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Ho D, Corde S, Chen C, Saade G, Betteridge C, Mobbs R. The use of carbon fiber/polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK) in pedicle screw fixation for spinal neoplasms-potential advantages in postoperative imaging and radiotherapy planning. J Spine Surg 2024; 10:8-21. [PMID: 38567011 PMCID: PMC10982921 DOI: 10.21037/jss-23-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Titanium pedicle screw fixation complicates postoperative care in patients with spinal neoplasms due to postoperative imaging artefacts and dose perturbation. This study aims to measure the benefits of using carbon fiber/polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK) pedicle fixation compared to titanium in postoperative imaging, radiotherapy planning and delivery for spinal neoplasms treated with conventional external beam radiotherapy with a commercial treatment planning system. Methods The properties of CF/PEEK pedicle fixation systems were compared to titanium in radiotherapy dose planning accuracy and postoperative computed tomography (CT) image quality. Dose profiles through the screw, tulip and longitudinal axis of the screw were acquired with radiochromic films and compared to a collapsed cone algorithm simulation, to measure dose agreement. The image quality of postoperative CTs were compared by defining four regions of interest around the vertebrae and screws in water phantom models and previous planning CTs, and comparing calculated artefact indexes (AIs). Results CF/PEEK screws have non-inferior dosimetric prediction accuracy up to 50 mm beneath the screw for collapsed-cone algorithm planning systems. There is a statistically significant reduction in the absolute difference between calculated and measured dose at a depth of 2 mm beneath the screw. There is minimal attenuation with CF/PEEK relative to the surrounding dose, extending to 50 mm beneath the screw. There is a statistically significant improvement in CT imaging quality with reduced AIs in CF/PEEK fixation compared to titanium in both model and patient CT plans. Conclusions CF/PEEK pedicle fixation can provide benefits in postoperative imaging and photon radiotherapy planning and delivery to patients with spinal neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ho
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- NeuroSpine Clinic, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
- NeuroSpine Surgery Research Group (NSURG), Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephanie Corde
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, SydneyAustralia
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Colin Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, SydneyAustralia
| | - George Saade
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, SydneyAustralia
| | - Callum Betteridge
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- NeuroSpine Clinic, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
- NeuroSpine Surgery Research Group (NSURG), Sydney, Australia
| | - Ralph Mobbs
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- NeuroSpine Clinic, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
- NeuroSpine Surgery Research Group (NSURG), Sydney, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
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2
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Knetsch A, Andriyash IA, Gilljohann M, Kononenko O, Matheron A, Mankovska Y, San Miguel Claveria P, Zakharova V, Adli E, Corde S. High Average Gradient in a Laser-Gated Multistage Plasma Wakefield Accelerator. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:135001. [PMID: 37831999 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.135001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Plasma wakefield accelerators driven by particle beams are capable of providing accelerating gradient several orders of magnitude higher than currently used radio-frequency technology, which could reduce the length of particle accelerators, with drastic influence on the development of future colliders at TeV energies and the minimization of x-ray free-electron lasers. Since interplasma components and distances are among the biggest contributors to the total accelerator length, the design of staged plasma accelerators is one of the most important outstanding questions in order to render this technology instrumental. Here, we present a novel concept to optimize interplasma distances in a staged beam-driven plasma accelerator by drive-beam coupling in the temporal domain and gating the accelerator via a femtosecond ionization laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Knetsch
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - I A Andriyash
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Gilljohann
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - O Kononenko
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Matheron
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - Y Mankovska
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - P San Miguel Claveria
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - V Zakharova
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - E Adli
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - S Corde
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91762 Palaiseau, France
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3
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Debrot E, Liu P, Gardner M, Heng SM, Chan CH, Corde S, Downes S, Jackson M, Keall P. Nano X Image Guidance in radiation therapy: feasibility study protocol for cone beam computed tomography imaging with gravity-induced motion. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2023; 9:95. [PMID: 37312127 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-023-01340-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper describes the protocol for the Nano X Image Guidance (Nano X IG) trial, a single-institution, clinical imaging study. The Nano X is a prototype fixed-beam radiotherapy system developed to investigate the feasibility of a low-cost, compact radiotherapy system to increase global access to radiation therapy. This study aims to assess the feasibility of volumetric image guidance with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquired during horizontal patient rotation on the Nano X radiotherapy system. METHODS In the Nano X IG study, we will determine whether radiotherapy image guidance can be performed with the Nano X radiotherapy system where the patient is horizontally rotated while scan projections are acquired. We will acquire both conventional CBCT scans and Nano X CBCT scans for 30 patients aged 18 and above and receiving radiotherapy for head/neck or upper abdomen cancers. For each patient, a panel of experts will assess the image quality of Nano X CBCT scans against conventional CBCT scans. Each patient will receive two Nano X CBCT scans to determine the image quality reproducibility, the extent and reproducibility of patient motion and assess patient tolerance. DISCUSSION Fixed-beam radiotherapy systems have the potential to help ease the current shortfall and increase global access to radiotherapy treatment. Advances in image guidance could facilitate fixed-beam radiotherapy using horizontal patient rotation. The efficacy of this radiotherapy approach is dependent on our ability to image and adapt to motion due to rotation and for patients to tolerate rotation during treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04488224. Registered on 27 July 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Debrot
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, ACRF Image X Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Liu
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, ACRF Image X Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Gardner
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, ACRF Image X Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
| | - Soo Min Heng
- Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Chin Hwa Chan
- Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephanie Corde
- Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Downes
- Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Jackson
- Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Keall
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, ACRF Image X Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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4
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Perry J, Minaei E, Engels E, Ashford BG, McAlary L, Clark JR, Gupta R, Tehei M, Corde S, Carolan M, Ranson M. Thulium oxide nanoparticles as radioenhancers for the treatment of metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:215018. [PMID: 32726756 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/abaa5d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Metastases from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) occur in 2%-5% of cases. Surgery is the standard treatment, often combined with adjuvant radiotherapy. Concurrent carboplatin treatment with post-operative radiotherapy may be prescribed, although it has not shown benefit in recent clinical trials in high-risk cSCC patients. The novel high-Z nanoparticle thulium (III) oxide has been shown to enhance radiation dose delivery to brain tumors by specific uptake of these nanoparticles into the cancerous tissue. As the dose-enhancement capacity of thulium oxide nanoparticles following radiotherapy against metastatic cSCC cells is unknown, its efficacy as a radiosensitizer was evaluated, with and without carboplatin. Novel and validated human patient-derived cell lines of metastatic cSCC were used. The sensitivity of the cells to radiation was investigated using short-term proliferation assays as well as clonogenic survival as the radiobiological endpoint. Briefly, cells were irradiated with 125 kVp orthovoltage x-rays (0-6 Gy) with and without thulium oxide nanoparticles (99.9% trace metals basis; 50 µg ml-1) or low dose carboplatin pre-sensitization. Cellular uptake of the nanoparticles was first confirmed by microscopy and found to have no impact on short-term cell survival for the cSCC cells, highlighting the biocompatibility of thulium oxide nanoparticles. Clonogenic cell survival assays confirmed radio-sensitization when exposed to thulium nanoparticles, with the cell sensitivity increasing by a factor of 1.24 (calculated at the 10% survival fraction) for the irradiated cSCC cells. The combination of carboplatin with thulium oxide nanoparticles with irradiation did not result in significant further reductions in survival compared to nanoparticles alone. This is the first study to provide in vitro data demonstrating the independent radiosensitization effect of high-Z nanoparticles against metastatic cSCC with or without carboplatin. Further preclinical investigations with radiotherapy plus high-Z nanoparticles for the management of metastatic cSCC are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Perry
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia. School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia. Centre for Oncology Education and Research Translation (CONCERT), NSW 2170, Australia
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5
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Ghaith A, Oumbarek D, Roussel E, Corde S, Labat M, André T, Loulergue A, Andriyash IA, Chubar O, Kononenko O, Smartsev S, Marcouillé O, Kitégi C, Marteau F, Valléau M, Thaury C, Gautier J, Sebban S, Tafzi A, Blache F, Briquez F, Tavakoli K, Carcy A, Bouvet F, Dietrich Y, Lambert G, Hubert N, El Ajjouri M, Polack F, Dennetière D, Leclercq N, Rommeluère P, Duval JP, Sebdaoui M, Bourgoin C, Lestrade A, Benabderrahmane C, Vétéran J, Berteaud P, De Oliveira C, Goddet JP, Herbeaux C, Szwaj C, Bielawski S, Malka V, Couprie ME. Tunable High Spatio-Spectral Purity Undulator Radiation from a Transported Laser Plasma Accelerated Electron Beam. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19020. [PMID: 31836730 PMCID: PMC6910930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55209-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Undulator based synchrotron light sources and Free Electron Lasers (FELs) are valuable modern probes of matter with high temporal and spatial resolution. Laser Plasma Accelerators (LPAs), delivering GeV electron beams in few centimeters, are good candidates for future compact light sources. However the barriers set by the large energy spread, divergence and shot-to-shot fluctuations require a specific transport line, to shape the electron beam phase space for achieving ultrashort undulator synchrotron radiation suitable for users and even for achieving FEL amplification. Proof-of-principle LPA based undulator emission, with strong electron focusing or transport, does not yet exhibit the full specific radiation properties. We report on the generation of undulator radiation with an LPA beam based manipulation in a dedicated transport line with versatile properties. After evidencing the specific spatio-spectral signature, we tune the resonant wavelength within 200-300 nm by modification of the electron beam energy and the undulator field. We achieve a wavelength stability of 2.6%. We demonstrate that we can control the spatio-spectral purity and spectral brightness by reducing the energy range inside the chicane. We have also observed the second harmonic emission of the undulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghaith
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France. .,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.
| | - D Oumbarek
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - E Roussel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523 - PhLAM - Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, 59000, Lille, France
| | - S Corde
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bd des Maréchaux, 91762, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - M Labat
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - T André
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - A Loulergue
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - I A Andriyash
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 761001, Israel
| | - O Chubar
- NSLS-II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 98 Rochester St, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - O Kononenko
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bd des Maréchaux, 91762, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - S Smartsev
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bd des Maréchaux, 91762, Palaiseau Cedex, France.,Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 761001, Israel
| | - O Marcouillé
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - C Kitégi
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - F Marteau
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - M Valléau
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - C Thaury
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bd des Maréchaux, 91762, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - J Gautier
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bd des Maréchaux, 91762, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - S Sebban
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bd des Maréchaux, 91762, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - A Tafzi
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bd des Maréchaux, 91762, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - F Blache
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - F Briquez
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - K Tavakoli
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - A Carcy
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - F Bouvet
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - Y Dietrich
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - G Lambert
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bd des Maréchaux, 91762, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - N Hubert
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - M El Ajjouri
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - F Polack
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - D Dennetière
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - N Leclercq
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - P Rommeluère
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - J-P Duval
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - M Sebdaoui
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - C Bourgoin
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - A Lestrade
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - C Benabderrahmane
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - J Vétéran
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - P Berteaud
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - C De Oliveira
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - J P Goddet
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bd des Maréchaux, 91762, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - C Herbeaux
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - C Szwaj
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523 - PhLAM - Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, 59000, Lille, France
| | - S Bielawski
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523 - PhLAM - Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, 59000, Lille, France
| | - V Malka
- LOA, ENSTA Paris, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bd des Maréchaux, 91762, Palaiseau Cedex, France.,Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 761001, Israel
| | - M-E Couprie
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
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6
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San Miguel Claveria P, Adli E, Amorim LD, An W, Clayton CE, Corde S, Gessner S, Hogan MJ, Joshi C, Kononenko O, Litos M, Lu W, Marsh KA, Mori WB, O'Shea B, Raj G, Storey D, Vafaei-Najafabadi N, White G, Xu X, Yakimenko V. Betatron radiation and emittance growth in plasma wakefield accelerators. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2019; 377:20180173. [PMID: 31230577 PMCID: PMC6602914 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2018.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration (PWFA) has demonstrated significant progress during the past two decades of research. The new Facility for Advanced Accelerator Experimental Tests (FACET) II, currently under construction, will provide 10 GeV electron beams with unprecedented parameters for the next generation of PWFA experiments. In the context of the FACET II facility, we present simulation results on expected betatron radiation and its potential application to diagnose emittance preservation and hosing instability in the upcoming PWFA experiments. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Directions in particle beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration'.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. San Miguel Claveria
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - E. Adli
- University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - L. D. Amorim
- Stonybrook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - W. An
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - C. E. Clayton
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - S. Corde
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | | | - M. J. Hogan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - C. Joshi
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - O. Kononenko
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - M. Litos
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - W. Lu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, People's Republic of China
| | - K. A. Marsh
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - W. B. Mori
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - B. O'Shea
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - G. Raj
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - D. Storey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - G. White
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Xinlu Xu
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - V. Yakimenko
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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7
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Martinez de la Ossa A, Assmann RW, Bussmann M, Corde S, Couperus Cabadağ JP, Debus A, Döpp A, Ferran Pousa A, Gilljohann MF, Heinemann T, Hidding B, Irman A, Karsch S, Kononenko O, Kurz T, Osterhoff J, Pausch R, Schöbel S, Schramm U. Hybrid LWFA-PWFA staging as a beam energy and brightness transformer: conceptual design and simulations. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2019; 377:20180175. [PMID: 31230579 PMCID: PMC6602909 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2018.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a conceptual design for a hybrid laser-driven plasma wakefield accelerator (LWFA) to beam-driven plasma wakefield accelerator (PWFA). In this set-up, the output beams from an LWFA stage are used as input beams of a new PWFA stage. In the PWFA stage, a new witness beam of largely increased quality can be produced and accelerated to higher energies. The feasibility and the potential of this concept is shown through exemplary particle-in-cell simulations. In addition, preliminary simulation results for a proof-of-concept experiment in Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (Germany) are shown. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Directions in particle beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration'.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. W. Assmann
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Bussmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf HZDR, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - S. Corde
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech - CNRS - École Polytechnique - Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | | | - A. Debus
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf HZDR, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - A. Döpp
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Am Coulombwall 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A. Ferran Pousa
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. F. Gilljohann
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Am Coulombwall 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T. Heinemann
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
| | - B. Hidding
- Department of Physics, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
| | - A. Irman
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf HZDR, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - S. Karsch
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Am Coulombwall 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - O. Kononenko
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech - CNRS - École Polytechnique - Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - T. Kurz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf HZDR, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - J. Osterhoff
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R. Pausch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf HZDR, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - S. Schöbel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf HZDR, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - U. Schramm
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf HZDR, 01328 Dresden, Germany
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8
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Vafaei-Najafabadi N, Amorim LD, Adli E, An W, Clarke CI, Clayton CE, Corde S, Gessner S, Green SZ, Hogan MJ, Joshi C, Kononenko O, Lindstrøm CA, Litos M, Lu W, Marsh KA, Mori WB, San Miguel Claveria P, O'Shea B, Raj G, Storey D, White G, Xu X, Yakimenko V. Producing multi-coloured bunches through beam-induced ionization injection in plasma wakefield accelerator. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2019; 377:20180184. [PMID: 31230576 PMCID: PMC6602915 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2018.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper discusses the properties of electron beams formed in plasma wakefield accelerators through ionization injection. In particular, the potential for generating a beam composed of co-located multi-colour beamlets is demonstrated in the case where the ionization is initiated by the evolving charge field of the drive beam itself. The physics of the processes of ionization and injection are explored through OSIRIS simulations. Experimental evidence showing similar features are presented from the data obtained in the E217 experiment at the FACET facility of the SLAC National Laboratory. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Directions in particle beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration'.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L. D. Amorim
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - E. Adli
- University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - W. An
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - C. I. Clarke
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - C. E. Clayton
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - S. Corde
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91762, France
| | | | - S. Z. Green
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - M. J. Hogan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - C. Joshi
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - O. Kononenko
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91762, France
| | | | - M. Litos
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - W. Lu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, People's Republic of China
| | - K. A. Marsh
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - W. B. Mori
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - P. San Miguel Claveria
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91762, France
| | - B. O'Shea
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - G. Raj
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91762, France
| | - D. Storey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - G. White
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Xinlu Xu
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - V. Yakimenko
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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9
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Pagulayan C, Heng SM, Corde S. Dosimetric validation of the Theragenics AgX-100® I-125 seed for ROPES eye plaque brachytherapy. Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 2019; 42:599-609. [PMID: 31087233 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-019-00761-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
With the discontinued distribution of the I-125 Oncura Onco seed (model 6711), the Theragenics AgX100® I-125 seeds were considered as a suitable alternative for eye plaque brachytherapy as their physical properties matched the requirements for use with the ROPES eye plaques. The purpose of this study aims at validating the dosimetry of the AgX-100 loaded ROPES plaques (11 mm diameter, 15 mm diameter with flange, 15 mm diameter with notch, 18 mm diameter) and assess the differences with the discontinued I-125 6711 model. To independently verify the plaque dosimetry, the brachytherapy module of RADCALC® version 6.2.3.6 was commissioned for the new AgX-100 I-125 seed using the published AAPM TG43 data from the literature. Experimental dosimetry verification was performed using EBT3 Gafchromic™ film and TLD-100 micro-cubes in a specially designed Solid Water® phantom. Both RADCALC® and film confirmed the dosimetry calculated by Plaque Simulator (PS) version 6.4.6 The dose calculated by PS agrees with RADCALC® to within 2% for depths of 1-15 mm for the 4 available ROPES plaques. The dosimetric measurements agreed with the calculations of PS for clinically relevant depths (4 mm to 6 mm) within the evaluated uncertainties of 4.7% and 7.2% for EBT3 film and TLDs respectively. The AgX-100 I-125 seed was a suitable replacement for the 6711 I-125 seed. Due to the introduction of the stainless-steel backscatter factor in PS v6.4.6, the department has decided to report both the homogenous dose and heterogeneity corrected dose for each eye plaque patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Pagulayan
- Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Soo Min Heng
- Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephanie Corde
- Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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10
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Biasi G, Al Shukaili K, Petasecca M, Corde S, Guatelli S, Perevertaylo VL, Kron T, Rosenfeld AB. Today’s monolithic silicon array detector for small field dosimetry: the Octa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1154/1/012002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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11
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Liu PZY, O'Brien R, Heng SM, Newall M, Downes S, Shieh CC, Corde S, Jackson M, Keall P. Development and commissioning of a full-size prototype fixed-beam radiotherapy system with horizontal patient rotation. Med Phys 2019; 46:1331-1340. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Zhi Yuan Liu
- ACRF Image X Institute; University of Sydney Central Clinical School; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Ricky O'Brien
- ACRF Image X Institute; University of Sydney Central Clinical School; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Soo-Min Heng
- Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre; Prince of Wales Hospital; Randwick NSW Australia
| | - Matthew Newall
- Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre; Prince of Wales Hospital; Randwick NSW Australia
| | - Simon Downes
- Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre; Prince of Wales Hospital; Randwick NSW Australia
| | - Chun-Chen Shieh
- ACRF Image X Institute; University of Sydney Central Clinical School; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Stephanie Corde
- Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre; Prince of Wales Hospital; Randwick NSW Australia
| | - Michael Jackson
- Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre; Prince of Wales Hospital; Randwick NSW Australia
| | - Paul Keall
- ACRF Image X Institute; University of Sydney Central Clinical School; Sydney NSW Australia
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12
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Ferri J, Corde S, Döpp A, Lifschitz A, Doche A, Thaury C, Ta Phuoc K, Mahieu B, Andriyash IA, Malka V, Davoine X. High-Brilliance Betatron γ-Ray Source Powered by Laser-Accelerated Electrons. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:254802. [PMID: 29979083 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.254802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in laser-driven plasma acceleration now enables the acceleration of electrons to several gigaelectronvolts. Taking advantage of these novel accelerators, ultrashort, compact, and spatially coherent x-ray sources called betatron radiation have been developed and applied to high-resolution imaging. However, the scope of the betatron sources is limited by a low energy efficiency and a photon energy in the 10 s of kiloelectronvolt range, which for example prohibits the use of these sources for probing dense matter. Here, based on three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we propose an original hybrid scheme that combines a low-density laser-driven plasma accelerator with a high-density beam-driven plasma radiator, thereby considerably increasing the photon energy and the radiated energy of the betatron source. The energy efficiency is also greatly improved, with about 1% of the laser energy transferred to the radiation, and the γ-ray photon energy exceeds the megaelectronvolt range when using a 15 J laser pulse. This high-brilliance hybrid betatron source opens the way to a wide range of applications requiring MeV photons, such as the production of medical isotopes with photonuclear reactions, radiography of dense objects in the defense or industrial domains, and imaging in nuclear physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ferri
- CEA, DAM, DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91762 Palaiseau, France
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Corde
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Döpp
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91762 Palaiseau, France
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Fakultät für Physik, Am Coulombwall 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - A Lifschitz
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Doche
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - C Thaury
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - K Ta Phuoc
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - B Mahieu
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - I A Andriyash
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department of Physics and Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761001, Israel
| | - V Malka
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91762 Palaiseau, France
- Department of Physics and Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761001, Israel
| | - X Davoine
- CEA, DAM, DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France
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13
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Minaei E, Brungs D, Engels E, Vine K, Tehei M, Corde S, Ranson M. PO-437 Drug and radio sensitivity profile of a primary CTC cell line derived from a patient with metastatic neuroendocrine tumour of the distal oesophagus. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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14
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Lindstrøm CA, Adli E, Allen JM, An W, Beekman C, Clarke CI, Clayton CE, Corde S, Doche A, Frederico J, Gessner SJ, Green SZ, Hogan MJ, Joshi C, Litos M, Lu W, Marsh KA, Mori WB, O'Shea BD, Vafaei-Najafabadi N, Yakimenko V. Measurement of Transverse Wakefields Induced by a Misaligned Positron Bunch in a Hollow Channel Plasma Accelerator. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:124802. [PMID: 29694092 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.124802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hollow channel plasma wakefield acceleration is a proposed method to provide high acceleration gradients for electrons and positrons alike: a key to future lepton colliders. However, beams which are misaligned from the channel axis induce strong transverse wakefields, deflecting beams and reducing the collider luminosity. This undesirable consequence sets a tight constraint on the alignment accuracy of the beam propagating through the channel. Direct measurements of beam misalignment-induced transverse wakefields are therefore essential for designing mitigation strategies. We present the first quantitative measurements of transverse wakefields in a hollow plasma channel, induced by an off-axis 20 GeV positron bunch, and measured with another 20 GeV lower charge trailing positron probe bunch. The measurements are largely consistent with theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Lindstrøm
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - E Adli
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - J M Allen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - W An
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - C Beekman
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - C I Clarke
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - C E Clayton
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - S Corde
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Doche
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - J Frederico
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S J Gessner
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Z Green
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M J Hogan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - C Joshi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - M Litos
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - W Lu
- IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K A Marsh
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W B Mori
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - B D O'Shea
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - N Vafaei-Najafabadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - V Yakimenko
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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15
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Lazarakis P, Incerti S, Ivanchenko V, Kyriakou I, Emfietzoglou D, Corde S, Rosenfeld AB, Lerch M, Tehei M, Guatelli S. Investigation of track structure and condensed history physics models for applications in radiation dosimetry on a micro and nano scale in Geant4. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aaa6aa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Doche A, Beekman C, Corde S, Allen JM, Clarke CI, Frederico J, Gessner SJ, Green SZ, Hogan MJ, O'Shea B, Yakimenko V, An W, Clayton CE, Joshi C, Marsh KA, Mori WB, Vafaei-Najafabadi N, Litos MD, Adli E, Lindstrøm CA, Lu W. Acceleration of a trailing positron bunch in a plasma wakefield accelerator. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14180. [PMID: 29079817 PMCID: PMC5660186 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14524-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High gradients of energy gain and high energy efficiency are necessary parameters for compact, cost-efficient and high-energy particle colliders. Plasma Wakefield Accelerators (PWFA) offer both, making them attractive candidates for next-generation colliders. In these devices, a charge-density plasma wave is excited by an ultra-relativistic bunch of charged particles (the drive bunch). The energy in the wave can be extracted by a second bunch (the trailing bunch), as this bunch propagates in the wake of the drive bunch. While a trailing electron bunch was accelerated in a plasma with more than a gigaelectronvolt of energy gain, accelerating a trailing positron bunch in a plasma is much more challenging as the plasma response can be asymmetric for positrons and electrons. We report the demonstration of the energy gain by a distinct trailing positron bunch in a plasma wakefield accelerator, spanning nonlinear to quasi-linear regimes, and unveil the beam loading process underlying the accelerator energy efficiency. A positron bunch is used to drive the plasma wake in the experiment, though the quasi-linear wake structure could as easily be formed by an electron bunch or a laser driver. The results thus mark the first acceleration of a distinct positron bunch in plasma-based particle accelerators.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Doche
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Universite Paris-Saclay, 91762, Palaiseau, France.
| | - C Beekman
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Universite Paris-Saclay, 91762, Palaiseau, France
| | - S Corde
- LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Universite Paris-Saclay, 91762, Palaiseau, France.
| | - J M Allen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - C I Clarke
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - J Frederico
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - S J Gessner
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - S Z Green
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - M J Hogan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - B O'Shea
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - V Yakimenko
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - W An
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - C E Clayton
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - C Joshi
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - K A Marsh
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - W B Mori
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | | | - M D Litos
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - E Adli
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - C A Lindstrøm
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - W Lu
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
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17
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Engels E, Lerch M, Tehei M, Konstantinov K, Guatelli S, Rosenfeld A, Corde S. Synchrotron activation radiotherapy: Effects of dose-rate and energy spectra to tantalum oxide nanoparticles selective tumour cell radiosentization enhancement. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/777/1/012011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Clayton CE, Adli E, Allen J, An W, Clarke CI, Corde S, Frederico J, Gessner S, Green SZ, Hogan MJ, Joshi C, Litos M, Lu W, Marsh KA, Mori WB, Vafaei-Najafabadi N, Xu X, Yakimenko V. Self-mapping the longitudinal field structure of a nonlinear plasma accelerator cavity. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12483. [PMID: 27527569 PMCID: PMC4990705 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The preservation of emittance of the accelerating beam is the next challenge for plasma-based accelerators envisioned for future light sources and colliders. The field structure of a highly nonlinear plasma wake is potentially suitable for this purpose but has not been yet measured. Here we show that the longitudinal variation of the fields in a nonlinear plasma wakefield accelerator cavity produced by a relativistic electron bunch can be mapped using the bunch itself as a probe. We find that, for much of the cavity that is devoid of plasma electrons, the transverse force is constant longitudinally to within ±3% (r.m.s.). Moreover, comparison of experimental data and simulations has resulted in mapping of the longitudinal electric field of the unloaded wake up to 83 GV m(-1) to a similar degree of accuracy. These results bode well for high-gradient, high-efficiency acceleration of electron bunches while preserving their emittance in such a cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Clayton
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Adli
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - J Allen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - W An
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - C I Clarke
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Corde
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91762, France
| | - J Frederico
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Gessner
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Z Green
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M J Hogan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - C Joshi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - M Litos
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - W Lu
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K A Marsh
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W B Mori
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - N Vafaei-Najafabadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Xu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - V Yakimenko
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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19
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Espinoza A, Petasecca M, Fuduli I, Howie A, Bucci J, Corde S, Jackson M, Lerch MLF, Rosenfelda AB. The evaluation of a 2D diode array in “magic phantom” for use in high dose rate brachytherapy pretreatment quality assurance. Med Phys 2015; 42:663-673. [PMID: 25771556 DOI: 10.1118/1.4905233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE High dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy is a treatment method that is used increasingly worldwide. The development of a sound quality assurance program for the verification of treatment deliveries can be challenging due to the high source activity utilized and the need for precise measurements of dwell positions and times. This paper describes the application of a novel phantom, based on a 2D 11 × 11 diode array detection system, named “magic phantom” (MPh), to accurately measure plan dwell positions and times, compare them directly to the treatment plan, determine errors in treatment delivery, and calculate absorbed dose. METHODS The magic phantom system was CT scanned and a 20 catheter plan was generated to simulate a nonspecific treatment scenario. This plan was delivered to the MPh and, using a custom developed software suite, the dwell positions and times were measured and compared to the plan. The original plan was also modified, with changes not disclosed to the primary authors, and measured again using the device and software to determine the modifications. A new metric, the “position–time gamma index,” was developed to quantify the quality of a treatment delivery when compared to the treatment plan. The MPh was evaluated to determine the minimum measurable dwell time and step size. The incorporation of the TG-43U1 formalism directly into the software allows for dose calculations to be made based on the measured plan. The estimated dose distributions calculated by the software were compared to the treatment plan and to calibrated EBT3 film, using the 2D gamma analysis method. RESULTS For the original plan, the magic phantom system was capable of measuring all dwell points and dwell times and the majority were found to be within 0.93 mm and 0.25 s, respectively, from the plan. By measuring the altered plan and comparing it to the unmodified treatment plan, the use of the position–time gamma index showed that all modifications made could be readily detected. The MPh was able to measure dwell times down to 0.067 ± 0.001 s and planned dwell positions separated by 1 mm. The dose calculation carried out by the MPh software was found to be in agreement with values calculated by the treatment planning system within 0.75%. Using the 2D gamma index, the dose map of the MPh plane and measured EBT3 were found to have a pass rate of over 95% when compared to the original plan. CONCLUSIONS The application of this magic phantom quality assurance system to HDR brachytherapy has demonstrated promising ability to perform the verification of treatment plans, based upon the measured dwell positions and times. The introduction of the quantitative position–time gamma index allows for direct comparison of measured parameters against the plan and could be used prior to patient treatment to ensure accurate delivery.
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Corde S, Adli E, Allen JM, An W, Clarke CI, Clayton CE, Delahaye JP, Frederico J, Gessner S, Green SZ, Hogan MJ, Joshi C, Lipkowitz N, Litos M, Lu W, Marsh KA, Mori WB, Schmeltz M, Vafaei-Najafabadi N, Walz D, Yakimenko V, Yocky G. Multi-gigaelectronvolt acceleration of positrons in a self-loaded plasma wakefield. Nature 2015; 524:442-5. [PMID: 26310764 DOI: 10.1038/nature14890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Electrical breakdown sets a limit on the kinetic energy that particles in a conventional radio-frequency accelerator can reach. New accelerator concepts must be developed to achieve higher energies and to make future particle colliders more compact and affordable. The plasma wakefield accelerator (PWFA) embodies one such concept, in which the electric field of a plasma wake excited by a bunch of charged particles (such as electrons) is used to accelerate a trailing bunch of particles. To apply plasma acceleration to electron-positron colliders, it is imperative that both the electrons and their antimatter counterpart, the positrons, are efficiently accelerated at high fields using plasmas. Although substantial progress has recently been reported on high-field, high-efficiency acceleration of electrons in a PWFA powered by an electron bunch, such an electron-driven wake is unsuitable for the acceleration and focusing of a positron bunch. Here we demonstrate a new regime of PWFAs where particles in the front of a single positron bunch transfer their energy to a substantial number of those in the rear of the same bunch by exciting a wakefield in the plasma. In the process, the accelerating field is altered--'self-loaded'--so that about a billion positrons gain five gigaelectronvolts of energy with a narrow energy spread over a distance of just 1.3 metres. They extract about 30 per cent of the wake's energy and form a spectrally distinct bunch with a root-mean-square energy spread as low as 1.8 per cent. This ability to transfer energy efficiently from the front to the rear within a single positron bunch makes the PWFA scheme very attractive as an energy booster to an electron-positron collider.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Corde
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,LOA, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - E Adli
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - J M Allen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - W An
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - C I Clarke
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - C E Clayton
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J P Delahaye
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J Frederico
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Gessner
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Z Green
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M J Hogan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - C Joshi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - N Lipkowitz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Litos
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - W Lu
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K A Marsh
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W B Mori
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - M Schmeltz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - N Vafaei-Najafabadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - D Walz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - V Yakimenko
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - G Yocky
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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Espinoza A, Petasecca M, Cutajar D, Fuduli I, Howie A, Bucci J, Corde S, Jackson M, Zaider M, Lerch MLF, Rosenfeld AB. Pretreatment verification of high dose rate brachytherapy plans using the ‘magic phantom’ system. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/1/2/025201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Espinoza A, Petasecca M, Fuduli I, Howie A, Corde S, Bucci J, Jackson M, Lerch M, Rosenfeld A. OC-0272: "Magic phantom" - a quality assurance system for high dose rate brachytherapy. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)40270-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Litos M, Adli E, An W, Clarke CI, Clayton CE, Corde S, Delahaye JP, England RJ, Fisher AS, Frederico J, Gessner S, Green SZ, Hogan MJ, Joshi C, Lu W, Marsh KA, Mori WB, Muggli P, Vafaei-Najafabadi N, Walz D, White G, Wu Z, Yakimenko V, Yocky G. High-efficiency acceleration of an electron beam in a plasma wakefield accelerator. Nature 2014; 515:92-5. [DOI: 10.1038/nature13882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Vafaei-Najafabadi N, Marsh KA, Clayton CE, An W, Mori WB, Joshi C, Lu W, Adli E, Corde S, Litos M, Li S, Gessner S, Frederico J, Fisher AS, Wu Z, Walz D, England RJ, Delahaye JP, Clarke CI, Hogan MJ, Muggli P. Beam loading by distributed injection of electrons in a plasma wakefield accelerator. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:025001. [PMID: 24484020 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.025001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We show through experiments and supporting simulations that propagation of a highly relativistic and dense electron bunch through a plasma can lead to distributed injection of electrons, which depletes the accelerating field, i.e., beam loads the wake. The source of the injected electrons is ionization of the second electron of rubidium (Rb II) within the wake. This injection of excess charge is large enough to severely beam load the wake, and thereby reduce the transformer ratio T. The reduction of the average T with increasing beam loading is quantified for the first time by measuring the ratio of peak energy gain and loss of electrons while changing the beam emittance. Simulations show that beam loading by Rb II electrons contributes to the reduction of the peak accelerating field from its weakly loaded value of 43 GV/m to a strongly loaded value of 26 GV/m.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Vafaei-Najafabadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - K A Marsh
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - C E Clayton
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W An
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W B Mori
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA and Department of Physics and astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | | | - W Lu
- Department of Physics and astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - E Adli
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA and Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - S Corde
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Litos
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Li
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Gessner
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J Frederico
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A S Fisher
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Z Wu
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D Walz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R J England
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J P Delahaye
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - C I Clarke
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M J Hogan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - P Muggli
- Max Planck Institute for Physics, 80805 Munich, Germany
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25
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Thwaites D, Hansen C, Kafrouni M, Caloz M, Leturgie Q, Corde S, Downes S, Barber J, Sykes J, Juneja P, Lehmann J. Pilot dose intercomparisons of 3D and 4D advanced lung radiotherapy. Phys Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2014.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Espinoza A, Beeksma B, Petasecca M, Fuduli I, Porumb C, Cutajar D, Corde S, Jackson M, Lerch MLF, Rosenfeld AB. The feasibility study and characterization of a two-dimensional diode array in “magic phantom” for high dose rate brachytherapy quality assurance. Med Phys 2013; 40:111702. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4822736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Thaury C, Guillaume E, Corde S, Lehe R, Le Bouteiller M, Ta Phuoc K, Davoine X, Rax JM, Rousse A, Malka V. Angular-momentum evolution in laser-plasma accelerators. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:135002. [PMID: 24116787 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.135002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The transverse properties of an electron beam are characterized by two quantities, the emittance which indicates the electron beam extent in the phase space and the angular momentum which allows for nonplanar electron trajectories. Whereas the emittance of electron beams produced in a laser-plasma accelerator has been measured in several experiments, their angular momentum has been scarcely studied. It was demonstrated that electrons in a laser-plasma accelerator carry some angular momentum, but its origin was not established. Here we identify one source of angular-momentum growth and we present experimental results showing that the angular-momentum content evolves during the acceleration.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Thaury
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA ParisTech-CNRS UMR7639-École Polytechnique, Chemin de la Hunière, 91761 Palaiseau, France
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Hidding B, Rosenzweig JB, Xi Y, O'Shea B, Andonian G, Schiller D, Barber S, Williams O, Pretzler G, Königstein T, Kleeschulte F, Hogan MJ, Litos M, Corde S, White WW, Muggli P, Bruhwiler DL, Lotov K. Beyond injection: Trojan horse underdense photocathode plasma wakefield acceleration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4773760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Corde S, Phuoc KT, Fitour R, Faure J, Tafzi A, Goddet JP, Malka V, Rousse A. Controlled betatron x-ray radiation from tunable optically injected electrons. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:255003. [PMID: 22243084 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.255003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The features of Betatron x-ray emission produced in a laser-plasma accelerator are closely linked to the properties of the relativistic electrons which are at the origin of the radiation. While in interaction regimes explored previously the source was by nature unstable, following the fluctuations of the electron beam, we demonstrate in this Letter the possibility to generate x-ray Betatron radiation with controlled and reproducible features, allowing fine studies of its properties. To do so, Betatron radiation is produced using monoenergetic electrons with tunable energies from a laser-plasma accelerator with colliding pulse injection [J. Faure et al., Nature (London) 444, 737 (2006)]. The presented study provides evidence of the correlations between electrons and x-rays, and the obtained results open significant perspectives toward the production of a stable and controlled femtosecond Betatron x-ray source in the keV range.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Corde
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA ParisTech - CNRS UMR7639 - École Polytechnique, Chemin de la Hunière, 91761 Palaiseau, France
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30
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Corde S, Thaury C, Phuoc KT, Lifschitz A, Lambert G, Faure J, Lundh O, Benveniste E, Ben-Ismail A, Arantchuk L, Marciniak A, Stordeur A, Brijesh P, Rousse A, Specka A, Malka V. Mapping the x-ray emission region in a laser-plasma accelerator. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:215004. [PMID: 22181891 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.215004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The x-ray emission in laser-plasma accelerators can be a powerful tool to understand the physics of relativistic laser-plasma interaction. It is shown here that the mapping of betatron x-ray radiation can be obtained from the x-ray beam profile when an aperture mask is positioned just beyond the end of the emission region. The influence of the plasma density on the position and the longitudinal profile of the x-ray emission is investigated and compared to particle-in-cell simulations. The measurement of the x-ray emission position and length provides insight on the dynamics of the interaction, including the electron self-injection region, possible multiple injection, and the role of the electron beam driven wakefield.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Corde
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA ParisTech - CNRS UMR-École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
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Fourmaux S, Corde S, Phuoc KT, Lassonde P, Lebrun G, Payeur S, Martin F, Sebban S, Malka V, Rousse A, Kieffer JC. Single shot phase contrast imaging using laser-produced Betatron x-ray beams. Opt Lett 2011; 36:2426-2428. [PMID: 21725433 DOI: 10.1364/ol.36.002426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Development of x-ray phase contrast imaging applications with a laboratory scale source have been limited by the long exposure time needed to obtain one image. We demonstrate, using the Betatron x-ray radiation produced when electrons are accelerated and wiggled in the laser-wakefield cavity, that a high-quality phase contrast image of a complex object (here, a bee), located in air, can be obtained with a single laser shot. The Betatron x-ray source used in this proof of principle experiment has a source diameter of 1.7 μm and produces a synchrotron spectrum with critical energy E(c)=12.3±2.5 keV and 10⁹ photons per shot in the whole spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fourmaux
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Université du Québec, 1650 Lionel Boulet, Varennes J3X 1S2, Québec, Canada.
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Kelly ME, Schültke E, Fiedler S, Nemoz C, Guzman R, Corde S, Esteve F, LeDuc G, Juurlink BHJ, Meguro K. Synchrotron-based intravenous cerebral angiography in a small animal model. Phys Med Biol 2007; 52:1001-12. [PMID: 17264366 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/52/4/009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
K-edge digital subtraction angiography (KEDSA), a recently developed synchrotron-based technique, utilizes monochromatic radiation and allows acquisition of high-quality angiography images after intravenous administration of contrast agent. We tested KEDSA for its suitability for intravenous cerebral angiography in an animal model. Adult male New Zealand rabbits were subjected to either angiography with conventional x-ray equipment or synchrotron-based intravenous KEDSA, using an iodine-based contrast agent. Angiography with conventional x-ray equipment after intra-arterial administration of contrast agent demonstrated the major intracranial vessels but no smaller branches. KEDSA was able to visualize the major intracranial vessels as well as smaller branches in both radiography mode (planar images) and tomography mode. Visualization was achieved with as little as 0.5 ml kg-1 of iodinated contrast material. We were able to obtain excellent visualization of the cerebral vasculature in an animal model using intravenous injection of contrast material, using synchrotron-based KEDSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Kelly
- Division of Neurosurgery, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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Giraud JY, Redaounia N, Vincent F, Dusserre A, Corde S, Balosso J, Artignan X, Rastkhah M, Bolla M. Repositionnement du patient en radiothérapie stéréotaxique: apport d'un systeme d'imagerie radiologique. Cancer Radiother 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2006.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Le Duc G, Corde S, Régnard P, Brochard T, Nemoz C, Werner A, Nieland J, Haas H. CMR 2005: 3.05:In vivo follow-up of Gd-labeled liposome concentrations in rats bearing a glioma: a comparative study. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Estève F, Adam J, Biston M, Joubert A, Corde S, Boudou C, Rousseau J, Gastaldo J, Bencokova Z, Rousseau J, Charvet A, Foray N, Le Bas J, Balosso J, Elleaume H. CMR 2005: 3.07: High-Z compounds for synchrotron stereotactic radiotherapy: developments and perspectives. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Bräuer-Krisch E, Requardt H, Régnard P, Corde S, Siegbahn E, LeDuc G, Brochard T, Blattmann H, Laissue J, Bravin A. New irradiation geometry for microbeam radiation therapy. Phys Med Biol 2005; 50:3103-11. [PMID: 15972983 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/50/13/009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) has the potential to treat infantile brain tumours when other kinds of radiotherapy would be excessively toxic to the developing normal brain. MRT uses extraordinarily high doses of x-rays but provides unusual resistance to radioneurotoxicity, presumably from the migration of endothelial cells from 'valleys' into 'peaks', i.e., into directly irradiated microslices of tissues. We present a novel irradiation geometry which results in a tolerable valley dose for the normal tissue and a decreased peak-to-valley dose ratio (PVDR) in the tumour area by applying an innovative cross-firing technique. We propose an MRT technique to orthogonally crossfire two arrays of parallel, nonintersecting, mutually interspersed microbeams that produces tumouricidal doses with small PVDRs where the arrays meet and tolerable radiation doses to normal tissues between the microbeams proximal and distal to the tumour in the paths of the arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bräuer-Krisch
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, 6, rue Horowitz, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France.
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Corde S, Joubert A, Adam JF, Charvet AM, Le Bas JF, Estève F, Elleaume H, Balosso J. Synchrotron radiation-based experimental determination of the optimal energy for cell radiotoxicity enhancement following photoelectric effect on stable iodinated compounds. Br J Cancer 2004; 91:544-51. [PMID: 15266326 PMCID: PMC2409846 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to experimentally evaluate the optimal X-ray energy for increasing the radiation energy absorbed in tumours loaded with iodinated compounds, using the photoelectric effect. SQ20B human cells were irradiated with synchrotron monochromatic beam tuned at 32.8, 33.5, 50 and 70 keV. Two cell treatments were compared to the control: cells suspended in 10 mg ml−1 of iodine radiological contrast agent or cells pre-exposed with 10 μM of iodo-desoxyuridine (IUdR) for 48 h. Our radiobiological end point was clonogenic cell survival. Cells irradiated with both iodine compounds exhibited a radiation sensitisation enhancement. Moreover, it was energy dependent, with a maximum at 50 keV. At this energy, the sensitisation calculated at 10% survival was equal to 2.03 for cells suspended in iodinated contrast agent and 2.60 for IUdR. Cells pretreated with IUdR had higher sensitisation factors over the energy range than for those suspended in iodine contrast agent. Also, their survival curves presented no shoulder, suggesting complex lethal damages from Auger electrons. Our results confirm the existence of the 50 keV energy optimum for a binary therapeutic irradiation based on the presence of stable iodine in tumours and an external irradiation. Monochromatic synchrotron radiotherapy concept is hence proposed for increasing the differential effect between healthy and cancerous tissue irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Corde
- INSERM U647 ‘Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche Médicale’, Université Joseph Fourier & ID17 Biomedical Beamline of European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CHU A Michallon, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
| | - A Joubert
- INSERM U647 ‘Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche Médicale’, Université Joseph Fourier & ID17 Biomedical Beamline of European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CHU A Michallon, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
| | - J F Adam
- INSERM U647 ‘Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche Médicale’, Université Joseph Fourier & ID17 Biomedical Beamline of European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CHU A Michallon, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
| | - A M Charvet
- INSERM U647 ‘Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche Médicale’, Université Joseph Fourier & ID17 Biomedical Beamline of European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CHU A Michallon, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
| | - J F Le Bas
- INSERM U647 ‘Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche Médicale’, Université Joseph Fourier & ID17 Biomedical Beamline of European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CHU A Michallon, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
- Unité IRM, service de Neuroradiologie, CHU A Michallon, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
| | - F Estève
- INSERM U647 ‘Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche Médicale’, Université Joseph Fourier & ID17 Biomedical Beamline of European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CHU A Michallon, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
- Unité IRM, service de Neuroradiologie, CHU A Michallon, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
| | - H Elleaume
- INSERM U647 ‘Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche Médicale’, Université Joseph Fourier & ID17 Biomedical Beamline of European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CHU A Michallon, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
- IFR no. 1 ‘RMN biomédicale, de la cellule à l'homme’, CHU A Michallon, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
| | - J Balosso
- INSERM U647 ‘Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche Médicale’, Université Joseph Fourier & ID17 Biomedical Beamline of European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CHU A Michallon, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
- Département de Cancérologie et d'Hématologie, Service de Radiothérapie, CHU A Michallon, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France
- INSERM U647 ‘Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche Médicale’, Université Joseph Fourier & ID17 Biomedical Beamline of European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CHU A Michallon, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 09, France. E-mail:
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Corde S, Biston MC, Elleaume H, Estève F, Charvet AM, Joubert A, Ducros V, Bohic S, Simionovici A, Brochard T, Nemoz C, Renier M, Troprès I, Fiedler S, Bravin A, Thomlinson W, Le Bas JF, Balosso J. Lack of cell death enhancement after irradiation with monochromatic synchrotron X rays at the K-shell edge of platinum incorporated in living SQ20B human cells as cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II). Radiat Res 2002; 158:763-70. [PMID: 12452779 DOI: 10.1667/0033-7587(2002)158[0763:locdea]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we describe the results of experiments using synchrotron radiation to trigger the Auger effect in living human cancer cells treated with a widely used chemotherapy drug: cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (cisplatin). The experiments were carried out at the ID17 beamline of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, which produces a high-fluence monochromatic beam that is adjustable from 20 to 80 keV. Cisplatin was chosen as the carrier of platinum atoms in the cells because of its alkylating-like activity and the irradiation was done with monochromatic beams above and below the platinum K-shell edge (78.39 keV). Cell survival curves were comparable with those obtained for the same cells under conventional irradiation conditions. At a low dose of cisplatin (0.1 microM, 48 h), no difference was seen in survival when the cells were irradiated above and below the K-shell edge of platinum. Higher cisplatin concentrations were investigated to enhance the cellular platinum content. The results with 1 microM cisplatin for 12 h showed no difference when the cells were irradiated with beams above or below the platinum K-shell edge with the exception of the higher cell death resulting from drug toxicity. The intracellular content of platinum was significant, as measured macroscopically by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Its subcellular localization and particularly its presence in the cell nucleus were verified by microscopic synchrotron X-ray fluorescence. This was the first known attempt at K-shell edge photon activation of stable platinum in living cells with a platinum complex used for chemotherapy. Its evident toxicity in these cells leads us to put forth the hypothesis that cisplatin toxicity can mask the enhancement of cell death induced by the irradiation above the K-shell edge. However, K-shell edge photon activation of stable elements provides a powerful technique for the understanding of the biological effects of Auger processes. Further avenues of development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Corde
- Equipe d'Accueil "Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche Médicale", Unité IRM, France
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Elleaume H, Charvet AM, Corde S, Estève F, Le Bas JF. Performance of computed tomography for contrast agent concentration measurements with monochromatic x-ray beams: comparison of K-edge versus temporal subtraction. Phys Med Biol 2002; 47:3369-85. [PMID: 12375826 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/47/18/307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the performance of monochromatic computed tomography for the quantification of contrast agent concentrations. Two subtraction methods (K-edge subtraction and temporal subtraction) were evaluated and compared theoretically and experimentally in terms of detection limit, precision and accuracy. Measurements were performed using synchrotron x-rays with Lucite phantoms (10 cm and 17.5 cm in diameter) containing iodine or gadolinium solutions ranging from 50 microg ml(-1) to 5 mg ml(-1). The experiments were carried out using monochromators developed at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) medical beamline. The phantoms were imaged either above and below the contrast agent K-edge, or before and after the addition of the contrast agent. Both methods gave comparable performance for phantoms less than 10 cm in diameter. For large phantoms, equivalent to a human head, the temporal subtraction is more suitable for detecting elements such as iodine, keeping a reasonable x-ray dose delivered to the phantom. A good agreement was obtained between analytical calculations, simulations and measurements. The beam harmonic content was taken into account in the simulations. It explains the performance degradation with high contrast agent concentrations. The temporal subtraction technique has the advantage of energy tunability and is well suited for imaging elements, such as iodine or gadolinium, in highly absorbing samples. For technical reasons, the K-edge method is preferable when the imaged organ is moving since the two measurements can be performed simultaneously, which is mandatory for obtaining a good subtraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Elleaume
- INSERM, IFR1, Unité IRM, CHU Grenoble, France.
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40
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Estève F, Corde S, Elleaume H, Adam JF, Joubert A, Charvet AM, Biston MC, Balosso J, Le Bas JF. Enhanced radio sensitivity with iodinated contrast agents using monochromatic synchrotron X-rays on human cancerous cells. Acad Radiol 2002; 9 Suppl 2:S540-3. [PMID: 12188332 DOI: 10.1016/s1076-6332(03)80287-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Estève
- Equipe d'Accueil RSRM, Unité IRM CHU, Grenoble, France
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41
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Le Duc G, Corde S, Elleaume H, Estève F, Charvet AM, Brochard T, Fiedler S, Collomb A, Le Bas JF. Feasibility of synchrotron radiation computed tomography on rats bearing glioma after iodine or gadolinium injection. Jeune Equipe RSRM-UJF. Eur Radiol 2001; 10:1487-92. [PMID: 10997441 DOI: 10.1007/s003300000509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to demonstrate the feasibility of a new imaging technique called synchrotron radiation computed tomography (SRCT). This technique leads to a direct assessment of the in vivo concentration of an iodine- or gadolinium-labeled compound. Rats bearing C6 glioma were imaged by MRI prior to the SRCT experiment. The SRCT experiments were performed after a 1.3 g I/kg (n = 5) or a 0.4 g Gd/kg (n = 5) injection. Finally, brains were sampled for histology. The SRCT images exhibited contrast enhancement at the tumor location. Ten minutes after injection, iodine and gadolinium tissular concentrations were equal to 0.80 ( +/- 0.40) mg/cm3 and 0.50 ( +/- 0.10) mg/cm3, respectively in the peripheral area of the tumor (respective background value: 0.20 +/- 0.02 to 0.10 +/- 0.01). Correlation to MRI and histology revealed that the contrast uptake occurred in the most vascularized area of the tumor. The present study summarizes the feasibility of in vivo SRCT to obtain quantitative information about iodine and gadolinium-labeled compounds. Beyond brain tumor pathology, the SRCT appears as a complementary approach to MRI and CT, for studying iodine- and gadolinium-labeled compounds by the direct achievement of the tissular concentration value in the tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Le Duc
- Medical Beamline, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
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42
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Thomlinson W, Berkvens P, Berruyer G, Bertrand B, Blattmann H, Brauer-Krisch E, Brochard T, Charvet AM, Corde S, Dimichiel M, Elleaume H, Estève F, Fiedler S, Laissue JA, Le Bas JE, Le Duc G, Lyubimova N, Nemoz C, Renier M, Slatkin DN, Spanne P, Suortti P. Research at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility medical beamline. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2000; 46:1053-63. [PMID: 10976863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The application of synchrotron radiation in medical research has become a mature field of research at synchrotron facilities worldwide. In the relatively short time that synchrotrons have been available to the scientific community, their characteristic beams of UV and X-ray radiation have been applied to virtually all areas of medical science which use ionizing radiation. The ability to tune intense monochromatic beams over wide energy ranges differentiates these sources from standard clinical and research tools. At the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Grenoble, France), a major research facility is operational on an advanced wiggler radiation beamport, ID17. The beamport is designed to carry out a broad range of research ranging from cell radiation biology to in vivo human studies. Medical imaging programs at ID17 include transvenous coronary angiography, computed tomography, mammography and bronchography. In addition, a major research program on microbeam radiation therapy is progressing. This paper will present a very brief overview of the beamline and the imaging and therapy programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Thomlinson
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France.
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Elleaume H, Charvet AM, Le Duc G, Estève F, Bertrand B, Corde S, Farion R, Lefaix JL, Leplat JJ, Berkvens P, Berruyer G, Brochard T, Dabin Y, Draperi A, Fiedler S, Nemoz C, Perez M, Renier M, Suortti P, Thomlinson W, Le Bas JF. In vivo K-edge imaging with synchrotron radiation. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2000; 46:1065-75. [PMID: 10976864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
We present in this paper two imaging techniques using contrast agents assessed with in vivo experiments. Both methods are based on the same physical principle, and were implemented at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility medical beamline. The first one is intravenous coronary angiography using synchrotron radiation X-rays. This imaging technique has been planned for human studies in the near future. We describe the first experiments that were carried out with pigs at the ESRF. The second imaging mode is computed tomography using synchrotron radiation on rats bearing brain tumors. Owing to synchrotron radiation physical properties, these new imaging methods provide additional information compared to conventional techniques. After infusion of the contrast agent, it is possible to derive from the images the concentration of the contrast agent in the tumor area for the computed tomography and in any visible vessel for the angiography method.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Elleaume
- Equipe d'Accueil Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche Médicale, Unité IRM, CHU, Grenoble, France.
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