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Wilding B, Scharn D, Böse D, Baum A, Santoro V, Chetta P, Schnitzer R, Botesteanu DA, Reiser C, Kornigg S, Knesl P, Hörmann A, Köferle A, Corcokovic M, Lieb S, Scholz G, Bruchhaus J, Spina M, Balla J, Peric-Simov B, Zimmer J, Mitzner S, Fett TN, Beran A, Lamarre L, Gerstberger T, Gerlach D, Bauer M, Bergner A, Schlattl A, Bader G, Treu M, Engelhardt H, Zahn S, Fuchs JE, Zuber J, Ettmayer P, Pearson M, Petronczki M, Kraut N, McConnell DB, Solca F, Neumüller RA. Discovery of potent and selective HER2 inhibitors with efficacy against HER2 exon 20 insertion-driven tumors, which preserve wild-type EGFR signaling. Nat Cancer 2022; 3:821-836. [PMID: 35883003 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00412-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Oncogenic alterations in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) occur in approximately 2% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer and predominantly affect the tyrosine kinase domain and cluster in exon 20 of the ERBB2 gene. Most clinical-grade tyrosine kinase inhibitors are limited by either insufficient selectivity against wild-type (WT) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is a major cause of dose-limiting toxicity or by potency against HER2 exon 20 mutant variants. Here we report the discovery of covalent tyrosine kinase inhibitors that potently inhibit HER2 exon 20 mutants while sparing WT EGFR, which reduce tumor cell survival and proliferation in vitro and result in regressions in preclinical xenograft models of HER2 exon 20 mutant non-small cell lung cancer, concomitant with inhibition of downstream HER2 signaling. Our results suggest that HER2 exon 20 insertion-driven tumors can be effectively treated by a potent and highly selective HER2 inhibitor while sparing WT EGFR, paving the way for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anke Baum
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Petr Knesl
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gerd Bader
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | - Johannes Zuber
- Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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2
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Schiel F, Peinsipp C, Kornigg S, Böse D. Front Cover: A 3D‐Printed Open Access Photoreactor Designed for Versatile Applications in Photoredox‐ and Photoelectrochemical Synthesis**. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schiel
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5–11 1121 Vienna Austria
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry University of Vienna Währinger Straße 38 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Christoph Peinsipp
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5–11 1121 Vienna Austria
| | - Stefan Kornigg
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5–11 1121 Vienna Austria
| | - Dietrich Böse
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5–11 1121 Vienna Austria
- Current address: Merck Healthcare KGaA Frankfurter Strasse 250 64293 Darmstadt Germany
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3
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Schiel F, Peinsipp C, Kornigg S, Böse D. A 3D‐Printed Open Access Photoreactor Designed for Versatile Applications in Photoredox‐ and Photoelectrochemical Synthesis. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schiel
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5–11 1121 Vienna Austria
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry University of Vienna Währinger Straße 38 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Christoph Peinsipp
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5–11 1121 Vienna Austria
| | - Stefan Kornigg
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5–11 1121 Vienna Austria
| | - Dietrich Böse
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5–11 1121 Vienna Austria
- Current address: Merck Healthcare KGaA Frankfurter Strasse 250 64293 Darmstadt Germany
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4
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Schiel F, Peinsipp C, Kornigg S, Böse D. A 3D‐Printed Open Access Photoreactor Designed for Versatile Applications in Photoredox‐ and Photoelectrochemical Synthesis**. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schiel
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5–11 1121 Vienna Austria
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry University of Vienna Währinger Straße 38 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Christoph Peinsipp
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5–11 1121 Vienna Austria
| | - Stefan Kornigg
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5–11 1121 Vienna Austria
| | - Dietrich Böse
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5–11 1121 Vienna Austria
- Current address: Merck Healthcare KGaA Frankfurter Strasse 250 64293 Darmstadt Germany
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5
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Ehrenhöfer-Wölfer K, Puchner T, Schwarz C, Rippka J, Blaha-Ostermann S, Strobl U, Hörmann A, Bader G, Kornigg S, Zahn S, Sommergruber W, Schweifer N, Zichner T, Schlattl A, Neumüller RA, Shi J, Vakoc CR, Kögl M, Petronczki M, Kraut N, Pearson MA, Wöhrle S. SMARCA2-deficiency confers sensitivity to targeted inhibition of SMARCA4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11661. [PMID: 31406271 PMCID: PMC6691015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48152-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
SMARCA4/BRG1 and SMARCA2/BRM, the two mutually exclusive catalytic subunits of the BAF complex, display a well-established synthetic lethal relationship in SMARCA4-deficient cancers. Using CRISPR-Cas9 screening, we identify SMARCA4 as a novel dependency in SMARCA2-deficient esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) models, reciprocal to the known synthetic lethal interaction. Restoration of SMARCA2 expression alleviates the dependency on SMARCA4, while engineered loss of SMARCA2 renders ESCC models vulnerable to concomitant depletion of SMARCA4. Dependency on SMARCA4 is linked to its ATPase activity, but not to bromodomain function. We highlight the relevance of SMARCA4 as a drug target in esophageal cancer using an engineered ESCC cell model harboring a SMARCA4 allele amenable to targeted proteolysis and identify SMARCA4-dependent cell models with low or absent SMARCA2 expression from additional tumor types. These findings expand the concept of SMARCA2/SMARCA4 paralog dependency and suggest that pharmacological inhibition of SMARCA4 represents a novel therapeutic opportunity for SMARCA2-deficient cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa Puchner
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, 1120, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Janine Rippka
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, 1120, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Ursula Strobl
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, 1120, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Gerd Bader
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, 1120, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Kornigg
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, 1120, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan Zahn
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, 1120, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Thomas Zichner
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, 1120, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Junwei Shi
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Manfred Kögl
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, 1120, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mark Petronczki
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, 1120, Vienna, Austria
| | - Norbert Kraut
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, 1120, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mark A Pearson
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, 1120, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon Wöhrle
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, 1120, Vienna, Austria.
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6
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Kessler D, Gmachl M, Mantoulidis A, Martin LJ, Zoephel A, Mayer M, Gollner A, Covini D, Fischer S, Gerstberger T, Gmaschitz T, Goodwin C, Greb P, Häring D, Hela W, Hoffmann J, Karolyi-Oezguer J, Knesl P, Kornigg S, Koegl M, Kousek R, Lamarre L, Moser F, Munico-Martinez S, Peinsipp C, Phan J, Rinnenthal J, Sai J, Salamon C, Scherbantin Y, Schipany K, Schnitzer R, Schrenk A, Sharps B, Siszler G, Sun Q, Waterson A, Wolkerstorfer B, Zeeb M, Pearson M, Fesik SW, McConnell DB. Drugging an undruggable pocket on KRAS. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:15823-15829. [PMID: 31332011 PMCID: PMC6689897 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1904529116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The 3 human RAS genes, KRAS, NRAS, and HRAS, encode 4 different RAS proteins which belong to the protein family of small GTPases that function as binary molecular switches involved in cell signaling. Activating mutations in RAS are among the most common oncogenic drivers in human cancers, with KRAS being the most frequently mutated oncogene. Although KRAS is an excellent drug discovery target for many cancers, and despite decades of research, no therapeutic agent directly targeting RAS has been clinically approved. Using structure-based drug design, we have discovered BI-2852 (1), a KRAS inhibitor that binds with nanomolar affinity to a pocket, thus far perceived to be "undruggable," between switch I and II on RAS; 1 is mechanistically distinct from covalent KRASG12C inhibitors because it binds to a different pocket present in both the active and inactive forms of KRAS. In doing so, it blocks all GEF, GAP, and effector interactions with KRAS, leading to inhibition of downstream signaling and an antiproliferative effect in the low micromolar range in KRAS mutant cells. These findings clearly demonstrate that this so-called switch I/II pocket is indeed druggable and provide the scientific community with a chemical probe that simultaneously targets the active and inactive forms of KRAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Kessler
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Gmachl
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Mantoulidis
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Laetitia J Martin
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Zoephel
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Moriz Mayer
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Gollner
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - David Covini
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Silke Fischer
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Gerstberger
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Teresa Gmaschitz
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Craig Goodwin
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Peter Greb
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Häring
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Hela
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann Hoffmann
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jale Karolyi-Oezguer
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petr Knesl
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Kornigg
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Manfred Koegl
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland Kousek
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lyne Lamarre
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Moser
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, D-88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Silvia Munico-Martinez
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Peinsipp
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jason Phan
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Jörg Rinnenthal
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jiqing Sai
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Christian Salamon
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Yvonne Scherbantin
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Schipany
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Schnitzer
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Schrenk
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernadette Sharps
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriella Siszler
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Alex Waterson
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37235
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Bernhard Wolkerstorfer
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Zeeb
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, D-88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Mark Pearson
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephen W Fesik
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37235
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37235
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Darryl B McConnell
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria;
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7
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Martin LJ, Koegl M, Bader G, Cockcroft XL, Fedorov O, Fiegen D, Gerstberger T, Hofmann MH, Hohmann AF, Kessler D, Knapp S, Knesl P, Kornigg S, Müller S, Nar H, Rogers C, Rumpel K, Schaaf O, Steurer S, Tallant C, Vakoc CR, Zeeb M, Zoephel A, Pearson M, Boehmelt G, McConnell D. Structure-Based Design of an in Vivo Active Selective BRD9 Inhibitor. J Med Chem 2016; 59:4462-75. [PMID: 26914985 PMCID: PMC4885110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
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Components of the chromatin remodelling
switch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) complex are recurrently mutated
in tumors, suggesting that altering the activity of the complex plays
a role in oncogenesis. However, the role that the individual subunits
play in this process is not clear. We set out to develop an inhibitor
compound targeting the bromodomain of BRD9 in order to evaluate its
function within the SWI/SNF complex. Here, we present the discovery
and development of a potent and selective BRD9 bromodomain inhibitor
series based on a new pyridinone-like scaffold. Crystallographic information
on the inhibitors bound to BRD9 guided their development with respect
to potency for BRD9 and selectivity against BRD4. These compounds
modulate BRD9 bromodomain cellular function and display antitumor
activity in an AML xenograft model. Two chemical probes, BI-7273 (1) and BI-9564 (2), were
identified that should prove to be useful in further exploring BRD9
bromodomain biology in both in vitro and in vivo settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manfred Koegl
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG , Vienna 1121, Austria
| | - Gerd Bader
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG , Vienna 1121, Austria
| | | | - Oleg Fedorov
- SGC, University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Dennis Fiegen
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG , Biberach 88400, Germany
| | | | - Marco H Hofmann
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG , Vienna 1121, Austria
| | - Anja F Hohmann
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory , Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, United States
| | - Dirk Kessler
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG , Vienna 1121, Austria
| | - Stefan Knapp
- SGC, University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Petr Knesl
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG , Vienna 1121, Austria
| | - Stefan Kornigg
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG , Vienna 1121, Austria
| | - Susanne Müller
- SGC, University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Herbert Nar
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG , Biberach 88400, Germany
| | | | - Klaus Rumpel
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG , Vienna 1121, Austria
| | - Otmar Schaaf
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG , Vienna 1121, Austria
| | - Steffen Steurer
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG , Vienna 1121, Austria
| | | | - Christopher R Vakoc
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory , Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, United States
| | - Markus Zeeb
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG , Biberach 88400, Germany
| | - Andreas Zoephel
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG , Vienna 1121, Austria
| | - Mark Pearson
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG , Vienna 1121, Austria
| | - Guido Boehmelt
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG , Vienna 1121, Austria
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