2, and NO2 concentrations exceeding 10 μg/m3, respectively. This study indicates that air quality and the high air pollutant levels have an effect on COPD morbidity. Air pollution is associated with visits to emergency services and hospital admissions. A lower relative risk can be achieved if some stringent control strategies for reducing air pollutants or emission precursors are implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusef Omidi Khaniabadi
- Department of Environmental Health, Health Care System of Karoon, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Daryanoosh
- Department of Environmental Health, Health Center of Hendijan, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Afshin Takdastan
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Philip K Hopke
- Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14619, USA
| | - Shirin Esmaeili
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alessandra De Marco
- Department of Territorial and Production Systems Sustainability, ENEA, Rome, Italy
| | - Rajab Rashidi
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
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Biglari H, RodríguezíCouto S, Khaniabadi YO, Nourmoradi H, Khoshgoftar M, Amrane A, Vosoughi M, Esmaeili S, Heydari R, Mohammadi MJ, Rashidi R. Cationic Surfactant-modified Clay as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Synthetic Dyes from Aqueous Solutions. International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2017-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn this study, the potential of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide modified montmorillonite (HDTMA-Mt) to remove the synthetic dyes Alizarin Red S (ARS) and Bromocresol Green (BCG) from aqueous media was assessed. The effect of different factors including surfactant loading rate onto the clay, contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage and dye concentrations, on the removal of ARS and BCG in batch systems were investigated. The adsorbent was characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The equilibrium time for ARS and BCG was reached at 40 and 20 min, respectively, under optimized conditions (i.e. pH = 3, adsorbent dosage=1 g/L, surfactant loading rate onto the clay 70% of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) for ARS and 120% of the CEC for BCG, ARS concentration 50 mg/L and BCG concentration 500 mg/L). The adsorption rate of both dyes fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the equilibrium data was described by the Freundlich isotherm equation. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacities were equal to 666.6 and 1250 mg/g for ARS and BCG, respectively. Therefore, the HDTMA-Mt can be considered as an effective adsorbent for the removal of ARS and BCG from aqueous solutions.
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Zeydouni G, Kianizadeh M, Omidi Khaniabadi Y, Nourmoradi H, Esmaeili S, Mohammadi MJ, Rashidi R. Eriochrme black-T removal from aqueous environment by surfactant modified clay: equilibrium, kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies. TOXIN REV 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2018.1455214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghader Zeydouni
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Kianizadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Yusef Omidi Khaniabadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Health Care System of Karoon, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Heshmatollah Nourmoradi
- Biotechnology and Medical Plants Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Shirin Esmaeili
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Rajab Rashidi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Nutrition Health Research Center, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Daryanoosh M, Goudarzi G, Rashidi R, Keishams F, Hopke PK, Mohammadi MJ, Nourmoradi H, Sicard P, Takdastan A, Vosoughi M, Veysi M, Kianizadeh M, Omidi Khaniabadi Y. Risk of morbidity attributed to ambient PM10 in the western cities of Iran. TOXIN REV 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2017.1370602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Daryanoosh
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Health Center of Hendijan, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Goudarzi
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Rajab Rashidi
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Fariba Keishams
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Philip K. Hopke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA
| | | | - Heshmatollah Nourmoradi
- Biotechnology and Medical Plants Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | | | - Afshin Takdastan
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Vosoughi
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohammad Veysi
- Industrial Relation Office, Deputy of Research Affair, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Kianizadeh
- Department of Environmental Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Yusef Omidi Khaniabadi
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Health Care System of Karoon, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Vanerio G, Maloney J, Rashidi R, McCowan R, Castle L, Morant V, Wilkoff B, Simmons T. The effects of percutaneous catheter ablation on preexisting permanent pacemakers. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1990; 13:1637-45. [PMID: 1704517 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1990.tb06866.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Determine the effect of percutaneous catheter ablation (CA) on permanent pacemakers. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Twenty-three patients who underwent CA at The Cleveland Clinic Foundation from September 1983 to January 1990, and had a previously implanted pacemaker were studied. Electrocardiographic data during the CA procedure and clinic data including pacemaker evaluations were analyzed. Fifty-two percent (12/23) of the pacemakers malfunctioned: five developed transient ventricular loss of capture; two undersensing; one oversensing; three could not be interrogated or programmed, and one did not respond to the magnet test. Four patients developed syncopal episodes and two severe dizziness after the procedure. All had their pacemakers replaced. In total, seven were explanted. Destructive analysis by the individual manufacturer identified pacemaker circuitry failure in five. Unipolar pacemakers and anodal ablation procedures had more frequent and severe malfunctions, but the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Pacemaker malfunction is frequent during CA. It may be prevented by programming the pacemaker, when possible, to the nonfunctioning mode (000 mode). Temporarily disconnecting the pacemaker during ablation requires further evaluation as an alternative approach. Close follow-up can detect pacemaker malfunction and prevent complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Vanerio
- Department of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195
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Ballas SL, Rashidi R, McAlister H, Corbelli R, McCowan R, Wilkoff BL, Castle LW, Morant VA, Simmons TW, Maloney JD. The use of beep-o-grams in the assessment of automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator sensing function. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1989; 12:1737-45. [PMID: 2478973 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1989.tb01859.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive assessment of sensing performance in the automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator is limited by the absence of telemetry or memory functions. The adaptation of the electrophysiological test mode into a "beep-o-gram" recording, with simultaneous audible tones and a surface electrocardiogram, was used in the confirmation of sensing malfunction. Eleven of 13 recordings in patients with documented or clinically suspected inappropriate defibrillator discharges (group 1) demonstrated evidence of definite oversensing. Nonspecific oversensing or undersensing was present in 77% of 27 randomly selected asymptomatic patients without known sensing malfunction (group 2). The sensitivity and specificity for identifying definite oversensing was 85% and 60%, respectively. The beep-o-gram system is a reliable, noninvasive means of confirming sensing malfunction in the automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Its specificity is limited by the detection of subclinical sensing aberrations, to some degree related to the device's automatic gain control sensing algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Ballas
- Department of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195
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