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Figueiredo P, Ramião E, Barroso R, Barbosa F. Executive (dys)functions and ODD and CD: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuropsychology 2023; 37:133-156. [PMID: 36442005 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Precursors of antisocial behavior in children may be associated with neuropsychological deficits, namely in executive functions (EF). The main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize evidence of the relation between EF performance and early manifestations of antisocial behavior in children and adolescents. METHOD The procedures of this systematic review and meta-analysis were based on the PRISMA recommendations. The review was based on a systematic search in the EBSCOhost and Pubmed databases. Fifty studies were included in this review, 37 of which contributed with data for meta-analysis. All studies examined the possible relation between the EF measures and behavior problems in childhood and adolescence. Meta-analytical procedures were performed, and the overall effect size was calculated from random-effect models, using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. RESULTS A substantial part of the studies report EF deficits in children and adolescents who present behavior problems, revealing that these deficits are already present in youth, long before being associated with antisocial behavior in adults, especially when in comorbidity with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Specifically, typical controls (TC) performed significantly better than disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) groups on measures of overall EF, g = -.35, 95% CI [-0.48, -0.22], p < .001. Similar results were found for working memory, g = -.26, 95% CI [-0.45, -0.07], p < .001, cognitive inhibition, g = -.30, 95% CI [-0.57, -0.04], p = .03, behavioral inhibition, g = -.45, 95% CI [-0.71, -0.19], p = .001, and cognitive flexibility (tests scores), g = -.31, 95% CI [-0.60, -0.02], p = .04. Comparing DBD + ADHD participants with TC, no significant differences were found, either for overall EF or for each dimension. Finally, DBD participants performed better than DBD + ADHD participants on measures of overall EF, g = .20, 95% CI [0.08, 0.33], p = .002. CONCLUSION These findings are in line with neuropsychological theories arguing that executive dysfunctions may interfere with the children's and/or adolescents' ability to control their own conduct, in order to inhibit inappropriate behaviors in favor of the prosocial ones. This review and meta-analysis also identify the main characteristics and potential limitations of the existing studies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Azeredo A, Figueiredo P, Ramião E, Moreira D, Barroso R, Barbosa F. Reference values regarding measure of Basic Empathy Scale in forensic adolescents. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice 2022. [DOI: 10.1037/pro0000499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Glina F, Carvalho J, Barroso R, Cardoso D. Lay People´s Myths Regarding Pedophilia and Child Sexual Abuse: A Systematic Review. Sex Med Rev 2022; 10:596-619. [PMID: 37051950 DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The term "paedophilia erotica" was first coined in 1886 by the psychiatrist Krafft-Ebing and it was considered a "psycho-sexual perversion." It was at the beginning of the twentieth century that the term "pedophilia" was adopted and it started to appear in medical dictionaries. Sexual abuse is legally defined as the engagement in sexual contact with a person below a specified age or who is incapable of giving consent. Both, pedophilia and child sexual abuse (CSA) are worldwide phenomena requiring deep scientific knowledge in order to improve prevention strategies. Individuals' misconceptions of pedophilia and CSA may legitimize sexual violence, which can influence prevention strategies and policies. OBJECTIVES This review aimed to summarize existing research to help answer the question: "What are laypeople´s myths regarding pedophilia and CSA?" METHODS This systematic review followed the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses to identify as many relevant articles as possible. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and EBSCOhost databases for articles published before January 2022. Sixty-one articles were included in the current review. RESULTS Overall, findings revealed a significant number of myths regarding pedophilia and CSA, organized into the following categories: (i) blame diffusion, (ii) denial of abusiveness, (iii) restrictive stereotypes, (iv) victim age and consequences, (v) social stigma, (vi) punitive attitudes, and (vii) treatment. CONCLUSION Findings suggested that laypeople's perceptions should be taken into account when devising prevention policies. Additionally, perceptions should also be a target of prevention since there is evidence of social stigma and prejudice involving individuals with pedophilia. Such phenomena can contribute to social, emotional, and cognitive problems, among said individuals as well as causing these individuals to exhibit a higher risk for abusive behavior and less help-seeking. Glina F, Barroso R, Cardoso D, et al. Lay People´s Myths Regarding Pedophilia and Child Sexual Abuse: A Systematic Review. Sex Med Rev 2022;XX:XXX-XXX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Glina
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Carvalho
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CPUP: Center for Psychology of Porto University, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Barroso
- Department of Education and Psychology University of Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Daniel Cardoso
- Sociology Department Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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Pechorro P, Abrunhosa Gonçalves R, Barroso R, Quintas J, DeLisi M. Triarchic psychopathic traits versus self-control: Comparing associations with youth antisocial outcomes. Crim Behav Ment Health 2022; 32:267-278. [PMID: 35723026 DOI: 10.1002/cbm.2252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychopathy and low self-control are useful constructs for understanding antisociality/criminality. The triarchic model of psychopathy in particular is a recent and promising conceptualisation, composed of boldness, disinhibition, and meanness - three personality traits that have never been studied in tandem with low self-control. AIMS To test relationships between the triarchic personality traits of boldness, disinhibition and meanness and low self-control with delinquent or antisocial acts. METHODS In a cross-sectional, self-report study a schools' cohort of 14- to 18-year-olds (Mean 15.91 years, SD = 0.99 years) was recruited from regions in South Portugal and Lisbon, representative of the general population of this age in sex distribution and education. After parental consent, teenage volunteers in small groups completed psychopathy and self-control self-rating scales and then a questionnaire about their criminal or delinquent activities, all on one single occasion and in confidence from school staff or parents. Path analysis was used to test relationships. RESULTS 567 young people, 256 (45%) of them girls, completed all ratings, 89% of those invited to do so. Low self-control had the strongest relationship with antisocial/criminal acts, followed by the disinhibition or meanness traits of the triarchic psychopathy construct. The boldness trait of the triarchic psychopathy construct had the weakest relationship. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the most effective targets for intervention to prevent or limit antisocial behaviours by young people are likely to be self-control and disinhibition. Behavioural interventions that improve social skills and verbal problem-solving that encourage listening and waiting in response to environmental stimuli are likely to effect reduction of impulsive and aggressive reactions to others and so reduce conduct problems. Since disinhibition and self-control are such overlapping constructs, improvements in one area will generally facilitate improvements in the other area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Pechorro
- School of Criminology, Faculty of Law, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ricardo Barroso
- University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Jorge Quintas
- School of Criminology, Faculty of Law, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Figueiredo P, Moreira D, Ramião E, Barroso R, Barbosa F. Psychometric properties of the Portuguese teacher-version of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 27:852-869. [PMID: 35164538 DOI: 10.1177/13591045211070168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Callous unemotional (CU) traits refer to specific deficits in affective experience and interpersonal style, characterized by absence of guilt, constrictive display of emotion and failure to show empathy, callous use of others for one's own gain. The Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) was developed to measure CU traits in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to analyze the factorial structure of the Portuguese version of teacher-report ICU for children in school age and examine psychometric properties such as internal consistency and convergent validity in a community sample. Thirty-six teachers provided behavioral ratings of 100 and 78 children of elementary school, 88 boys and 90 girls, aged between 6 and 10 years old. Confirmatory factor analyses provided further support to a 2-factor structure, comprising the following dimensions: callous and uncaring. This study showed that the ICU seems a reliable an accessible tool that can be used in the Portuguese educational context to evaluate CU traits with low time consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Figueiredo
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, 26706University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Moreira
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, 26706University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
- 166419Institute of Psychology and Neuropsychology of Porto - IPNP Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Ramião
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, 26706University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Barroso
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, 26706University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- 388726Department of Education and Psychology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, 26706University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Barroso R, Vieira-Pires A, Antunes A, Fidalgo-Carvalho I. Susceptibility of Pets to SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Lessons from a Seroepidemiologic Survey of Cats and Dogs in Portugal. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020345. [PMID: 35208799 PMCID: PMC8879010 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Betacoronavirus (β-CoV) are positive single-stranded RNA viruses known to infect mammals. In 2019, a novel zoonotic β-CoV emerged, the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2. Although the most frequent SARS-CoV-2 transmission route is within humans, spillover from humans to domestic and wild animals has been reported, including cats (Felis catus), dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), and minks (Neovision vision). In order to understand the potential role of domestic animals in SARS-CoV-2 global transmission, as well their susceptibility to infection, a seroepidemiologic survey of cats and dogs in Portugal was conducted. Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were detected in 15/69 (21.74%) cats and 7/148 (4.73%) dogs. Of the SARS-CoV-2 seropositive animals, 11/22 (50.00%) were possibly infected by human-to-animal transmission, and 5/15 (33.33%) cats were probably infected by cat-to-cat transmission. Moreover, one dog tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Data suggest that cats and dogs are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection in natural conditions. Hence, a one-health approach is crucial in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to understand the risk factors beyond infection in a human–animal environment interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Barroso
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Alexandre Vieira-Pires
- Equigerminal, S.A., Rua Eduardo Correia, n°13 lote 20.12, 3030-507 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.V.-P.); (I.F.-C.)
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB, PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB) and Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra (III UC), Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Agostinho Antunes
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-3401-813
| | - Isabel Fidalgo-Carvalho
- Equigerminal, S.A., Rua Eduardo Correia, n°13 lote 20.12, 3030-507 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.V.-P.); (I.F.-C.)
- CIVG - Vasco da Gama Research Center, Escola Universitária Vasco da Gama (EUVG), Campus Universitário, Av. José R. Sousa Fernandes, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal
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Xavier R, Barroso R, Cardoso J, Cruz C, Pereira A, Saraiva A. Phylogenetic Affinities and Infection Patterns of Goussia Infecting Sardina pilchardus from the NE Atlantic. Acta Parasitol 2021; 66:693-698. [PMID: 33389545 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-020-00319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE European pilchard (Sardina pilchardus) is a highly valued fish in many European countries, particularly in Portugal. Despite current stock declines and the threats coccidia pose to European pilchards (e.g. castration), little is known about coccidian parasites infecting pilchards captured off the Portuguese coast. METHODS In this study, we analyzed the infection patterns, the morphology of oocysts and the phylogenetic relations of coccidian parasites from European pilchard captured in Northern Portugal. RESULTS Only Goussia oocysts were detected in infected tissues and prevalence of infection was 64% (n = 61). Oocysts were detected primarily in the liver with fewer infections in the stomach, intestine and gonads. No differences were found in the prevalence between seasons. Phylogenetic analysis showed these parasites are closely related to Goussia clupearum, placing them within a recently described group of Goussia, the clupearum type. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides more data on Goussia from the clupearum type with phylogenetic analysis indicating that these parasites cluster according to fish host taxonomy, thus suggesting some degree of co-evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Xavier
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Barroso
- Faculty of Sciences, Biology Department, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Cardoso
- Faculty of Sciences, Biology Department, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Cruz
- Faculty of Sciences, Biology Department, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Pereira
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Aurélia Saraiva
- Faculty of Sciences, Biology Department, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal.
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Barroso R, Ramião E, Figueiredo P, Araújo AM. Abusive Sexting in Adolescence: Prevalence and Characteristics of Abusers and Victims. Front Psychol 2021; 12:610474. [PMID: 33716872 PMCID: PMC7943630 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.610474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexting has been defined as sending, receiving, or forwarding sexually explicit messages, images, or photos to others through digital platforms, and can assume more consensual or more abusive and violent forms. This study aims to explore the prevalence of abusive sexting in Portuguese adolescents and the psychological characteristics of sexting abusers in terms of emotional and behavioral problems, potential markers of psychopathy, childhood trauma and maltreatment, and different forms of aggression. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 4,281 participants, aged 12-20 years (2,264 girls and 2,017 boys), of whom 204 (4.8%) engaged in abusive sexting behaviors and 182 (4.3%) self-identified as being a non-consensual sexting victim. Abusive sexting was more common among boys and middle adolescents, and abusive sexting victims were more likely to be children of single-parent families. Engaging in abusive sexting and being a victim of abusive sexting were also related to behavioral and emotional problems, callousness, experiences of neglect and abuse in childhood, and various forms of aggression. Implications for future research and intervention are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Barroso
- Department of Education and Psychology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Ramião
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Figueiredo
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandra M. Araújo
- Department of Psychology and Education, Portucalense University, Porto, Portugal
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Barroso R, Pechorro P, Ramião E, Figueiredo P, Manita C, Gonçalves RA, Nobre P. Are Juveniles Who Have Committed Sexual Offenses the Same Everywhere? Psychometric Properties of the Juvenile Sex Offender Assessment Protocol-II in a Portuguese Youth Sample. Sex Abuse 2020; 32:806-825. [PMID: 31221049 DOI: 10.1177/1079063219858070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, we have witnessed consistent advances in risk assessment procedures, namely the validation of those used with juveniles who have committed sexual offenses. The adaptation of these instruments into other languages requires research examining the conceptual and metric equivalence of the instruments, not just translation equivalence. Informed by data from 141 boys, aged 13 to 18, the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Juvenile Sex Offender Assessment Protocol-II (J-SOAP-II), regarding reliability and construct validation, are presented and discussed. Factor structure, internal consistency, and interrater reliability were examined, and a reliable factorial structure that was consistent with the original validation of the J-SOAP was found. Scales 2 and 3 had good internal consistency, and Scale 1 had acceptable internal consistency. Results regarding concurrent validity revealed mostly statistically significant correlations. The implications of this research for juvenile sex offender risk assessments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Barroso
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- University of Porto, Portugal
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Barroso R, Paiva PC, Ranauro N. Three new species of Aricidea (Acmira) (Annelida: Paraonidae) from the Continental Shelf of Eastern Brazil, Southwestern Atlantic. Zootaxa 2020; 4838:zootaxa.4838.3.6. [PMID: 33056815 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4838.3.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Three new species of the Paraonidae genus Aricidea (Acmira) are described from the Southwestern Atlantic, East Brazilian Continental Shelf (from depths between 11 and 44 m) in the Espírito Santo Basin. The species Aricidea (Acmira) filamentosa sp. nov., Aricidea (Acmira) pearti sp. nov. and Aricidea (Acmira) bbkingi sp. nov. are clearly different from all known species in the genus through its chaetal morphology, number of branchiate chaetigers and shape of antenna. These three species were found in only a few sampling stations, geographically and bathymetrically restricted within a much wider sampled area.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Barroso
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Geremoabo, 147, 40170-290, Salvador, BA, Brazil..
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Figueiredo P, Azeredo A, Barroso R, Barbosa F. Psychometric Properties of Teacher Report of Social-Emotional Assets and Resilience Scale in Preschoolers and Elementary School Children. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-020-09831-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Rocha G, de Lima FF, Machado AP, Guimarães H, Proença E, Carvalho C, Martins LG, Martins T, Freitas A, Dias CP, Silva A, Barroso A, Diogo I, Cassiano G, Ramos H, Abrantes MM, Costa P, Salazar A, Vieira F, Fontes D, Barroso R, Marques T, Santos V, Scortenschi E, Santos C, Vilela F, Quintas C. Small for gestational age very preterm infants present a higher risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2020; 12:419-427. [PMID: 31256077 DOI: 10.3233/npm-180129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies assessed the influence of a low birth weight on bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), but not all could find a significant association. Our aim was to assess the association between low birth weight and BPD in preterm infants, prospectively recruited at 11 level III Portuguese neonatal centers. METHODS Obstetrical and neonatal data on mothers and preterm infants with gestational ages between 24 and 30 weeks, born during 2015 and 2016 after a surveilled pregnancy, were analyzed. Neonates were considered small for gestational age (SGA) when their birthweight was below the 10th centile of Fenton's growth chats and BPD was defined as the dependency for oxygen therapy until 36 weeks of corrected age. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS® statistics 23 and a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Out of 614, a total of 494 preterm infants delivered from 410 women were enrolled in the study; 40 (8.0%) infants with SGA criteria. SGA were more often associated with a single pregnancy, had greater use of antenatal corticosteroids, increased prevalence of gestational hypertensive disorders, C-section, rupture of membranes below 18 hours, rate of intubation in the delivery room, use of surfactant treatment, oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation need, BPD, cystic periventricular leukomalacia, nosocomial sepsis and pneumonia; had lower prevalence of chorioamnionitis, and lower Apgar scores. The multivariate analysis by logistic regression, adjusted for BPD risk factors revealed a significant association between SGA and BPD: OR = 5.2 [CI: 1.46-18.58]; p = 0.01. CONCLUSION The results of this study increase the scientific evidence that SGA is an independent risk factor for BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rocha
- Department of Neonatology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - F Flor de Lima
- Department of Neonatology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Paula Machado
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - H Guimarães
- Department of Neonatology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - E Proença
- Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Carvalho
- Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Porto, Portugal
| | - L G Martins
- Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Porto, Portugal
| | - T Martins
- Hospital Pedro Hispâno, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - A Freitas
- Hospital da Senhora da Oliveira, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - C P Dias
- Hospital da Senhora da Oliveira, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - A Silva
- Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | | | - I Diogo
- Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central, Maternidade Dr Alfredo da Costa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - G Cassiano
- Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central, Maternidade Dr Alfredo da Costa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - H Ramos
- Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central, Maternidade Dr Alfredo da Costa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M M Abrantes
- Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - P Costa
- Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A Salazar
- Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Hospital São Francisco Xavier, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - F Vieira
- Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Hospital São Francisco Xavier, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - D Fontes
- Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Hospital São Francisco Xavier, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Barroso
- Hospital Prof. Dr Fernando Fonseca, Amadora, Portugal
| | - T Marques
- Hospital Prof. Dr Fernando Fonseca, Amadora, Portugal
| | - V Santos
- Centro Hospitalar do Algarve, Hospital de Faro, Faro, Portugal
| | - E Scortenschi
- Centro Hospitalar do Algarve, Hospital de Faro, Faro, Portugal
| | - C Santos
- Centro Hospitalar do Algarve, Hospital de Faro, Faro, Portugal
| | - F Vilela
- Centro Hospitalar do Algarve, Hospital de Faro, Faro, Portugal
| | - C Quintas
- Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Hospital de Vila Nova de Gaia, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
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Xavier R, Cardoso J, Barroso R, Nogueira S, Cruz C, Pereira A, Saraiva A. Effects of Goussia infecting the blue whiting and phylogenetic placement of Goussia infecting marine fish off Northern Portugal. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:2139-2147. [PMID: 32476061 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06727-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Coccidian parasites of fish have received considerably less attention than their terrestrial counterparts, and within piscine hosts, most studies have focused on freshwater fish. The present study aimed to describe oocyst morphology, phylogenetic affinities, and the impacts of coccidian parasites infecting the internal organs of a commercially valuable marine fish, the blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou), captured off the Portuguese coast. As part of the phylogenetic analysis, sequences from coccidians infecting the pout (Trisopterus luscus) and the Atlantic chub mackerel (Scomber colias) were included, and the oocyst morphology of the coccidians infecting the former was also reported. Results showed that the prevalence of coccidiosis in the blue whiting was very high (> 82%), occurring in all analyzed organs, despite being more abundant in the liver. A significant negative correlation was found between the abundance of the parasites in the liver and host condition index (p < 0.05), which indicates a negative effect on the fitness of this host. Phylogenetic analyses of the parasites found in all three species examined identified three different species of Goussia, closely related to Goussia clupearum. Adding to previous research, we propose the existence of a fourth group of Goussia, the clupearum type, able to infect multiple organs and phylogenetic related with G. clupearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Xavier
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.
| | - João Cardoso
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Barroso
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Nogueira
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Cruz
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.,CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Pereira
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Aurélia Saraiva
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal. .,CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal.
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Dias Neto D, Figueiredo S, Biscaia C, Barros MJ, Barroso R, Fernandes F. Routes for Specialization in Psychology throughout Europe. Behav Sci (Basel) 2019; 10:bs10010007. [PMID: 31861599 PMCID: PMC7016684 DOI: 10.3390/bs10010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The specialization of psychology helps to delineate fields in the practice of psychology. When establishing professional qualification criteria, associations seek to promote, in their members, scientific skills and knowledge considered fundamental for the practice of psychology in a given area. The present study reports on a survey of the member associations of the European Federation of Psychologists Associations (EFPA). The survey inquired about: (a) the initial requisites for entering the profession and (b) additional requisites for specialization. Of the 37 associations contacted, 14 replied and we retrieved the information of 12 associations from their official websites. The results indicate that specialization is widespread throughout Europe and is independent of the regulation of the profession. In almost half of the countries considered, the specialization process is completed in universities—it is frequently associated with the postgraduate level of the EuroPsy—and relies on conventional learning methods. The number of existing specialties in psychology is very high, but the traditional areas (clinical and health, education, and social/organizational) are more prevalent. The results are discussed in light of the advantages, but also the challenges posed by the specialization in psychology. A continuous model of the specialization of psychology is proposed with two stages: broad and advanced psychology areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Dias Neto
- APPsyCI—Applied Psychology Research Center Capabilities & Inclusion, ISPA—Instituto Universitário, Lisboa 1100-304, Portugal
- Ordem dos Psicólogos Portugueses, Lisboa 1050-116, Portugal; (S.F.); (C.B.); (M.J.B.); (R.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: (+351)-218-811-700
| | - Sónia Figueiredo
- Ordem dos Psicólogos Portugueses, Lisboa 1050-116, Portugal; (S.F.); (C.B.); (M.J.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Constança Biscaia
- Ordem dos Psicólogos Portugueses, Lisboa 1050-116, Portugal; (S.F.); (C.B.); (M.J.B.); (R.B.)
- LabCom.IFP-Comunicação, Filosofia e Humanidades, Universidade de Évora, Évora 7000, Portugal
| | - Maria João Barros
- Ordem dos Psicólogos Portugueses, Lisboa 1050-116, Portugal; (S.F.); (C.B.); (M.J.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Ricardo Barroso
- Ordem dos Psicólogos Portugueses, Lisboa 1050-116, Portugal; (S.F.); (C.B.); (M.J.B.); (R.B.)
- Department of Education and Psychology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real 5000-801, Portugal
| | - Filipa Fernandes
- Clinical and Health Psychology Department, ISPA—Instituto Universitário, Lisboa 1100-304, Portugal;
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Gatej AR, Lamers A, van Domburgh L, Crone M, Ogden T, Rijo D, Aronen E, Barroso R, Boomsma DI, Vermeiren R. Awareness and perceptions of clinical guidelines for the diagnostics and treatment of severe behavioural problems in children across Europe: A qualitative survey with academic experts. Eur Psychiatry 2019; 57:1-9. [PMID: 30658274 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe behavioural problems (SBPs1) in childhood are highly prevalent, impair functioning, and predict negative outcomes later in life. Over the last decade, clinical practice guidelines for SBPs have been developed across Europe to facilitate the translation of scientific evidence into clinical practice. This study outlines the results of an investigation into academic experts' perspectives on the current prevalence, implementation, and utility of clinical guidelines for SBPs in children aged 6-12 across Europe. METHODS An online semi-structured questionnaire was completed by 28 psychiatry and psychology experts from 23 countries. RESULTS Experts indicated that approximately two thirds of the included European countries use at least an unofficial clinical document such as textbooks, while nearly half possess official guidelines for SBPs. Experts believed that, although useful for practice, guidelines' benefits would be maximised if they included more specific recommendations and were implemented more conscientiously. Similarly, experts suggested that unofficial clinical documents offer a wide range of treatment options to individualise treatment from. However, they stressed the need for more consistent, evidence-based clinical practices, by means of developing national and European clinical guidelines for SBPs. CONCLUSIONS This study offers a preliminary insight into the current successes and challenges perceived by experts around Europe associated with guidelines and documents for SBPs, acting as a stepping stone for future systematic, in-depth investigations of guidelines. Additionally, it establishes experts' consensus for the need to develop official guidelines better tailored to clinical practice, creating a momentum for a transition towards European clinical guidelines for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Raluca Gatej
- Curium-LUMC, Academic Centre of Child and Youth Psychiatry, Endegeesterstraatweg 27, 2342 AK Oegstgeest, the Netherlands.
| | - Audri Lamers
- Curium-LUMC, Academic Centre of Child and Youth Psychiatry, Endegeesterstraatweg 27, 2342 AK Oegstgeest, the Netherlands; De Opvoedpoli, Child and Youth Psychiatry, Rode Kruisstraat 32, 1025 KN, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lieke van Domburgh
- VU University Medical Centre, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Intermetzo/Pluryn, Research and Development Department, PO Box 53, 6500 AB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Matty Crone
- Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Hippocratespad 21, 2333 ZD, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Terje Ogden
- University of Oslo, Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development, PO Box 7053 Majorstuen, 0306, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Rijo
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences - CINEICC, Rua do Colégio Novo, 3000-115, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eeva Aronen
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Children' Hospital, Child Psychiatry, Lastenlinnantie 2, 00250, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ricardo Barroso
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Department of Education and Psychology, Pólo I - ECHS 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- VU University of Amsterdam, Department of Biological Psychology, Van der Boechorststraat 1, room 2B-29, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Vermeiren
- Curium-LUMC, Academic Centre of Child and Youth Psychiatry, Endegeesterstraatweg 27, 2342 AK Oegstgeest, the Netherlands; Lucertis - de Jutters, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Parnassia Group, the Netherlands
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Barroso R, Carbajal H, Ortiz H, Malaniuk M, Quenol H, Murgo M, Coria C, Videla R, Prieto S, Manzano H, Quini C, Aruani C. Vinos de Altura del Noroeste Argentino – Características físico- químicas y Sensoriales. BIO Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20191501002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Se evaluaron 168 vinos experimentales, variedades Malbec, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, y Tannat, de las cosechas 2014, 2015, y 2016, correspondientes a 24 viñedos de altura de las provincias de Salta y Jujuy, ubicados a altitudes desde 1575 hasta 2756 m.s.n.m. Los vinos fueron supeditados a análisis físico-químicos y sensoriales. Los datos físico químicos fueron analizados a través de ANOVA y Regresión Lineal Simple. Las similitudes y diferencias estadísticas de los datos sensoriales fueron evaluados mediante análisis de varianza (ANOVA), comparación múltiple de medias a través del test de Fisher (LSD), y análisis de componentes principales (PCA). Cada viñedo contó con un sensor de temperatura a través de los cuales se recopilaron datos a lo largo de todo el ciclo de la vid (años 2013 a 2015). Las temperaturas se utilizaron para la determinación de índices bioclimáticos de Winkler, Huglin e Índice de Noches Frescas. Los resultados indicarían una marcada influencia de las temperaturas y altitud en las variables del vino, principalmente las relacionadas al color y demás características sensoriales (P < 0.001,0.01 y 0.05), mostrando diferencias significativas entre los vinos de una misma variedad, provenientes de viñedos ubicados en distintas zonas vitícolas de características topográficas y de altitud diferentes.
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Pechorro P, Jesus S, Kahn R, Gonçalves R, Barroso R. A Versão Breve da Escala de Empatia Básica numa Amostra Escolar de Jovens Portugueses: Validade, Fiabilidade e Invariância. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.21865/ridep49.4.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Cunha M, Correa F, Cadete A, Oliveira A, Figueiredo H, Valerio P, Barroso R, Carreiro H. [Predictive value of cerebellar growth and general movements assessments for neurodevelopment of very preterm infants at 18-24 months' corrected age]. Rev Neurol 2017; 64:63-69. [PMID: 28074999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fidgety movements assessments is very sensitive predicting long-term outcome or cerebral palsy of preterm, disrupted cerebellar growth has been reported in these patients. AIM To compare the predictive value of cerebellar ultrasound growth and fidgety movements assessments, for neurodevelopment outcome of very preterm at 18-24 month's corrected age (CA). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Prospective study of 88 infants cohort (<= 32 weeks' gestation), transverse cerebellar diameter was obtained by ultrasound via mastoid fontanel, in a weekly basis, until 40 weeks CA. Fidgety movements were assessed at 3 months CA. Neurodevelopment outcome at 18-24 month's CA was evaluated in 68 using Schedule of Growing Skills II Scale (SGS-II) and Amiel-Tison Neurologic Assessment (ATNA). RESULTS At term age, cerebellar growth was under 3rd percentile in 11 (10.3%). Fidgety movements were normal in 42 (61.8%) and abnormal or absent in 7 (10.3%). At 18-24 months CA, 54 (79.4%) were normal by the SGS-II and in 6 (8.8%) ATNA classified as cerebral palsy. Cerebellar diameter under 3rd percentile at term was associated with abnormal motor outcome and normal fidgety movements correlated with normal neurodevelopment. CONCLUSION Ultrasound cerebellar measurements and functional examinations (fidgety movements) have important complementary roles in predicting neurodevelopment of very preterm.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cunha
- Hospital Fernando da Fonseca, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - F Correa
- Hospital Fernando da Fonseca, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A Cadete
- Hospital Fernando da Fonseca, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A Oliveira
- Hospital Fernando da Fonseca, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - P Valerio
- Hospital Fernando da Fonseca, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Barroso
- Hospital Fernando da Fonseca, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - H Carreiro
- Hospital Fernando da Fonseca, Lisboa, Portugal
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Rijo D, Brazão N, Barroso R, da Silva DR, Vagos P, Vieira A, Lavado A, Macedo AM. Mental health problems in male young offenders in custodial versus community based-programs: implications for juvenile justice interventions. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2016; 10:40. [PMID: 27822300 PMCID: PMC5088680 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-016-0131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young offenders are known to be a population with high prevalence of mental health disorders. In most cases, these disorders are neither identified nor treated properly, with the majority of them being chronic and difficult to treat. In many countries, the prevalence rates of psychopathology in male young offenders are still unknown and no psychotherapeutic interventions are delivered. Therefore, the main goal of the present study was to assess mental health problems in Portuguese male young offenders placed in either custodial or community-based programs and discuss treatment implications within the juvenile justice interventions. METHODS Participants in this study included 217 male young offenders aged between 14 and 20 years old that were randomly selected using a random number table. From the total sample, 122 (56.3 %) participants were placed in juvenile detention facilities, and 95 (43.7 %) were receiving community-based programs. Participants were interviewed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents, a structured interview that assesses DSM-IV Axis I Mental Disorders. Participants aged 18 years or older were also assessed with the antisocial personality disorder section from the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders. RESULTS Results showed a high prevalence of mental health disorders, with a global prevalence of 91.2 % in the total sample. In both groups, global prevalence rates were equally high (93.4 % in youth in custodial versus 88.4 % in youth in community-based programs). Substance-related disorders were more prevalent in youth placed in juvenile facilities, whereas anxiety and mood disorders were more often found in the community-based group. Moreover, oppositional defiant disorder was more prevalent in youth from the community, whereas antisocial personality disorder and conduct disorder were less prevalent than expected in this same group. A high comorbidity rate was also found, with the majority of participants from both groups' fulfilling criteria for two or more disorders. Additionally, participants with conduct disorder were over four times more likely to fulfill criteria for substance abuse. CONCLUSIONS Our findings inform about specific needs concerning mental health intervention that should be taken into account when deciding and planning rehabilitation programs for male young offenders, either from custodial or community-based programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rijo
- Research Unit of the Cognitive-Behavioral Research and Intervention Center, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo, 3001-802 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nélio Brazão
- Research Unit of the Cognitive-Behavioral Research and Intervention Center, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo, 3001-802 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Barroso
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Ribeiro da Silva
- Research Unit of the Cognitive-Behavioral Research and Intervention Center, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo, 3001-802 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Vagos
- Research Unit of the Cognitive-Behavioral Research and Intervention Center, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo, 3001-802 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Vieira
- General Directorship of Social Reinsertion and Prison Services of the Portuguese Ministry of Justice, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Lavado
- General Directorship of Social Reinsertion and Prison Services of the Portuguese Ministry of Justice, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Macedo
- General Directorship of Social Reinsertion and Prison Services of the Portuguese Ministry of Justice, Lisbon, Portugal
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Pechorro P, Ray JV, Barroso R, Maroco J, Abrunhosa Gonçalves R. Validation of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits Among a Portuguese Sample of Detained Juvenile Offenders. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol 2016; 60:349-365. [PMID: 25274746 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x14551256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) among a sample of incarcerated male Portuguese juvenile offenders (N = 221). Based on this sample, the Portuguese version of the ICU demonstrated promising psychometric properties, namely, in terms of factor structure, internal consistency, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and concurrent validity that generally justifies its use among this population. Statistically significant associations were found with conduct disorder, age of criminal onset, crime seriousness, physical violence use in committing crimes, alcohol use, cannabis use, and cocaine/heroin use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James V Ray
- University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, USA
| | - Ricardo Barroso
- University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - João Maroco
- ISPA - Instituto Universitário (ISPA-IU), Lisboa, Portugal
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Pechorro P, Barroso R, Poiares C, Oliveira JP, Torrealday O. Validation of the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire-Short Form among Portuguese juvenile delinquents. Int J Law Psychiatry 2016; 44:75-80. [PMID: 26303901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2015.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to validate the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire-Short Form (BPAQ-SF) among Portuguese juvenile delinquents. With a total sample of 237 male participants, subdivided into an incarcerated forensic sample (n=192) and a community sample (n=45), the Portuguese version of the BPAQ-SF demonstrated good psychometric properties in terms of factor structure, internal consistency, convergent validity, discriminant validity, predictive validity and known-groups validity that generally justify its use among Portuguese youth. Statistically significant associations were found with drug use and alcohol abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlos Poiares
- Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, Portugal
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Abstract
We investigated whether a conditioning activity (8×12.5 m with 2.5 min-interval using both hand paddles and parachute) induced post-activation potentiation in swimming propulsive force and whether a swimmer's force level affected a post-activation potentiation response. 8 competitive swimmers (5 males and 3 females, age: 18.4±1.3 years; IPS=796±56) performed a 10 s maximum tethered swimming test 8 and 4 min before (the highest value was considered as PRE), and 2.5 and 6.5 min after (POST1 and POST2, respectively) the conditioning activity. Rate of force development was not affected, but peak force in POST1 (p=0.02) and impulse in both POST1 (p=0.007) and POST2 (p=0.004) were reduced. Possibly the conditioning activity induced greater fatigue than post-activation potentiation benefits. For instance, the number of repetitions might have been excessive, and rest intervals between the conditioning activity and POST1 and POST2 were possibly too short. There were positive correlations between PRE peak force and changes in peak force and rate of force development. Although conditioning activity was detrimental, positive correlations suggest that weaker swimmers experience a deterioration of performance more than the stronger ones. This conditioning activity is not recommended for swimmers with the current competitive level before a competitive event.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Barbosa
- Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education - State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - R Barroso
- Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education - State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - O Andries
- Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education - State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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Pechorro P, Barroso R, Maroco J, Vieira RX, Gonçalves RA. Psychometric Properties of the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version Among Portuguese Juvenile Delinquents. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol 2015; 59:1322-1337. [PMID: 24876633 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x14535558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of the present study was to examine some psychometric properties of the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV) among Portuguese juvenile delinquents. With forensic sample of 192 incarcerated male participants, the Portuguese version of the PCL:YV demonstrated promising psychometric properties of the three-factor model of youth psychopathy, internal consistency, convergent validity, concurrent validity, and retrospective validity that generally justify its use among Portuguese youths. Statistically significant associations were found with age of criminal onset, frequency of crimes, number of victims, and use of physical violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Pechorro
- School of Psychology,University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Barroso
- University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - João Maroco
- Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada-Instituto Universitário, Lisboa, Portugal
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Pechorro P, Poiares C, Barroso R, Nunes C, Jesus SN. Examining ethnic differences in self-reported psychopathic traits among Portuguese male juvenile offenders. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol 2015; 59:68-84. [PMID: 24052597 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x13502942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze differences regarding psychopathic traits and related constructs in male youths of diverse ethnic backgrounds. The participants were 216 male youths from the Juvenile Detention Centers of the Portuguese Ministry of Justice (White Europeans group: n = 108; ethnic minorities group: n = 108). Psychopathy was measured by the Antisocial Process Screening Device and the Child and Adolescent Taxon Scale. The results showed that no differences were found between ethnic groups regarding psychopathic traits and psychopathy taxon. Independent of ethnic group membership, psychopathic trait scores were significantly associated with behavioral problems, conduct disorder, self-reported delinquency, seriousness of criminal activity, age of criminal activity onset, and age at first trouble with the law. The present study adds support to the literature regarding youth psychopathic traits and supports the psychopathy construct as universally and interculturally consistent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Poiares
- Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Escola de Psicologia e Ciências da Vida, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Barroso
- University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Cristina Nunes
- Research Centre for Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Saul Neves Jesus
- Research Centre for Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
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Mascarenhas MI, Ferreira M, Miguens J, Barroso R. A newborn internal and external malformations. Case Reports 2013; 2013:bcr-2013-009566. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2013-009566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Roschel H, Barroso R, Batista M, Ugrinowitsch C, Tricoli V, Arsati F, Lima-Arsati YB, Araújo VC, Moreira A. Do whole-body vibration exercise and resistance exercise modify concentrations of salivary cortisol and immunoglobulin A? Braz J Med Biol Res 2011; 44:592-7. [PMID: 21584438 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2011007500059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A single bout of resistance exercise (RE) induces hormonal and immune responses, playing an important role in a long-term adaptive process. Whole-body vibration (WBV) has also been shown to affect hormonal responses. Evidence suggests that combining WBV with RE may amplify hormonal and immune responses due to the increased neuromuscular load. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate salivary cortisol (Scortisol) and salivary IgA (SIgA) concentrations following a RE session combined or not with WBV. Nine university students (22.9 ± 5.1 years, 175.8 ± 5.2 cm, and 69.2 ± 7.3 kg) performed five sets of squat exercise (70% one-repetition-maximum) combined (R+V30) or not (R) with WBV at 30 Hz. Saliva samples were obtained before and after exercise. Subjects also rated their effort according to the Borg CR-10 scale (RPE). Data were analyzed by a mixed model. RPE was higher after R+V30 (8.3 ± 0.7) compared to R (6.2 ± 0.7). However, Scortisol (pre: 10.6 ± 7.6 and 11.7 ± 7.6, post: 8.3 ± 6.3 and 10.2 ± 7.2 ng/mL for R and R+V30, respectively) and SIgA concentrations (pre: 98.3 ± 22.6 and 116.1 ± 51.2, post: 116.6 ± 64.7 and 143.6 ± 80.5 µg/mL for R and R+V30, respectively) were unaffected. No significant correlations were observed between Scortisol and RPE (r = 0.45, P = 0.22; r = 0.30, P = 0.42, for R and R+V30, respectively). On the basis of these data, neither protocol modified salivary cortisol or IgA, although RPE was higher after R+V30 than R.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Roschel
- Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes 65, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Benarroch L, Barroso R. Primary immunodeficiency, case report, KF15 years' survival: Is it evolution or maturity? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0091-6749(03)80817-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- S Geber
- ORIGEN, Centro de Medicina Reprodutiva, Minas Gerais, CEP, Brazil.
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Perdomo-Ponce D, Benarroch L, González-Cerrutti R, Barroso R, Carneiro F, Meijomil P. [Family education, a model for allergy prevention]. Invest Clin 1996; 37:221-45. [PMID: 9004851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
It is frequent the lack of family adherence toward the therapeutic measures of the allergic diseases. The incidence in the therapeutic non compliance of the asthmatic patients vary from 20 to 80%. In the last decades, the symptomatic expression of the atopic diseases (AD) in the infancy, and in the adolescence of Venezuelans has been transformed into a health care problem, with an inaccessible therapeutic cost for the state and the family. The setup of the first allergic prevention program improved attitudes and perceptions toward bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis, by the education of the risk family group, based on the results from previous investigations and adapted to the procedures and customs that govern our current society. A research project, through a multi-disciplinary group included an educational program model for the prevention of allergic diseases in a population from Caracas, Venezuelan allergic pregnant mothers, and their respective couples of a high and middle socioeconomic levels with no helminthic infections (n = 482), group A. Two subgroups were randomly selected for prospective evaluation: A1 (n = 20) without participation in the preventive program or control group, and A2 (n = 15) with participation in the program or intervened group, including strategies to be applied by the family, application of measures and reached goals; immunologic, pediatric, and nutritional sequential control; group B (n = 66), to validate the laboratory tests, and group C (n = 364) to validate immunoclinical diagnoses, in vivo immunodiagnostic tests to the parents and children (clinical history, skin prick tests for cow's milk, egg white, wheat, soybean, cladosporium and Dermatophagoides pteronnysinus), and in vitro tests (total serum IgE, Phadiatop, and Rast to the allergens previously selected). In conclusion, the program permits the identification of atopic risk children, sponsors the systematical application of intervention measures, economic, viable and projected toward the family affected, indicating a positive change through a self-family-management training and new conduct plans, facilitating the participation among the family, the community and the health team, that certifies, an optimistic therapy in the reduction of the clinical manifestations of the atopic diseases in young infants from this tropical population studied.
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Escobedo F, Escobar A, Chávez Rivera I, Rubio Donnadieu F, Velasco Suárez M, Barroso R. [Non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage]. GAC MED MEX 1982; 118:121-40. [PMID: 7117728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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