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Traven L, Marinac-Pupavac S, Žurga P, Linšak Ž, Žeželj SP, Glad M, Linšak DT, Cenov A. Arsenic (As), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) in northwest Croatian seafood: A health risks assessment. Toxicol Rep 2023; 11:413-419. [PMID: 38021472 PMCID: PMC10630657 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on the health risk assessment of arsenic (As), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) concentrations in seafood species commonly consumed in the northwestern region of Croatia. By measuring the concentrations of these elements coupled with data on seafood consumption, the health risks were evaluated using Target Hazard Quotients and Hazard Indexes. The results indicate a slightly increased health risks linked to seafood consumption for As, Cu and Zn in some of the tested seafood species. The findings of this study highlight the critical need for stronger food quality control measures, especially targeting certain types of seafood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Traven
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20/1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Teaching Institute of Public Health of the Primorsko-goranska county, Krešimirova 52a, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Sandra Marinac-Pupavac
- Teaching Institute of Public Health of the Primorsko-goranska county, Krešimirova 52a, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Paula Žurga
- Teaching Institute of Public Health of the Primorsko-goranska county, Krešimirova 52a, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Željko Linšak
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20/1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Teaching Institute of Public Health of the Primorsko-goranska county, Krešimirova 52a, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Sandra Pavičić Žeželj
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20/1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Teaching Institute of Public Health of the Primorsko-goranska county, Krešimirova 52a, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marin Glad
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20/1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Teaching Institute of Public Health of the Primorsko-goranska county, Krešimirova 52a, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Dijana Tomić Linšak
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20/1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Teaching Institute of Public Health of the Primorsko-goranska county, Krešimirova 52a, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Arijana Cenov
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20/1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Teaching Institute of Public Health of the Primorsko-goranska county, Krešimirova 52a, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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Marijančić V, Grubić Kezele T, Peharec S, Dragaš-Zubalj N, Pavičić Žeželj S, Starčević-Klasan G. Relationship between Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior, Spinal Curvatures, Endurance and Balance of the Trunk Muscles-Extended Physical Health Analysis in Young Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:6938. [PMID: 37887676 PMCID: PMC10606682 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20206938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are associated with poor well-being in young people with adverse effects extending into adulthood. To date, there are many studies investigating the relationship between physical activity (PA) and posture, but there are no data on the relationship between the type and intensity of PA and sedentary behavior, their association with thoracic and lumbar spine angles, and with endurance and balance of the trunk muscles, especially in healthy young adults aged 18-25 years. Moreover, there are no data on the relationship between PA and sedentary behavior and musculoskeletal and cardiopulmonary health, as well as quality of life (QoL) and sleep that would provide a more comprehensive picture of physical health status. AIM Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the extent to which PA and sedentary behavior are associated with each other and with changes in spinal curvatures, endurance and balance of trunk muscles in an extended analysis of physical health status in young adults aged 18-25 years by additionally including measures of body composition, cardiorespiratory capacity, and QoL and sleep. METHODS A total of 82 students (58% female, 42% male) aged 18-25 years completed all required tests. Primary outcome measures included the following: PA and sedentary behavior calculated from the long form of International PA Questionnaire (IPAQ-LF), spinal curvatures measured by a Spinal Mouse® device, endurance and balance of the trunk muscles measured using trunk endurance tests and their ratio. RESULTS Overall, 50% of students were classified as minimally active and 50% as health-enhancing PA (HEPA) active. The angles of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis showed no correlation with PA or time spent sitting. However, students with the lowest PA had significantly higher scores on the trunk extensor endurance test and trunk extensor/flexor endurance test ratio, indicating imbalanced trunk muscles. Moreover, these students spent the most their time sitting. Only PA of vigorous intensity and PA during recreation, leisure, and sports significantly correlated with QoL related to physical health. QoL related to physical and psychosocial health had significantly higher scores when students spent less time sitting. In addition, we found significantly better respiratory performance and SQ at higher PA values, i.e., PA during recreation, leisure, and sport. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that students with low PA levels and more time spent sitting have imbalanced trunk muscles, worse respiratory function, and poorer QoL and sleep. Moreover, these findings in college students may reflect their lifestyle and suggest that more PA needs to be promoted to prevent the development of chronic diseases including musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verner Marijančić
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (V.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Tanja Grubić Kezele
- Department of Physiology, Immunology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Hospital Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Stanislav Peharec
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (V.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Nataša Dragaš-Zubalj
- Department of School and University Medicine, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Sandra Pavičić Žeželj
- Department of Health Ecology, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Gordana Starčević-Klasan
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
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Traven L, Marinac-Pupavac S, Žurga P, Linšak Ž, Pavičić Žeželj S, Glad M, Vukić Lušić D. Assessment of health risks associated with heavy metal concentration in seafood from North-Western Croatia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16414. [PMID: 37775550 PMCID: PMC10541896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43365-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The following study aims at assessing the health risks associated with the consumption of the most commonly consumed seafood in the north-western part of Croatia due to the presence of heavy metals. Samples of seafood were collected and analysed for lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) content. Analyses of Cd and Pb were carried out by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) whereas Hg content was measured using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Metal concentrations were in the following order Hg > Pb > Cd for the gilthead seabream, European hake, sardines, and tuna fish whereas in the Patagonian squid cadmium (Cd) was the heavy metal with the highest concentration, with the order of other metals being Cd > Hg > Pb. The heavy metal concentrations have been used to address the health risks using the Estimated Weekly Intake (EWI), Target Hazard Quotients (THQ), and Hazard Indices (HI). The findings revealed that the concentrations of the tested heavy metals, expressed on a per wet weight basis, did not exceed the Maximum Residue Levels (MRL) for those compounds mandated by national Croatian legislation. However, the HI for Hg was above 1, indicating a risk of adverse health effects due to the presence of this heavy metal in the consumed seafood. We conclude that the consumption of certain type of seafood such as the tuna fish should be limited when sensitive segments of the population such as children, elderly and pregnant women are concerned. Our results strongly advocate for a more stringent seafood quality control in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Traven
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20/1, Rijeka, Croatia.
- Teaching Institute of Public Health, Krešimirova 52a, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia.
| | | | - Paula Žurga
- Teaching Institute of Public Health, Krešimirova 52a, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Željko Linšak
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20/1, Rijeka, Croatia
- Teaching Institute of Public Health, Krešimirova 52a, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Sandra Pavičić Žeželj
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20/1, Rijeka, Croatia
- Teaching Institute of Public Health, Krešimirova 52a, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marin Glad
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20/1, Rijeka, Croatia
- Teaching Institute of Public Health, Krešimirova 52a, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Darija Vukić Lušić
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20/1, Rijeka, Croatia
- Teaching Institute of Public Health, Krešimirova 52a, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia
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Marinac Pupavac S, Kenðel Jovanović G, Linšak Ž, Glad M, Traven L, Pavičić Žeželj S. The influence on fish and seafood consumption, and the attitudes and reasons for its consumption in the Croatian population. Front Sustain Food Syst 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.945186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish makes an important part of the Mediterranean diet, which has been scientifically proven to help preserve human health by protecting against major chronic and inflammatory diseases. Eating fish and seafood is very important, not only for its proven health benefits but also for its positive impact on the environment. Due to many fish and seafood significant positive effects on human health, this study aimed to investigate the socio-demographic factors associated with the consumption of fish and seafood in the population of Primorsko-goranska County in Croatia. Another aim was to determine people's attitudes, choices, and reasons for the consumption of fish and seafood. Self-reported data from 2,910 participants were used. According to the European dietary recommendations for fish consumption, the participants were divided into two groups; the very low to low fish consumption group and the moderate to high fish consumption group, in order to examine the differences in socio-demographic and lifestyle variables, and their attitudes, opinions, and reasons for fish and seafood consumption. More fish and seafood were consumed by women, the elderly, the more educated, non-smokers, and more physically active participants. Age, the highest level of education, and a diet even moderately adherent to the Mediterranean diet was found to significantly increase the likelihood of recommended fish consumption. Participants considered the best reasons to consume more fish lower prices, buy much more locally produced fishery products, and prefer to eat wild-caught fish rather than farmed fish. The study has found a slight increase in fish consumption, although still lower than the European average. It also showed significant socio-demographic associations, also the reasons and attitudes toward higher fish and seafood consumption of the Croatian population. The obtained research data are valuable for planning future public health programs in Croatia aimed at greater consumption of fish and seafood, as well as their promotion as an important part of a sustainable diet.
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Pavičić Žeželj S, Malec D, Janko-Labinac D, Šoić Vranić T, Mičetić Balog G, Schnurrer-Luke-Vrbanić T, Čaljkušić Mance T, Kovačević D, Cvijanović Peloza O. NUTRITIONAL RISK SCREENING IN GASTROENTEROLOGICAL PATIENTS AT THE RIJEKA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL CENTRE. Acta Clin Croat 2020; 59:632-640. [PMID: 34285434 PMCID: PMC8253059 DOI: 10.20471/acc.2020.59.04.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition is usually related to some diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, chronic pancreatitis, chronic liver disease and malignant tumors. It is characterized by weight loss, protein deficiency, and deficit of specific nutrients. The aim was to estimate the prevalence of nutritional risk among 160 gastrointestinal patients by use of the Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002) score at hospital admission and discharge. The patients stayed in the hospital between 5 and 15 days or longer. Results showed that 40% of patients at admission and 36.2% at discharge were malnourished. There were 53.1% of patients with recognized malnutrition at admission that received nutritional support, whereas at discharge 34.4% of patients at risk were not dietary supported. Malnourished patients were significantly older, had lower body mass index, longer hospital stay and higher rate of malignant diseases than properly nourished patients. Regular screening for malnutrition should be conveyed in hospitals as to provide appropriate dietary support for all patients at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danijela Malec
- 1Department of Health Ecology, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 3Department of Neurology, Pula General Hospital, Pula, Croatia; 4Department of Anatomy, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 5Health Centre of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Rijeka, Croatia; 6Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 7Department of Ophthalmology, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Dolores Janko-Labinac
- 1Department of Health Ecology, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 3Department of Neurology, Pula General Hospital, Pula, Croatia; 4Department of Anatomy, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 5Health Centre of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Rijeka, Croatia; 6Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 7Department of Ophthalmology, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Tamara Šoić Vranić
- 1Department of Health Ecology, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 3Department of Neurology, Pula General Hospital, Pula, Croatia; 4Department of Anatomy, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 5Health Centre of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Rijeka, Croatia; 6Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 7Department of Ophthalmology, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Gordana Mičetić Balog
- 1Department of Health Ecology, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 3Department of Neurology, Pula General Hospital, Pula, Croatia; 4Department of Anatomy, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 5Health Centre of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Rijeka, Croatia; 6Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 7Department of Ophthalmology, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Tea Schnurrer-Luke-Vrbanić
- 1Department of Health Ecology, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 3Department of Neurology, Pula General Hospital, Pula, Croatia; 4Department of Anatomy, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 5Health Centre of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Rijeka, Croatia; 6Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 7Department of Ophthalmology, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Tea Čaljkušić Mance
- 1Department of Health Ecology, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 3Department of Neurology, Pula General Hospital, Pula, Croatia; 4Department of Anatomy, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 5Health Centre of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Rijeka, Croatia; 6Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 7Department of Ophthalmology, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Damir Kovačević
- 1Department of Health Ecology, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 3Department of Neurology, Pula General Hospital, Pula, Croatia; 4Department of Anatomy, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 5Health Centre of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Rijeka, Croatia; 6Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 7Department of Ophthalmology, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Olga Cvijanović Peloza
- 1Department of Health Ecology, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 3Department of Neurology, Pula General Hospital, Pula, Croatia; 4Department of Anatomy, University of Rijeka, School of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia; 5Health Centre of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Rijeka, Croatia; 6Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia; 7Department of Ophthalmology, Rijeka University Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia
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Kenđel Jovanović G, Mrakovcic-Sutic I, Pavičić Žeželj S, Šuša B, Rahelić D, Klobučar Majanović S. The Efficacy of an Energy-Restricted Anti-Inflammatory Diet for the Management of Obesity in Younger Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113583. [PMID: 33266499 PMCID: PMC7700374 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence of the dietary impact on obesity-induced low-grade chronic inflammation and the associated chronic non-communicable diseases modification. We determined changes in body composition and cardiometabolic and inflammatory status of participants with obesity after 24 weeks of a dietary intervention based on an energy-reduced anti-inflammatory diet and examined the relationship of these changes with changes in the inflammatory potential of the diet. The anthropometric and body composition parameters of 81 participants (average age of 43 years, 74 women) were assessed. Metabolic status was determined using the glycemic and lipid statuses, and the cardiometabolic index and inflammatory status were determined using the concentration of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). The inflammatory potential of the diet was assessed using the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®). Intervention with an anti-inflammatory diet resulted in a significant reduction in body weight and visceral adipose tissue and caused improvements in the participants’ cardiometabolic and inflammatory statuses. The anti-inflammatory diet was shown to be effective regarding obesity management. The study data could advance current scientific knowledge in the field of inflammation and diet, provide guidelines for obesity management, and find its application in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Kenđel Jovanović
- Department of Health Ecology, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorsko-goranska County, Krešimirova 52a, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-51-358-751
| | - Ines Mrakovcic-Sutic
- Department of Physiology, Immunology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20/1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Sandra Pavičić Žeželj
- Department of Health Ecology, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorsko-goranska County, Krešimirova 52a, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
- Department of Health Ecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20/1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Branislav Šuša
- General Hospital Pula, Santoriova 24a, 52100 Pula, Croatia;
| | - Dario Rahelić
- Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Merkur University Hospital, Dugi dol 4a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata ul. 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Sanja Klobučar Majanović
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20/1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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Pavičić Žeželj S, Kenđel Jovanović G, Krešić G. The association between the Mediterranean diet and high physical activity among the working population in Croatia. Med Pr 2019; 70:169-176. [PMID: 30793709 DOI: 10.13075/mp.5893.00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unhealthy eating habits and physical inactivity constitute an emerging public health problem. The working population is of special interest for public health monitoring and evaluation because workers' unhealthy lifestyles may lead to reduced work ability. The aim of this study was to determine diet quality and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), according to the level of physical activity, and to detect variables associated with the working population's being highly physically active. MATERIAL AND METHODS At the Institute for Occupational Medicine 400 full-time workers were examined for obesity factors, filled in the short version of <i>International Physical Activity Questionnaire</i> (IPAQ-short) and a validated food frequency questionnaire for adherence to the Mediterranean diet using <i>Mediterranean Diet Score</i> (MDS). The workers were divided into low, moderate and high physical activity groups according to the IPAQ-short scoring protocol. Hierarchical linear regression was performed to determine the variables associated with being highly active. RESULTS One-third of the participants were highly physically active and their diet adhered to the MD (Me<sub>MDS</sub> = 7). Significant variables associated with a high level of physical activity were gender (p < 0.001), age (p = 0.02), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (p < 0.001), sitting level (p = 0.044) and occupational type (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS It was found that the participants displaying a high level of physical activity had a better quality diet that adhered to the Mediterranean diet but not to a significant degree. The variables associated with a high level of physical activity were male gender, younger age, normal WHR, non-sedentary occupation and reduced sitting time. The study findings could serve the purpose of improving future public health promotion of physical activity and the Mediterranean diet. Med Pr. 2019;70(2):169-76.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pavičić Žeželj
- Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorsko-Goranska County, Rijeka, Croatia (Department of Health Ecology).
| | - Gordana Kenđel Jovanović
- Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorsko-Goranska County, Rijeka, Croatia (Department of Health Ecology).
| | - Greta Krešić
- University of Rijeka, Opatija, Croatia (Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Department of Food and Nutrition).
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Žeželj SP, Tomljanović A, Jovanović GK, Krešić G, Peloza OC, Dragaš-Zubalj N, Prokurica IP. Prevalence, Knowledge and Attitudes Concerning Dietary Supplements among a Student Population in Croatia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:ijerph15061058. [PMID: 29882906 PMCID: PMC6025528 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of usage and the knowledge and attitudes towards dietary supplements among medical sciences and nonmedical sciences students from Croatia. The study was conducted based on a questionnaire about dietary supplement usage, knowledge and attitudes. The prevalence of dietary supplement use, among 910 university students was 30.5%. The most-used dietary supplements were vitamins (18.0% in medical sciences students and 9.8% in non-medical sciences students). For all students, the internet (66.1%) was the most common source of information, followed by healthcare professionals (33.2%). The most common reason for taking dietary supplements was to maintain good health (26.4%). Use of the internet rather than health professionals as a trusted information source should be revised among this young population. Supplement intake was significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.016) and physical activity (p = 0.050). Students with normal BMI (61.5%) and the most physically active students (37.7%) took significantly more dietary supplements. Results of this study could help medicine faculties to improve their curriculum and support the development of public health messages aimed at wise and safe use of dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pavičić Žeželj
- Health Ecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Ana Tomljanović
- Health Ecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Gordana Kenđel Jovanović
- Department of Health Ecology, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorsko-goranska County, Krešimirova 52a, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Greta Krešić
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, University of Rijeka, Primorska 42, P.O. Box 97, 51410 Opatija, Croatia.
| | - Olga Cvijanović Peloza
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Nataša Dragaš-Zubalj
- Department of Health Ecology, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorsko-goranska County, Krešimirova 52a, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Iva Pavlinić Prokurica
- Croatian Centre for Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Gorice 68 g, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Krešić G, Šimundić B, Mandić ML, Kenđel G, Pavičić Žeželj S. Daily menus can result in suboptimal nutrient intakes, especially calcium, of adolescents living in dormitories. Nutr Res 2008; 28:156-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2007.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2007] [Revised: 12/03/2007] [Accepted: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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