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Isotopic and proteomic evidence for communal stability at Pre-Pottery Neolithic Jericho in the Southern Levant. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16360. [PMID: 37773428 PMCID: PMC10542335 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43549-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the key, long-term occupied sites in the Southern Levant, Jericho was one of the most important early Neolithic centres to witness social and economic changes associated with the domestication of plants and animals. This study applies strontium (87Sr/86Sr), oxygen (δ18O) and carbon (δ13C) isotope analyses to the enamel of 52 human teeth from Pre-Pottery Neolithic (PPN) layers of Jericho to directly study human diet and mobility and investigate the degree of consolidation and the flexibility of social organization of Jericho society in the PPN period. The results indicate only two non-local individuals out of the 44 sampled inhabitants identified by strontium isotope analysis and are consistent with the presence of a largely sedentary community at PPN Jericho with no evidence for large-scale migration. We also construct strontium spatial baselines (87Sr/86Sr map) with local 87Sr/86Sr signatures for the sites across the Southern Levant based on systematic compilation and analysis of available data. In addition, we apply proteomic analysis of sex-specific amelogenin peptides in tooth enamel for sex estimation of the sampled individuals (n = 44), the results of which showed a sex-biased ratio (more male than female detected in this sample pool) in Jericho society during the PPN period, which may be due to the limited sample size or selective ritual practices like particular burial zones used for specific groups. We also pretreated a batch of human bone samples recovered from PPNB Jericho for stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses for dietary investigations. However, the extracted collagen showed poor preservation and no valid δ13C or δ15N data were obtained.
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Archaeometric evidence for the earliest exploitation of lignite from the bronze age Eastern Mediterranean. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24185. [PMID: 34921192 PMCID: PMC8683508 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03544-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the earliest evidence for the exploitation of lignite (brown coal) in Europe and sheds new light on the use of combustion fuel sources in the 2nd millennium BCE Eastern Mediterranean. We applied Thermal Desorption/Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Polarizing Microscopy to the dental calculus of 67 individuals and we identified clear evidence for combustion markers embedded within this calculus. In contrast to the scant evidence for combustion markers within the calculus samples from Egypt, all other individuals show the inhalation of smoke from fires burning wood identified as Pinaceae, in addition to hardwood, such as oak and olive, and/or dung. Importantly, individuals from the Palatial Period at the Mycenaean citadel of Tiryns and the Cretan harbour site of Chania also show the inhalation of fire-smoke from lignite, consistent with the chemical signature of sources in the northwestern Peloponnese and Western Crete respectively. This first evidence for lignite exploitation was likely connected to and at the same time enabled Late Bronze Age Aegean metal and pottery production, significantly by both male and female individuals.
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Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Human mobility at Tell Atchana (Alalakh), Hatay, Turkey during the 2nd millennium BC: Integration of isotopic and genomic evidence. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0241883. [PMID: 34191795 PMCID: PMC8244877 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Middle and Late Bronze Age, a period roughly spanning the 2nd millennium BC (ca. 2000–1200 BC) in the Near East, is frequently referred to as the first ‘international age’, characterized by intense and far-reaching contacts between different entities from the eastern Mediterranean to the Near East and beyond. In a large-scale tandem study of stable isotopes and ancient DNA of individuals excavated at Tell Atchana (Alalakh, located in Hatay, Turkey), we explored the role of mobility at the capital of a regional kingdom, named Mukish during the Late Bronze Age, which spanned the Amuq Valley and some areas beyond. We generated strontium and oxygen isotope data from dental enamel for 53 individuals and 77 individuals, respectively, and added ancient DNA data of 10 newly sequenced individuals to a dataset of 27 individuals published in 2020. Additionally, we improved the DNA coverage of one individual from this 2020 dataset. The DNA data revealed a very homogeneous gene pool. This picture of an overwhelmingly local ancestry was consistent with the evidence of local upbringing in most of the individuals indicated by the isotopic data, where only five were found to be non-local. High levels of contact, trade, and exchange of ideas and goods in the Middle and Late Bronze Ages, therefore, seem not to have translated into high levels of individual mobility detectable at Tell Atchana.
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Überwachung der Sedierung in der Endoskopie mit künstlicher Intelligenz. DER GASTROENTEROLOGE 2021; 16:17-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s11377-020-00494-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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Genomic History of Neolithic to Bronze Age Anatolia, Northern Levant, and Southern Caucasus. Cell 2020; 181:1158-1175.e28. [PMID: 32470401 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report genome-wide data analyses from 110 ancient Near Eastern individuals spanning the Late Neolithic to Late Bronze Age, a period characterized by intense interregional interactions for the Near East. We find that 6th millennium BCE populations of North/Central Anatolia and the Southern Caucasus shared mixed ancestry on a genetic cline that formed during the Neolithic between Western Anatolia and regions in today's Southern Caucasus/Zagros. During the Late Chalcolithic and/or the Early Bronze Age, more than half of the Northern Levantine gene pool was replaced, while in the rest of Anatolia and the Southern Caucasus, we document genetic continuity with only transient gene flow. Additionally, we reveal a genetically distinct individual within the Late Bronze Age Northern Levant. Overall, our study uncovers multiple scales of population dynamics through time, from extensive admixture during the Neolithic period to long-distance mobility within the globalized societies of the Late Bronze Age. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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[Recommendations for Performing Bronchoscopy in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic - Update 12/2020]. Pneumologie 2020; 75:187-190. [PMID: 33307556 PMCID: PMC8043672 DOI: 10.1055/a-1320-8250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Die Pandemie ausgelöst durch SARS-CoV-19 geht weltweit unverändert mit einer bedeutsamen Morbidität und Mortalität einher, sodass Schutzmaßnahmen zur Verhinderung der Transmission des Virus weiterhin notwendig sind. Mitarbeiter im Gesundheitswesen sind einem höheren Risiko ausgesetzt, und dies gilt insbesondere im Rahmen sog. Aerosol-generierender Verfahren wie der Bronchoskopie. Seit der Veröffentlichung konsentierter Empfehlungen zur Durchführung einer Bronchoskopie unter diesen Bedingungen vor mehr als einem halben Jahr hat sich die Gefahrenlage nicht wesentlich verändert, aber aufgrund des erheblichen Erkenntnisgewinns in der Zwischenzeit war ein Update der Empfehlungen notwendig. Die erneuerten Empfehlungen umfassen u. a. die Verminderung der Aerosolentstehung, den persönlichen Schutz der beteiligten Personen sowie Maßnahmen zur besseren Organisation der Abläufe in der Endoskopie, um eine sichere Durchführung auch in Zeiten von COVID-19 zu gewährleisten.
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1244P Durvalumab after definitive radiochemotherapy (RCT) in locally advanced unresectable NSCLC: Real-world data on survival and safety from the German expanded access program (EAP). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Abstract
COVID-19, caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is a new and ongoing infectious disease affecting healthcare systems worldwide. Healthcare worker are at high risk for COIVD-19 and many have been infected or even died in countries severely affected by COVID-19 like China or Italy. Bronchoscopy causes cough and aerosol production and has to be considered a significant risk for the staff to get infected. Particular recommendations should guide to prevent spreading COVID-19 and to protect healthcare worker when performing a bronchoscopy.
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Positionspapier der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Thoraxchirurgie in Kooperation mit der Deutschen Röntgengesellschaft: Strukturvoraussetzungen von Zentren für die interventionelle Emphysemtherapie. Pneumologie 2020; 74:17-23. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1069-2474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDie interventionelle Emphysemtherapie bietet ein breites Spektrum an chirurgischen und endoskopischen Optionen zur Behandlung von Patienten mit fortgeschrittenem Lungenemphysem. Zur Sicherstellung der Behandlungsqualität ist eine interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit von Pneumologie, Thoraxchirurgie und bildgebenden Disziplinen in der Auswahl, Therapie und Nachsorge von Emphysem-Patienten erforderlich. Das vorliegende Positionspapier beschreibt erforderliche Struktur- und Qualitätsvoraussetzungen von Behandlungszentren.
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EP1.01-43 Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy - A Useful Combination? J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Reconciling material cultures in archaeology with genetic data: The nomenclature of clusters emerging from archaeogenomic analysis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13003. [PMID: 30158639 PMCID: PMC6115390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31123-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide ancient DNA analysis of skeletons retrieved from archaeological excavations has provided a powerful new tool for the investigation of past populations and migrations. An important objective for the coming years is to properly integrate ancient genomics into archaeological research. This article aims to contribute to developing a better understanding and cooperation between the two disciplines and beyond. It focuses on the question of how best to name clusters encountered when analysing the genetic makeup of past human populations. Recent studies have frequently borrowed archaeological cultural designations to name these genetic groups, while neglecting the historically problematic nature of the concept of cultures in archaeology. After reviewing current practices in naming genetic clusters, we introduce three possible nomenclature systems ('numeric system', 'mixed system (a)', 'geographic-temporal system') along with their advantages and challenges.
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Liquid Biopsy bei Lungenkarzinom-Patienten – Untersuchungen zur Standardisierung der Präanalytik. Pneumologie 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1619212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Therapieffekte auch bei fehlender direkter Behandlung – Bronchiale Thermoplastie nach modifiziertem Protokoll (MOABIT-Studie). Pneumologie 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1619280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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EBUS in der Pädiatrie – Ein hilfreiches Zusatztool. Pneumologie 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1619229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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DNA-Methylierungsmarker PTGER4 und SHOX2 erleichtern die Diagnose von Lungenkrebs bei Patienten mit auffälligem CT-Thorax Befund. Pneumologie 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1619258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Prospektive Machbarkeitsstudie zur regelhaften Integration der linken Nebenniere bei Durchführung eines EBUS zur Abklärung von Lungentumoren. Pneumologie 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1619281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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P3.13-033 DNA Methylation of PTGER4 and SHOX2 in Liquid Biopsies Facilitates the Diagnosis of Lung Malignancy After Chest CT-Scan. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ein Jahr Untersuchungen nach §62 Asylverfahrensgesetz durch das Gesundheitsamt Mannheim: Ergebnisse des Tuberkulosescreenings bei 13.327 erwachsenen Flüchtlingen. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1601950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bronchiale Thermoplastie bei symptomatischem Asthma unter Einbeziehung des Mittellappenbronchus ist sicher und verbessert signifikant Lungenfunktion und Lebensqualität. Pneumologie 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Biodegradierbare Stents: Senkung der Interventionsfrequenz in der Behandlung narbiger Stenosen der zentralen Atemwege. Pneumologie 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Spigot – Ein effektives Verfahren bei peripherer pulmonaler Blutung. Pneumologie 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Biodegradierbare Stents: Eine Therapieoption für narbige Stenosen der zentralen Atemwege. Pneumologie 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1572194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Bronchiale Thermoplastie – Eigene Erfahrungen der Methodik, Patientenselektion und erste Ergebnisse. Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1396572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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5.5-7.5 MeV proton generation by a moderate-intensity ultrashort-pulse laser interaction with H2O nanowire targets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:134801. [PMID: 21517389 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.134801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first generation of 5.5-7.5 MeV protons by a moderate-intensity short-pulse laser (∼5×10(17) W/cm(2), 40 fsec) interacting with frozen H(2)O nanometer-size structure droplets (snow nanowires) deposited on a sapphire substrate. In this setup, the laser intensity is locally enhanced by the snow nanowire, leading to high spatial gradients. Accordingly, the nanoplasma is subject to enhanced ponderomotive potential, and confined charge separation is obtained. Electrostatic fields of extremely high intensities are produced over the short scale length, and protons are accelerated to MeV-level energies.
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EBUS: Ergebnisse in der klinischen Routine und erweiterte Anwendungen. Pneumologie 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2010-1268883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kardiale Rekompensation eines schwersten Cor pulmonale unter nicht invasiver Beatmung – Ein Fallbericht. Pneumologie 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2009-1242148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Verlauf von Wasserstoffperoxid im Atemkondensat als Inflammationsmarker bei Patienten mit COPD. Pneumologie 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1213922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Verlauf von Wasserstoffperoxid im Atemkondensat als Inflammationsmarker bei Patienten mit COPD. Pneumologie 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1096560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Erlotinib – Auswertung des EA-Programms. Pneumologie 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-988769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
To evaluate the incidence of therapy-related acute leukaemia (t-AL) after single-agent mitoxantrone (MITO) treatment, we reviewed medical records of patients in three studies of single-agent MITO therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS) and existing literature on MITO therapy in MS, leukaemia, and solid tumors. Of 1378 MITO recipients in the three MS studies (mean cumulative dose of 60 mg/m2 and mean follow-up of 36 months), one patient had t-AL, an observed incidence proportion of 0.07% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.00-0.40%]. There were no cases of t-AL in published reports of nine additional studies of single-agent MITO therapy for MS. There was one published case report of acute promyelocytic leukoemia detected five years after initiating MITO therapy for MS. The observed incidence proportion of t-AL is very low in patients who received MITO as single-agent therapy for MS. Although these observations provide preliminary reassurance, extended follow-up of these patients and those who receive higher cumulative doses of MITO is required to define the long-term risk of t-AL after MITO therapy for MS.
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