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Vinyes-Nadal M, Masbou J, Kümmel S, Gehre M, Imfeld G, Otero N, Torrentó C. Novel extraction methods and compound-specific isotope analysis of methoxychlor in environmental water and aquifer slurry samples. Sci Total Environ 2024; 931:172858. [PMID: 38714260 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Multi-element compound-specific stable isotope analysis (ME-CSIA) allows monitoring the environmental behavior and transformation of most common and persistent contaminants. Recent advancements in analytical techniques have extended the applicability of ME-CSIA to organic micropollutants, including pesticides. Nevertheless, the application of this methodology remains unexplored concerning harmful insecticides such as methoxychlor, a polar organochlorine pesticide usually detected in soil and groundwater. This study introduces methods for dual carbon and chlorine compound-specific stable isotope analysis (δ13C-CSIA and δ37Cl-CSIA) of both methoxychlor and its metabolite, methoxychlor olefin, with a sensitivity down to 10 and 100 mg/L, and a precision lower than 0.3 and 0.5 ‰ for carbon and chlorine CSIA, respectively. Additionally, three extraction and preconcentration techniques suitable for ME-CSIA of the target pesticides at environmentally relevant concentrations were also developed. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid-solid extraction (LSE) effectively extracted methoxychlor (107 ± 27 % and 87 ± 13 %, respectively) and its metabolite (91 ± 27 % and 106 ± 14 %, respectively) from water and aquifer slurry samples, respectively, with high accuracy (Δδ13C and Δδ37Cl ≤ ± 1 ‰). Combining CSIA with polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCISs) for the extraction of methoxychlor and methoxychlor olefin from water samples resulted in insignificant fractionation for POCIS-CSIA (Δδ13C ≤ ± 1 ‰). A relevant sorption of methoxychlor was detected within the polyethersulfones membranes of the POCISs resulting in temporary carbon isotope fractionation depending on the sorbed mass fraction during the first deployment days. This highlights the critical role of the interactions of polar analytes with POCIS sorbents and membranes in the performance of this method. Altogether, this study proposes a proof of concept for ME-CSIA of methoxychlor and its metabolites, opening the door for future investigations of their sources and transformation processes in contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martí Vinyes-Nadal
- Grup MAiMA, SGR Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Hidrogeologia (MAGH), Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Institut de Recerca de l'Aigua (IdRA), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jérémy Masbou
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS/ENGEES, ITES UMR 7063, Institut Terre et Environnement de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany.
| | - Matthias Gehre
- Department of Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany.
| | - Gwenaël Imfeld
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS/ENGEES, ITES UMR 7063, Institut Terre et Environnement de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Neus Otero
- Grup MAiMA, SGR Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Hidrogeologia (MAGH), Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Institut de Recerca de l'Aigua (IdRA), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Serra Húnter Fellowship, Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain.
| | - Clara Torrentó
- Grup MAiMA, SGR Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Hidrogeologia (MAGH), Departament de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Institut de Recerca de l'Aigua (IdRA), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Serra Húnter Fellowship, Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain.
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Horst A, Gehre M, Fahle M, Kümmel S. Continuous-Flow Stable Sulfur Isotope Analysis of Organic and Inorganic Compounds by EA-MC-ICPMS. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38738665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Elemental analysis (EA) coupled to isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) is a well-established method to derive stable isotope ratios of sulfur (34S/32S). Conversion of sulfur to SO2 by EA and measurement of SO2 isotopologues by IRMS represents the simplest and most versatile method to accomplish isotope measurement of sulfur even in bulk samples. Yet, interferences by oxygen isotopes in SO2 often impair the precision and trueness of measured results. In the current study, we coupled EA to multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) to establish a method that avoids such interferences due to direct measurement of S+ ions. In addition, measurement of the 33S/32S isotope ratios is possible, thus representing the first bulk method that is suitable to study mass-independent isotope fractionation (MIF). Analytical precision (σ) of available Ag2S and BaSO4 reference materials (RMs) was, on average, 0.2 mUr for δ33S and δ34S, never exceeding 0.3 mUr within this study (1 mUr = 1‰ = 0.001). Measured δ34S values of reference materials agreed within ±0.2 mUr of officially reported values. Measurement of wood samples yielded good precision (0.2 mUr) for sulfur amounts as low as 3.5 μg, but precision deteriorated for samples at lower sulfur contents due to poor peak shape. Finally, we explored cross-calibration of organic liquids separated via gas chromatography (GC) against solid RMs combusted via EA that avoids challenging offline conversion of RMs. Results indicate good precision (≤0.08 mUr) and acceptable trueness (≤0.34 mUr) for determination of δ34S, demonstrating the future potential of such an approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Horst
- Department Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Research and Development Centre for Post-Mining Areas, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Gaglower Str. 17-18, 03048 Cottbus, Germany
| | - Matthias Gehre
- Department Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marcus Fahle
- Research and Development Centre for Post-Mining Areas, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Gaglower Str. 17-18, 03048 Cottbus, Germany
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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Dent R, André F, Gonçalves A, Martin M, Schmid P, Schütz F, Kümmel S, Swain SM, Bilici A, Loirat D, Villalobos Valencia R, Im SA, Park YH, De Laurentis M, Colleoni M, Guarneri V, Bianchini G, Li H, Kirchmayer Machackova Z, Mouta J, Deurloo R, Gan X, Fan M, Mani A, Swat A, Cortés J. IMpassion132 double-blind randomised phase III trial of chemotherapy with or without atezolizumab for early relapsing unresectable locally advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2024:S0923-7534(24)00107-8. [PMID: 38755096 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors improve the efficacy of first-line chemotherapy for patients with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive unresectable locally advanced/metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (aTNBC), but randomised data in rapidly relapsing aTNBC are scarce. PATIENTS AND METHODS IMpassion132 (NCT03371017) enrolled patients with aTNBC relapsing <12 months after last chemotherapy dose (anthracycline and taxane required) or surgery for early TNBC. PD-L1 status was centrally assessed using SP142 before randomisation. Initially patients were enrolled irrespective of PD-L1 status. From August 2019, enrolment was restricted to PD-L1-positive (tumour immune cell ≥1%) aTNBC. Patients were randomised 1:1 to placebo or atezolizumab 1200 mg every 21 days with investigator-selected chemotherapy until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Stratification factors were chemotherapy regimen (carboplatin plus gemcitabine or capecitabine monotherapy), visceral (lung and/or liver) metastases and (initially) PD-L1 status. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), tested hierarchically in patients with PD-L1-positive tumours and then, if positive, in the modified intent-to-treat (mITT) population (all-comer patients randomised pre-August 2019). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR) and safety. RESULTS Among 354 patients with rapidly relapsing PD-L1-positive aTNBC, 68% had a disease-free interval of <6 months and 73% received carboplatin/gemcitabine. The OS hazard ratio was 0.93 (95% confidence interval 0.73-1.20, P = 0.59; median 11.2 months with placebo versus 12.1 months with atezolizumab). mITT and subgroup results were consistent. Median PFS was 4 months across treatment arms and populations. ORRs were 28% with placebo versus 40% with atezolizumab. Adverse events (predominantly haematological) were similar between arms and as expected with atezolizumab plus carboplatin/gemcitabine or capecitabine following recent chemotherapy exposure. CONCLUSIONS OS, which is dismal in patients with TNBC relapsing within <12 months, was not improved by adding atezolizumab to chemotherapy. A biology-based definition of intrinsic resistance to immunotherapy in aTNBC is urgently needed to develop novel therapies for these patients in next-generation clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dent
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - F André
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif
| | - A Gonçalves
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Marseille, France
| | - M Martin
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Schmid
- Barts Cancer Institute, Centre for Experimental Cancer Medicine, London, UK
| | - F Schütz
- University Breast Unit, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg
| | - S Kümmel
- Breast Unit, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen; Department of Gynecology with Breast Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S M Swain
- Georgetown University Medical Center and MedStar Health, Washington, USA
| | - A Bilici
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul Medipol University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - D Loirat
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - S-A Im
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul
| | - Y H Park
- Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M De Laurentis
- Department of Breast Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Giovanni Pascale, Napoli
| | - M Colleoni
- Division of Medical Senology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan
| | - V Guarneri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University of Padova, Padova; Medical Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova
| | - G Bianchini
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan; Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy. https://twitter.com/BianchiniGP
| | - H Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Breast Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Z Kirchmayer Machackova
- Global Product Development/Medical Affairs Oncology, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Mouta
- Global Product Development/Medical Affairs Oncology, Roche Farmacêutica Química Lda, Amadora, Portugal
| | - R Deurloo
- Translational Medicine Oncology gRED, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - X Gan
- Product Development Safety, Roche (China) Holding Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - M Fan
- Data Science, Hoffmann-La Roche Limited, Mississauga, Canada
| | - A Mani
- Global Product Development, Genentech/Roche, South San Francisco, USA
| | - A Swat
- Product Development Oncology, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Cortés
- International Breast Cancer Center (IBCC), Pangaea Oncology, Quironsalud Group, Barcelona; Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid; IOB Madrid, Hospital Beata Maria Ana, Madrid, Spain
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Burr DJ, Drauschke J, Kanevche K, Kümmel S, Stryhanyuk H, Heberle J, Perfumo A, Elsaesser A. Stable Isotope Probing-nanoFTIR for Quantitation of Cellular Metabolism and Observation of Growth-Dependent Spectral Features. Small 2024:e2400289. [PMID: 38708804 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
This study utilizes nanoscale Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (nanoFTIR) to perform stable isotope probing (SIP) on individual bacteria cells cultured in the presence of 13C-labelled glucose. SIP-nanoFTIR simultaneously quantifies single-cell metabolism through infrared spectroscopy and acquires cellular morphological information via atomic force microscopy. The redshift of the amide I peak corresponds to the isotopic enrichment of newly synthesized proteins. These observations of single-cell translational activity are comparable to those of conventional methods, examining bulk cell numbers. Observing cells cultured under conditions of limited carbon, SIP- nanoFTIR is used to identify environmentally-induced changes in metabolic heterogeneity and cellular morphology. Individuals outcompeting their neighboring cells will likely play a disproportionately large role in shaping population dynamics during adverse conditions or environmental fluctuations. Additionally, SIP-nanoFTIR enables the spectroscopic differentiation of specific cellular growth phases. During cellular replication, subcellular isotope distribution becomes more homogenous, which is reflected in the spectroscopic features dependent on the extent of 13C-13C mode coupling or to specific isotopic symmetries within protein secondary structures. As SIP-nanoFTIR captures single-cell metabolism, environmentally-induced cellular processes, and subcellular isotope localization, this technique offers widespread applications across a variety of disciplines including microbial ecology, biophysics, biopharmaceuticals, medicinal science, and cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Burr
- Department of Physics, Experimental Biophysics and Space Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janina Drauschke
- Department of Physics, Experimental Biophysics and Space Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katerina Kanevche
- Department of Physics, Experimental Molecular Biophysics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hryhoriy Stryhanyuk
- Department of Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joachim Heberle
- Department of Physics, Experimental Molecular Biophysics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Amedea Perfumo
- Department of Physics, Experimental Molecular Biophysics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems, Telegrafenberg, 14473, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andreas Elsaesser
- Department of Physics, Experimental Biophysics and Space Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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Liu X, Kümmel S, Wu L, Richnow HH. Tracking the transformation of persistent organic pollutants in food webs using multi element isotope and enantiomer fractionation. J Hazard Mater 2024; 469:134046. [PMID: 38513442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
In order to track the transformation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in food webs, field experiments were conducted at two sites using stable isotope and enantiomer fractionation concepts. The enantiomers of α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH) were selected as representative compounds for POPs. Isotope and enantiomer fractionation allowed the characterization of α-HCH enantiomer biotransformation processes along trophic levels of the food web - from soil and plants to animal livers, fat tissues and milk. The enrichment of heavy isotopes in soils, plants and sediments as well as the changes of enantiomer fractionation indicate that the biotransformation of α-HCH occurred in these compartments. Moreover, the increase of carbon and chlorine isotopic compositions as well as the changes of enantiomer fractionation of liver, fat tissues and milk demonstrated that the overall HCH exposure was much higher than estimates based on concentration levels, while the isotope and enantiomer fractionation revealed the enantiomer specific enantiomer uptake across the blood-brain barriers. Dual element isotope analysis suggested that complex transformation processes have occurred along the potential food web from the HCH sources over different environmental compartments to animal livers, fat tissues and milk. The results imply that the analyses of stable isotope compositions and concentrations has potential to reconstruct the exposure of higher organisms to POPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Langping Wu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Ecometrix Incorporated, 6800 Campobello Road, Mississauga, ON L5N 2L8, Canada; Isodetect GmbH, Deutscher Platz 5b, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hans H Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Isodetect GmbH, Deutscher Platz 5b, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Pusztai L, Denkert C, O'Shaughnessy J, Cortes J, Dent R, McArthur H, Kümmel S, Bergh J, Park YH, Hui R, Harbeck N, Takahashi M, Untch M, Fasching PA, Cardoso F, Zhu Y, Pan W, Tryfonidis K, Schmid P. Event-free survival by residual cancer burden with pembrolizumab in early-stage TNBC: exploratory analysis from KEYNOTE-522. Ann Oncol 2024; 35:429-436. [PMID: 38369015 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND KEYNOTE-522 demonstrated statistically significant improvements in pathological complete response (pCR) with neoadjuvant pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy and event-free survival (EFS) with neoadjuvant pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab in patients with high-risk, early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Prior studies have shown the prognostic value of the residual cancer burden (RCB) index to quantify the extent of residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In this preplanned exploratory analysis, we assessed RCB distribution and EFS within RCB categories by treatment group. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 1174 patients with stage T1c/N1-2 or T2-4/N0-2 TNBC were randomized 2 : 1 to pembrolizumab 200 mg or placebo every 3 weeks given with four cycles of paclitaxel + carboplatin, followed by four cycles of doxorubicin or epirubicin + cyclophosphamide. After surgery, patients received pembrolizumab or placebo for nine cycles or until recurrence or unacceptable toxicity. Primary endpoints are pCR and EFS. RCB is a prespecified exploratory endpoint. The association between EFS and RCB was assessed using a Cox regression model. RESULTS Pembrolizumab shifted patients into lower RCB categories across the entire spectrum compared with placebo. There were more patients in the pembrolizumab group with RCB-0 (pCR), and fewer patients in the pembrolizumab group with RCB-1, RCB-2, and RCB-3. The corresponding hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for EFS were 0.70 (0.38-1.31), 0.92 (0.39-2.20), 0.52 (0.32-0.82), and 1.24 (0.69-2.23). The most common first EFS events were distant recurrences, with fewer in the pembrolizumab group across all RCB categories. Among patients with RCB-0/1, more than half [21/38 (55.3%)] of all events were central nervous system recurrences, with 13/22 (59.1%) in the pembrolizumab group and 8/16 (50.0%) in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS Addition of pembrolizumab to chemotherapy resulted in fewer EFS events in the RCB-0, RCB-1, and RCB-2 categories, with the greatest benefit in RCB-2. These findings demonstrate that pembrolizumab not only increased pCR rates, but also improved EFS among most patients who do not have a pCR.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Female
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/mortality
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Neoplasm, Residual/pathology
- Middle Aged
- Paclitaxel/administration & dosage
- Paclitaxel/therapeutic use
- Paclitaxel/adverse effects
- Carboplatin/administration & dosage
- Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods
- Neoplasm Staging
- Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage
- Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use
- Cyclophosphamide/adverse effects
- Aged
- Adult
- Doxorubicin/therapeutic use
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Epirubicin/administration & dosage
- Epirubicin/therapeutic use
- Progression-Free Survival
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/methods
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/administration & dosage
- Double-Blind Method
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pusztai
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, USA.
| | - C Denkert
- Institute of Pathology, Philipps-University Marburg and University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - J O'Shaughnessy
- Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology, US Oncology Network, Dallas, USA
| | - J Cortes
- International Breast Cancer Center, Quironsalud Group, Barcelona; Universidad Europea de Madrid, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Dent
- National Cancer Center Singapore, Duke - National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - H McArthur
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - S Kümmel
- Breast Unit, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Gynecology with Breast Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Bergh
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Breast Cancer Centre, Cancer Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Solna, Sweden
| | - Y H Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - R Hui
- Westmead Breast Cancer Institute, Westmead Hospital and the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - N Harbeck
- Breast Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - M Takahashi
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Untch
- Breast Cancer Center, Helios Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin
| | - P A Fasching
- University Hospital Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - F Cardoso
- Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center/Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Y Zhu
- Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, USA
| | - W Pan
- Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, USA
| | | | - P Schmid
- Centre for Experimental Cancer Medicine, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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7
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Ottosen CF, Bjerg PL, Kümmel S, Richnow HH, Middeldorp P, Draborg H, Lemaire GG, Broholm MM. Natural attenuation of sulfonamides and metabolites in contaminated groundwater - Review, advantages and challenges of current documentation techniques. Water Res 2024; 254:121416. [PMID: 38489851 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Sulfonamides are applied worldwide as antibiotics. They are emerging contaminants of concern, as their presence in the environment may lead to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes. Sulfonamides are present in groundwater systems, which suggest their persistence under certain conditions, highlighting the importance of understanding natural attenuation processes in groundwater. Biodegradation is an essential process, as degradation of sulfonamides reduces the risk of antibiotic resistance spreading. In this review, natural attenuation, and in particular assessment of biodegradation, is evaluated for sulfonamides in groundwater systems. The current knowledge level on biodegradation is reviewed, and a scientific foundation is built based on sulfonamide degradation processes, pathways, metabolites and toxicity. An overview of bacterial species and related metabolites is provided. The main research effort has focused on aerobic conditions while investigations under anaerobic conditions are lacking. The level of implementation in research is laboratory scale; here we strived to bridge towards field application and assessment, by assessing approaches commonly used in monitored natural attenuation. Methods to document contaminant mass loss are assessed to be applicable for sulfonamides, while the approach is limited by a lack of reference standards for metabolites. Furthermore, additional information is required on relevant metabolites in order to improve risk assessments. Based on the current knowledge on biodegradation, it is suggested to use the presence of substituent-containing metabolites from breakage of the sulfonamide bridge as specific indicators of degradation. Microbial approaches are currently available for assessment of microbial community's capacities, however, more knowledge is required on indigenous bacteria capable of degrading sulfonamides and on the impact of environmental conditions on biodegradation. Compound specific stable isotope analysis shows great potential as an additional in situ method, but further developments are required to analyse for sulfonamides at environmentally relevant levels. Finally, in a monitored natural attenuation scheme it is assessed that approaches are available that can uncover some processes related to the fate of sulfonamides in groundwater systems. Nevertheless, there are still unknowns related to relevant bacteria and metabolites for risk assessment as well as the effect of environmental settings such as redox conditions. Alongside, uncovering the fate of sulfonamides in future research, the applicability of the natural attenuation documentation approaches will advance, and provide a step towards in situ remedial concepts for the frequently detected sulfonamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie F Ottosen
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Bygningstorvet, building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Poul L Bjerg
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Bygningstorvet, building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Hans H Richnow
- Department Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | | | | | - Gregory G Lemaire
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Bygningstorvet, building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mette M Broholm
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Bygningstorvet, building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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8
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Zhang X, Zheng Y, Su Z, Wang Z, Zhang J, Jia Z, Kümmel S, Qin C, Liu Y, Wang S, Nijenhuis I, Richnow HH. Anaerobic biotransformation of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers in aqueous condition: Dual CCl isotope fractionation and impact on microbial community compositions. Water Res 2024; 254:121389. [PMID: 38492479 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with high toxicity, lipid solubility, chemical stability. Despite the current ban on usage of Lindane, residual contamination cannot be ignored, and HCH are frequently detected in groundwater and threaten human health. Cultures capable of degrading α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, and δ-HCH individually have been enriched in anoxic aqueous conditions. Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA) was applied to examine the transformation mechanisms of different HCH isomers by the four enrichment cultures. 16S rRNA sequencing techniques were employed to examine the community composition of the enrichment cultures and detect changes in these communities resulting from adding individual HCH isomers. The results indicated that the ability of the enrichment cultures for dichloroelimination of HCH isomers was inconsistent. During dichloroelimination, different bond cleavage mode of β- and δ-HCH led to distinct isotopic effects. HCH isomers had significant impact on the microbial community, while different microbial communities showed comparable isotopic effects during the transformation of a specific HCH isomer. In addition, bacteria in the phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were proposed as the dominant dechlorinators. This study provides a novel perspective on the mode of bond cleavage during HCH dichloroelimination and the effect of HCH on microbial communities, which could potentially support the evaluation of HCH transformation by CSIA and their effects on the microecosystems of groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ziming Su
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhongjun Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Chengrong Qin
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Yaqing Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Shuangfei Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans H Richnow
- Department of Technical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany; Isodetect, Deutscher Platz 5b, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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9
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Hellmold N, Eberwein M, Phan MHT, Kümmel S, Einsle O, Deobald D, Adrian L. Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain CBDB1 takes up protons from the cytoplasm to reductively dehalogenate organohalides indicating a new modus of proton motive force generation. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1305108. [PMID: 38192294 PMCID: PMC10772276 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1305108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Proton translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane is a vital process for all organisms. Dehalococcoides strains are strictly anaerobic organohalide respiring bacteria that lack quinones and cytochromes but express a large membrane-bound protein complex (OHR complex) proposed to generate a proton gradient. However, its functioning is unclear. By using a dehalogenase-based enzyme activity assay with deuterium-labelled water in various experimental designs, we obtained evidence that the halogen atom of the halogenated electron acceptor is substituted with a proton from the cytoplasm. This suggests that the protein complex couples exergonic electron flux through the periplasmic subunits of the OHR complex to the endergonic transport of protons from the cytoplasm across the cytoplasmic membrane against the proton gradient to the halogenated electron acceptor. Using computational tools, we located two proton-conducting half-channels in the AlphaFold2-predicted structure of the OmeB subunit of the OHR complex, converging in a highly conserved arginine residue that could play a proton gatekeeper role. The cytoplasmic proton half-channel in OmeB is connected to a putative proton-conducting path within the reductive dehalogenase subunit. Our results indicate that the reductive dehalogenase and its halogenated substrate serve as both electron and proton acceptors, providing insights into the proton translocation mechanism within the OHR complex and contributing to a better understanding of energy conservation in D. mccartyi strains. Our results reveal a very simple mode of energy conservation in anaerobic bacteria, showing that proton translocation coupled to periplasmic electron flow might have importance also in other microbial processes and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Hellmold
- Department Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marie Eberwein
- Department Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - My Hanh Thi Phan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Oliver Einsle
- Institute of Biochemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Darja Deobald
- Department Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lorenz Adrian
- Department Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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10
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Bredum SK, Strathe AV, Jacobsen J, Christoffersen BØ, Gehre M, Kümmel S, Junghans P, Marcussen C. Quantifying energy expenditure in Göttingen Minipigs with the 13C-bicarbonate method under basal and drug-treated conditions. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 58:388-396. [PMID: 38057031 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Effective treatments of obesity focusing on energy expenditure (EE) are needed. To evaluate future EE-modulating drug candidates, appropriate animal models and methods to assess EE are needed. This study aimed to evaluate the stable isotope 13C-bicarbonate method (13C-BM) for estimating EE in Göttingen minipigs under basal and drug-treated conditions. Four experiments (Expt.1-4) were conducted to assess: 1) the 13C-BM reproducibility using breath sample collection (n = 8), on two consecutive days, 2) the effect of two dose levels (5 and 10 mg/kg body weight (BW)) of the mitochondrial uncoupler dinitrophenol (DNP) in a crossover design (n = 8), 3) sampling method agreement; blood vs. exhaled air (n = 6) and 4) 13C-BM using constant isotope infusion compared with indirect calorimetry (IC) (n = 3). Results correlated significantly (p < 0.001) between days (Expt.1), with an average coefficient of variance of 5.4 ± 2.3%. Administration of 10 mg DNP/kg BW increased (p < 0.01) EE by 33.2 ± 6.4% (Expt.2). Results based on different sampling methods correlated significantly (p < 0.001) and EE increased after 10 mg DNP/kg BW (p < 0.05) in Expt.3. However, results based on blood sampling were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than those of exhaled air. No effect of DNP and significantly different EE results (p < 0.05) was observed in a limited number of animals, when constant isotope infusion and blood sampling was compared with IC (Expt.4). In conclusion, the 13C-BM is useful for investigating treatment effects on EE in minipigs. However, further validation under standardized conditions is needed to provide accurate estimates of the 13C recovery factor and respiratory quotient, both of decisive importance when using the 13C-BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon K Bredum
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja V Strathe
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Matthias Gehre
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Junghans
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Caroline Marcussen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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11
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Liu X, Wu L, Kümmel S, Gehre M, Richnow HH. Determination of Stable Hydrogen Isotopic Composition and Isotope Enrichment Factor at Low Hydrogen Concentration. Anal Chem 2023; 95:16272-16278. [PMID: 37878670 PMCID: PMC10637740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Determination of stable hydrogen isotopic compositions (δ2H) is currently challenged to achieve a high detection limit for reaching the linear range where δ2H values are independent of concentration. Therefore, it is difficult to assess precise δ2H values for calculating the hydrogen isotope enrichment factor (εH) and for field application where the concentrations of contaminants are relatively low. In this study, a data treatment approach was developed to obtain accurate δ2H values below the linear range. The core concept was to use a logarithmic function to fit the δ2H values below the linear range and then adjust the δ2H values below the linear range into the linear range by using the fitted logarithmic equation. Moreover, the adjusted δ2H values were calibrated by using laboratory reference materials, e.g., n-alkanes. Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers were selected as examples of complex heteroatom-bearing compounds to develop the data treatment approach. This data treatment approach was then tested using δ2H values from a TCEP transformation experiment with OH radicals. Comparable δ2H values and εH between the low-concentration experiment and the reference experiment were obtained using the developed approach. Therefore, the developed data treatment approach enables a possibility of determining the hydrogen isotopic compositions of organic components in low concentrations. It is especially valuable for determining organic contaminants in environmental samples, which are usually present in low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department
of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre
for Environmental Research-UFZ,Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Langping Wu
- Department
of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre
for Environmental Research-UFZ,Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Ecometrix
Incorporated, 6800 Campobello
Road, Mississauga, ON L5N 2L8, Canada
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department
of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre
for Environmental Research-UFZ,Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Gehre
- Department
of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre
for Environmental Research-UFZ,Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans Hermann Richnow
- Department
of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre
for Environmental Research-UFZ,Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Isodetect
GmbH, Deutscher Platz
5b, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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12
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Davoudpour Y, Kümmel S, Musat N, Richnow HH, Schmidt M. Tracking deuterium uptake in hydroponically grown maize roots using correlative helium ion microscopy and Raman micro-spectroscopy. Plant Methods 2023; 19:71. [PMID: 37452400 PMCID: PMC10347822 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-01040-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Investigations into the growth and self-organization of plant roots is subject to fundamental and applied research in various areas such as botany, agriculture, and soil science. The growth activity of the plant tissue can be investigated by isotope labeling experiments with heavy water and subsequent detection of the deuterium in non-exchangeable positions incorporated into the plant biomass. Commonly used analytical methods to detect deuterium in plants are based on mass-spectrometry or neutron-scattering and they either suffer from elaborated sample preparation, destruction of the sample during analysis, or low spatial resolution. Confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy (CRM) can be considered a promising method to overcome the aforementioned challenges. The substitution of hydrogen with deuterium results in the measurable shift of the CH-related Raman bands. By employing correlative approaches with a high-resolution technique, such as helium ion microscopy (HIM), additional structural information can be added to CRM isotope maps and spatial resolution can be further increased. For that, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive workflow from sample preparation to data processing. RESULTS A workflow to prepare and analyze roots of hydroponically grown and deuterium labeled Zea mays by correlative HIM-CRM micro-analysis was developed. The accuracy and linearity of deuterium detection by CRM were tested and confirmed with samples of deuterated glucose. A set of root samples taken from deuterated Zea mays in a time-series experiment was used to test the entire workflow. The deuterium content in the roots measured by CRM was close to the values obtained by isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. As expected, root tips being the most actively growing root zone had incorporated the highest amount of deuterium which increased with increasing time of labeling. Furthermore, correlative HIM-CRM analysis allowed for obtaining the spatial distribution pattern of deuterium and lignin in root cross-sections. Here, more active root zones with higher deuterium incorporation showed less lignification. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that CRM in combination with deuterium labeling can be an alternative and reliable tool for the analysis of plant growth. This approach together with the developed workflow has the potential to be extended to complex systems such as plant roots grown in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalda Davoudpour
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Niculina Musat
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans Hermann Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmidt
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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13
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Liu X, Kümmel S, Trapp S, Richnow HH. Uptake and Transformation of Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers (HCHs) in Tree Growth Rings at a Contaminated Field Site. Environ Sci Technol 2023. [PMID: 37267390 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The potential transformation of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs) within tree trunks could have a significant impact on the use of phytoscreening. However, the transformation mechanisms of HCH in trunks particularly in growth rings are not yet well understood. Therefore, a field study on an HCH-contaminated field site was conducted to investigate the fate of HCH, particularly α-HCH in tree trunks using multielement compound-specific isotope analysis (ME-CSIA) and enantiomer fractionation. The results indicate that α-HCH was transformed, as evidenced by higher δ13C and δ37Cl values detected across different growth ring sections and in the bark compared to those in muck and soil. Remarkably, in the middle growth ring section, δ13C values of HCH were only marginally higher or comparable to those in muck, whereas δ37Cl values were higher than those of the muck, indicating a different transformation mechanism. Moreover, the δ37Cl values of β-HCH also increased in the tree trunks compared to those in soil and muck, implying a transformation of β-HCH. Additionally, dual-element isotope analysis revealed that there are different transformation mechanisms between the middle growth rings and other sections. Our findings suggest that the transformation of HCHs in trunks could bias quantitative phytoscreening approaches; however, ME-CISA offers an option to estimate the degradation extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Trapp
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 115, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hans Hermann Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Isodetect GmbH, Deutscher Platz 5b, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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14
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Kümmel S, Schmid P, Harbeck N, Takahashi M, Untch M, Boileau JF, Cortes J, McArthur H, Dent R, O’Shaughnessy J, Pusztai L, Foukakis T, Park Y, Hui R, Cardoso F, Denkert C, Zhu Y, Pan W, Karantza V, Fasching P. P125 Neoadjuvant pembrolizumab + chemotherapy vs placebo + chemotherapy followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab vs placebo for early TNBC: surgical outcomes from the phase 3 KEYNOTE-522 study. Breast 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(23)00242-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
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15
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Min N, Yao J, Li H, Chen Z, Pang W, Zhu J, Kümmel S, Schaefer T, Herrmann H, Richnow HH. Humic Substance Photosensitized Degradation of Phthalate Esters Characterized by 2H and 13C Isotope Fractionation. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:1930-1939. [PMID: 36689325 PMCID: PMC9910037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The photosensitized transformation of organic chemicals is an important degradation mechanism in natural surface waters, aerosols, and water films on surfaces. Dissolved organic matter including humic-like substances (HS), acting as photosensitizers that participate in electron transfer reactions, can generate a variety of reactive species, such as OH radicals and excited triplet-state HS (3HS*), which promote the degradation of organic compounds. We use phthalate esters, which are important contaminants found in wastewaters, landfills, soils, rivers, lakes, groundwaters, and mine tailings. We use phthalate esters as probes to study the reactivity of HS irradiated with artificial sunlight. Phthalate esters with different side-chain lengths were used as probes for elucidation of reaction mechanisms using 2H and 13C isotope fractionation. Reference experiments with the artificial photosensitizers 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-2',4',5',7'-tetraiodofluorescein (Rose Bengal), 3-methoxy-acetophenone (3-MAP), and 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (4-MBA) yielded characteristic fractionation factors (-4 ± 1, -4 ± 2, and -4 ± 1‰ for 2H; 0.7 ± 0.2, 1.0 ± 0.4, and 0.8 ± 0.2‰ for 13C), allowing interpretation of reaction mechanisms of humic substances with phthalate esters. The correlation of 2H and 13C fractions can be used diagnostically to determine photosensitized reactions in the environment and to differentiate among biodegradation, hydrolysis, and photosensitized HS reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Min
- School
of Water Resources and Environment and Research Center of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Sino-Hungarian Joint Laboratory of Environmental
Science and Health, China University of
Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083 Beijing, China
- Department
of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre
for Environmental Research − UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Jun Yao
- School
of Water Resources and Environment and Research Center of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Sino-Hungarian Joint Laboratory of Environmental
Science and Health, China University of
Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- School
of Water Resources and Environment and Research Center of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Sino-Hungarian Joint Laboratory of Environmental
Science and Health, China University of
Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- School
of Water Resources and Environment and Research Center of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Sino-Hungarian Joint Laboratory of Environmental
Science and Health, China University of
Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Wancheng Pang
- School
of Water Resources and Environment and Research Center of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Sino-Hungarian Joint Laboratory of Environmental
Science and Health, China University of
Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Zhu
- School
of Water Resources and Environment and Research Center of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Sino-Hungarian Joint Laboratory of Environmental
Science and Health, China University of
Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department
of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre
for Environmental Research − UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Thomas Schaefer
- Atmospheric
Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz Institute
for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hartmut Herrmann
- Atmospheric
Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz Institute
for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans Hermann Richnow
- School
of Water Resources and Environment and Research Center of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Sino-Hungarian Joint Laboratory of Environmental
Science and Health, China University of
Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083 Beijing, China
- Department
of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre
for Environmental Research − UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
- Isodetect
Leipzig GmbH, Deutscher
Platz 5b, Leipzig 04103, Germany
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16
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Ouyang WY, Kümmel S, Adrian L, Zhu YG, Richnow HH. Carbon and hydrogen stable isotope fractionation of sulfamethoxazole during anaerobic transformation catalyzed by Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough. Chemosphere 2023; 311:136923. [PMID: 36349587 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The fate of antibiotics in aquatic environments is of high concern and approaches are needed to assess the transformation of antibiotics in wastewater treatment plants. Here we used the model organism Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough to analyze compound specific isotope fractionation associated with anaerobic transformation of the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX). The results show that the rearrangement of the isoxazole ring in SMX is leading to significant carbon and hydrogen isotopic fractionation (εC = -5.8 ± 0.7‰, εH = -34 ± 9‰) during anaerobic transformation. The observed carbon isotopic fractionation is significantly higher than the values reported for aerobic degradation (εC = -0.6 ± 0.1‰) or abiotic reactions (εC = -0.8 to -4.8‰ for photolysis, εC = -0.8 to -2.2‰ for advanced oxidation). This indicates that carbon isotope fractionation can be used as a parameter to differentiate reaction mechanisms of SMX transformation. The corresponding apparent kinetic isotope effect (AKIEC) for anaerobic transformation of SMX was 1.029 ± 0.003, suggesting that the mechanism for anaerobic transformation is distinct from the mechanism reported for microbial aerobic degradation (AKIEC = 1.006 ± 0.001). In addition, dual-element (C-H) isotope analysis of SMX was performed in the present study, which was achieved by utilizing gas chromatography (GC) as the separation method instead of routine liquid chromatography. This dual-element isotope analysis resulted in a Λ value of 4.5 ± 2.2. Overall, compound specific isotope analysis can be a feasible tool to monitor the mitigation of SMX in wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ying Ouyang
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Isotope Biogeochemistry, Leipzig, Germany; Chair of Geobiotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Isotope Biogeochemistry, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lorenz Adrian
- Chair of Geobiotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Environmental Biotechnology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
| | - Hans H Richnow
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Isotope Biogeochemistry, Leipzig, Germany; Isodetect GmbH, Leipzig, Germany.
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17
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Liu Y, Fu J, Wu L, Kümmel S, Nijenhuis I, Richnow HH. Characterization of Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomer Dehydrochlorination by LinA1 and LinA2 Using Multi-element Compound-Specific Stable Isotope Analysis. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:16848-16856. [PMID: 36397208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrochlorination is one of the main (thus far discovered) processes for aerobic microbial transformation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) which is mainly catalyzed by LinA enzymes. In order to gain a better understanding of the reaction mechanisms, multi-element compound-specific stable isotope analysis was applied for evaluating α- and γ-HCH transformations catalyzed by LinA1 and LinA2 enzymes. The isotopic fractionation (εE) values for particular elements of (+)α-HCH (εC = -10.8 ± 1.0‰, εCl = -4.2 ± 0.5‰, εH = -154 ± 16‰) were distinct from the values for (-)α-HCH (εC = -4.1 ± 0.7‰, εCl = -1.6 ± 0.2‰, εH = -68 ± 10‰), whereas the dual-isotope fractionation patterns were almost identical for both enantiomers (ΛC-Cl = 2.4 ± 0.4 and 2.5 ± 0.2, ΛH-C = 12.9 ± 2.4 and 14.9 ± 1.1). The εE of γ-HCH transformation by LinA1 and LinA2 were -7.8 ± 1.0‰ and -7.5 ± 0.8‰ (εC), -2.7 ± 0.3‰ and -2.5 ± 0.4‰ (εCl), -170 ± 25‰ and -150 ± 13‰ (εH), respectively. Similar ΛC-Cl values (2.7 ± 0.2 and 2.9 ± 0.2) were observed as well as similar ΛH-C values (20.1 ± 2.0 and 18.4 ± 1.9), indicating a similar reaction mechanism by both enzymes during γ-HCH transformation. This is the first data set on 3D isotope fractionation of α- and γ-HCH enzymatic dehydrochlorination, which gave a more precise characterization of the bond cleavages, highlighting the potential of multi-element compound-specific stable isotope analysis to characterize different transformation processes (e.g., dehydrochlorination and reductive dehalogenation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning530004, P.R. China
| | - Juan Fu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Daxue Road 100, Nanning530004, P.R. China
| | - Langping Wu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig04318, Germany
- Ecometrix Incorporated, 6800 Campobello Road, Mississauga, OntarioL5N 2L8, Canada
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig04318, Germany
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig04318, Germany
| | - Hans H Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig04318, Germany
- Isodetect, Deutscher Platz 5b, Leipzig04103, Germany
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18
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Buchner D, Martin PR, Scheckenbach J, Kümmel S, Gelman F, Haderlein SB. Expanding the calibration range of compound-specific chlorine isotope analysis by the preparation of a 37 Cl-enriched tetrachloroethylene. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2022; 36:e9378. [PMID: 35975721 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The recent development of reliable GC/qMS methods for δ37 Cl compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA) paves the way for dual carbon-chlorine isotope analysis of chlorinated ethenes and thus allows deeper insights into underlying transformation processes/mechanisms. A two-point calibration is indispensable for the precise and correct conversion of raw data to the international δ37 ClSMOC scale. The currently available calibration standards for tetrachloroethylene (PCE) span only a very narrow range from -2.52‰ (EIL2) to +0.29‰ (EIL1), which is considerably smaller than observed δ37 Cl isotope enrichment in (bio-)transformation studies (up to 12‰). METHODS We describe the preparation and evaluation of a new 37 Cl-enriched PCE standard to avoid bias in δ37 Cl CSIA arising from extrapolation beyond the calibration range. The preparation comprised: (i) partial PCE reduction by zero-valent zinc in a system of PCE, ethanol (initial volume ratio 3/5) and trace amounts of water followed by (ii) liquid-liquid extraction and (iii) a subsequent fractional distillation to purify the 37 Cl-enriched PCE. RESULTS The obtained PCE (PCEenriched ) showed a purity of 98.8% (mole fraction) and a δ37 ClSMOC value of +10.8 ± 0.5‰. The evaluation of an experimental dataset with and without extrapolation showed no significant variation. CONCLUSIONS The new PCE standard (PCEenriched ) expands the calibration range to 13.3‰ (previously 2.8‰) and thus prevents potential bias introduced by extrapolation beyond the calibration range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Buchner
- Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Philipp R Martin
- Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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19
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Paepke S, Klein E, Andrulat A, Ankel C, Bauer L, Faridi A, Fink V, Gerber-Schäfer C, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Heil J, Kümmel S, Ohlinger R, Thill M. Mesh-Pocket Supported Prepectoral Direct-to-Implant Breast Reconstruction: Preliminary Results of a Prospective Analysis. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Tonk C, Schinköthe T, Harbeck N, Carmelo V, Gomes Feliciano J, Wuerstlein R, Kümmel S, Schmidt A. AI-based smartphone App using a single-lead ECG for automated QTc diagnostics in oncology. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01540-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Paepke S, Andrulat A, Ankel C, Bauer L, Baumann K, Blohmer J, Faridi A, Fink V, Gerber-Schäfer C, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Heil J, Kümmel S, Mau C, Kossmann-Meiré A, Ohlinger R, Thill M. Underestimated risk of involved margins in Skin (SMM)- and Nipple Sparing Mastectomies (NSM) – Data and Multimodal Approach for Improvement. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01379-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Trepl T, Schelter I, Kümmel S. Analyzing Excitation-Energy Transfer Based on the Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory in Real Time. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:6577-6587. [PMID: 36268773 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Excitation-energy transfer is a key step in processes such as photosynthesis that convert light into other forms of energy. Time-dependent density functional theory (DFT) in real time is ideal for the first-principles simulation of such processes due to its computational efficiency. We here demonstrate how real-time DFT can be used for analyzing excitation-energy transfer from first-principles. We discuss several measures of energy transfer that are based solely on the time-dependent density, are well founded in the DFT framework, allow for intuitive understanding and visualization, and reproduce important limiting cases of an analytical model. We demonstrate their usefulness in calculations for model systems, both with static nuclei and in the context of DFT-based Ehrenfest dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Trepl
- Theoretical Physics IV, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth95440, Germany
| | - I Schelter
- Theoretical Physics IV, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth95440, Germany
| | - S Kümmel
- Theoretical Physics IV, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth95440, Germany
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23
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Liu X, Yang A, Kümmel S, Richnow HH. Uptake and Metabolization of HCH Isomers in Trees Examined over an Annual Growth Period by Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis and Enantiomer Fractionation. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:10120-10130. [PMID: 35758406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To understand the role of plants for natural attenuation, a field study was conducted to characterize the fate of HCH in trees over an annual growth period using compound-specific isotope analysis and enantiomer fractionation. Stable and slightly higher δ13C and δ37Cl values of HCH of host soil samples compared to the muck (consisting nearly exclusively of HCH) revealed that masking isotope effects caused by the limited bioavailability may underestimate the real extent of HCH transformation in soil. In contrast, an increase of δ13C and δ37Cl values in trees indicated the transformation of HCH. A large variability of δ13C and δ37Cl values in trees over the growth period was observed, representing different transformation extents among different growth times, which is further supported by the shift of the enantiomer fraction (EF), indicating the preferential transformation of enantiomers also varied over the different growth periods. Based on dual-element isotope analysis, different predominant transformation mechanisms were observed during the growing seasons. Our observation implies that plants are acting as biological pumps driving a cycle of uptake and metabolization of HCH and refeed during littering to soil catalyzing their transformation. The changes of the transformation mechanism in different seasons have implications for phytoscreening and shed new light on phytoremediation of HCH at field sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Ahyung Yang
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
- The Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, Landau in der Pfalz 76829, Germany
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Hans H Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
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24
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Phillips E, Bulka O, Picott K, Kümmel S, Edwards E, Nijenhuis I, Gehre M, Dworatzek S, Webb J, Lollar BS. Investigation of Active Site Amino Acid Influence on Carbon and Chlorine Isotope Fractionation during Reductive Dechlorination. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2022; 98:6608266. [PMID: 35700008 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reductive dehalogenases (RDases) are corrinoid-dependent enzymes that reductively dehalogenate organohalides in respiratory processes. By comparing isotope effects in biotically-catalyzed reactions to reference experiments with abiotic corrinoid-catalysts, compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) has been shown to yield valuable insights into enzyme mechanisms and kinetics, including RDases. Here, we report isotopic fractionation (ε) during biotransformation of chloroform (CF) for carbon (εC = -1.52 ± 0.34‰) and chlorine (εCl = -1.84 ± 0.19‰), corresponding to a ΛC/Cl value of 1.13 ± 0.35. These results are highly suppressed compared to isotope effects observed both during CF biotransformation by another organism with a highly similar RDase (> 95% sequence identity) at the amino acid level, and to those observed during abiotic dehalogenation of CF. Amino acid differences occur at four locations within the two different RDases' active sites, and this study examines whether these differences potentially affect the observed εC, εCl, and ΛC/Cl. Structural protein models approximating the locations of the residues elucidate possible controls on reaction mechanisms and/or substrate binding efficiency. These four locations are not conserved among other chloroalkane reducing RDases with high amino acid similarity (> 90%), suggesting that these locations may be important in determining isotope fractionation within this homologous group of RDases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Phillips
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, 22 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B1, Canada
| | - Olivia Bulka
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Katherine Picott
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Edwards
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Gehre
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Barbara Sherwood Lollar
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, 22 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B1, Canada
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25
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Liu X, Wu L, Kümmel S, Richnow HH. Stable isotope fractionation associated with the synthesis of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers for characterizing sources. Chemosphere 2022; 296:133938. [PMID: 35149010 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The stable isotope fingerprints of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers have potential for identifying sources as they are related to the synthesis processes and isotopic compositions of raw materials. However, the isotopic fractionation associated with the synthesis processes has not been investigated. Therefore, photochemical synthesis experiments using benzene and chlorine gas were conducted to characterize the associated isotopic fractionation under different conditions. Different patterns of isotopic fractionation factors (αC, αCl, and αH) were observed in each experiment. The large variability of αH is related to the accumulating secondary hydrogen isotope effects or the rearrangement of C-H bonds at the cyclohexane ring. An increase of δ13C and δ37Cl values of HCH isomers was observed during synthesis, which is related to the C-Cl bond formation in the radical dichlorination forming HCH and the subsequent chlorine substitution forming heptachlorocyclohexanes. The large variability of δ2H values is related to the secondary and primary hydrogen isotope effects. Different δ13C, δ37Cl and δ2H values among HCH isomers were observed, indicating that conformational complexity of HCH caused by arrangement of C-Cl bonds in planar and axial positions also influence the isotope values. The understanding of isotopic fractionation during HCH synthesis can be indicative for source identification in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Langping Wu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada.
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hans H Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
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26
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Loibl S, Untch M, Burchardi N, Huober J, Sinn BV, Blohmer JU, Grischke EM, Furlanetto J, Tesch H, Hanusch C, Engels K, Rezai M, Jackisch C, Schmitt WD, von Minckwitz G, Thomalla J, Kümmel S, Rautenberg B, Fasching PA, Weber K, Rhiem K, Denkert C, Schneeweiss A. Corrigendum to "A randomised phase II study investigating durvalumab in addition to an anthracycline taxane-based neoadjuvant therapy in early triple-negative breast cancer: clinical results and biomarker analysis of GeparNuevo study": [Annals of Oncology (2019), volume 30:1279-1288]. Ann Oncol 2022; 33:743-744. [PMID: 35595658 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Loibl
- German Breast Group, Neu-Isenburg; Oncological Practice Bethanien, Cancer Center Frankfurt Northeast, Frankfurt am Main.
| | - M Untch
- HELIOS Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin
| | | | - J Huober
- Brustzentrum, Universitätsfrauenklinik Ulm, Ulm
| | - B V Sinn
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin
| | - J-U Blohmer
- Gynäkologie mit Brustzentrum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
| | | | | | - H Tesch
- Oncological Practice Bethanien, Cancer Center Frankfurt Northeast, Frankfurt am Main
| | - C Hanusch
- Rotkreuzklinikum München Frauenklinik, München
| | - K Engels
- Zentrum für Pathologie, Zytologie und Molekularpathologie Neuss, Neuss
| | - M Rezai
- Medical Center, Luisenkrankenhaus Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf
| | - C Jackisch
- Brustzentrum, Sana-Klinikum Offenbach, Offenbach
| | - W D Schmitt
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
| | | | - J Thomalla
- Praxisklinik für Hämatologie und Onkologie Koblenz, Koblenz
| | - S Kümmel
- Breast Unit, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen
| | - B Rautenberg
- Klinik für Frauenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg
| | - P A Fasching
- Brustzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen
| | - K Weber
- German Breast Group, Neu-Isenburg
| | - K Rhiem
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne
| | - C Denkert
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
| | - A Schneeweiss
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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27
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Gilevska T, Sullivan Ojeda A, Kümmel S, Gehre M, Seger E, West K, Morgan SA, Mack EE, Sherwood Lollar B. Multi-element isotopic evidence for monochlorobenzene and benzene degradation under anaerobic conditions in contaminated sediments. Water Res 2021; 207:117809. [PMID: 34741903 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Industrial chemicals are frequently detected in sediments due to a legacy of chemical spills. Globally, site remedies for groundwater and sediment decontamination include natural attenuation by in situ abiotic and biotic processes. Compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) is a diagnostic tool to identify, quantify, and characterize degradation processes in situ, and in some cases can differentiate between abiotic degradation and biodegradation. This study reports high-resolution carbon, chlorine, and hydrogen stable isotope profiles for monochlorobenzene (MCB), and carbon and hydrogen stable isotope profiles for benzene, coupled with measurements of pore water concentrations in contaminated sediments. Multi-element isotopic analysis of δ13C and δ37Cl for MCB were used to generate dual-isotope plots, which for 2 locations at the study site resulted in ΛC/Cl(130) values of 1.42 ± 0.19 and ΛC/Cl(131) values of 1.70 ± 0.15, consistent with theoretical calculations for carbon-chlorine bond cleavage (ΛT = 1.80 ± 0.31) via microbial reductive dechlorination. For benzene, significant δ2H (122‰) and δ13C (6‰) depletion trends, followed by enrichment trends in δ13C (1.6‰) in the upper part of the sediment, were observed at the same location, indicating not only production of benzene due to biodegradation of MCB, but subsequent biotransformation of benzene itself to nontoxic end-products. Degradation rate constants calculated independently using chlorine isotopic data and carbon isotopic data, respectively, agreed within uncertainty thus providing multiple lines of evidence for in situ contaminant degradation via reductive dechlorination and providing the foundation for a novel approach to determine site-specific in situ rate estimates essential for the prediction of remediation outcomes and timelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetyana Gilevska
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada; CNRS/EOST, ITES UMR 7063, Earth and Environment Institute of Strasbourg (ITES), University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67084, France
| | - Ann Sullivan Ojeda
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada; Department of Geosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Matthias Gehre
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Edward Seger
- The Chemours Company, Wilmington, DE 19810, United States
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28
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Liu X, Li W, Kümmel S, Merbach I, Sood U, Gupta V, Lal R, Richnow HH. Soil from a Hexachlorocyclohexane Contaminated Field Site Inoculates Wheat in a Pot Experiment to Facilitate the Microbial Transformation of β-Hexachlorocyclohexane Examined by Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis. Environ Sci Technol 2021; 55:13812-13821. [PMID: 34609852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c03322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
β-Hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) is a remnant from former HCH pesticide production. Its removal from the environment gained attention in the last few years since it is the most stable HCH isomer. However, knowledge about the transformation of β-HCH in soil-plant systems is still limited. Therefore, experiments with a contaminated field soil were conducted to investigate the transformation of β-HCH in soil-plant systems by compound specific isotope analysis (CSIA). The results showed that the δ13C and δ37Cl values of β-HCH in the soil of the planted control remained stable, revealing no transformation due to a low bioavailability. Remarkably, an increase of the δ13C and δ37Cl values in soil and plant tissues of the spiked treatments were observed, indicating the transformation of β-HCH in both the soil and the plant. This was surprising as previously it was shown that wheat is unable to transform β-HCH when growing in hydroponic culture or garden soil. Thus, results of this work indicate for the first time that a microbial community of the soil inoculated the wheat and then facilitated the transformation of β-HCH in the wheat, which may have implications for the development of phytoremediation concepts. A high abundance of HCH degraders belonging to Sphingomonas sp., Mycobacterium sp., and others was detected in the β-HCH-treated bulk and rhizosphere soil, potentially supporting the biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Applied Geosciences, Technical University Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ines Merbach
- Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH - UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06102 Halle, Germany
| | - Utkarsh Sood
- The Energy and Resources Institute, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110003, India
| | - Vipin Gupta
- PhiXGen Private Limited, Gurugram, Haryana 122001, India
| | - Rup Lal
- The Energy and Resources Institute, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110003, India
| | - Hans H Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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29
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Wu L, Suchana S, Flick R, Kümmel S, Richnow H, Passeport E. Carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen stable isotope fractionation allow characterizing the reaction mechanisms of 1H-benzotriazole aqueous phototransformation. Water Res 2021; 203:117519. [PMID: 34391022 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
1H-benzotriazole is part of a larger family of benzotriazoles, which are widely used as lubricants, polymer stabilizers, corrosion inhibitors, and anti-icing fluid components. It is frequently detected in urban runoff, wastewater, and receiving aquatic environments. 1H-benzotriazole is typically resistant to biodegradation and hydrolysis, but can be transformed via direct photolysis and photoinduced mechanisms. In this study, the phototransformation mechanisms of 1H-benzotriazole were characterized using multi-element compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA). The kinetics, transformation products, and isotope fractionation results altogether revealed that 1H-benzotriazole direct photolysis and indirect photolysis induced by OH radicals involved two alternative pathways. In indirect photolysis, aromatic hydroxylation dominated and was associated with small carbon (εC = -0.65 ± 0.03‰), moderate hydrogen (εH = -21.6‰), and negligible nitrogen isotope enrichment factors and led to hydroxylated forms of benzotriazole. In direct photolysis of 1H-benzotriazole, significant nitrogen (εN = -8.4 ± 0.4 to -4.2 ± 0.3‰) and carbon (εC = -4.3 ± 0.2 to -1.64 ± 0.04‰) isotope enrichment factors indicated an initial N-N bond cleavage followed by nitrogen elimination with a C-N bond cleavage. The results of this study highlight the potential for multi-element CSIA application to track 1H-benzotriazole degradation in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langping Wu
- Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Shamsunnahar Suchana
- Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Robert Flick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Hans Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Elodie Passeport
- Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada.
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30
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Schmid P, Gomez-Pardo P, Wheatley D, Roy P, Krabisch P, Thill M, Ledwidge S, Thompson A, Macaskill E, Viehstädt N, Purushotham A, Gluz O, Stefek A, Ackerman C, Prendergast A, Mousa K, Jones L, Viale G, Cortés J, Kümmel S. 208P ARB: Phase II window of opportunity study of preoperative treatment with enzalutamide in ER+ve and TNBC. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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31
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Schmid P, Cortes J, Dent R, Pusztai L, McArthur H, Kümmel S, Bergh J, Denkert C, Park Y, Hui R, Harbeck N, Takahashi M, Untch M, Fasching P, Cardoso F, Ding Y, Tryfonidis K, Aktan G, Karantza V, O’Shaughnessy J. VP7-2021: KEYNOTE-522: Phase III study of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab + chemotherapy vs. placebo + chemotherapy, followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab vs. placebo for early-stage TNBC. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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32
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Carey L, Pierga JY, Kümmel S, Jerusalem G, De Laurentiis M, Miller M, Li Z, Kaper M, Su F, Loi S. 275P A phase II study of LAG525 in combination with spartalizumab (PDR001), PDR001 and carboplatin (Carbo), or Carbo, as first- or second-line therapy in patients (Pts) with advanced (Adv) triple-negative breast cancer (tnbc). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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33
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Loibl S, Schmidt M, Lübbe K, Decker T, Thill M, Bauer L, Müller V, Link T, Furlanetto J, Kümmel S, Mundhenke C, Hoffmann O, Zahn MO, Müller L, Denkert C, van Mackelenbergh M, Fasching P, Burchardi N, Nekljudova V. LBA19 A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, phase II study to evaluate the tolerability of an induction dose escalation of everolimus in patients with metastatic breast cancer (mBC) (DESIREE). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.2092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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34
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Swain S, Tan A, Gianni L, Kümmel S, Dang C, Schneeweiss A, O'Shaughnessy J, Liu H, Aguila C, Heeson S, Macharia H, Restuccia E, Loibl S. 138P Anaphylaxis and hypersensitivity in trials of intravenous pertuzumab + trastuzumab (PH IV) or the fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab for subcutaneous injection (PH FDC SC) for HER2-positive breast cancer (BC). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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35
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Vlachou E, Kümmel S, Künzel N, Breit E, Schindowski D, Pankert K, Hentsch S, Hanf V, Weber D, Graßhoff ST, Müller C, Lucke W, Deuschle P, Engellandt K, Rüland A, Dall P, Harrach H, Bruzas S, Chiari O, Reinisch M. 201TiP Evaluation of the feasibility of ultrasound-guided clipping of suspicious intramammary lesions in primary breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy (Ultra3Detect). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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36
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Tamisier M, Schmidt M, Vogt C, Kümmel S, Stryhanyuk H, Musat N, Richnow HH, Musat F. Iron corrosion by methanogenic archaea characterized by stable isotope effects and crust mineralogy. Environ Microbiol 2021; 24:583-595. [PMID: 34190386 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Carbon and hydrogen stable isotope effects associated with methane formation by the corrosive archaeon Methanobacterium strain IM1 were determined during growth with hydrogen and iron. Isotope analyses were complemented by structural, elemental and molecular composition analyses of corrosion crusts. During growth with H2 , strain IM1 formed methane with average δ13 C of -43.5‰ and δ2 H of -370‰. Corrosive growth led to methane more depleted in 13 C, with average δ13 C ranging from -56‰ to -64‰ during the early and the late growth phase respectively. The corresponding δ2 H were less impacted by the growth phase, with average values ranging from -316 to -329‰. The stable isotope fractionation factors, α 13 C CO 2 / CH 4 , were 1.026 and 1.042 for hydrogenotrophic and corrosive growth respectively. Corrosion crusts formed by strain IM1 have a domed structure, appeared electrically conductive and were composed of siderite, calcite and iron sulfide, the latter formed by precipitation of sulfide (from culture medium) with ferrous iron generated during corrosion. Strain IM1 cells were found attached to crust surfaces and encrusted deep inside crust domes. Our results may assist to diagnose methanogens-induced corrosion in the field and suggest that intrusion of sulfide in anoxic settings may stimulate corrosion by methanogenic archaea via formation of semiconductive crusts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Tamisier
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmidt
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Carsten Vogt
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Hryhoriy Stryhanyuk
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Niculina Musat
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Hans-Hermann Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Florin Musat
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
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37
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Paepke S, Thill M, Peisker U, Ohlinger R, Gruber I, Malter W, Kümmel S, Hahn M, Kühn T, Reinisch M, Stachs A, Reimer T. One size fits all? Novel pulse biopsy platform offers improved needle control, high tissue yield and multiple needle options – pre-clinical results. Breast 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(21)00172-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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38
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Liu X, Wu L, Kümmel S, Richnow HH. Characterizing the biotransformation of hexachlorocyclohexanes in wheat using compound-specific stable isotope analysis and enantiomer fraction analysis. J Hazard Mater 2021; 406:124301. [PMID: 33144013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs) are persistent organic pollutants being responsible for environmental contamination worldwide. In order to characterize transformation of HCHs in different plant compartments during uptake, a hydroponic experimental setup was designed using wheat as the test plant. The extent of transformation was determined by using compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) and enantiomer fraction (EF) analysis. In nutrient solutions, no change of carbon (δ13C) and chlorine isotope ratios (δ37Cl) of α-HCH and β-HCH was detected throughout the experiment indicating no transformation there. In wheat leaves, stems and roots, however, transformation of α-HCH due to a C‒Cl bond cleavage was indicated by increasing δ13C and δ37Cl compared to the nutrient solution. In addition, 1,3,4,5,6-pentachlorocyclohexene (PCCH) was identified as the major metabolite of α-HCH transformation. For β-HCH, in contrast, no transformation was detected. The evaluation of enantiomer fraction analysis revealed no change of the EF(-) in the nutrient solution or on root surface but a decrease in the wheat compartments, providing an evidence for the preferential biological transformation of (-)α-HCH in wheat. The current study provides the first experimental evidence for biotransformation of α-HCH in wheat using CSIA and EF and provides a concept to evaluate processes during phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Langping Wu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans H Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
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39
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Liu X, Bonhomme J, Merbach I, Kümmel S, Richnow HH. Uptake of α-HCH by wheat from the gas phase and translocation to soil analyzed by a stable carbon isotope labeling experiment. Chemosphere 2021; 264:128489. [PMID: 33059287 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCH) are persistent organic pollutants which cause serious environmental pollution. Phytoextraction is one of the strategies of phytoremediation, which was considered as a promising method for the clean-up of HCH contaminated field sites. To understand the uptake and translocation mechanisms of HCH in soil-plant system, the uptake of HCH from the gas phase was investigated in a tracer experiment with 13C-labeled α-HCH. The results provide new insights on the uptake mechanism of HCH and allow the elucidation of transport pathways of POPs from the leaves to the rhizosphere. A higher dissipation of α-HCH in planted set-ups versus unplanted controls indicated next to intensive biodegradation in the rhizosphere the removal of HCH by root uptake, accumulation and possible transformation within plants. Analyzing the carbon isotopic composition (δ13C) of α-HCH in the soil of unplanted controls revealed a change of 15.8-28.6‰ compared to the initial δ13C value, indicating that a soil gas phase transportation of α-HCH occurred. Additionally, higher δ13C values of α-HCH were observed in bulk and rhizosphere soil in non-labeled treatments compared to unplanted controls, revealing the uptake of α-HCH from the gas phase by the leaves and the further translocation to the roots and finally release to the rhizosphere. This uptake by the leaves and the subsequent translocation of α-HCH within the plant is further indicated by the observed variations of the δ13C value of α-HCH in different plant tissues at different growth stages. The uptake and translocation pathways of α-HCH from the gas phase need to be considered in phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Josephine Bonhomme
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Chemistry and Process Engineering, Ecole Superieure de Chimie Physique Electronique de Lyon, 43, Boulevard Du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ines Merbach
- Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH - UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06102, Halle, Germany
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans Hermann Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
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40
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Kümmel S, Horst A, Gelman F, Strauss H, Richnow HH, Gehre M. Simultaneous Compound-Specific Analysis of δ 33S and δ 34S in Organic Compounds by GC-MC-ICPMS Using Medium- and Low-Mass-Resolution Modes. Anal Chem 2020; 92:14685-14692. [PMID: 33095571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Compound-specific isotope analysis of sulfur (δ34S-CSIA) in organic compounds was established in the last decade employing gas chromatography connected to multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (GC-MC-ICPMS). However, δ33S-CSIA has not yet been reported so far. In this study, we present a method for the simultaneous determination of δ33S and δ34S in organic compounds by GC-MC-ICPMS applying medium- and also low-mass-resolution modes. The method was validated using the international isotope reference materials IAEA-S-1, IAEA-S-2, and IAEA-S-3. Overall analytical uncertainty including normalization and reproducibility for δ33S and δ34S was usually better than ±0.2 mUr (σ) for analytes containing at least 100 pmol of S. Further, it is demonstrated that, despite small isobaric interferences, results obtained at low mass resolution are indistinguishable from medium mass resolution offering the benefit of increased sensitivity and versatility of this method. Additionally, the method was applied for the δ33S and δ34S isotope analysis of industrially produced organic compounds to investigate potential mass-independent fractionation (MIF). The relation between δ34S and δ33S in these compounds followed a mass-dependent fractionation trend (MDF; Δ33S ≤ ±0.2 mUr). Degradation of dimethyl disulfide by direct photolysis caused a small but significant MIF (Δ33S = 0.55 ± 0.04 mUr, n = 3), demonstrating sufficient sensitivity of the method for these types of studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Axel Horst
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Faina Gelman
- Geological Survey of Israel, 32 Yesha'ayahu Leibowitz Street, Jerusalem 9692100, Israel
| | - Harald Strauss
- Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 24, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hans H Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Gehre
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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41
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Liu Y, Kümmel S, Yao J, Nijenhuis I, Richnow HH. Dual C-Cl isotope analysis for characterizing the anaerobic transformation of α, β, γ, and δ-hexachlorocyclohexane in contaminated aquifers. Water Res 2020; 184:116128. [PMID: 32777634 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) are widespread and persistent environmental pollutants, which cause heavy contamination in soil, sediment and groundwater. An anaerobic consortium, which was enriched on β-HCH using a soil sample from a contaminated area of a former pesticide factory, was capable to transform α, β, γ, and δ-HCH via tetrachlorocyclohexene isomers stoichiometrically to benzene and chlorobenzene. The carbon and chlorine isotope enrichment factors (εC and εCl) of the dehalogenation of the four isomers ranged from -1.9 ± 0.3 to -6.4 ± 0.7‰ and from -1.6 ± 0.2 to -3.2 ± 0.6‰, respectively, and the correlation of δ37Cl and δ13C (Λ values) of the four isomers ranged from 1.1 ± 0.1 to 2.4 ± 0.2. The evaluation of Λ and the apparent kinetic isotope effects (AKIE) for carbon and chlorine may lead to the hypothesis that the two eliminated chlorine atoms of α- and γ-HCH were in axial positions, the same as for the β-HCH conformer which has six chlorine atoms in axial positions after ring flip. The dichloroelimination of δ-HCH resulted in distinct AKIE and Λ values as one chlorine atom is in axial whereas the other chlorine atoms are in the equatorial positions. Significant chlorine and carbon isotope fractionations of HCH isomers were observed in the samples from a contaminated aquifer (Bitterfeld, Germany). The 37Cl/35Cl and 13C/12C isotope fractionation patterns of HCH isomers from laboratory experiments were used diagnostically in a model to characterize microbial dichloroelimination in the field study. The comparison of isotope fractionation patterns indicates that the transformation of HCH isomers at the field was mainly governed by microbial dichloroelimination transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Liu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jun Yao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hans-Hermann Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
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42
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Paepke S, Kiechle M, Gerber-Schäfer C, Kümmel S, Faridi A, Bauer L, Thill M, Ankel C, Andrulat A, Gschwantler-Kaulich D, Heil J, Fink V, Ohlinger R. Präpektorale Implantateinlage in der plastisch-rekonstruktiven Mammachirurgie unter Verwendung des TiLOOP Bra Pocket – erste Daten der PRO-Pocket Studie. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1717892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Paepke
- Klinikum rechts der Isar,pechnische Universität München
| | - M Kiechle
- Klinikum rechts der Isar,pechnische Universität München
| | | | | | | | | | - M Thill
- Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus
| | | | | | | | - J Heil
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
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43
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Bruzas S, Kümmel S, Harbeck N, Schmid P, Cortés J, Seiberling C, Chiari O, Harrach H, Ataseven B, Dyson M, Traut E, Theuerkauf I, Gebauer D, Gluz O, Reinisch M. 172P Gene expression in early breast cancer (EBC) patients (pts) with relapse despite pathologic complete response (pCR): An intra- and interindividual (matched control) analysis. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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44
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Martínez SG, Mies BP, Casas TC, Rosa JR, Peralto JR, Curigliano G, Schmid P, Kümmel S, Garcia JP, Miranda EL, Cortes MG, Calvo JP, Cortés J. 298P Differences in the mutational profile between primary breast carcinomas and their cutaneous metastasis. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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45
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Liu X, Wu L, Kümmel S, Merbach I, Lal R, Richnow HH. Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis and Enantiomer Fractionation to Characterize the Transformation of Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers in a Soil-Wheat Pot System. Environ Sci Technol 2020; 54:8690-8698. [PMID: 32543837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The uptake by plants from soil is one of the first steps for hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers to enter the food web. However, the HCH transformation associated with the uptake process is still not well understood. Therefore, a soil-wheat pot experiment was conducted to characterize the HCH transformation during wheat growth using compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) and enantiomer fractionation. The results showed that the δ13C and δ37Cl values of β-HCH remained stable in soil and wheat, revealing no transformation. In contrast, an increase of δ13C and δ37Cl values of α-HCH indicated its transformation in soil and wheat. A shift of the enantiomer fraction (EF) (-) from 0.50 to 0.35 in soil at the jointing stage and 0.35 to 0.57 at the harvest stage suggested that the preferential transformation of enantiomers varied at different growth stages. Based on the dual element isotope analysis, the transformation mechanism in the soil-wheat system was different from that in wheat in hydroponic systems. The high abundance of HCH degraders, Sphingomonas sp. and Novosphingobium sp., was detected in the α-HCH-treated rhizosphere soil, supporting the potential for biotransformation. The application of CSIA and EF allows characterizing the transformation of organic pollutants such as HCHs in the complex soil-plant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Langping Wu
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ines Merbach
- Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH-UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06102 Halle, Germany
| | - Rup Lal
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Hans H Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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46
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Peuker CA, Yaghobramzi S, Lüftner D, Brucker S, Decker T, Fasching P, Fehm T, Janni W, Kümmel S, Schneeweiss A, Schuler M, Busse A. Einfluss des CDK4/6-Inhibitors Ribociclib auf die periphere Immunantwort beim Hormonrezeptor-positiven Mammakarzinom. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- CA Peuker
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Klinik für Hämatologie, Onkologie und Tumorimmunologie
| | - S Yaghobramzi
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Klinik für Hämatologie, Onkologie und Tumorimmunologie
| | - D Lüftner
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Klinik für Hämatologie, Onkologie und Tumorimmunologie
| | | | - T Decker
- Gemeinschaftspraxis Onkologie Ravensburg
| | - P Fasching
- Frauenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
| | - T Fehm
- Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf
| | - W Janni
- Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsklinikum Ulm
| | - S Kümmel
- Klinik für Senologie/Interdisziplinäres Brustkrebszentrum, Kliniken Essen-Mitte
| | - A Schneeweiss
- Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universität Heidelberg
| | - M Schuler
- Klinik für Medizinische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen
| | - A Busse
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Klinik für Hämatologie, Onkologie und Tumorimmunologie
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47
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Schmid P, Kümmel S, Loirat D, Savas P, Espinosa E, Boni V, Italiano A, White S, Singel S, Withana N, Mani A, Li S, Harris A, Wongchenko M, Sablin M. Phase 1b study evaluating a triplet combination of ipatasertib (IPAT), atezolizumab (Atezo), and paclitaxel (PAC) or nab-PAC as first-line (1L) therapy for locally advanced/metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (aTNBC). Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - P Savas
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre
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48
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Dalby FR, Hansen MJ, Feilberg A, Kümmel S, Nikolausz M. Effect of tannic acid combined with fluoride and lignosulfonic acid on anaerobic digestion in the agricultural waste management chain. Bioresour Technol 2020; 307:123171. [PMID: 32203867 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Livestock waste is stored and used as soil fertilizer or directly as substrate for biogas production. Methane emissions from manure storages and ammonia inhibition of anaerobic digesters fed with manure, are well-known problems related to manure management. This study examines the effect of adding tannic acid with fluoride (TA-NaF) and lignosulfonic acid (LS) on methanogenic activity in batch reactors with ammonia inhibited maize silage digestate and in batch reactors with manure. Lignosulfonic acid counteracted urea induced ammonia inhibition of methanogenesis, whereas TA-NaF inhibited methanogenesis itself. Stable carbon isotope ratio analysis and methanogen community analysis suggested that TA-NaF affected acetoclastic methanogens the most. The combined findings suggest that TA-NaF could be used to reduce methane emissions from stored manure. Conversely, LS could be used as supplement in anaerobic digesters prone to urea induced ammonia inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik R Dalby
- Department of Engineering, Air Quality Engineering, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Michael J Hansen
- Department of Engineering, Air Quality Engineering, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Anders Feilberg
- Department of Engineering, Air Quality Engineering, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marcell Nikolausz
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
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49
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Loibl S, Untch M, Burchardi N, Huober J, Sinn BV, Blohmer JU, Grischke EM, Furlanetto J, Tesch H, Hanusch C, Engels K, Rezai M, Jackisch C, Schmitt WD, von Minckwitz G, Thomalla J, Kümmel S, Rautenberg B, Fasching PA, Weber K, Rhiem K, Denkert C, Schneeweiss A. A randomised phase II study investigating durvalumab in addition to an anthracycline taxane-based neoadjuvant therapy in early triple-negative breast cancer: clinical results and biomarker analysis of GeparNuevo study. Ann Oncol 2020; 30:1279-1288. [PMID: 31095287 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 387] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combining immune-checkpoint inhibitors with chemotherapy yielded an increased response rates in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Therefore, we evaluated the addition of durvalumab to standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in primary TNBC. PATIENTS AND METHODS GeparNuevo is a randomised phase II double-blind placebo-controlled study randomising patients with TNBC to durvalumab or placebo given every 4 weeks in addition to nab-paclitaxel followed by standard EC. In the window-phase durvalumab/placebo alone was given 2 weeks before start of nab-paclitaxel. Randomisation was stratified by stromal tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte (sTILs). Patients with primary cT1b-cT4a-d disease, centrally confirmed TNBC and sTILs were included. Primary objective was pathological complete response (pCR) (ypT0 ypN0). RESULTS A total of 174 patients were randomised, 117 participated in the window-phase. Median age was 49.5 years (range 23-76); 47 patients (27%) were younger than 40 years; 113 (65%) had stage ≥IIA disease, 25 (14%) high sTILs, 138 of 158 (87%) were PD-L1-positive. pCR rate with durvalumab was 53.4% (95% CI 42.5% to 61.4%) versus placebo 44.2% (95% CI 33.5% to 55.3%; unadjusted continuity corrected χ2P = 0.287), corresponding to OR = 1.45 (95% CI 0.80-2.63, unadjusted Wald P = 0.224). Durvalumab effect was seen only in the window cohort (pCR 61.0% versus 41.4%, OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.06-4.64, P = 0.035; interaction P = 0.048). In both arms, significantly increased pCR (P < 0.01) were observed with higher sTILs. There was a trend for increased pCR rates in PD-L1-positive tumours, which was significant for PD-L1-tumour cell in durvalumab (P = 0.045) and for PD-L1-immune cell in placebo arm (P = 0.040). The most common immune-related adverse events were thyroid dysfunction any grade in 47%. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the addition of durvalumab to anthracycline-/taxane-based NACT increases pCR rate particularly in patients treated with durvalumab alone before start of chemotherapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT02685059.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Loibl
- German Breast Group, Neu-Isenburg; Oncological Practice Bethanien, Cancer Center Frankfurt Northeast, Frankfurt am Main.
| | - M Untch
- HELIOS Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin
| | | | - J Huober
- Brustzentrum, Universitätsfrauenklinik Ulm, Ulm
| | - B V Sinn
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin
| | - J-U Blohmer
- Gynäkologie mit Brustzentrum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
| | | | | | - H Tesch
- Oncological Practice Bethanien, Cancer Center Frankfurt Northeast, Frankfurt am Main
| | - C Hanusch
- Rotkreuzklinikum München Frauenklinik, München
| | - K Engels
- Zentrum für Pathologie, Zytologie und Molekularpathologie Neuss, Neuss
| | - M Rezai
- Medical Center, Luisenkrankenhaus Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf
| | - C Jackisch
- Brustzentrum, Sana-Klinikum Offenbach, Offenbach
| | - W D Schmitt
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
| | | | - J Thomalla
- Praxisklinik für Hämatologie und Onkologie Koblenz, Koblenz
| | - S Kümmel
- Breast Unit, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen
| | - B Rautenberg
- Klinik für Frauenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg
| | - P A Fasching
- Brustzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen
| | - K Weber
- German Breast Group, Neu-Isenburg
| | - K Rhiem
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne
| | - C Denkert
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
| | - A Schneeweiss
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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50
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Gilevska T, Sullivan Ojeda A, Renpenning J, Kümmel S, Gehre M, Nijenhuis I, Sherwood Lollar B. Requirements for Chromium Reactors for Use in the Determination of H Isotopes in Compound-Specific Stable Isotope Analysis of Chlorinated Compounds. Anal Chem 2020; 92:2383-2387. [PMID: 31898453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There is a strong need for careful quality control in hydrogen compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA) of halogenated compounds. This arises in part due to the lack of universal design of the chromium (Cr) reactors. In this study, factors that optimize the critical performance parameter, linearity, for the Cr reduction method for hydrogen isotope analysis were identified and evaluated. These include the effects of short and long vertically mounted reactors and temperature profiles on trapping of Cl to ensure accurate and precise hydrogen isotope measurements. This paper demonstrates the critical parameters that need consideration to optimize any Cr reactor applications to ensure the accuracy of δ2H analysis for organic compounds and to enhance intercomparability for both international standards and reference materials run by continuous flow versus an elemental analyzer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetyana Gilevska
- Department of Earth Sciences , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3B1 , Canada
| | - Ann Sullivan Ojeda
- Department of Earth Sciences , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3B1 , Canada
| | - Julian Renpenning
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstrasse 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstrasse 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Matthias Gehre
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstrasse 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstrasse 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
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