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Grant KA, Newman N, Gonzales S, Shnitko TA. Replicability in measures of attentional set-shifting task performance predicting chronic heavy drinking in rhesus monkeys. Alcohol 2021; 96:93-98. [PMID: 34509594 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to replicate and extend a previous report that the increase in performance of an attentional set-shifting task (ASST) in rhesus monkeys predicted their future alcohol drinking status as a heavy drinker (HD) or non-heavy drinker (NHD). A cohort of 6 young adult male monkeys was trained and tested under the same ASST and then underwent a alcohol self-administration protocol that maintained open-access (22 hours/day) choice of alcohol or water 7 days/week for approximately 6 months. The average improvement in performance in the ASST, as measured by a performance index, was replicated in the cohort of 6 monkeys when compared to the increase in the task performance in a previous cohort of 9 male monkeys. The alcohol self-administration protocol was then used to determine the drinking status (HD: n = 4 or NHD: n = 2) of the replicate cohort, which was accurately predicted by the performance on the ASST. Finally, individuals from both cohorts could be combined based on future drinking status of HD (n = 8) or NHD (n = 7), and the association with pre-alcohol ASST performance remained. Specifically, monkeys that had lower rates of PI improvement were more likely to become HDs. To our knowledge, this is the first study to replicate that deficits in the set-shifting performance can predict chronic heavy alcohol drinking in primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Grant
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, United States; Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, United States.
| | - N Newman
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, United States
| | - S Gonzales
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, United States
| | - T A Shnitko
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, United States
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Gonzales S, Schultz L, Dykes J, Chen S, Wujcik K, Kaufman B, Chen C, Maeda K, McElhinney D, Almond C. Association between Pre-Albumin and Malnutrition in Children with Advanced Heart Failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Rygg JR, Smith RF, Lazicki AE, Braun DG, Fratanduono DE, Kraus RG, McNaney JM, Swift DC, Wehrenberg CE, Coppari F, Ahmed MF, Barrios MA, Blobaum KJM, Collins GW, Cook AL, Di Nicola P, Dzenitis EG, Gonzales S, Heidl BF, Hohenberger M, House A, Izumi N, Kalantar DH, Khan SF, Kohut TR, Kumar C, Masters ND, Polsin DN, Regan SP, Smith CA, Vignes RM, Wall MA, Ward J, Wark JS, Zobrist TL, Arsenlis A, Eggert JH. X-ray diffraction at the National Ignition Facility. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:043902. [PMID: 32357733 DOI: 10.1063/1.5129698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report details of an experimental platform implemented at the National Ignition Facility to obtain in situ powder diffraction data from solids dynamically compressed to extreme pressures. Thin samples are sandwiched between tamper layers and ramp compressed using a gradual increase in the drive-laser irradiance. Pressure history in the sample is determined using high-precision velocimetry measurements. Up to two independently timed pulses of x rays are produced at or near the time of peak pressure by laser illumination of thin metal foils. The quasi-monochromatic x-ray pulses have a mean wavelength selectable between 0.6 Å and 1.9 Å depending on the foil material. The diffracted signal is recorded on image plates with a typical 2θ x-ray scattering angle uncertainty of about 0.2° and resolution of about 1°. Analytic expressions are reported for systematic corrections to 2θ due to finite pinhole size and sample offset. A new variant of a nonlinear background subtraction algorithm is described, which has been used to observe diffraction lines at signal-to-background ratios as low as a few percent. Variations in system response over the detector area are compensated in order to obtain accurate line intensities; this system response calculation includes a new analytic approximation for image-plate sensitivity as a function of photon energy and incident angle. This experimental platform has been used up to 2 TPa (20 Mbar) to determine the crystal structure, measure the density, and evaluate the strain-induced texturing of a variety of compressed samples spanning periods 2-7 on the periodic table.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Rygg
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - R F Smith
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - A E Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D G Braun
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D E Fratanduono
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - R G Kraus
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - J M McNaney
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D C Swift
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - C E Wehrenberg
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - F Coppari
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - M F Ahmed
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - M A Barrios
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - K J M Blobaum
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - G W Collins
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - A L Cook
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - P Di Nicola
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - E G Dzenitis
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - S Gonzales
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - B F Heidl
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - M Hohenberger
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - A House
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - N Izumi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D H Kalantar
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - S F Khan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - T R Kohut
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - C Kumar
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - N D Masters
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D N Polsin
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S P Regan
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C A Smith
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - R M Vignes
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - M A Wall
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - J Ward
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - J S Wark
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - T L Zobrist
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - A Arsenlis
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - J H Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
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Gonzales S, Schultz L, Dykes J, Chen S, Wujcik K, Kaufman B, Chen C, Maeda K, McElhinney D, Almond C. Association between Pre-Albumin and Malnutrition in Children with Advanced Heart Failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Shahid M, Nirgudkar N, Shukla P, Gonzales S, Chandra V, Kumar A. Abstract No. 436 Influence of exercise on Inferior vena cava wall interaction with inferior vena cava filters: initial results of an in vivo porcine study. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Gonzales S. TU-AB-204-02: Device Adverse Events and Compliance. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Oviedo-Ocaña ER, Torres-Lozada P, Marmolejo-Rebellon LF, Hoyos LV, Gonzales S, Barrena R, Komilis D, Sanchez A. Stability and maturity of biowaste composts derived by small municipalities: Correlation among physical, chemical and biological indices. Waste Manag 2015; 44:63-71. [PMID: 26216503 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Stability and maturity are important criteria to guarantee the quality of a compost that is applied to agriculture or used as amendment in degraded soils. Although different techniques exist to evaluate stability and maturity, the application of laboratory tests in municipalities in developing countries can be limited due to cost and application complexities. In the composting facilities of such places, some classical low cost on-site tests to monitor the composting process are usually implemented; however, such tests do not necessarily clearly identify conditions of stability and maturity. In this article, we have applied and compared results of stability and maturity tests that can be easily employed on site (i.e. temperature, pH, moisture, electrical conductivity [EC], odor and color), and of tests that require more complex laboratory techniques (volatile solids, C/N ratio, self-heating, respirometric index, germination index [GI]). The evaluation of the above was performed in the field scale using 2 piles of biowaste applied compost. The monitoring period was from day 70 to day 190 of the process. Results showed that the low-cost tests traditionally employed to monitor the composting process on-site, such as temperature, color and moisture, do not provide consistent determinations with the more complex laboratory tests used to assess stability (e.g. respiration index, self-heating, volatile solids). In the case of maturity tests (GI, pH, EC), both the on-site tests (pH, EC) and the laboratory test (GI) provided consistent results. Although, stability was indicated for most of the samples, the maturity tests indicated that products were consistently immature. Thus, a stable product is not necessarily mature. Conclusively, the decision on the quality of the compost in the installations located in developing countries requires the simultaneous use of a combination of tests that are performed both in the laboratory and on-site.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Oviedo-Ocaña
- Grupo de Investigación Estudio y Control de la Contaminación Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Valle, A.A. 25360 Cali, Colombia; Escuela de Ingeniería Civil, Faculta de Ingeniería Fisico-mecánica, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27 Calle 9, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - P Torres-Lozada
- Grupo de Investigación Estudio y Control de la Contaminación Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Valle, A.A. 25360 Cali, Colombia
| | - L F Marmolejo-Rebellon
- Grupo de Investigación Estudio y Control de la Contaminación Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Valle, A.A. 25360 Cali, Colombia
| | - L V Hoyos
- Grupo de Investigación Estudio y Control de la Contaminación Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Valle, A.A. 25360 Cali, Colombia
| | - S Gonzales
- Grupo de Investigación Estudio y Control de la Contaminación Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Valle, A.A. 25360 Cali, Colombia
| | - R Barrena
- Composting Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D Komilis
- Composting Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A Sanchez
- Composting Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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Cervera-Juanes R, Wilhem L, Park B, Lee R, Locke J, Helms C, Gonzales S, Wand G, Jones SR, Grant KA, Ferguson B. P-08 MAOAEXPRESSION PREDICTS VULNERABILITY FOR ALCOHOL USE. Alcohol Alcohol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agv080.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Messaoudi I, Pasala S, Girke T, Gonzales S, Grant K. Dose dependent modulation of immune response to vaccination by alcohol. Alcohol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2014.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Rossi M, Gonzales S, Orsoni J, Zavota L, De Fanti A, Izzi GC. Use of anti-TNF Etanercept in paediatric patients with autoimmune disease and ocular involvement: the Parma experience. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2008. [PMCID: PMC3333942 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-6-s1-p144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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12
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Erario MA, Gonzales S, Romay S, Eizayaga FX, Castro JL, Lemberg A, Tomaro ML. Role of heme oxygenase/carbon monoxide pathway on the vascular response to noradrenaline in portal hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2005; 32:196-201. [PMID: 15743403 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04171.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
1. Portal hypertension (PH), a major syndrome in cirrhosis, producing hyperdynamic splanchnic circulation and hyperaemia. In order to elucidate the contribution of heme oxygenase to the vascular hyporeactivity, we assessed the activity of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), measured the in vivo pressure response to noradrenaline (NA) and investigated the effects of blocking the carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) pathways in a prehepatic model of PH in rats. 2. Portal hypertension was induced by partial portal vein ligation (PPVL). Noradrenaline was injected intravenously. Liver, spleen and mesentery homogenates were prepared for measurement of HO-1 activity and expression. Four groups of rats were used: (i) a sham group; (ii) a PPVL group; (iii) a sham group pretreated with Zn-protoporphyrin IX (ZnPPIX); and (iv) a PPVL group pretreated with ZnPPIX. Each group was studied before and after treatment with the NO synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). 3. For basal pressures and the pressure response to NA, inhibition of CO and NO pathways by ZnPPIX and L-NAME, respectively, produced an increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) in sham-operated and in PH rats. Similarly, when both inhibitors were used together in either sham or PPVL rats, a greater increase in MAP was observed. 4. These results, together with the increased HO-1 activity and expression only in the PH group, have led us to suggest that the heme oxygenase/CO pathway is involved in the vascular response to NA in PH rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Erario
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Erario MA, Gonzales S, Noriega GO, Tomaro ML. Bilirubin and ferritin as protectors against hemin-induced oxidative stress in rat liver. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2002; 48:877-84. [PMID: 12699246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The in vivo effect of hemin on both hepatic oxidative stress and heme oxygenase induction was studied. A marked increase in lipid peroxidation was observed 1 hr after hemin administration. Heme oxygenase-1 activity and expression appeared 6 hr after treatment, reaching a maximum between 12 and 15 hr after hemin administration. Such induction was preceded by a decrease in the soluble and enzymatic defenses, both effects taking place some hours before induction of heme oxygenase. Ferritin content began to increase 6 hr after heme oxygenase induction, and these increases were significantly higher 15 hr after treatment and remained high for at least 24 hr after hemin injection. Co-administration of tin protoporphyrin IX, a potent inhibitor of heme oxygenase, completely prevented the enzyme induction and the increase in ferritin levels, increasing the appearance of oxidative stress parameters. Administration of bilirubin, prevented the heme oxygenase induction as well as the decrease in hepatic GSH and the increase of lipid peroxidation when it was administered 2 hr before hemin treatment. These results indicate that the induction of heme oxygenase by hemin may be a general response to oxidant stress, by increasing bilirubin and ferritin levels and could therefore provide a major cellular defense mechanism against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Erario
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aries, Junín 956, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
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Thomson M, Nascimbeni M, Gonzales S, Murthy KK, Rehermann B, Liang TJ. Emergence of a distinct pattern of viral mutations in chimpanzees infected with a homogeneous inoculum of hepatitis C virus. Gastroenterology 2001; 121:1226-33. [PMID: 11677216 DOI: 10.1053/gast.2001.28669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Prospective, long-term study of viral evolution and immunologic responses in chimpanzees infected with a homogeneous hepatitis C virus (HCV) population is crucial in understanding the pathogenesis of HCV-host interactions. METHODS A molecular clone was constructed of HCV genotype 1b and RNA transcribed from this clone inoculated intrahepatically into chimpanzee X0142. Serum was taken from X0142 at week 2 and inoculated intravenously into a second chimpanzee (X0234). Detailed virologic, serologic, and immunologic analyses of these 2 chimpanzees were performed. RESULTS Both chimpanzees developed persistent viremia, with titers of 10(3) to 10(5) genomes/mL, for 80 weeks (X0142) and 55 weeks (X0234) of follow-up. A late antibody response against the nonstructural proteins and a weak, transient T-helper proliferative response were detected in both animals. In X0142, 25 mutations emerged in the virus population by week 78 and 15 in X0234 by week 35. A relatively large proportion of mutations affecting protein sequences appeared in the NS5A gene (33% in X0142 and X0234 combined), and 5 mutations were common to both chimpanzees. CONCLUSIONS In this long-term study of the molecular evolution of HCV genotype 1b from a cloned source, the appearance of a distinct pattern of mutations is suggestive of an adaptive response of HCV in vivo. In addition, a limited virus-specific immunity may contribute to HCV persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Thomson
- Liver Diseases Section, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1800, USA
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Montoya D, Arévalo C, Gonzales S, Aristizabal F, Schwarz WH. New solvent-producing Clostridium sp. strains, hydrolyzing a wide range of polysaccharides, are closely related to Clostridium butyricum. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2001; 27:329-35. [PMID: 11781809 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jim.7000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2000] [Accepted: 07/25/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Thirteen new Clostridium strains, previously isolated from soil and found to produce high amounts of solvents from glucose, hydrolyzed a great variety of alpha- and beta-glycans, including raw starch, xylan, pectin, inulin and cellulose. The sequences of the PCR-amplified DNA fragments containing the variable 3' part of one of the 16S rRNA genes were 99.5% identical. The macrorestriction pattern of two endonucleolytic digests of chromosomal DNA in the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) confirmed their high homogeneity on the DNA level. The complete 16S rRNA gene sequence of three selected strains was 99.8% identical to the 16S rRNA gene sequence from Clostridium butyricum and separates them from C. acetobutylicum. To the closely related four species of solventogenic clostridia a new group of strains has to be added, which has a great potential for the direct fermentation of biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Montoya
- Institute of Biotechnology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, AA 14490, Santafé de Bogotá, Colombia
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioid addiction therapy includes successful detoxification, rehabilitation, and sometimes methadone maintenance. However, the patient may have physical, mental, and emotional pain while trying to achieve abstinence. A new detoxification technique that incorporates general anesthesia uses a high-dose opioid antagonist to compress detoxification to within 6 h while avoiding the withdrawal. METHODS After Institutional Review Board approval and detailed informed consent, 20 patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists status I-II, addicted to various opioids underwent anesthesia-assisted rapid opioid detoxification. After baseline hemodynamics and withdrawal scores were obtained, anesthesia was induced. After testing with 0.4 mg intravenous naloxone, 4 mg nalmefene, was infused over 2 to 3 h. After emergence, severity of withdrawal was scored before and after administration of 0.4 mg intravenous naloxone. After 24 h, patients began outpatient follow-up treatment while taking oral naltrexone. RESULTS All 20 patients were successfully detoxified with no adverse anesthetic events. After the first post-treatment test dose of 0.4 mg naloxone, 13 of 20 patients had no signs of withdrawal and hemodynamic changes were minimal. Withdrawal scores were always very low and similar before and after detoxification. Three of 17 patients (18%) available for follow-up have remained abstinent from opioids since treatment (< or = 18 months). Four other patients are clean after brief relapses. CONCLUSIONS Anesthesia-assisted opioid detoxification is an alternative to conventional detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Gold
- Department of Anesthesiology and the St. Elizabeth's Comprehensive Addiction Program, St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02135-2997, USA.
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Samlowski WE, Yim CY, McGregor JR, Kwon OD, Gonzales S, Hibbs JB. Effectiveness and toxicity of protracted nitric oxide synthesis inhibition during IL-2 treatment of mice. J Immunother Emphasis Tumor Immunol 1995; 18:166-78. [PMID: 8770772 DOI: 10.1097/00002371-199510000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The current study was designed to characterize nitric oxide (NO.) synthesis during interleukin-2 (IL-2) treatment of mice, and to determine whether NO. mediated IL-2-induced "vascular leak." We developed a technique for chronic subcutaneous infusion of the NO. synthase inhibitor N omega monomethyl-L-arginine (MLA) via osmotic minipump to aid in further study of these processes. After IL-2 administration to C3H/HeN mice (180,000 IU i.p. b.i.d. for 5 days), NO. synthesis increased two-to-three fold, peaking on days 5-8. Administration of MLA reduced NO. synthesis in both IL-2-treated mice (from 2.7 to 1 microM/mouse/day), and normal mice (from 1 to 0.5 microM/mouse/day). This agent decreased IL-2-induced radiolabeled albumin accumulation in the liver after i.p. IL-2 administration (p < 0.02). MLA infusions resulted in minimal systemic toxicity in mice, as reflected by complete blood counts or serum chemistries. MLA also did not impair lymphokine-activated killer cell induction in vitro or in vivo, or alter IL-2-induced tumor responses in a 3-day pulmonary metastasis model. These experiments demonstrated that NO. is a mediator involved in the genesis of vascular permeability induced by IL-2 treatment. Studies designed to further evaluate the toxicity and usefulness of MLA infusions to modify this IL-2 induced toxicity appear to be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- W E Samlowski
- University of Utah Cancer Immunotherapy Program, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA
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Abstract
The functions of the meniscus and subsequently the importance of meniscus preservation are well known. Thirty-one of 105 patients who underwent (closed) arthroscopic meniscus repair between 1982 and 1986 using an inside-out technique previously described were studied. Evaluations were based on The Hospital for Special Surgery knee rating system. Eighty-eight percent of the study population had a good-to-excellent outcome at an average 4.1 years follow-up. Most of these patients had no Fairbank changes on follow-up radiographs. Factors affecting outcome were analyzed. From this series, the at-risk factor for failure of meniscus repair is chronicity of injury (lasting longer than 2 weeks). Factors not noted to significantly influence results in this series include (a) age of the patient; (b) sex of the patient; (c) rim width up to 6 mm from the synovial meniscal junction; and (d) anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency. History of a reinjury and noncompliance with the postoperative rehabilitation protocol may also adversely influence results, but this is difficult to prove.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Stone
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
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Gonzales S. [Swedish nursing instructor in Nicaragua: here studies and coffee picking take turns. Interview by Caroline Svensson]. Vardfacket 1985; 9:24-5. [PMID: 3853408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Gonzales S. Cis-Sorin corticotropin kit. Clin Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/26.8.1228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Gonzales S. Cis-Sorin corticotropin kit. Clin Chem 1980; 26:1228. [PMID: 6248268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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