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Thompson LM, Thurman LL, Cook CN, Beever EA, Sgrò CM, Battles A, Botero CA, Gross JE, Hall KR, Hendry AP, Hoffmann AA, Hoving C, LeDee OE, Mengelt C, Nicotra AB, Niver RA, Pérez‐Jvostov F, Quiñones RM, Schuurman GW, Schwartz MK, Szymanski J, Whiteley A. Connecting research and practice to enhance the evolutionary potential of species under climate change. Conservat Sci and Prac 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Thompson
- U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), National Climate Adaptation Science Center and the University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
| | | | - Carly N. Cook
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Melbourne Australia
| | - Erik A. Beever
- USGS, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center and Montana State University Bozeman Montana USA
| | - Carla M. Sgrò
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Melbourne Australia
| | | | | | - John E. Gross
- National Park Service (NPS) Climate Change Response Program Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Olivia E. LeDee
- USGS, Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center Saint Paul Minnesota USA
| | | | | | - Robyn A. Niver
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), Branch of Listing and Policy Support Bailey's Crossroads Virginia USA
| | | | - Rebecca M. Quiñones
- Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife Westborough Massachusetts USA
| | - Gregor W. Schuurman
- National Park Service (NPS) Climate Change Response Program Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - Michael K. Schwartz
- U.S. Forest Service, National Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish Conservation Missoula Montana USA
| | - Jennifer Szymanski
- USFWS, Branch of SSA Science Support, Division of Endangered Species Onalaska Wisconsin USA
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Morelli TL, Barrows CW, Ramirez AR, Cartwright JM, Ackerly DD, Eaves TD, Ebersole JL, Krawchuk MA, Letcher BH, Mahalovich MF, Meigs GW, Michalak JL, Millar CI, Quiñones RM, Stralberg D, Thorne JH. Climate-change refugia: biodiversity in the slow lane. Front Ecol Environ 2020; 18:228-234. [PMID: 33424494 PMCID: PMC7787983 DOI: 10.1002/fee.2189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Climate-change adaptation focuses on conducting and translating research to minimize the dire impacts of anthropogenic climate change, including threats to biodiversity and human welfare. One adaptation strategy is to focus conservation on climate-change refugia (that is, areas relatively buffered from contemporary climate change over time that enable persistence of valued physical, ecological, and sociocultural resources). In this Special Issue, recent methodological and conceptual advances in refugia science will be highlighted. Advances in this emerging subdiscipline are improving scientific understanding and conservation in the face of climate change by considering scale and ecosystem dynamics, and looking beyond climate exposure to sensitivity and adaptive capacity. We propose considering refugia in the context of a multifaceted, long-term, network-based approach, as temporal and spatial gradients of ecological persistence that can act as "slow lanes" rather than areas of stasis. After years of discussion confined primarily to the scientific literature, researchers and resource managers are now working together to put refugia conservation into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Lyn Morelli
- Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center, US Geological Survey (USGS), Amherst, MA
| | - Cameron W Barrows
- Center for Conservation Biology, University of California–Riverside, Riverside, CA
| | - Aaron R Ramirez
- Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, Reed College, Portland, OR
| | | | - David D Ackerly
- Department of Integrative Biology and Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California–Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
| | - Tatiana D Eaves
- Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Joseph L Ebersole
- Pacific Ecological Systems Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, OR
| | - Meg A Krawchuk
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | | | - Mary F Mahalovich
- Northern, Rocky Mountain, Southwestern, and Intermountain Regions, US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Moscow, ID
| | - Garrett W Meigs
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Julia L Michalak
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Diana Stralberg
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - James H Thorne
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA
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Ebersole JL, Quiñones RM, Clements S, Letcher BH. Managing climate refugia for freshwater fishes under an expanding human footprint. Front Ecol Environ 2020; 18:271-280. [PMID: 32944010 PMCID: PMC7490791 DOI: 10.1002/fee.2206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Within the context of climate adaptation, the concept of climate refugia has emerged as a framework for addressing future threats to freshwater fish populations. We evaluated recent climate-refugia management associated with water use and landscape modification by comparing efforts in the US states of Oregon and Massachusetts, for which there are contrasting resource use patterns. Using these examples, we discuss tools and principles that can be applied more broadly. Although many early efforts to identify climate refugia have focused on water temperature, substantial gains in evaluating other factors and processes regulating climate refugia (eg stream flow, groundwater availability) are facilitating refined mapping of refugia and assessment of their ecological value. Major challenges remain for incorporating climate refugia into water-quality standards, evaluating trade-offs among policy options, addressing multiple species' needs, and planning for uncertainty. However, with a procedurally transparent and conceptually sound framework to build upon, recent efforts have revealed a promising path forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Ebersole
- Pacific Ecological Systems Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, OR
| | | | | | - Benjamin H Letcher
- Conte Anadromous Fish Laboratory, US Geological Survey, Turners Falls, MA
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Grantham TE, Fesenmyer KA, Peek R, Holmes E, Quiñones RM, Bell A, Santos N, Howard JK, Viers JH, Moyle PB. Missing the Boat on Freshwater Fish Conservation in California. Conserv Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Theodore E. Grantham
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management; University of California; Berkeley California USA
| | | | - Ryan Peek
- Center for Watershed Sciences; University of California; Davis California USA
| | - Eric Holmes
- Center for Watershed Sciences; University of California; Davis California USA
| | - Rebecca M. Quiñones
- Center for Watershed Sciences; University of California; Davis California USA
| | - Andy Bell
- Center for Watershed Sciences; University of California; Davis California USA
| | - Nick Santos
- Center for Watershed Sciences; University of California; Davis California USA
| | | | - Joshua H. Viers
- School of Engineering; University of California; Merced California USA
| | - Peter B. Moyle
- Center for Watershed Sciences and Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology; University of California; Davis California USA
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Howard JK, Klausmeyer KR, Fesenmyer KA, Furnish J, Gardali T, Grantham T, Katz JVE, Kupferberg S, McIntyre P, Moyle PB, Ode PR, Peek R, Quiñones RM, Rehn AC, Santos N, Schoenig S, Serpa L, Shedd JD, Slusark J, Viers JH, Wright A, Morrison SA. Patterns of Freshwater Species Richness, Endemism, and Vulnerability in California. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130710. [PMID: 26147215 PMCID: PMC4493109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ranges and abundances of species that depend on freshwater habitats are declining worldwide. Efforts to counteract those trends are often hampered by a lack of information about species distribution and conservation status and are often strongly biased toward a few well-studied groups. We identified the 3,906 vascular plants, macroinvertebrates, and vertebrates native to California, USA, that depend on fresh water for at least one stage of their life history. We evaluated the conservation status for these taxa using existing government and non-governmental organization assessments (e.g., endangered species act, NatureServe), created a spatial database of locality observations or distribution information from ~400 data sources, and mapped patterns of richness, endemism, and vulnerability. Although nearly half of all taxa with conservation status (n = 1,939) are vulnerable to extinction, only 114 (6%) of those vulnerable taxa have a legal mandate for protection in the form of formal inclusion on a state or federal endangered species list. Endemic taxa are at greater risk than non-endemics, with 90% of the 927 endemic taxa vulnerable to extinction. Records with spatial data were available for a total of 2,276 species (61%). The patterns of species richness differ depending on the taxonomic group analyzed, but are similar across taxonomic level. No particular taxonomic group represents an umbrella for all species, but hotspots of high richness for listed species cover 40% of the hotspots for all other species and 58% of the hotspots for vulnerable freshwater species. By mapping freshwater species hotspots we show locations that represent the top priority for conservation action in the state. This study identifies opportunities to fill gaps in the evaluation of conservation status for freshwater taxa in California, to address the lack of occurrence information for nearly 40% of freshwater taxa and nearly 40% of watersheds in the state, and to implement adequate protections for freshwater taxa where they are currently lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette K. Howard
- The Nature Conservancy, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Kirk R. Klausmeyer
- The Nature Conservancy, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | | | - Joseph Furnish
- USDA Forest Service, Vallejo, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas Gardali
- Point Blue Conservation Science, Petaluma, California, United States of America
| | - Ted Grantham
- Center for Watershed Sciences and Department of Wildlife Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Jacob V. E. Katz
- Center for Watershed Sciences and Department of Wildlife Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Sarah Kupferberg
- Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Patrick McIntyre
- Biogeographic Data Branch, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Peter B. Moyle
- Center for Watershed Sciences and Department of Wildlife Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Peter R. Ode
- Aquatic Bioassessment Laboratory, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Rancho Cordova, California, United States of America
| | - Ryan Peek
- Center for Watershed Sciences and Department of Wildlife Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Rebecca M. Quiñones
- Center for Watershed Sciences and Department of Wildlife Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Andrew C. Rehn
- Biogeographic Data Branch, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Nick Santos
- Center for Watershed Sciences and Department of Wildlife Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Steve Schoenig
- Biogeographic Data Branch, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Larry Serpa
- The Nature Conservancy, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jackson D. Shedd
- The Nature Conservancy, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Joe Slusark
- Biogeographic Data Branch, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Joshua H. Viers
- School of Engineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Amber Wright
- Department of Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Scott A. Morrison
- The Nature Conservancy, San Francisco, California, United States of America
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Quiñones RM, Holyoak M, Johnson ML, Moyle PB. Potential factors affecting survival differ by run-timing and location: linear mixed-effects models of Pacific salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.) in the Klamath River, California. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98392. [PMID: 24866173 PMCID: PMC4035341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding factors influencing survival of Pacific salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.) is essential to species conservation, because drivers of mortality can vary over multiple spatial and temporal scales. Although recent studies have evaluated the effects of climate, habitat quality, or resource management (e.g., hatchery operations) on salmonid recruitment and survival, a failure to look at multiple factors simultaneously leaves open questions about the relative importance of different factors. We analyzed the relationship between ten factors and survival (1980-2007) of four populations of salmonids with distinct life histories from two adjacent watersheds (Salmon and Scott rivers) in the Klamath River basin, California. The factors were ocean abundance, ocean harvest, hatchery releases, hatchery returns, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, North Pacific Gyre Oscillation, El Niño Southern Oscillation, snow depth, flow, and watershed disturbance. Permutation tests and linear mixed-effects models tested effects of factors on survival of each taxon. Potential factors affecting survival differed among taxa and between locations. Fall Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha survival trends appeared to be driven partially or entirely by hatchery practices. Trends in three taxa (Salmon River spring Chinook salmon, Scott River fall Chinook salmon; Salmon River summer steelhead trout O. mykiss) were also likely driven by factors subject to climatic forcing (ocean abundance, summer flow). Our findings underscore the importance of multiple factors in simultaneously driving population trends in widespread species such as anadromous salmonids. They also show that the suite of factors may differ among different taxa in the same location as well as among populations of the same taxa in different watersheds. In the Klamath basin, hatchery practices need to be reevaluated to protect wild salmonids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M. Quiñones
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Marcel Holyoak
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Michael L. Johnson
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Peter B. Moyle
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
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Moyle PB, Kiernan JD, Crain PK, Quiñones RM. Climate change vulnerability of native and alien freshwater fishes of California: a systematic assessment approach. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63883. [PMID: 23717503 PMCID: PMC3661749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Freshwater fishes are highly vulnerable to human-caused climate change. Because quantitative data on status and trends are unavailable for most fish species, a systematic assessment approach that incorporates expert knowledge was developed to determine status and future vulnerability to climate change of freshwater fishes in California, USA. The method uses expert knowledge, supported by literature reviews of status and biology of the fishes, to score ten metrics for both (1) current status of each species (baseline vulnerability to extinction) and (2) likely future impacts of climate change (vulnerability to extinction). Baseline and climate change vulnerability scores were derived for 121 native and 43 alien fish species. The two scores were highly correlated and were concordant among different scorers. Native species had both greater baseline and greater climate change vulnerability than did alien species. Fifty percent of California’s native fish fauna was assessed as having critical or high baseline vulnerability to extinction whereas all alien species were classified as being less or least vulnerable. For vulnerability to climate change, 82% of native species were classified as highly vulnerable, compared with only 19% for aliens. Predicted climate change effects on freshwater environments will dramatically change the fish fauna of California. Most native fishes will suffer population declines and become more restricted in their distributions; some will likely be driven to extinction. Fishes requiring cold water (<22°C) are particularly likely to go extinct. In contrast, most alien fishes will thrive, with some species increasing in abundance and range. However, a few alien species will likewise be negatively affected through loss of aquatic habitats during severe droughts and physiologically stressful conditions present in most waterways during summer. Our method has high utility for predicting vulnerability to climate change of diverse fish species. It should be useful for setting conservation priorities in many different regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B Moyle
- Center for Watershed Sciences and Department of Wildlife Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA.
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