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Maļeckis A, Cvetinska M, Kirjušina M, Mežaraupe L, Kecko S, Gavarāne I, Kiyan V, Lider L, Pavlova V, Savicka M, Belyakov S, Kirilova E. A Comparative Study of New Fluorescent Anthraquinone and Benzanthrone α-Aminophosphonates: Synthesis, Spectroscopy, Toxicology, X-ray Crystallography, and Microscopy of Opisthorchis felineus. Molecules 2024; 29:1143. [PMID: 38474655 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In this research, we explore the synthesis of and characterize α-aminophosphonates derived from anthraquinone and benzanthrone, focusing on their fluorescence properties and potential applications in confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The synthesized compounds exhibit notable solvatochromic behavior, emitting fluorescence from green to red across various solvents. Spectroscopic analysis, including 1H-, 13C-, and 31P-NMR, FTIR, and mass spectrometry, confirms the chemical structures. The compounds' toxicity is evaluated using etiolated wheat sprouts, revealing varying degrees of impact on growth and oxidative damage. Furthermore, the study introduces these α-aminophosphonates for CLSM imaging of the parasitic flatworm Opisthorchis felineus, demonstrating their potential in visualizing biological specimens. Additionally, an X-ray crystallographic study of an anthraquinone α-aminophosphonate provides valuable structural insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armands Maļeckis
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena Str. 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | - Marija Cvetinska
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena Str. 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | - Muza Kirjušina
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Ligita Mežaraupe
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Sanita Kecko
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Inese Gavarāne
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Vladimir Kiyan
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, National Center for Biotechnology, 13/5 Kurgalzhynskoye Road, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Lyudmila Lider
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry Technology, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University, 62 Zhenis Avenue, Astana 010011, Kazakhstan
| | - Veronika Pavlova
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Marina Savicka
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Sergey Belyakov
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles Str. 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Elena Kirilova
- Department of Environment and Technologies, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Healthcare, Daugavpils University, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
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2
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Hakkarainen TJ, Krams I, Coetzee V, Skrinda I, Kecko S, Krama T, Ilonen J, Rantala MJ. MHC Class II Heterozygosity Associated With Attractiveness of Men and Women. Evol Psychol 2021; 19:1474704921991994. [PMID: 33715474 PMCID: PMC10303478 DOI: 10.1177/1474704921991994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The genes of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), which plays a fundamental role in the immune system, are some of the most diverse genes in vertebrates and have been connected to mate choice in several species, including humans. While studies suggest a positive relationship between MHC diversity and male facial attractiveness, the connection of MHC diversity to other visual traits and female attractiveness is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate further whether MHC heterozygosity, indicating genetic quality, is associated with visual traits affecting mate preferences in humans. In total 74 Latvian men and 49 women were genotyped for several MHC loci and rated for facial and, in men, also body attractiveness. The results indicate a preference for MHC heterozygous female and male faces. However, the initially positive relationship between MHC heterozygosity and facial attractiveness becomes non-significant in females, when controlling for multiple testing, and in males, when age and fat content is taken into account, referring to the importance of adiposity in immune function and thus also attractiveness. Thus overall the effect of MHC heterozygosity on attractiveness seems weak. When considering separate loci, we show that the main gene related to facial attractiveness is the MHC class II DQB1; a gene important also in viral infections and autoimmune diseases. Indeed, in our study, heterozygous individuals are rated significantly more attractive than their homozygous counterparts, only in relation to gene DQB1. This study is the first to indicate a link between DQB1 and attractiveness in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Indrikis Krams
- Department of Biology, Section of Ecology, University of Turku, Finland
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences,
University of Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Life Sciences and Technologies, Daugavpils University, Latvia
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology,
Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Rīga, Latvia
| | - Vinet Coetzee
- Department of Genetics, 56410University of
Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - Ilona Skrinda
- Department of Biology, Section of Ecology, University of Turku, Finland
- Daugavpils Regional Hospital, Daugavpils,
Latvia
| | - Sanita Kecko
- Institute of Life Sciences and Technologies, Daugavpils University, Latvia
| | - Tatjana Krama
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences,
University of Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Life Sciences and Technologies, Daugavpils University, Latvia
| | - Jorma Ilonen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of
Biomedicine, University of Turku, Finland
- Clinical Microbiology, Turku University
Hospital, Finland
| | - Markus J. Rantala
- Department of Biology, Section of Ecology, University of Turku, Finland
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3
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Krams I, Luoto S, Rubika A, Krama T, Elferts D, Krams R, Kecko S, Skrinda I, Moore FR, Rantala MJ. A head start for life history development? Family income mediates associations between height and immune response in men. Am J Phys Anthropol 2018; 168:421-427. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Indrikis Krams
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences; University of Tartu; Tartu Estonia
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Faculty of Biology; University of Latvia; Rīga Latvia
- Department of Biotechnology; Daugavpils University; Daugavpils Latvia
| | - Severi Luoto
- English, Drama and Writing Studies; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
- School of Psychology; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Anna Rubika
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology; Daugavpils University; Daugavpils Latvia
| | - Tatjana Krama
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences; University of Tartu; Tartu Estonia
- Department of Biotechnology; Daugavpils University; Daugavpils Latvia
| | - Didzis Elferts
- Department of Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Biology; University of Latvia; Rīga Latvia
| | - Ronalds Krams
- Department of Biotechnology; Daugavpils University; Daugavpils Latvia
| | - Sanita Kecko
- Department of Biotechnology; Daugavpils University; Daugavpils Latvia
| | | | - Fhionna R. Moore
- School of Psychology; University of Dundee; Dundee United Kingdom
| | - Markus J. Rantala
- Department of Biology; University of Turku; Turku Finland
- Turku Brain and Mind Centre; University of Turku; Turku Finland
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4
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Kirilova E, Kecko S, Mežaraupe L, Gavarāne I, Pučkins A, Mickeviča I, Rubeniņa I, Osipovs S, Bulanovs A, Pupiņš M, Kirjušina M. Novel luminescent dyes for confocal laser scanning microscopy used in Trematoda parasite diagnostics. Acta Biochim Pol 2018; 65:449-454. [PMID: 30148507 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2018_2574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Benzanthrone derivates are now widely used in many industrial and scientific applications as dyes for polymers and textiles. In biochemical, biomedical and diagnostics investigations benzanthrone dyes are used as a lipophilic fluorescent probe since many benzanthrone derivates demonstrate bright fluorescence and they have ability to intercalate between membrane lipids. The aim of research presented here was to assess the luminescence ability of benzanthrone derivatives using microscopic visualization of biological objects. Accordingly, specimens of freshwater trematodes: Diplostomum spathaceum, Diplodiscus subclavatus and Prosotocus confusus, were stained by novel benzanthrone dyes using different fixatives. The samples were examined under a confocal laser scanning microscope. All of the dyes tested demonstrated good results for digestive and reproductive system visualization. Based on obtained results we conclude that benzanthrone dyes could be used for internal and external structure confocal laser scanning microscopic imaging of trematode specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kirilova
- Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Sanita Kecko
- Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Department of Ecology, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Ligita Mežaraupe
- Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Department of Ecology, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Inese Gavarāne
- Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Aleksandrs Pučkins
- Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Ilona Mickeviča
- Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Ilze Rubeniņa
- Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Department of Ecology, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Sergejs Osipovs
- Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Andrejs Bulanovs
- Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Department of Technology, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Mihails Pupiņš
- Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Department of Ecology, Daugavpils, Latvia
- Latgales Zoo, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Muza Kirjušina
- Daugavpils University, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Department of Ecology, Daugavpils, Latvia
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5
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Kangassalo K, Valtonen TM, Sorvari J, Kecko S, Pölkki M, Krams I, Krama T, Rantala MJ. Independent and interactive effects of immune activation and larval diet on adult immune function, growth and development in the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella). J Evol Biol 2018; 31:1485-1497. [PMID: 29957883 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Organisms in the wild are likely to face multiple immune challenges as well as additional ecological stressors, yet their interactive effects on immune function are poorly understood. Insects are found to respond to cues of increased infection risk by enhancing their immune capacity. However, such adaptive plasticity in immune function may be limited by physiological and environmental constraints. Here, we investigated the effects of two environmental stressors - poor larval diet and an artificial parasite-like immune challenge at the pupal stage - on adult immune function, growth and development in the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella). Males whose immune system was activated with an artificial parasite-like immune challenge had weaker immune response - measured as strength of encapsulation response - as adults compared to the control groups, but only when reared on high-nutrition larval diet. Immune activation did not negatively affect adult immune response in males reared on low-nutrition larval diet, indicating that poor larval diet improved the capacity of the insects to respond to repeated immune challenges. Low-nutrition larval diet also had a positive independent effect on immune capacity in females, yet it negatively affected development time and adult body mass in both sexes. As in the nature immune challenges are rarely isolated, and adverse nutritional environment may indicate an elevated risk of infection, resilience to repeated immune challenges as a response to poor nutritional conditions could provide a significant fitness advantage. This study highlights the importance of considering environmental context when investigating the effects of immune activation in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Terhi M Valtonen
- Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jouni Sorvari
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sanita Kecko
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Daugavpils, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Mari Pölkki
- Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Indrikis Krams
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Daugavpils, Daugavpils, Latvia.,Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Rīga, Latvia
| | - Tatjana Krama
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Daugavpils, Daugavpils, Latvia.,Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Science, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Markus J Rantala
- Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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6
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Krams I, Trakimas G, Kecko S, Elferts D, Krams R, Luoto S, Rantala MJ, Mänd M, Kuusik A, Kekäläinen J, Jõers P, Kortet R, Krama T. Linking organismal growth, coping styles, stress reactivity, and metabolism via responses against a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in an insect. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8599. [PMID: 29872133 PMCID: PMC5988682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26722-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that brain serotonin (5-HT) is one of the central mediators of different types of animal personality. We tested this assumption in field crickets Gryllus integer using a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Crickets were selected for slow and rapid development and tested for their coping styles under non-stressful conditions (time spent exploring a novel object). Resting metabolic rate, maximum metabolic rate and latency to resume activity were measured under stressful conditions (stress reactivity). Measurements were taken (i) before and (ii) during the SSRI treatment. Before the SSRI treatment, a strong negative correlation was observed between coping style and stress reactivity, which suggests the existence of a behavioral syndrome. After the SSRI treatment, the syndrome was no longer evident. The results of this study show that 5-HT may be involved in regulating behavior not only along a stress reactivity gradient but also along a coping styles axis. The relationship between personality and the strength and direction of 5-HT treatment on observed behaviors indicates trait-like individual differences in 5-HT signaling. Overall, these findings do not support recent ideas arising from the pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) hypothesis, which predict higher exploration and metabolic rates in rapidly developing bold animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrikis Krams
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Rīga, Latvia.
- University of Tennessee, Department of Psychology, Knoxville, USA.
| | - Giedrius Trakimas
- Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Sanita Kecko
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Didzis Elferts
- Department of Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Rīga, Latvia
| | - Ronalds Krams
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Severi Luoto
- English, Drama and Writing Studies, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Markus J Rantala
- Department of Biology & Turku Brain and Mind Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marika Mänd
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Science, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Aare Kuusik
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Science, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jukka Kekäläinen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Priit Jõers
- Insttute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Raine Kortet
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Tatjana Krama
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, Daugavpils, Latvia
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Science, Tartu, Estonia
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7
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Krams IA, Kecko S, Jõers P, Trakimas G, Elferts D, Krams R, Luoto S, Rantala MJ, Inashkina I, Gudrā D, Fridmanis D, Contreras-Garduño J, Grantiņa-Ieviņa L, Krama T. Microbiome symbionts and diet diversity incur costs on the immune system of insect larvae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 220:4204-4212. [PMID: 28939559 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.169227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Communities of symbiotic microorganisms that colonize the gastrointestinal tract play an important role in food digestion and protection against opportunistic microbes. Diet diversity increases the number of symbionts in the intestines, a benefit that is considered to impose no cost for the host organism. However, less is known about the possible immunological investments that hosts have to make in order to control the infections caused by symbiont populations that increase because of diet diversity. Using taxonomical composition analysis of the 16S rRNA V3 region, we show that enterococci are the dominating group of bacteria in the midgut of the larvae of the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella). We found that the number of colony-forming units of enterococci and expressions of certain immunity-related antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes such as Gallerimycin, Gloverin, 6-tox, Cecropin-D and Galiomicin increased in response to a more diverse diet, which in turn decreased the encapsulation response of the larvae. Treatment with antibiotics significantly lowered the expression of all AMP genes. Diet and antibiotic treatment interaction did not affect the expression of Gloverin and Galiomicin AMP genes, but significantly influenced the expression of Gallerimycin, 6-tox and Cecropin-D Taken together, our results suggest that diet diversity influences microbiome diversity and AMP gene expression, ultimately affecting an organism's capacity to mount an immune response. Elevated basal levels of immunity-related genes (Gloverin and Galiomicin) might act as a prophylactic against opportunistic infections and as a mechanism that controls the gut symbionts. This would indicate that a diverse diet imposes higher immunity costs on organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrikis A Krams
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia .,Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, 1004 Rīga, Latvia.,University of Tennessee, Department of Psychology, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Sanita Kecko
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, 5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Priit Jõers
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Giedrius Trakimas
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, 5401 Daugavpils, Latvia.,Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Didzis Elferts
- Department of Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, 1004 Rīga, Latvia
| | - Ronalds Krams
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, 5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Severi Luoto
- English, Drama and Writing Studies, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.,School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Markus J Rantala
- Department of Biology & Turku Brain and Mind Centre, University of Turku, Turku 20014, Finland
| | - Inna Inashkina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, 1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Dita Gudrā
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, 1067 Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Jorge Contreras-Garduño
- Ecuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia 58190, Mexico
| | | | - Tatjana Krama
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, 5401 Daugavpils, Latvia.,Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Science, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
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8
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Kecko S, Mihailova A, Kangassalo K, Elferts D, Krama T, Krams R, Luoto S, Rantala MJ, Krams IA. Sex-specific compensatory growth in the larvae of the greater wax mothGalleria mellonella. J Evol Biol 2017; 30:1910-1918. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Kecko
- Department of Biotechnology; Institute of Life Sciences and Technology; Daugavpils University; Daugavpils Latvia
| | - A. Mihailova
- Department of Biotechnology; Institute of Life Sciences and Technology; Daugavpils University; Daugavpils Latvia
| | - K. Kangassalo
- Department of Biology; University of Turku; Turku Finland
| | - D. Elferts
- Department of Botany and Ecology; University of Latvia; Rīga Latvia
| | - T. Krama
- Department of Biotechnology; Institute of Life Sciences and Technology; Daugavpils University; Daugavpils Latvia
- Department of Plant Protection; Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences; Estonian University of Life Science; Tartu Estonia
| | - R. Krams
- Department of Biotechnology; Institute of Life Sciences and Technology; Daugavpils University; Daugavpils Latvia
| | - S. Luoto
- English, Drama and Writing Studies; School of Psychology; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
| | - M. J. Rantala
- Department of Biology; University of Turku; Turku Finland
| | - I. A. Krams
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology; University of Latvia; Rīga Latvia
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences; University of Tartu; Tartu Estonia
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9
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Krams IA, Rumvolt K, Saks L, Krams R, Elferts D, Vrublevska J, Rantala MJ, Kecko S, Cīrule D, Luoto S, Krama T. Reproduction compromises adaptive immunity in a cyprinid fish. Ecol Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-017-1467-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Rantala MJ, Coetzee V, Moore FR, Skrinda I, Kecko S, Krama T, Kivleniece I, Krams I. Correction to ‘Adiposity, compared to masculinity, serves as a more valid cue to immunocompetence in human mate choice’. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 284:rspb.2017.0103. [DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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11
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Krams I, Kecko S, Kangassalo K, Moore FR, Jankevics E, Inashkina I, Krama T, Lietuvietis V, Meija L, Rantala MJ. Effects of food quality on trade-offs among growth, immunity and survival in the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella. Insect Sci 2015; 22:431-439. [PMID: 24771711 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The resources available to an individual in any given environment are finite, and variation in life history traits reflect differential allocation of these resources to competing life functions. Nutritional quality of food is of particular importance in these life history decisions. In this study, we tested trade-offs among growth, immunity and survival in 3 groups of greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) larvae fed on diets of high and average nutritional quality. We found rapid growth and weak immunity (as measured by encapsulation response) in the larvae of the high-energy food group. It took longer to develop on food of average nutritional quality. However, encapsulation response was stronger in this group. The larvae grew longer in the low-energy food group, and had the strongest encapsulation response. We observed the highest survival rates in larvae of the low-energy food group, while the highest mortality rates were observed in the high-energy food group. A significant negative correlation between body mass and the strength of encapsulation response was found only in the high-energy food group revealing significant competition between growth and immunity only at the highest rates of growth. The results of this study help to establish relationships between types of food, its nutritional value and life history traits of G. mellonella larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrikis Krams
- Institute of Systematic Biology, University of Daugavpils, 5401, Daugavpils, Latvia
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sanita Kecko
- Institute of Systematic Biology, University of Daugavpils, 5401, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Katariina Kangassalo
- Department of Biology, Section of Ecology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Fhionna R Moore
- School of Psychology, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Eriks Jankevics
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, 1067 Rīga, Latvia
| | - Inna Inashkina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, 1067 Rīga, Latvia
| | - Tatjana Krama
- Institute of Systematic Biology, University of Daugavpils, 5401, Daugavpils, Latvia
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Science, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | - Markus J Rantala
- Department of Biology, Section of Ecology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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Skrinda I, Krama T, Kecko S, Moore FR, Kaasik A, Meija L, Lietuvietis V, Rantala MJ, Krams I. Body height, immunity, facial and vocal attractiveness in young men. Naturwissenschaften 2014; 101:1017-25. [PMID: 25326093 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-014-1241-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Health, facial and vocal attributes and body height of men may affect a diverse range of social outcomes such as attractiveness to potential mates and competition for resources. Despite evidence that each parameter plays a role in mate choice, the relative role of each and inter-relationships between them, is still poorly understood. In this study, we tested relationships both between these parameters and with testosterone and immune function. We report positive relationships between testosterone with facial masculinity and attractiveness, and we found that facial masculinity predicted facial attractiveness and antibody response to a vaccine. Moreover, the relationship between antibody response to a hepatitis B vaccine and body height was found to be non-linear, with a positive relationship up to a height of 188 cm, but an inverse relationship in taller men. We found that vocal attractiveness was dependent upon vocal masculinity. The relationship between vocal attractiveness and body height was also non-linear, with a positive relationship of up to 178 cm, which then decreased in taller men. We did not find a significant relationship between body height and the fundamental frequency of vowel sounds provided by young men, while body height negatively correlated with the frequency of second formant. However, formant frequency was not associated with the strength of immune response. Our results demonstrate the potential of vaccination research to reveal costly traits that govern evolution of mate choice in humans and the importance of trade-offs among these traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Skrinda
- Institute of Systematic Biology, University of Daugavpils, 5401, Daugavpils, Latvia
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Rantala MJ, Coetzee V, Moore FR, Skrinda I, Kecko S, Krama T, Kivleniece I, Krams I. Facial attractiveness is related to women's cortisol and body fat, but not with immune responsiveness. Biol Lett 2013; 9:20130255. [PMID: 23697641 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2013.0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that facial attractiveness indicates immune responsiveness in men and that this relationship is moderated by stress hormones which interact with testosterone levels. However, studies testing whether facial attractiveness in women signals their immune responsiveness are lacking. Here, we photographed young Latvian women, vaccinated them against hepatitis B and measured the amount of specific antibodies produced, cortisol levels and percentage body fat. Latvian men rated the attractiveness of the women's faces. Interestingly, in women, immune responsiveness (amount of antibodies produced) did not predict facial attractiveness. Instead, plasma cortisol level was negatively associated with attractiveness, indicating that stressed women look less attractive. Fat percentage was curvilinearly associated with facial attractiveness, indicating that being too thin or too fat reduces attractiveness. Our study suggests that in contrast to men, facial attractiveness in women does not indicate immune responsiveness against hepatitis B, but is associated with two other aspects of long-term health and fertility: circulating levels of the stress hormone cortisol and percentage body fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus J Rantala
- Department of Biology, Section of Ecology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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Rantala MJ, Coetzee V, Moore FR, Skrinda I, Kecko S, Krama T, Kivleniece I, Krams I. Adiposity, compared with masculinity, serves as a more valid cue to immunocompetence in human mate choice. Proc Biol Sci 2013. [PMID: 23193134 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2012.2495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the 'good genes' hypothesis, females choose males based on traits that indicate the male's genetic quality in terms of disease resistance. The 'immunocompetence handicap hypothesis' proposed that secondary sexual traits serve as indicators of male genetic quality, because they indicate that males can contend with the immunosuppressive effects of testosterone. Masculinity is commonly assumed to serve as such a secondary sexual trait. Yet, women do not consistently prefer masculine looking men, nor is masculinity consistently related to health across studies. Here, we show that adiposity, but not masculinity, significantly mediates the relationship between a direct measure of immune response (hepatitis B antibody response) and attractiveness for both body and facial measurements. In addition, we show that circulating testosterone is more closely associated with adiposity than masculinity. These findings indicate that adiposity, compared with masculinity, serves as a more important cue to immunocompetence in female mate choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus J Rantala
- Department of Biology, Section of Ecology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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Rantala MJ, Moore FR, Skrinda I, Krama T, Kivleniece I, Kecko S, Krams I. Evidence for the stress-linked immunocompetence handicap hypothesis in humans. Nat Commun 2012; 3:694. [PMID: 22353724 PMCID: PMC4355638 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary sexual traits that develop under the action of testosterone, such as masculine human male facial characteristics, have been proposed to signal the strength of the immune system due to the sex hormone's immunosuppressive action. Recent work has suggested that glucocorticoid stress hormones may also influence expression of such sexual signals due to their effects on immune function. Precise roles, however, remain unclear. Here we show positive relationships between testosterone, facial attractiveness and immune function (antibody response to a hepatitis B vaccine) in human males, and present some preliminary evidence that these relationships are moderated by naturally co-occurring cortisol (a glucocorticoid stress hormone involved in the fight-or-flight response). We conclude that our results provide support for a role of glucocorticoids in hormonally mediated sexual selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus J. Rantala
- Department of Biology, Section of Ecology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Fhionna R. Moore
- Department of Psychology, Evolutionary and Biological Approaches to Behaviour Group, Abertay University, Bell Street, Dundee DD1 1HG, UK
| | - Ilona Skrinda
- Institute of Systematic Biology, University of Daugavpils, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Tatjana Krama
- Institute of Systematic Biology, University of Daugavpils, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Inese Kivleniece
- Institute of Systematic Biology, University of Daugavpils, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Sanita Kecko
- Institute of Systematic Biology, University of Daugavpils, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Indrikis Krams
- Department of Biology, Section of Ecology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- Institute of Systematic Biology, University of Daugavpils, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
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