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Eitan C, Siany A, Barkan E, Olender T, van Eijk KR, Moisse M, Farhan SMK, Danino YM, Yanowski E, Marmor-Kollet H, Rivkin N, Yacovzada NS, Hung ST, Cooper-Knock J, Yu CH, Louis C, Masters SL, Kenna KP, van der Spek RAA, Sproviero W, Al Khleifat A, Iacoangeli A, Shatunov A, Jones AR, Elbaz-Alon Y, Cohen Y, Chapnik E, Rothschild D, Weissbrod O, Beck G, Ainbinder E, Ben-Dor S, Werneburg S, Schafer DP, Brown RH, Shaw PJ, Van Damme P, van den Berg LH, Phatnani H, Segal E, Ichida JK, Al-Chalabi A, Veldink JH, Hornstein E. Whole-genome sequencing reveals that variants in the Interleukin 18 Receptor Accessory Protein 3'UTR protect against ALS. Nat Neurosci 2022; 25:433-445. [PMID: 35361972 PMCID: PMC7614916 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01040-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The noncoding genome is substantially larger than the protein-coding genome but has been largely unexplored by genetic association studies. Here, we performed region-based rare variant association analysis of >25,000 variants in untranslated regions of 6,139 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) whole genomes and the whole genomes of 70,403 non-ALS controls. We identified interleukin-18 receptor accessory protein (IL18RAP) 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) variants as significantly enriched in non-ALS genomes and associated with a fivefold reduced risk of developing ALS, and this was replicated in an independent cohort. These variants in the IL18RAP 3'UTR reduce mRNA stability and the binding of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-binding proteins. Finally, the variants of the IL18RAP 3'UTR confer a survival advantage for motor neurons because they dampen neurotoxicity of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived microglia bearing an ALS-associated expansion in C9orf72, and this depends on NF-κB signaling. This study reveals genetic variants that protect against ALS by reducing neuroinflammation and emphasizes the importance of noncoding genetic association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Eitan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aviad Siany
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Elad Barkan
- Department of Computer Science And Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tsviya Olender
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Kristel R van Eijk
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yehuda M Danino
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eran Yanowski
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hagai Marmor-Kollet
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Natalia Rivkin
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nancy Sarah Yacovzada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Computer Science And Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shu-Ting Hung
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Chien-Hsiung Yu
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Cynthia Louis
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Seth L Masters
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Kevin P Kenna
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rick A A van der Spek
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - William Sproviero
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmad Al Khleifat
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alfredo Iacoangeli
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksey Shatunov
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley R Jones
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yael Elbaz-Alon
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yahel Cohen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Elik Chapnik
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daphna Rothschild
- Department of Computer Science And Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Omer Weissbrod
- Department of Computer Science And Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gilad Beck
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Elena Ainbinder
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shifra Ben-Dor
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sebastian Werneburg
- Department of Neurobiology, Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Dorothy P Schafer
- Department of Neurobiology, Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Robert H Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Philip Van Damme
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hemali Phatnani
- Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease, New York Genome Center, New York, USA
| | - Eran Segal
- Department of Computer Science And Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Justin K Ichida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
- King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eran Hornstein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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Al Khleifat A, Iacoangeli A, van Vugt JJFA, Bowles H, Moisse M, Zwamborn RAJ, van der Spek RAA, Shatunov A, Cooper-Knock J, Topp S, Byrne R, Gellera C, López V, Jones AR, Opie-Martin S, Vural A, Campos Y, van Rheenen W, Kenna B, Van Eijk KR, Kenna K, Weber M, Smith B, Fogh I, Silani V, Morrison KE, Dobson R, van Es MA, McLaughlin RL, Vourc'h P, Chio A, Corcia P, de Carvalho M, Gotkine M, Panades MP, Mora JS, Shaw PJ, Landers JE, Glass JD, Shaw CE, Basak N, Hardiman O, Robberecht W, Van Damme P, van den Berg LH, Veldink JH, Al-Chalabi A. Structural variation analysis of 6,500 whole genome sequences in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. NPJ Genom Med 2022; 7:8. [PMID: 35091648 PMCID: PMC8799638 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-021-00267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a strong genetic contribution to Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) risk, with heritability estimates of up to 60%. Both Mendelian and small effect variants have been identified, but in common with other conditions, such variants only explain a little of the heritability. Genomic structural variation might account for some of this otherwise unexplained heritability. We therefore investigated association between structural variation in a set of 25 ALS genes, and ALS risk and phenotype. As expected, the repeat expansion in the C9orf72 gene was identified as associated with ALS. Two other ALS-associated structural variants were identified: inversion in the VCP gene and insertion in the ERBB4 gene. All three variants were associated both with increased risk of ALS and specific phenotypic patterns of disease expression. More than 70% of people with respiratory onset ALS harboured ERBB4 insertion compared with 25% of the general population, suggesting respiratory onset ALS may be a distinct genetic subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Al Khleifat
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Alfredo Iacoangeli
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joke J F A van Vugt
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Bowles
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ramona A J Zwamborn
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rick A A van der Spek
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aleksey Shatunov
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Simon Topp
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Ross Byrne
- Complex Trait Genomics Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cinzia Gellera
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Victoria López
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Ashley R Jones
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Sarah Opie-Martin
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Atay Vural
- Koc University, School of Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center- NDAL, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yolanda Campos
- Mitochondrial pathology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Brendan Kenna
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kristel R Van Eijk
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin Kenna
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Weber
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit/ALS Clinic, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bradley Smith
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Isabella Fogh
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Karen E Morrison
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Richard Dobson
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Michael A van Es
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Russell L McLaughlin
- Complex Trait Genomics Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Adriano Chio
- Rita Levi Montalcini, Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Philippe Corcia
- Centre SLA, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
- Federation des Centres SLA Tours and Limoges, LITORALS, Tours, France
| | - Mamede de Carvalho
- Physiology Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Monica P Panades
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - John E Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan D Glass
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christopher E Shaw
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
- King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK
| | - Nazli Basak
- Koc University, School of Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center- NDAL, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orla Hardiman
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
- Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Wim Robberecht
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
- Neurology Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philip Van Damme
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
- Neurology Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK.
- King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK.
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Al Khleifat A, Iacoangeli A, Jones AR, van Vugt JJFA, Moisse M, Shatunov A, Zwamborn RAJ, van der Spek RAA, Cooper-Knock J, Topp S, van Rheenen W, Kenna B, Van Eijk KR, Kenna K, Byrne R, López V, Opie-Martin S, Vural A, Campos Y, Weber M, Smith B, Fogh I, Silani V, Morrison KE, Dobson R, van Es MA, McLaughlin RL, Vourc’h P, Chio A, Corcia P, de Carvalho M, Gotkine M, Panades MP, Mora JS, Shaw PJ, Landers JE, Glass JD, Shaw CE, Basak N, Hardiman O, Robberecht W, Van Damme P, van den Berg LH, Veldink JH, Al-Chalabi A. Telomere length analysis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using large-scale whole genome sequence data. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1050596. [PMID: 36589292 PMCID: PMC9799999 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1050596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons, leading to progressive weakness of voluntary muscles, with death following from neuromuscular respiratory failure, typically within 3 to 5 years. There is a strong genetic contribution to ALS risk. In 10% or more, a family history of ALS or frontotemporal dementia is obtained, and the Mendelian genes responsible for ALS in such families have now been identified in about 50% of cases. Only about 14% of apparently sporadic ALS is explained by known genetic variation, suggesting that other forms of genetic variation are important. Telomeres maintain DNA integrity during cellular replication, differ between sexes, and shorten naturally with age. Sex and age are risk factors for ALS and we therefore investigated telomere length in ALS. Methods Samples were from Project MinE, an international ALS whole genome sequencing consortium that includes phenotype data. For validation we used donated brain samples from motor cortex from people with ALS and controls. Ancestry and relatedness were evaluated by principal components analysis and relationship matrices of DNA microarray data. Whole genome sequence data were from Illumina HiSeq platforms and aligned using the Isaac pipeline. TelSeq was used to quantify telomere length using whole genome sequence data. We tested the association of telomere length with ALS and ALS survival using Cox regression. Results There were 6,580 whole genome sequences, reducing to 6,195 samples (4,315 from people with ALS and 1,880 controls) after quality control, and 159 brain samples (106 ALS, 53 controls). Accounting for age and sex, there was a 20% (95% CI 14%, 25%) increase of telomere length in people with ALS compared to controls (p = 1.1 × 10-12), validated in the brain samples (p = 0.03). Those with shorter telomeres had a 10% increase in median survival (p = 5.0×10-7). Although there was no difference in telomere length between sporadic ALS and familial ALS (p=0.64), telomere length in 334 people with ALS due to expanded C9orf72 repeats was shorter than in those without expanded C9orf72 repeats (p = 5.0×10-4). Discussion Although telomeres shorten with age, longer telomeres are a risk factor for ALS and worsen prognosis. Longer telomeres are associated with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Al Khleifat
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Ahmad Al Khleifat,
| | - Alfredo Iacoangeli
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley R. Jones
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joke J. F. A. van Vugt
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aleksey Shatunov
- Institute of Medicine, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ramona A. J. Zwamborn
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rick A. A. van der Spek
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Topp
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Brendan Kenna
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Kristel R. Van Eijk
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Kevin Kenna
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ross Byrne
- Complex Trait Genomics Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Victoria López
- Computational Biology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sarah Opie-Martin
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Atay Vural
- School of Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center-NDAL, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yolanda Campos
- Computational Biology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Markus Weber
- School of Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center-NDAL, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit/ALS Clinic, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bradley Smith
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isabella Fogh
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, “Dino Ferrari” Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Karen E. Morrison
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Dobson
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael A. van Es
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Russell L. McLaughlin
- Complex Trait Genomics Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Adriano Chio
- Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Philippe Corcia
- Centre SLA, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
- Federation des Centres SLA Tours and Limoges, LITORALS, Tours, France
| | - Mamede de Carvalho
- Physiology Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marc Gotkine
- Department of Neurology, Hadassah Medical Organization and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | - Pamela J. Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - John E. Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Jonathan D. Glass
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Christopher E. Shaw
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nazli Basak
- School of Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center-NDAL, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orla Hardiman
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Wim Robberecht
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philip Van Damme
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leonard H. van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jan H. Veldink
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Ammar Al-Chalabi,
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van Rheenen W, van der Spek RAA, Bakker MK, van Vugt JJFA, Hop PJ, Zwamborn RAJ, de Klein N, Westra HJ, Bakker OB, Deelen P, Shireby G, Hannon E, Moisse M, Baird D, Restuadi R, Dolzhenko E, Dekker AM, Gawor K, Westeneng HJ, Tazelaar GHP, van Eijk KR, Kooyman M, Byrne RP, Doherty M, Heverin M, Al Khleifat A, Iacoangeli A, Shatunov A, Ticozzi N, Cooper-Knock J, Smith BN, Gromicho M, Chandran S, Pal S, Morrison KE, Shaw PJ, Hardy J, Orrell RW, Sendtner M, Meyer T, Başak N, van der Kooi AJ, Ratti A, Fogh I, Gellera C, Lauria G, Corti S, Cereda C, Sproviero D, D'Alfonso S, Sorarù G, Siciliano G, Filosto M, Padovani A, Chiò A, Calvo A, Moglia C, Brunetti M, Canosa A, Grassano M, Beghi E, Pupillo E, Logroscino G, Nefussy B, Osmanovic A, Nordin A, Lerner Y, Zabari M, Gotkine M, Baloh RH, Bell S, Vourc'h P, Corcia P, Couratier P, Millecamps S, Meininger V, Salachas F, Mora Pardina JS, Assialioui A, Rojas-García R, Dion PA, Ross JP, Ludolph AC, Weishaupt JH, Brenner D, Freischmidt A, Bensimon G, Brice A, Durr A, Payan CAM, Saker-Delye S, Wood NW, Topp S, Rademakers R, Tittmann L, Lieb W, Franke A, Ripke S, Braun A, Kraft J, Whiteman DC, Olsen CM, Uitterlinden AG, Hofman A, Rietschel M, Cichon S, Nöthen MM, Amouyel P, Traynor BJ, Singleton AB, Mitne Neto M, Cauchi RJ, Ophoff RA, Wiedau-Pazos M, Lomen-Hoerth C, van Deerlin VM, Grosskreutz J, Roediger A, Gaur N, Jörk A, Barthel T, Theele E, Ilse B, Stubendorff B, Witte OW, Steinbach R, Hübner CA, Graff C, Brylev L, Fominykh V, Demeshonok V, Ataulina A, Rogelj B, Koritnik B, Zidar J, Ravnik-Glavač M, Glavač D, Stević Z, Drory V, Povedano M, Blair IP, Kiernan MC, Benyamin B, Henderson RD, Furlong S, Mathers S, McCombe PA, Needham M, Ngo ST, Nicholson GA, Pamphlett R, Rowe DB, Steyn FJ, Williams KL, Mather KA, Sachdev PS, Henders AK, Wallace L, de Carvalho M, Pinto S, Petri S, Weber M, Rouleau GA, Silani V, Curtis CJ, Breen G, Glass JD, Brown RH, Landers JE, Shaw CE, Andersen PM, Groen EJN, van Es MA, Pasterkamp RJ, Fan D, Garton FC, McRae AF, Davey Smith G, Gaunt TR, Eberle MA, Mill J, McLaughlin RL, Hardiman O, Kenna KP, Wray NR, Tsai E, Runz H, Franke L, Al-Chalabi A, Van Damme P, van den Berg LH, Veldink JH. Common and rare variant association analyses in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis identify 15 risk loci with distinct genetic architectures and neuron-specific biology. Nat Genet 2021; 53:1636-1648. [PMID: 34873335 PMCID: PMC8648564 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00973-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease with a lifetime risk of one in 350 people and an unmet need for disease-modifying therapies. We conducted a cross-ancestry genome-wide association study (GWAS) including 29,612 patients with ALS and 122,656 controls, which identified 15 risk loci. When combined with 8,953 individuals with whole-genome sequencing (6,538 patients, 2,415 controls) and a large cortex-derived expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) dataset (MetaBrain), analyses revealed locus-specific genetic architectures in which we prioritized genes either through rare variants, short tandem repeats or regulatory effects. ALS-associated risk loci were shared with multiple traits within the neurodegenerative spectrum but with distinct enrichment patterns across brain regions and cell types. Of the environmental and lifestyle risk factors obtained from the literature, Mendelian randomization analyses indicated a causal role for high cholesterol levels. The combination of all ALS-associated signals reveals a role for perturbations in vesicle-mediated transport and autophagy and provides evidence for cell-autonomous disease initiation in glutamatergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Rick A A van der Spek
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mark K Bakker
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joke J F A van Vugt
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul J Hop
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ramona A J Zwamborn
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Niek de Klein
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Harm-Jan Westra
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Olivier B Bakker
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick Deelen
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gemma Shireby
- University of Exeter Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Eilis Hannon
- University of Exeter Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Denis Baird
- Translational Biology, Biogen, Boston, MA, USA
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Restuadi Restuadi
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Annelot M Dekker
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Klara Gawor
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Henk-Jan Westeneng
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gijs H P Tazelaar
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kristel R van Eijk
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Kooyman
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ross P Byrne
- Complex Trait Genomics Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark Doherty
- Complex Trait Genomics Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark Heverin
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ahmad Al Khleifat
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alfredo Iacoangeli
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre and Dementia Unit, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Aleksey Shatunov
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Unit and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, 'Dino Ferrari' Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Bradley N Smith
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Marta Gromicho
- Instituto de Fisiologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Siddharthan Chandran
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Suvankar Pal
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Karen E Morrison
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Richard W Orrell
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Sendtner
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meyer
- Charité University Hospital, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nazli Başak
- Koç University, School of Medicine, KUTTAM-NDAL, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Antonia Ratti
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Unit and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Fogh
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Cinzia Gellera
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- 3rd Neurology Unit, Motor Neuron Diseases Center, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', MIlan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, 'Dino Ferrari' Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Cereda
- Genomic and Post-Genomic Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daisy Sproviero
- Genomic and Post-Genomic Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sandra D'Alfonso
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Gianni Sorarù
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Filosto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Neurologia 1, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Calvo
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Neurologia 1, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Moglia
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Neurologia 1, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Maura Brunetti
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Canosa
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Neurologia 1, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Grassano
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Ettore Beghi
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Pupillo
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari at 'Pia Fondazione Card G. Panico' Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Beatrice Nefussy
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alma Osmanovic
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Essener Zentrum für Seltene Erkrankungen (EZSE), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Angelica Nordin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Yossef Lerner
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Neurology, the Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michal Zabari
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Neurology, the Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Marc Gotkine
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Neurology, the Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Robert H Baloh
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shaughn Bell
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Patrick Vourc'h
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU de Tours, Tours, France
- UMR 1253, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Corcia
- UMR 1253, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
- Centre de référence sur la SLA, CHU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Couratier
- Centre de référence sur la SLA, CHRU de Limoges, Limoges, France
- UMR 1094, Université de Limoges, Inserm, Limoges, France
| | - Stéphanie Millecamps
- ICM, Institut du Cerveau, Inserm, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | - François Salachas
- ICM, Institut du Cerveau, Inserm, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Département de Neurologie, Centre de référence SLA Ile de France, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Abdelilah Assialioui
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Rojas-García
- MND Clinic, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau de Barcelona, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrick A Dion
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jay P Ross
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Jochen H Weishaupt
- Division of Neurodegeneration, Department of Neurology, University Medicine Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - David Brenner
- Division of Neurodegeneration, Department of Neurology, University Medicine Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Axel Freischmidt
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gilbert Bensimon
- Département de Pharmacologie Clinique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, UPMC Pharmacologie, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Pharmacologie Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute ICM, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Biostatistique, Epidémiologie Clinique, Santé Publique Innovation et Méthodologie (BESPIM), CHU-Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute, APHP, INSERM, CNRS, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Durr
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute, APHP, INSERM, CNRS, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Christine A M Payan
- Département de Pharmacologie Clinique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, UPMC Pharmacologie, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Nicholas W Wood
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Simon Topp
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Lukas Tittmann
- Popgen Biobank and Institute of Epidemiology, Christian Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Popgen Biobank and Institute of Epidemiology, Christian Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephan Ripke
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alice Braun
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Kraft
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - David C Whiteman
- Cancer Control Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Catherine M Olsen
- Cancer Control Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Genetics Laboratory, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sven Cichon
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel and Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-1, Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- INSERM UMR1167-RID-AGE LabEx DISTALZ-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier of the University of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Bryan J Traynor
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew B Singleton
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Ruben J Cauchi
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking and Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Roel A Ophoff
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Martina Wiedau-Pazos
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Vivianna M van Deerlin
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julian Grosskreutz
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Precision Neurology Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Nayana Gaur
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Jörk
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Tabea Barthel
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Erik Theele
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ilse
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Otto W Witte
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Robert Steinbach
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Caroline Graff
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lev Brylev
- Department of Neurology, Bujanov Moscow Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of the Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Functional Biochemistry of the Nervous System, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vera Fominykh
- Department of Neurology, Bujanov Moscow Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Functional Biochemistry of the Nervous System, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vera Demeshonok
- ALS-Care Center, 'GAOORDI', Medical Clinic of the St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia Ataulina
- Department of Neurology, Bujanov Moscow Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Rogelj
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Biomedical Research Institute BRIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Blaž Koritnik
- Ljubljana ALS Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Zidar
- Ljubljana ALS Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Metka Ravnik-Glavač
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damjan Glavač
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zorica Stević
- Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vivian Drory
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Monica Povedano
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ian P Blair
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew C Kiernan
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Beben Benyamin
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Centre for Precision Health and Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robert D Henderson
- Centre for Clinical Research, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sarah Furlong
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susan Mathers
- Calvary Health Care Bethlehem, Parkdale, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pamela A McCombe
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Merrilee Needham
- Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Notre Dame University, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Shyuan T Ngo
- Centre for Clinical Research, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Garth A Nicholson
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roger Pamphlett
- Discipline of Pathology and Department of Neuropathology, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dominic B Rowe
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frederik J Steyn
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kelly L Williams
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia Institute, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, the Prince of Wales Hospital, UNSW, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anjali K Henders
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Leanne Wallace
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mamede de Carvalho
- Instituto de Fisiologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Pinto
- Instituto de Fisiologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susanne Petri
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Markus Weber
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit/ALS Clinic, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Unit and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, 'Dino Ferrari' Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Charles J Curtis
- Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR BioResource Centre Maudsley, NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM) & Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR BioResource Centre Maudsley, NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM) & Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan D Glass
- Department Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Robert H Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - John E Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Christopher E Shaw
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Peter M Andersen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ewout J N Groen
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Michael A van Es
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - R Jeroen Pasterkamp
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fleur C Garton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Allan F McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
| | - Tom R Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Jonathan Mill
- University of Exeter Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Russell L McLaughlin
- Complex Trait Genomics Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Orla Hardiman
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kevin P Kenna
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Naomi R Wray
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ellen Tsai
- Translational Biology, Biogen, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heiko Runz
- Translational Biology, Biogen, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Philip Van Damme
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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5
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Bakker MK, van der Spek RAA, van Rheenen W, Morel S, Bourcier R, Hostettler IC, Alg VS, van Eijk KR, Koido M, Akiyama M, Terao C, Matsuda K, Walters RG, Lin K, Li L, Millwood IY, Chen Z, Rouleau GA, Zhou S, Rannikmäe K, Sudlow CLM, Houlden H, van den Berg LH, Dina C, Naggara O, Gentric JC, Shotar E, Eugène F, Desal H, Winsvold BS, Børte S, Johnsen MB, Brumpton BM, Sandvei MS, Willer CJ, Hveem K, Zwart JA, Verschuren WMM, Friedrich CM, Hirsch S, Schilling S, Dauvillier J, Martin O, Jones GT, Bown MJ, Ko NU, Kim H, Coleman JRI, Breen G, Zaroff JG, Klijn CJM, Malik R, Dichgans M, Sargurupremraj M, Tatlisumak T, Amouyel P, Debette S, Rinkel GJE, Worrall BB, Pera J, Slowik A, Gaál-Paavola EI, Niemelä M, Jääskeläinen JE, von Und Zu Fraunberg M, Lindgren A, Broderick JP, Werring DJ, Woo D, Redon R, Bijlenga P, Kamatani Y, Veldink JH, Ruigrok YM. Author Correction: Genome-wide association study of intracranial aneurysms identifies 17 risk loci and genetic overlap with clinical risk factors. Nat Genet 2021; 53:254. [PMID: 33353957 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-020-00760-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark K Bakker
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Rick A A van der Spek
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Morel
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Romain Bourcier
- l'institut du thorax Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Department of Neuroradiology, Nantes, France
| | - Isabel C Hostettler
- Stroke Research Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Varinder S Alg
- Stroke Research Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Kristel R van Eijk
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Masaru Koido
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Ocular Pathology and Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Robin G Walters
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kuang Lin
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sirui Zhou
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kristiina Rannikmäe
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cathie L M Sudlow
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Biobank, Cheadle, Stockport, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Dina
- l'institut du thorax Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Nantes, France
| | - Olivier Naggara
- Pediatric Radiology, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Department of Neuroradiology, Sainte-Anne Hospital and Université Paris Descartes, INSERM UMR, S894, Paris, France
| | | | - Eimad Shotar
- Department of Neuroradiology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - François Eugène
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Hubert Desal
- l'institut du thorax Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Department of Neuroradiology, Nantes, France
| | - Bendik S Winsvold
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sigrid Børte
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (FORMI), Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne Bakke Johnsen
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (FORMI), Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ben M Brumpton
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marie Søfteland Sandvei
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- The Cancer Clinic, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - John-Anker Zwart
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - W M Monique Verschuren
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Christoph M Friedrich
- Dortmund University of Applied Science and Arts, Dortmund, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sven Hirsch
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Schilling
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Olivier Martin
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gregory T Jones
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Matthew J Bown
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and National Institute for Health Research, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Nerissa U Ko
- Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Helen Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan R I Coleman
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jonathan G Zaroff
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Catharina J M Klijn
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rainer Malik
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Muralidharan Sargurupremraj
- INSERM U1219 Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Turgut Tatlisumak
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience at Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1167 LabEx DISTALZ - RID-AGE Université de Lille, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Université de Lille Lille, Lille Lille, France
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- INSERM U1219 Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gabriel J E Rinkel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Bradford B Worrall
- Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Joanna Pera
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Slowik
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Emília I Gaál-Paavola
- Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Niemelä
- Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha E Jääskeläinen
- Neurosurgery NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikael von Und Zu Fraunberg
- Neurosurgery NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Antti Lindgren
- Neurosurgery NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - David J Werring
- Stroke Research Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Daniel Woo
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Richard Redon
- l'institut du thorax Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Bijlenga
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ynte M Ruigrok
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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6
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Bakker MK, van der Spek RAA, van Rheenen W, Morel S, Bourcier R, Hostettler IC, Alg VS, van Eijk KR, Koido M, Akiyama M, Terao C, Matsuda K, Walters RG, Lin K, Li L, Millwood IY, Chen Z, Rouleau GA, Zhou S, Rannikmäe K, Sudlow CLM, Houlden H, van den Berg LH, Dina C, Naggara O, Gentric JC, Shotar E, Eugène F, Desal H, Winsvold BS, Børte S, Johnsen MB, Brumpton BM, Sandvei MS, Willer CJ, Hveem K, Zwart JA, Verschuren WMM, Friedrich CM, Hirsch S, Schilling S, Dauvillier J, Martin O, Jones GT, Bown MJ, Ko NU, Kim H, Coleman JRI, Breen G, Zaroff JG, Klijn CJM, Malik R, Dichgans M, Sargurupremraj M, Tatlisumak T, Amouyel P, Debette S, Rinkel GJE, Worrall BB, Pera J, Slowik A, Gaál-Paavola EI, Niemelä M, Jääskeläinen JE, von Und Zu Fraunberg M, Lindgren A, Broderick JP, Werring DJ, Woo D, Redon R, Bijlenga P, Kamatani Y, Veldink JH, Ruigrok YM. Genome-wide association study of intracranial aneurysms identifies 17 risk loci and genetic overlap with clinical risk factors. Nat Genet 2020; 52:1303-1313. [PMID: 33199917 PMCID: PMC7116530 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-020-00725-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Rupture of an intracranial aneurysm leads to subarachnoid hemorrhage, a severe type of stroke. To discover new risk loci and the genetic architecture of intracranial aneurysms, we performed a cross-ancestry, genome-wide association study in 10,754 cases and 306,882 controls of European and East Asian ancestry. We discovered 17 risk loci, 11 of which are new. We reveal a polygenic architecture and explain over half of the disease heritability. We show a high genetic correlation between ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms. We also find a suggestive role for endothelial cells by using gene mapping and heritability enrichment. Drug-target enrichment shows pleiotropy between intracranial aneurysms and antiepileptic and sex hormone drugs, providing insights into intracranial aneurysm pathophysiology. Finally, genetic risks for smoking and high blood pressure, the two main clinical risk factors, play important roles in intracranial aneurysm risk, and drive most of the genetic correlation between intracranial aneurysms and other cerebrovascular traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark K Bakker
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Rick A A van der Spek
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Morel
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Romain Bourcier
- l'institut du thorax Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Department of Neuroradiology, Nantes, France
| | - Isabel C Hostettler
- Stroke Research Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Varinder S Alg
- Stroke Research Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Kristel R van Eijk
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Masaru Koido
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Ocular Pathology and Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Robin G Walters
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kuang Lin
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sirui Zhou
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kristiina Rannikmäe
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cathie L M Sudlow
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Biobank, Cheadle, Stockport, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Dina
- l'institut du thorax Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Nantes, France
| | - Olivier Naggara
- Pediatric Radiology, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Department of Neuroradiology, Sainte-Anne Hospital and Université Paris Descartes, INSERM UMR, S894, Paris, France
| | | | - Eimad Shotar
- Department of Neuroradiology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - François Eugène
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Hubert Desal
- l'institut du thorax Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Department of Neuroradiology, Nantes, France
| | - Bendik S Winsvold
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sigrid Børte
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (FORMI), Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne Bakke Johnsen
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (FORMI), Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ben M Brumpton
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marie Søfteland Sandvei
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- The Cancer Clinic, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - John-Anker Zwart
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - W M Monique Verschuren
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Christoph M Friedrich
- Dortmund University of Applied Science and Arts, Dortmund, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sven Hirsch
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Schilling
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Olivier Martin
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gregory T Jones
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Matthew J Bown
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and National Institute for Health Research, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Nerissa U Ko
- Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Helen Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan R I Coleman
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jonathan G Zaroff
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Catharina J M Klijn
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rainer Malik
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Muralidharan Sargurupremraj
- INSERM U1219 Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Turgut Tatlisumak
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience at Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1167 LabEx DISTALZ - RID-AGE Université de Lille, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Université de Lille Lille, Lille Lille, France
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- INSERM U1219 Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gabriel J E Rinkel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Bradford B Worrall
- Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Joanna Pera
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Slowik
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Emília I Gaál-Paavola
- Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Niemelä
- Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha E Jääskeläinen
- Neurosurgery NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikael von Und Zu Fraunberg
- Neurosurgery NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Antti Lindgren
- Neurosurgery NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - David J Werring
- Stroke Research Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Daniel Woo
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Richard Redon
- l'institut du thorax Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Bijlenga
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ynte M Ruigrok
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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7
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Yin B, Balvert M, van der Spek RAA, Dutilh BE, Bohté S, Veldink J, Schönhuth A. Using the structure of genome data in the design of deep neural networks for predicting amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from genotype. Bioinformatics 2020; 35:i538-i547. [PMID: 31510706 PMCID: PMC6612814 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by aberrations in the genome. While several disease-causing variants have been identified, a major part of heritability remains unexplained. ALS is believed to have a complex genetic basis where non-additive combinations of variants constitute disease, which cannot be picked up using the linear models employed in classical genotype–phenotype association studies. Deep learning on the other hand is highly promising for identifying such complex relations. We therefore developed a deep-learning based approach for the classification of ALS patients versus healthy individuals from the Dutch cohort of the Project MinE dataset. Based on recent insight that regulatory regions harbor the majority of disease-associated variants, we employ a two-step approach: first promoter regions that are likely associated to ALS are identified, and second individuals are classified based on their genotype in the selected genomic regions. Both steps employ a deep convolutional neural network. The network architecture accounts for the structure of genome data by applying convolution only to parts of the data where this makes sense from a genomics perspective. Results Our approach identifies potentially ALS-associated promoter regions, and generally outperforms other classification methods. Test results support the hypothesis that non-additive combinations of variants contribute to ALS. Architectures and protocols developed are tailored toward processing population-scale, whole-genome data. We consider this a relevant first step toward deep learning assisted genotype–phenotype association in whole genome-sized data. Availability and implementation Our code will be available on Github, together with a synthetic dataset (https://github.com/byin-cwi/ALS-Deeplearning). The data used in this study is available to bona-fide researchers upon request. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojian Yin
- Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Life Sciences & Health, XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Balvert
- Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Life Sciences & Health, XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Theoretical Biology & Bioinformatics, Utrecht University, JE Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rick A A van der Spek
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bas E Dutilh
- Theoretical Biology & Bioinformatics, Utrecht University, JE Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Bohté
- Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Life Sciences & Health, XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Veldink
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Schönhuth
- Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Life Sciences & Health, XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Theoretical Biology & Bioinformatics, Utrecht University, JE Utrecht, The Netherlands
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8
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van der Spek RAA, van Rheenen W, Pulit SL, Kenna KP, van den Berg LH, Veldink JH. The project MinE databrowser: bringing large-scale whole-genome sequencing in ALS to researchers and the public. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2019; 20:432-440. [PMID: 31280677 PMCID: PMC7893599 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2019.1606244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting one in 350 people. The aim of Project MinE is to elucidate the pathophysiology of ALS through whole-genome sequencing at least 15,000 ALS patients and 7500 controls at 30× coverage. Here, we present the Project MinE data browser ( databrowser.projectmine.com ), a unique and intuitive one-stop, open-access server that provides detailed information on genetic variation analyzed in a new and still growing set of 4366 ALS cases and 1832 matched controls. Through its visual components and interactive design, the browser specifically aims to be a resource to those without a biostatistics background and allow clinicians and preclinical researchers to integrate Project MinE data into their own research. The browser allows users to query a transcript and immediately access a unique combination of detailed (meta)data, annotations and association statistics that would otherwise require analytic expertise and visits to scattered resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick A A van der Spek
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Sara L Pulit
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Kevin P Kenna
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
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9
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van Rheenen W, Shatunov A, Dekker AM, McLaughlin RL, Diekstra FP, Pulit SL, van der Spek RAA, Võsa U, de Jong S, Robinson MR, Yang J, Fogh I, van Doormaal PT, Tazelaar GHP, Koppers M, Blokhuis AM, Sproviero W, Jones AR, Kenna KP, van Eijk KR, Harschnitz O, Schellevis RD, Brands WJ, Medic J, Menelaou A, Vajda A, Ticozzi N, Lin K, Rogelj B, Vrabec K, Ravnik-Glavač M, Koritnik B, Zidar J, Leonardis L, Grošelj LD, Millecamps S, Salachas F, Meininger V, de Carvalho M, Pinto S, Mora JS, Rojas-García R, Polak M, Chandran S, Colville S, Swingler R, Morrison KE, Shaw PJ, Hardy J, Orrell RW, Pittman A, Sidle K, Fratta P, Malaspina A, Topp S, Petri S, Abdulla S, Drepper C, Sendtner M, Meyer T, Ophoff RA, Staats KA, Wiedau-Pazos M, Lomen-Hoerth C, Van Deerlin VM, Trojanowski JQ, Elman L, McCluskey L, Basak AN, Tunca C, Hamzeiy H, Parman Y, Meitinger T, Lichtner P, Radivojkov-Blagojevic M, Andres CR, Maurel C, Bensimon G, Landwehrmeyer B, Brice A, Payan CAM, Saker-Delye S, Dürr A, Wood NW, Tittmann L, Lieb W, Franke A, Rietschel M, Cichon S, Nöthen MM, Amouyel P, Tzourio C, Dartigues JF, Uitterlinden AG, Rivadeneira F, Estrada K, Hofman A, Curtis C, Blauw HM, van der Kooi AJ, de Visser M, Goris A, Weber M, Shaw CE, Smith BN, Pansarasa O, Cereda C, Del Bo R, Comi GP, D'Alfonso S, Bertolin C, Sorarù G, Mazzini L, Pensato V, Gellera C, Tiloca C, Ratti A, Calvo A, Moglia C, Brunetti M, Arcuti S, Capozzo R, Zecca C, Lunetta C, Penco S, Riva N, Padovani A, Filosto M, Muller B, Stuit RJ, Blair I, Zhang K, McCann EP, Fifita JA, Nicholson GA, Rowe DB, Pamphlett R, Kiernan MC, Grosskreutz J, Witte OW, Ringer T, Prell T, Stubendorff B, Kurth I, Hübner CA, Leigh PN, Casale F, Chio A, Beghi E, Pupillo E, Tortelli R, Logroscino G, Powell J, Ludolph AC, Weishaupt JH, Robberecht W, Van Damme P, Franke L, Pers TH, Brown RH, Glass JD, Landers JE, Hardiman O, Andersen PM, Corcia P, Vourc'h P, Silani V, Wray NR, Visscher PM, de Bakker PIW, van Es MA, Pasterkamp RJ, Lewis CM, Breen G, Al-Chalabi A, van den Berg LH, Veldink JH. Genome-wide association analyses identify new risk variants and the genetic architecture of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nat Genet 2016; 48:1043-8. [PMID: 27455348 PMCID: PMC5556360 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 374] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the genetic architecture of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and find associated loci, we assembled a custom imputation reference panel from whole-genome-sequenced patients with ALS and matched controls (n = 1,861). Through imputation and mixed-model association analysis in 12,577 cases and 23,475 controls, combined with 2,579 cases and 2,767 controls in an independent replication cohort, we fine-mapped a new risk locus on chromosome 21 and identified C21orf2 as a gene associated with ALS risk. In addition, we identified MOBP and SCFD1 as new associated risk loci. We established evidence of ALS being a complex genetic trait with a polygenic architecture. Furthermore, we estimated the SNP-based heritability at 8.5%, with a distinct and important role for low-frequency variants (frequency 1-10%). This study motivates the interrogation of larger samples with full genome coverage to identify rare causal variants that underpin ALS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Aleksey Shatunov
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Annelot M Dekker
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Russell L McLaughlin
- Population Genetics Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Frank P Diekstra
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sara L Pulit
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rick A A van der Spek
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Urmo Võsa
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Simone de Jong
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, Maudsley Hospital and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew R Robinson
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jian Yang
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Isabella Fogh
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Perry Tc van Doormaal
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gijs H P Tazelaar
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Max Koppers
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anna M Blokhuis
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - William Sproviero
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ashley R Jones
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kevin P Kenna
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristel R van Eijk
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Oliver Harschnitz
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Raymond D Schellevis
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - William J Brands
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jelena Medic
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Androniki Menelaou
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Alice Vajda
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Tranplantation, 'Dino Ferrari' Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Kuang Lin
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Boris Rogelj
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Biomedical Research Institute BRIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katarina Vrabec
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Metka Ravnik-Glavač
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Blaž Koritnik
- Ljubljana ALS Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Zidar
- Ljubljana ALS Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lea Leonardis
- Ljubljana ALS Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Leja Dolenc Grošelj
- Ljubljana ALS Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stéphanie Millecamps
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMRS 1127, Paris, France
| | - François Salachas
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMRS 1127, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares SLA Ile de France, Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- GRC-UPMC SLA et Maladies du Motoneurone, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Meininger
- Ramsay Generale de Santé, Hôpital Peupliers, Paris, France
- Réseau SLA Ile de France, Paris, France
| | - Mamede de Carvalho
- Institute of Physiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Neurosciences, Hospital de Santa Maria-CHLN, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Pinto
- Institute of Physiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Neurosciences, Hospital de Santa Maria-CHLN, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jesus S Mora
- Department of Neurology, Hospital San Rafael, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Rojas-García
- Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau de Barcelona, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Meraida Polak
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Emory ALS Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Siddharthan Chandran
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Neuroregeneration and Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Shuna Colville
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert Swingler
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Richard W Orrell
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alan Pittman
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Reta Lila Weston Institute, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Katie Sidle
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Pietro Fratta
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrea Malaspina
- Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- North-East London and Essex Regional Motor Neuron Disease Care Centre, London, UK
| | - Simon Topp
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Susanne Petri
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Susanne Abdulla
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Güricke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Drepper
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Sendtner
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meyer
- Department of Neurology, Charité University Hospital, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roel A Ophoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kim A Staats
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Martina Wiedau-Pazos
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Catherine Lomen-Hoerth
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Vivianna M Van Deerlin
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lauren Elman
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Leo McCluskey
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - A Nazli Basak
- Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Bo[gcaron]aziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceren Tunca
- Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Bo[gcaron]aziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hamid Hamzeiy
- Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, Bo[gcaron]aziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yesim Parman
- Neurology Department, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Peter Lichtner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Cindy Maurel
- INSERM U930, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Gilbert Bensimon
- AP-HP, Département de Pharmacologie Clinique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- UPMC, Pharmacologie, Paris VI, Paris, France
- BESPIM, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | | | - Alexis Brice
- INSERM U1127, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 7225, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Paris 06, UMRS 1127, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Département de Génétique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Christine A M Payan
- AP-HP, Département de Pharmacologie Clinique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- BESPIM, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | | | - Alexandra Dürr
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Hôptial Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Nicholas W Wood
- Department of Neurogenetics, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lukas Tittmann
- PopGen Biobank and Institute of Epidemiology, Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- PopGen Biobank and Institute of Epidemiology, Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven Cichon
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-1, Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- University of Lille, INSERM, CHU de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE Risk Factor and Molecular Determinants of Aging Diseases, Lille, France
| | - Christophe Tzourio
- Bordeaux University, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219-Epidemiologie Biostatistique et CIC-1401, CHU de Bordeaux, Pôle de Santé Publique, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-François Dartigues
- Bordeaux University, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219-Epidemiologie Biostatistique et CIC-1401, CHU de Bordeaux, Pôle de Santé Publique, Bordeaux, France
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Genetics Laboratory, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Genetics Laboratory, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karol Estrada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Genetics Laboratory, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charles Curtis
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, Maudsley Hospital and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hylke M Blauw
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anneke J van der Kooi
- Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marianne de Visser
- Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - An Goris
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Markus Weber
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit/ALS Clinic, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Christopher E Shaw
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Bradley N Smith
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Orietta Pansarasa
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurobiology, IRCCS 'C. Mondino' National Institute of Neurology Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Cereda
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurobiology, IRCCS 'C. Mondino' National Institute of Neurology Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Del Bo
- Neurologic Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo P Comi
- Neurologic Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandra D'Alfonso
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Cinzia Bertolin
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gianni Sorarù
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- Department of Neurology, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Viviana Pensato
- Unit of Genetics of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Gellera
- Unit of Genetics of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Tiloca
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonia Ratti
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Tranplantation, 'Dino Ferrari' Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Calvo
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Moglia
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Maura Brunetti
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Simona Arcuti
- Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari 'A. Moro' at Pia Fondazione 'Card. G. Panico', Tricase, Italy
| | - Rosa Capozzo
- Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari 'A. Moro' at Pia Fondazione 'Card. G. Panico', Tricase, Italy
| | - Chiara Zecca
- Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari 'A. Moro' at Pia Fondazione 'Card. G. Panico', Tricase, Italy
| | - Christian Lunetta
- NEMO Clinical Center, Serena Onlus Foundation, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hostipal, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Penco
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Nilo Riva
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Filosto
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | - Ian Blair
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katharine Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emily P McCann
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Fifita
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Garth A Nicholson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dominic B Rowe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roger Pamphlett
- Stacey MND Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew C Kiernan
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julian Grosskreutz
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Otto W Witte
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Ringer
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Tino Prell
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Ingo Kurth
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - P Nigel Leigh
- Department of Neurology, Brighton and Sussex Medical School Trafford Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Federico Casale
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Adriano Chio
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Ettore Beghi
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Pupillo
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosanna Tortelli
- Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari 'A. Moro' at Pia Fondazione 'Card. G. Panico', Tricase, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' at Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico, Tricase, Italy
| | - John Powell
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Wim Robberecht
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Vesalius Research Center, Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philip Van Damme
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Vesalius Research Center, Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tune H Pers
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Basic Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert H Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan D Glass
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Emory ALS Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John E Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Orla Hardiman
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter M Andersen
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Philippe Corcia
- INSERM U930, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
- Centre SLA, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
- Federation des Centres SLA Tours and Limoges, LITORALS, Tours, France
| | | | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Tranplantation, 'Dino Ferrari' Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Naomi R Wray
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter M Visscher
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul I W de Bakker
- Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Michael A van Es
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - R Jeroen Pasterkamp
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Cathryn M Lewis
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gerome Breen
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, Maudsley Hospital and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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