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Spinell T, Kröger A, Freitag L, Würfl G, Lauseker M, Hickel R, Kebschull M. Dental implant material related changes in molecular signatures in peri-implantitis - A systematic review of omics in-vivo studies. Dent Mater 2023; 39:1150-1158. [PMID: 37839998 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Titanium particles have been shown in in-vitro studies to lead to the activation of specific pathways, this work aims to systematically review in- vivo studies examining peri-implant and periodontal tissues at the transcriptome, proteome, epigenome and genome level to reveal implant material-related processes favoring peri-implantitis development investigated in animal and human trials. METHODS Inquiring three literature databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane) a systematic search based on a priori defined PICOs was conducted: '-omics' studies comparing molecular signatures in healthy and infected peri-implant sites and/or healthy and periodontitis-affected teeth in animals/humans. After risk of bias assessments, lists of differentially expressed genes and results of functional enrichment analyses were compiled whenever possible. RESULTS Out of 2187 screened articles 9 publications were deemed eligible. Both healthy and inflamed peri-implant tissues showed distinct gene expression patterns compared to healthy/diseased periodontal tissues in animal (n = 4) or human studies (n = 5), with immune response, bone metabolism and oxidative stress being affected the most. Due to the lack of available re-analyzable data and inconsistency in methodology of the eligible studies, integrative analyses on differential gene expression were not applicable CONCLUSION: The differences of transcriptomic signatures in between peri-implant lesions compared to periodontal tissue might be related to titanium particles arising from dental implants and are in line with the in-vitro data recently published by our group. Nevertheless, limitations emerge from small sample sizes of included studies and insufficient publication of re-analyzable data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Spinell
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Annika Kröger
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lena Freitag
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Michael Lauseker
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Hickel
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz Kebschull
- Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, Columbia University Collegeof Dental Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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Frasheri I, Paschalidou M, Imhof T, Steinberg T, Spinell T, Hickel R, Folwaczny M. Evaluation of the biological effects of amelogenin on human oral keratinocytes. Dent Mater 2023; 39:922-928. [PMID: 37640635 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.08.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Amelogenins are clinically used in periodontal regeneration as main components of root surface modifying agents, even without specifically preventing the premature colonization of the healing tissue defect by means of a physical barrier membrane. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of human amelogenin on the proliferation, migration, and morphology of Immortalized Human Oral Keratinocytes (iHOKs). METHODS Immortalized Human Oral Keratinocytes were expanded in Keratinocyte Growth Medium-2 (KGM-2). Full-length recombinant amelogenin protein was diluted in KGM-2 in five concentrations (10 ng/ml, 100 ng/ml, 1.000 ng/ml, 5.000 ng/ml and 10.000 ng/ml). iHOKs were cultured in medium supplemented with the amelogenin dilutions. Samples without amelogenin served as control. Cell metabolism and cell proliferation together with cell migration were evaluated at day 7, 14, 21. RESULTS At day 7, iHOKs treated with 10,000 ng/ml showed a significant decrease in keratinocytes´ proliferation. The metabolic activity at this timepoint was significantly lower for concentrations ≥ 1000 ng/ml. At days 14 and 21, both the addition of 5000 ng/ml and even more 10,000 ng/ml amelogenin reduced significantly the proliferation of keratinocytes. The effects on the metabolic activity for these timepoints were visible already with 100 ng/ml. Treatment of iHOKs with amelogenin of ≥ 1000 ng/ml led to inhibitory effects on cell migration already after 24 h. CONCLUSIONS The full-length recombinant amelogenin has a significant biological impact on iHOKs. The increasing dose dependent inhibitory effects of amelogenin shown on iHOKs might explain the disruption of the apical migration of the junctional epithelium during regenerative healing. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Amelogenin, presents time- and dose-dependent inhibitory effects on the growth of keratinocytes, which might explain the biological rationale behind its application in periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Frasheri
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.
| | - Maria Paschalidou
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Thomas Imhof
- Center for Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Steinberg
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Spinell
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Hickel
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Folwaczny
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
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Freitag L, Spinell T, Kröger A, Würfl G, Lauseker M, Hickel R, Kebschull M. Dental implant material related changes in molecular signatures in peri-implantitis - A systematic review and integrative analysis of omics in-vitro studies. Dent Mater 2023; 39:101-113. [PMID: 36526446 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since peri-implantitis differs clinically and histopathologically from periodontitis, implant wear debris is considered to play a role in the destructive processes. This work aims to systematically review if titanium particles affect oral-related cells through changes in molecular signatures (e.g., transcriptome, proteome, epigenome), thereby promoting peri-implantitis. METHODS Leveraging three literature databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane) a systematic search based on a priori defined PICOs was conducted: '-omics' studies examining titanium exposure in oral-related cells. After risk of bias assessments, lists of differentially expressed genes, proteins, and results of functional enrichment analyses were compiled. The significance of overlapping genes across multiple studies was assessed via Monte Carlo simulation and their ranking was verified using rank aggregation. RESULTS Out of 2104 screened articles we found 12 eligible publications. A significant overlap of gene expression in oral-related cells exposed to titanium particles was found in four studies. Furthermore, changes in biological processes like immune/inflammatory or stress response as well as toll-like receptor (TLR) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways were linked to titanium in transcriptome and proteome studies. Epigenetic changes caused by titanium were detected but inconsistent. CONCLUSION An influence of titanium implant wear debris on the development and progression of peri-implantitis is plausible but needs to be proven in further studies. Limitations arise from small sample sizes of included studies and insufficient publication of re-analyzable data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Freitag
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Spinell
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Annika Kröger
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Michael Lauseker
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Hickel
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz Kebschull
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Spinell T, Saliter J, Hackl B, Unger K, Hickel R, Folwaczny M. In-vitro cytocompatibility and growth factor content of GBR/GTR membranes. Dent Mater 2019; 35:963-969. [PMID: 31056222 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the cytocompatibility of five commercially available xenogenic barrier membranes used for oral regenerative procedures and to determine the growth factor content of these membranes in-vitro. METHODS Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and immortalized periodontal ligament stem cells (PDL-hTERTs) were used to determine the cytocompatibility of xenogenic barrier membranes made of collagen (Biogide, BG, Geistlich Pharma AG, Switzerland; Biomend, BM, Zimmer Biomet, USA; Osseoguard OG, Zimmer Biomet, USA; OssixPlus, OX, Datum Dental, Israel) or extracellular matrix (ECM) (Dynamatrix, DM, Keystone Dental, USA) and of their eluates obtained by washing. Cells were cultured with previously washed and unwashed membranes (n=4) and in the medium used for washing (eluate). Cell proliferation at 3 days (eluates) and at 7 days (membranes) was assessed using the WST-1 cell proliferation kit. Growth factor content of the membranes was measured using multiplex ELISA. RESULTS The eluate of BG and BM significantly inhibited proliferation of hMSCs, whereas DM and OX showed stimulating effects. The highest impact was observed for DM, its eluate doubled the cell proliferation of adherent cells when compared to the control (p<0.001). The eluate of OG did not influence eluate cell cultures (p>0.05). The presence of membranes had different impact on hMSCs and PDLs. hMSCs seem to be more resistant to the inhibitory effects of BG, OG and BM. hMSCs are only affected by OX, which actually stimulates hMSCs when the specimens are not washed previously. PDLs however proliferate significantly less once they are placed into culture with BM and OG as well as BG-not washed. Once BG is washed no inhibitory effect on PDLs was observed, however overall the washing of membrane samples prior to the placement into the cell culture did hardly have any effect on the outcome. The strongest inhibition of proliferation was shown with the BM and OG membrane in PDL-hTERTs (p<0.001). Growth factor contents were quite similar quantitatively and qualitatively among the tested membranes with concentrations in the range of 50-500 pg/ml. Intriguingly DM contained considerably higher amounts of bFGF with up to 8000 pg/ml. SIGNIFICANCE The collagen membranes cross-linked with aldehydes show poor outcomes in PDLs while the collagen membrane cross-linked with polysaccharides generally shows promising results similar to the ECM-membrane DM in both membrane and eluate tests. The findings may be due to various factors, especially differences observed in composition, processing and bFGF content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Spinell
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestr. 70, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Julia Saliter
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestr. 70, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Brigitte Hackl
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestr. 70, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Kristian Unger
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Reinhard Hickel
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestr. 70, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Matthias Folwaczny
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestr. 70, 80336 Munich, Germany.
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Kröger A, Hülsmann C, Fickl S, Spinell T, Hüttig F, Kaufmann F, Heimbach A, Hoffmann P, Enkling N, Renvert S, Schwarz F, Demmer RT, Papapanou PN, Jepsen S, Kebschull M. The severity of human peri‐implantitis lesions correlates with the level of submucosal microbial dysbiosis. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45:1498-1509. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Kröger
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive DentistryUniversity of Bonn Bonn Germany
- Department of Oral SurgerySchool of DentistryUniversity of Birmingham Birmingham UK
| | - Claudia Hülsmann
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive DentistryUniversity of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Stefan Fickl
- Department of PeriodontologyUniversity of Würzburg Würzburg Germany
| | - Thomas Spinell
- Department of Operative Dentistry and PeriodontologyLMU Munich Munich Germany
- Private Practice Bolzano Italy
| | - Fabian Hüttig
- Department of ProsthodonticsUniversity of Tübingen Tübingen Germany
| | | | - André Heimbach
- Department of Human GeneticsUniversity of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Department of Human GeneticsUniversity of Bonn Bonn Germany
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | | | - Stefan Renvert
- Department of Health SciencesKristianstad University Kristianstad Sweden
| | - Frank Schwarz
- Department of Oral Surgery and ImplantologyCarolinumGoethe University Frankfurt Germany
- Department of Oral SurgeryUniversitätsklinikum Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Ryan T. Demmer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community HealthSchool of Public HealthUniversity of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota
| | - Panos N. Papapanou
- Division of PeriodonticsSection of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation SciencesColumbia University College of Dental Medicine New York New York
| | - Søren Jepsen
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive DentistryUniversity of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Moritz Kebschull
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive DentistryUniversity of Bonn Bonn Germany
- Division of PeriodonticsSection of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation SciencesColumbia University College of Dental Medicine New York New York
- The School of DentistryUniversity of Birmingham Birmingham UK
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Spinell T, DeMayo F, Cato M, Thai A, Helmerhorst EJ, Green PHR, Lebwohl B, Demmer RT. The association between coeliac disease and periodontitis: Results from NHANES 2009-2012. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45:303-310. [PMID: 29243293 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether coeliac disease (CD) was associated with periodontitis among a nationally representative sample of US adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2012 enrolled 6,661 subjects with full-mouth periodontal examination and serological testing for antitissue transglutaminase (tTg) and antiendomysial (EMA) antibodies. CD was defined as (i) self-reported physician diagnosis while on a gluten-free diet; or (ii) tTg levels >10.0 U/ml and positive EMA results. Positive serology without self-reported diagnosis was defined as undiagnosed CD (UdxCD). Periodontitis was defined according to the CDC/AAP definition. Multivariable linear and logistic models were used to regress the mean probing depth (PD) or attachment loss (AL) outcomes across CD categories (none, diagnosed and undiagnosed). RESULTS The prevalence of moderate/severe periodontitis and diagnosed/undiagnosed CD was 40% and 0.74%, respectively. Mean AL was lower among those with CD although results were not statistically significant (p = .67). The odds of periodontitis among individuals with diagnosed and undiagnosed CD were: 0.5(0.22, 1.16) and 0.62(0.1, 3.75), respectively. Mean PD levels among those without CD or with diagnosed or undiagnosed CD were 1.49 ± 0.02, 1.36 ± 0.11 and 1.31 ± 0.11 (p = .03). CONCLUSION CD is associated with modestly lower levels of mean PD but was not associated with mean AL or periodontitis. Larger studies are necessary to enhance precision and strengthen conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Spinell
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Francesco DeMayo
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Cato
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashley Thai
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eva J Helmerhorst
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter H R Green
- Celiac Disease Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Lebwohl
- Celiac Disease Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ryan T Demmer
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN, USA
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Jönsson D, Spinell T, Vrettos A, Stoecklin-Wasmer C, Celenti R, Demmer RT, Kebschull M, Papapanou PN. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells in periodontitis. J Periodontol 2015; 85:1739-47. [PMID: 25101916 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.140153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several biologically plausible mechanisms have been proposed to mediate the association between periodontitis and atherosclerotic vascular disease (AVD), including adverse effects on vascular endothelial function. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs) are known to contribute to vascular repair, but limited data are available regarding the relationship between cEPC levels and periodontitis. The aims of this cross-sectional study are to investigate the levels of hemangioblastic and monocytic cEPCs in patients with periodontitis and periodontally healthy controls and to associate cEPC levels with the extent and severity of periodontitis. METHODS A total of 112 individuals (56 patients with periodontitis and 56 periodontally healthy controls, aged 26 to 65 years; mean age: 43 years) were enrolled. All participants underwent a full-mouth periodontal examination and provided a blood sample. Hemangioblastic cEPCs were assessed using flow cytometry, and monocytic cEPCs were identified using immunohistochemistry in cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells. cEPC levels were analyzed in the entire sample, as well as in a subset of 50 pairs of patients with periodontitis/periodontally healthy controls, matched with respect to age, sex, and menstrual cycle. RESULTS Levels of hemangioblastic cEPCs were approximately 2.3-fold higher in patients with periodontitis than periodontally healthy controls, after adjustments for age, sex, physical activity, systolic blood pressure, and body mass index (P = 0.001). A non-significant trend for higher levels of monocytic cEPCs in periodontitis was also observed. The levels of hemangioblastic cEPCs were positively associated with the extent of bleeding on probing, probing depth, and clinical attachment loss. Hemangioblastic and monocytic cEPC levels were not correlated (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.03, P = 0.77), suggesting that they represent independent populations of progenitor cells. CONCLUSION These findings further support the notion that oral infections have extraoral effects and document that periodontitis is associated with a mobilization of EPCs from the bone marrow, apparently in response to systemic inflammation and endothelial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jönsson
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY
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Spinell T, Schedle A, Watts DC. Polymerization shrinkage kinetics of dimethacrylate resin-cements. Dent Mater 2009; 25:1058-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2009.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2009] [Revised: 04/17/2009] [Accepted: 04/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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