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Dynamic monitoring of radiation-induced white matter microstructure injury in nasopharyngeal carcinoma via high-angular resolution diffusion imaging. Brain Res 2024; 1833:148851. [PMID: 38479491 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate white matter microstructural abnormalities caused by radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients using MRI high-angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI). METHODS We included 127 patients with pathologically confirmed NPC: 36 in the pre-radiotherapy group, 29 in the acute response period (post-RT-AP), 23 in the early delayed period (post-RT-ED) group, and 39 in the late-delayed period (post-RT-LD) group. HARDI data were acquired for each patient, and dispersion parameters were calculated to compare the differences in specific fibre bundles among the groups. The Montreal Neurocognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate neurocognitive function, and the correlations between dispersion parameters and MoCA were analysed. RESULTS In the right cingulum frontal parietal bundles, the fractional anisotropy value decreased to the lowest level post-RT-AP and then reversed and increased post-RT-ED and post-RT-LD. The mean, axial, and radial diffusivity were significantly increased in the post-RT-AP (p < 0.05) and decreased in the post-RT-ED and post-RT-LD groups to varying degrees. MoCA scores were decreased post-radiotherapy than those before radiotherapy (p = 0.005). MoCA and mean diffusivity exhibited a mild correlation in the left cingulum frontal parahippocampal bundle. CONCLUSIONS White matter tract changes detected by HARDI are potential biomarkers for monitoring radiotherapy-related brain damage in NPC patients.
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Photo-production of excited triplet-state of dissolved organic matters in inland freshwater and coastal seawater. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 253:121260. [PMID: 38354661 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The excited triplet-state of dissolved organic matter (3DOM*) is a major reactive intermediate in sunlit waters. Its quantum yield is important in understanding the fate of organic micropollutants. The degradation efficiency of its chemical probe, 2,4,6-trimeythlphenol (fTMP), is generally used as a proxy of the quantum yield. However, fTMP has been described and modelled only for freshwater systems. Therefore, this study quantified fTMP in inland freshwater and coastal seawater sampled in Japan by conducting steady-state photochemical experiments. Optical properties of water were then used to model fTMP. Results indicated that the inland freshwater DOM originated mainly from terrestrial sources, while the coastal seawater DOM were microbial-dominated. On average, inland freshwater exhibited lower fTMP (61.2 M-1) than coastal seawater (79.7 M-1) and the coastal seawater exhibited significant variations in the proportion of high-energy 3DOM* (> 250 kJ/mol). In addition, E2:E3 (ratio of absorbance at 254 to 365 nm) was positively correlated with fTMP of inland freshwater, coastal seawater, and the overall dataset. Catchment conditions such as forest coverage also influenced the production of 3DOM* and high-energy 3DOM* in inland freshwater. Furthermore, the developed models estimated fTMP based on the optical properties of both freshwater and seawater, providing valuable insights about 3DOM* photochemistry in the aquatic environment.
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Improving the accuracy of cotton seedling emergence rate estimation by fusing UAV-based multispectral vegetation indices. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1333089. [PMID: 38601301 PMCID: PMC11004396 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1333089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Timely and accurate estimation of cotton seedling emergence rate is of great significance to cotton production. This study explored the feasibility of drone-based remote sensing in monitoring cotton seedling emergence. The visible and multispectral images of cotton seedlings with 2 - 4 leaves in 30 plots were synchronously obtained by drones. The acquired images included cotton seedlings, bare soil, mulching films, and PE drip tapes. After constructing 17 visible VIs and 14 multispectral VIs, three strategies were used to separate cotton seedlings from the images: (1) Otsu's thresholding was performed on each vegetation index (VI); (2) Key VIs were extracted based on results of (1), and the Otsu-intersection method and three machine learning methods were used to classify cotton seedlings, bare soil, mulching films, and PE drip tapes in the images; (3) Machine learning models were constructed using all VIs and validated. Finally, the models constructed based on two modeling strategies [Otsu-intersection (OI) and machine learning (Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and K-nearest neighbor (KNN)] showed a higher accuracy. Therefore, these models were selected to estimate cotton seedling emergence rate, and the estimates were compared with the manually measured emergence rate. The results showed that multispectral VIs, especially NDVI, RVI, SAVI, EVI2, OSAVI, and MCARI, had higher crop seedling extraction accuracy than visible VIs. After fusing all VIs or key VIs extracted based on Otsu's thresholding, the binary image purity was greatly improved. Among the fusion methods, the Key VIs-OI and All VIs-KNN methods yielded less noises and small errors, with a RMSE (root mean squared error) as low as 2.69% and a MAE (mean absolute error) as low as 2.15%. Therefore, fusing multiple VIs can increase crop image segmentation accuracy. This study provides a new method for rapidly monitoring crop seedling emergence rate in the field, which is of great significance for the development of modern agriculture.
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C1q enables influenza hemagglutinin stem binding antibodies to block viral attachment and broadens the antibody escape repertoire. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadj9534. [PMID: 38517951 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adj9534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Antigenic drift, the gradual accumulation of amino acid substitutions in the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) receptor protein, enables viral immune evasion. Antibodies (Abs) specific for the drift-resistant HA stem region are a promising universal influenza vaccine target. Although anti-stem Abs are not believed to block viral attachment, here we show that complement component 1q (C1q), a 460-kilodalton protein with six Ab Fc-binding domains, confers attachment inhibition to anti-stem Abs and enhances their fusion and neuraminidase inhibition. As a result, virus neutralization activity in vitro is boosted up to 30-fold, and in vivo protection from influenza PR8 infection in mice is enhanced. These effects reflect increased steric hindrance and not increased Ab avidity. C1q greatly expands the anti-stem Ab viral escape repertoire to include residues throughout the HA, some of which cause antigenic alterations in the globular region or modulate HA receptor avidity. We also show that C1q enhances the neutralization activity of non-receptor binding domain anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike Abs, an effect dependent on spike density on the virion surface. These findings demonstrate that C1q can greatly expand Ab function and thereby contribute to viral evolution and immune escape.
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Intravenous leiomyomatosis involved cor dextrum: A review of diagnosis and management with an illustrative case. Radiol Case Rep 2024; 19:503-508. [PMID: 38044903 PMCID: PMC10686894 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2023.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) is a benign disease that originates in the uterus and is characterized by aggressive intravenous growth that can extend to the inferior vena cava and even involve the intracardiac cavity. This extension of the IVL into the right heart is known as intracardiac leiomyomatosis (ICL). The clinical incidence of this disease is extremely low, and the characteristics of atypical aggressive growth lead to diagnostic dilemmas. Thus, studies on this disease have profound clinical significance. Here, we report a case of intracardiac leiomyomatosis and review the relevant literature. A 46-year-old female patient presented with exertive chest tightness and shortness of breath with an onset of approximately half a month. The patient underwent uterine myomectomy in 2018 and recovered well after surgery. On preoperative echocardiography, a hypoechoic mass was detected in the right atrium, which was diagnosed as a leiomyoma. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a T2-weighted mixed high-signal mass with partial cystic changes that extended from the inferior vena cava into the right atrioventricular cavity, occupying most of the atrial cavity and was misdiagnosed as an atrial mucinous tumor. The patient underwent cardiac tumor resection, tricuspid valvuloplasty, and lower-extremity vascular exploration under general anesthesia with extracorporeal circulation. The final pathological diagnosis was ICL. This is an illustrative analysis of various aspects of the disease, including pathology, etiology, clinical symptoms, imaging diagnosis, and treatment modalities.
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Omicron Spike confers enhanced infectivity and interferon resistance to SARS-CoV-2 in human nasal tissue. Nat Commun 2024; 15:889. [PMID: 38291024 PMCID: PMC10828397 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45075-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Omicron emerged following COVID-19 vaccination campaigns, displaced previous SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern worldwide, and gave rise to lineages that continue to spread. Here, we show that Omicron exhibits increased infectivity in primary adult upper airway tissue relative to Delta. Using recombinant forms of SARS-CoV-2 and nasal epithelial cells cultured at the liquid-air interface, we show that mutations unique to Omicron Spike enable enhanced entry into nasal tissue. Unlike earlier variants of SARS-CoV-2, our findings suggest that Omicron enters nasal cells independently of serine transmembrane proteases and instead relies upon metalloproteinases to catalyze membrane fusion. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this entry pathway unlocked by Omicron Spike enables evasion from constitutive and interferon-induced antiviral factors that restrict SARS-CoV-2 entry following attachment. Therefore, the increased transmissibility exhibited by Omicron in humans may be attributed not only to its evasion of vaccine-elicited adaptive immunity, but also to its superior invasion of nasal epithelia and resistance to the cell-intrinsic barriers present therein.
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Improving the estimation accuracy of rapeseed leaf photosynthetic characteristics under salinity stress using continuous wavelet transform and successive projections algorithm. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1284172. [PMID: 38130483 PMCID: PMC10733793 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1284172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization greatly restricts crop production in arid areas for salinity stress can inhibit crop photosynthesis and growth. Chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic gas exchange (CFPGE) parameters are important indicators of crop photosynthesis and have been widely used to evaluate the impacts of salinity stress on crop photosynthesis and growth. Remote sensing technology can quickly and non-destructively obtain crop information under salinity stress, however, at present, the distribution of spectral features of CFPGE parameters in different regions is still unclear. In this study (2019-2020), under salinity stress conditions, the spectral data of rapeseed leaves were acquired and the CFPGE parameters were simultaneously determined. Then, continuous wavelet transformation (CWT) and standard normal variate (SNV) transformation were utilized to preprocess the raw spectral data. After that, a CFPGE parameter estimation model was constructed by using the partial least squares regression (PLSR) algorithm and the support vector machines (SVM) algorithm based on the spectral features in the red region (600-800 nm) and those in the red, blue-green (350-600 nm), and near-infrared (800-2500 nm) regions. The results showed that the spectral features of CFPGE parameters could be extracted by successive projections algorithm (SPA) based on the CWT preprocessing. The CFPGE parameter estimation model constructed based on the spectral features in the red region (675 nm, 680 nm, 688 nm, 749 nm, and 782 nm) had the highest Fv/Fm estimation accuracy on day 30, with R2c, R2p, and RPD of 0.723, 0.585, and 1.68, respectively. Based on this, the spectral features (578 nm, 976 nm, 1088 nm, 1476 nm, and 2250 nm) in the blue-green and near-infrared regions were added in the variables for modeling, which significantly improved the accuracy and stability of the model, with R2c, R2p, and RPD of 0.886, 0.815, and 2.58, respectively. Therefore, the fusion of the spectral features in the red, blue-green, and near-infrared regions could improve the estimation accuracy of rapeseed leaf CFPGE parameters. This study will provide technical reference for rapid estimation of photosynthetic performance of crops under salinity stress in arid and semi-arid areas.
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Abstract
The identification of gasdermin as the executor of pyroptosis has opened new avenues for the study of this process. Although pyroptosis research has mainly focused on immune cells since it was discovered three decades ago, accumulating evidence suggests that pyroptosis plays crucial roles in many biological processes. One example is the discovery of gasdermin-mediated cancer cell pyroptosis (CCP) which has become an important and frontier field in oncology. Recent studies have shown that CCP induction can heat tumor microenvironment (TME) and thereby elicit the robust anti-tumor immunity to suppress tumor growth. As a newly discovered form of tumor cell death, CCP offers promising opportunities for improving tumor treatment and developing new drugs. Nevertheless, the research on CCP is still in its infancy, and the molecular mechanisms underlying the expression, regulation and activation of gasdermins are not yet fully understood. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of gasdermin research in cancer area, and propose that the anti-tumor effect of immune cell pyroptosis (ICP) and CCP depends on their duration, intensity, and the type of cells undergoing pyroptosis within TME.
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Role of stress granules in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189006. [PMID: 37913942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are membrane-less organelles that cell forms via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) under stress conditions such as oxidative stress, ER stress, heat shock and hypoxia. SG assembly is a stress-responsive mechanism by regulating gene expression and cellular signaling pathways. Cancer cells face various stress conditions in tumor microenvironment during tumorigenesis, while SGs contribute to hallmarks of cancer including proliferation, invasion, migration, avoiding apoptosis, metabolism reprogramming and immune evasion. Here, we review the connection between SGs and cancer development, the limitation of SGs on current cancer therapy and promising cancer therapeutic strategies targeting SGs in the future.
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Omicron Spike confers enhanced infectivity and interferon resistance to SARS-CoV-2 in human nasal tissue. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.06.539698. [PMID: 37425811 PMCID: PMC10327209 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.06.539698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Omicron emerged following COVID-19 vaccination campaigns, displaced previous SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern worldwide, and gave rise to lineages that continue to spread. Here, we show that Omicron exhibits increased infectivity in primary adult upper airway tissue relative to Delta. Using recombinant forms of SARS-CoV-2 and nasal epithelial cells cultured at the liquid-air interface, enhanced infectivity maps to the step of cellular entry and evolved recently through mutations unique to Omicron Spike. Unlike earlier variants of SARS-CoV-2, Omicron enters nasal cells independently of serine transmembrane proteases and instead relies upon metalloproteinases to catalyze membrane fusion. This entry pathway unlocked by Omicron Spike enables evasion of constitutive and interferon-induced antiviral factors that restrict SARS-CoV-2 entry following attachment. Therefore, the increased transmissibility exhibited by Omicron in humans may be attributed not only to its evasion of vaccine-elicited adaptive immunity, but also to its superior invasion of nasal epithelia and resistance to the cell-intrinsic barriers present therein.
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Dynamic functional connectivity changes associated with decreased memory performance in betel quid dependence. Addict Biol 2023; 28:e13329. [PMID: 37753571 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The temporal variability of the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) has been suggested as a useful metric for studying abnormal cognitive function. This study aimed to explore the associations between the temporal properties of dFC and memory performance in betel quid dependence (BQD). Sixty-four BQD individuals and 47 gender- and age-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging and a series of neuropsychological assessments. The dFC was constructed by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficients within a sliding window and was clustered into three functional connectivity states using k-means clustering. The dFC temporal properties derived from the cluster results were compared between the BQD and HC groups. The results showed that States 1 and 3 featured more frequent and weak connectivity, and State 2 featured less frequent and strong connectivity. There were significant differences for mean dwell time (MDT) in State 3 (p = 0.022) and fraction of time in State 2 (p = 0.018) between the BQD and HC groups. Pearson correlation analyses showed that the MDT in State 1 was negatively correlated with long delay free recall and short delay free recall, and the MDT in State 3 was positively correlated with false positive of long delay recall. Our findings provide strong evidence that MDT match the memory performance and suggest new insights into the pathophysiological mechanism of memory disorders in BQD individuals.
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The DUBA-SLC7A11-c-Myc axis is critical for stemness and ferroptosis. Oncogene 2023; 42:2688-2700. [PMID: 37537342 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02744-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation as a unique iron-dependent cell death. However, the interplay between stemness and ferroptosis remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that undifferentiated cells are more sensitive to ferroptosis than differentiated cells, and cystine transporter SLC7A11 protein is highly up-regulated by deubiquitinase DUBA in differentiated cells. Additionally, DUBA promotes stemness by deubiquitinating SLC7A11. Moreover, SLC7A11 drastically increases the expression of c-Myc through cysteine, the combination of sorafenib and c-Myc inhibitor EN4 has a synergetic effect on cancer therapy. Together, our results reveal that enhanced stemness increases the susceptibility to ferroptosis, and the DUBA-SLC7A11-c-Myc axis is pivotal for differentiated cancer stem cells (CSCs) resistant to ferroptosis, providing a promised targets to eradicate CSCs through ferroptosis.
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[Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of invasive fungal disease in HIV-infected patients]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2023; 62:1148-1154. [PMID: 37650191 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20221008-00737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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[Giant hepatic hemangioma manifested as fever of unknown: a case report]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2023; 62:718-720. [PMID: 37263958 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20220616-00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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One-step electrodeposited Ni 3S 2/Co 9S 8/NiS composite on Ni foam as high-performance electrode for supercapacitors. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:6823-6830. [PMID: 37140207 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00390f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal sulfides (TMSs) are considered as one of the promising electrode materials due to their fascinating redox reversibility and electronic conductivity. However, volume expansion during the charge/discharge process impedes their practical applications. The reasonable design of TMS electrode materials with unique morphology can improve the energy storage performance. Herein, we prepared the Ni3S2/Co9S8/NiS composite that is in situ grown on Ni foam (NF) via a one-step electrodeposition process. The optimized Ni3S2/Co9S8/NiS-7 shows a superhigh specific capacity of 2785.3 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 and remarkable rate capability. Furthermore, the as-assembled device displays a high energy density of 40.1 W h kg-1 at a power density of 799.3 W kg-1 and a satisfactory stability of 96.6% retention after 5000 cycles. This work provides a facile way to fabricate new TMS electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors.
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[Interpretation of the essential updates in guidelines for the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B (Version 2022)]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2023; 31:385-388. [PMID: 37248977 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20230324-00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Chinese Society of Hepatology and Chinese Society of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Medical Association update the guidelines for the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B (version 2022) in 2022. The latest guidelines recommend more extensive screening and more active antiviral treating for hepatitis B virus infection. This article interprets the essential updates in the guidelines to help deepen understanding and better guide the clinical practice.
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GINS4 suppresses ferroptosis by antagonizing p53 acetylation with Snail. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2219585120. [PMID: 37018198 PMCID: PMC10104543 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2219585120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent oxidative, nonapoptotic form of regulated cell death caused by the destruction of redox homeostasis. Recent studies have uncovered complex cellular networks that regulate ferroptosis. GINS4 is a promoter of eukaryotic G1/S-cell cycle as a regulator of initiation and elongation of DNA replication, but little is known about its impact on ferroptosis. Here, we found that GINS4 was involved in the regulation of ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). CRISPR/Cas9-mediated GINS4 KO facilitated ferroptosis. Interestingly, depletion of GINS4 could effectively induce G1, G1/S, S, and G2/M cells to ferroptosis, especially for G2/M cells. Mechanistically, GINS4 suppressed p53 stability through activating Snail that antagonized the acetylation of p53, and p53 lysine residue 351 (K351 for human p53) was the key site for GINS4-suppressed p53-mediated ferroptosis. Together, our data demonstrate that GINS4 is a potential oncogene in LUAD that functions to destabilize p53 and then inhibits ferroptosis, providing a potential therapeutic target for LUAD.
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[Attaching importance to the standardized development of early rehabilitation in critically ill children]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2023; 61:196-198. [PMID: 36849343 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20221025-00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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Roles of Phosphorylation of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor in Chronic Pain. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:155-175. [PMID: 35032275 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01188-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is widely regarded as a vital modification of synaptic function. Various protein kinases are responsible for direct phosphorylation of NMDAR, such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase A, protein kinase C, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, Src family protein tyrosine kinases, cyclin-dependent kinase 5, and casein kinase II. The detailed function of these kinases on distinct subunits of NMDAR has been reported previously and contributes to phosphorylation at sites predominately within the C-terminal of NMDAR. Phosphorylation underlies both structural and functional changes observed in chronic pain, and studies have demonstrated that inhibitors of kinases are significantly effective in alleviating pain behavior in different chronic pain models. In addition, the exploration of drugs that aim to disrupt the interaction between kinases and NMDAR is promising in clinical research. Based on research regarding the modulation of NMDAR in chronic pain models, this review provides an overview of the phosphorylation of NMDAR-related mechanisms underlying chronic pain to elucidate molecular and pharmacologic references for chronic pain management.
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Survival rate prediction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients based on MRI and gene expression using a deep neural network. Cancer Sci 2022; 114:1596-1605. [PMID: 36541519 PMCID: PMC10067413 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To achieve a better treatment regimen and follow-up assessment design for intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)-treated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, an accurate progression-free survival (PFS) time prediction algorithm is needed. We propose developing a PFS prediction model of NPC patients after IMRT treatment using a deep learning method and comparing that with the traditional texture analysis method. One hundred and fifty-one NPC patients were included in this retrospective study. T1-weighted, proton density and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) images were acquired. The expression level of five genes (HIF-1α, EGFR, PTEN, Ki-67, and VEGF) and infection of Epstein-Barr (EB) virus were tested. A residual network was trained to predict PFS from MR images. The output as well as patient characteristics were combined using a linear regression model to provide a final PFS prediction. The prediction accuracy was compared with that of the traditional texture analysis method. A regression model combining the deep learning output with HIF-1α expression and Epstein-Barr infection provides the best PFS prediction accuracy (Spearman correlation R2 = 0.53; Harrell's C-index = 0.82; receiver operative curve [ROC] analysis area under the curve [AUC] = 0.88; log-rank test hazard ratio [HR] = 8.45), higher than a regression model combining texture analysis with HIF-1α expression (Spearman correlation R2 = 0.14; Harrell's C-index =0.68; ROC analysis AUC = 0.76; log-rank test HR = 2.85). The deep learning method does not require a manually drawn tumor region of interest. MR image processing using deep learning combined with patient characteristics can provide accurate PFS prediction for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and does not rely on specific kernels or tumor regions of interest, which is needed for the texture analysis method.
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Rapalogs downmodulate intrinsic immunity and promote cell entry of SARS-CoV-2. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e160766. [PMID: 36264642 PMCID: PMC9753997 DOI: 10.1172/jci160766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in immunocompromised individuals is associated with prolonged virus shedding and evolution of viral variants. Rapamycin and its analogs (rapalogs, including everolimus, temsirolimus, and ridaforolimus) are FDA approved as mTOR inhibitors for the treatment of human diseases, including cancer and autoimmunity. Rapalog use is commonly associated with an increased susceptibility to infection, which has been traditionally explained by impaired adaptive immunity. Here, we show that exposure to rapalogs increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in tissue culture and in immunologically naive rodents by antagonizing the cell-intrinsic immune response. We identified 1 rapalog (ridaforolimus) that was less potent in this regard and demonstrated that rapalogs promote spike-mediated entry into cells, by triggering the degradation of the antiviral proteins IFITM2 and IFITM3 via an endolysosomal remodeling program called microautophagy. Rapalogs that increased virus entry inhibited mTOR-mediated phosphorylation of the transcription factor TFEB, which facilitated its nuclear translocation and triggered microautophagy. In rodent models of infection, injection of rapamycin prior to and after virus exposure resulted in elevated SARS-CoV-2 replication and exacerbated viral disease, while ridaforolimus had milder effects. Overall, our findings indicate that preexisting use of certain rapalogs may elevate host susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease by activating lysosome-mediated suppression of intrinsic immunity.
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Cotton straw biochar and compound Bacillus biofertilizer reduce Cd stress on cotton root growth by regulating root exudates and antioxidant enzymes system. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1051935. [PMID: 36457531 PMCID: PMC9705756 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1051935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cotton straw biochar (biochar) and compound Bacillus biofertilizer (biofertilizer) have attracted wide attentions in the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in recent years. However, few studies have explored the metabolomics of lateral roots of Cd-stressed cotton to determine the mechanism of biochar and biofertilizer alleviating Cd stress. METHODS In this pot experiment, biochar and biofertilizer were applied to the soils with different Cd contamination levels (1, 2, and 4 mg kg-1). Then, the responses of cotton root morphology, vitality, Cd content, and antioxidant enzyme activities were analyzed, and the mechanism of biochar and biofertilizer alleviating Cd stress was determined by metabolomic analysis. RESULTS The results showed that exogenous Cd addition decreased the SOD and POD activities in cotton taproot and lateral root. Besides, with the increase of soil Cd content, the maximum Cd content in taproot (0.0250 mg kg-1) and lateral root (0.0288 mg kg-1) increased by 89.11% and 33.95%, respectively compared with those in the control (p< 0.05). After the application of biochar and biofertilizer, the SOD and POD activities in cotton taproot and lateral root increased. The Cd content of cotton taproot in biochar and biofertilizer treatments decreased by 16.36% and 19.73%, respectively, and that of lateral root decreased by 13.99% and 16.68%, respectively. The metabolomic analysis results showed that the application of biochar and biofertilizer could improve the resistance of cotton root to Cd stress through regulating the pathways of ABC transporters and phenylalanine metabolism. DISCUSSION Therefore, the application of biochar and biofertilizer could improve cotton resistance to Cd stress by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities, regulating root metabolites (phenols and amino acids), and reducing Cd content, thus promoting cotton root growth.
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A machine-learning approach using pubic CT based on radiomics to estimate adult ages. Eur J Radiol 2022; 156:110516. [PMID: 36115129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2022.110516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adult skeletal age estimation is an active research field. To evaluate the performance of a pubic CT radiomics-based machine learning model for estimating age, we established a multiple linear regression model based on radiomics and machine learning methods. METHODS A total of 355 subjects were enrolled in this retrospective study from August 2016 to August 2021, and divided into a training cohort (N = 325) and a testing cohort (N = 30). Computerized texture analysis of the semi-automatically segmentation was performed and 107 texture features were extracted from the regions. Then we used univariate linear regression and multivariate stepwise regression to assess correlations of texture parameters with age. The most vital features were used to make the best predictive model. Eventually, the established radiomics model was tested with an additional 30 patients. RESULTS Clinical characteristics include age, sex, height, weight and BMI were not statistically significant different between training and testing cohort (p = 0.098-0.888). Through a multivariate regression analysis using stepwise regression, six texture parameters were found to have significant correlations with age. The regression formula estimating the age was constructed. CONCLUSIONS The radiomics model using machine learning is considered as a new approach forage estimation frompubic symphysis CT features.Digital osteology is obtained in a non-invasive way so that it can be an ideal collection for anthropological studies.
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Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging-based radiomics for the prediction of progression-free survival in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:955866. [PMID: 36338711 PMCID: PMC9627984 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.955866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To establish a multidimensional nomogram model for predicting progression-free survival (PFS) and risk stratification in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This retrospective cross-sectional study included 156 patients with advanced NPC who underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). Radiomic features were extracted from the efflux rate constant (Ktrans ) and extracellular extravascular volume (Ve ) mapping derived from DCE-MRI. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis was applied for feature selection. The Radscore was constructed using the selected features with their respective weights in the LASSO Cox regression analysis. A nomogram model combining the Radscore and clinical factors was built using multivariate Cox regression analysis. The C-index was used to assess the discrimination power of the Radscore and nomogram. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Of the 360 radiomic features, 28 were selected (7, 6, and 15 features extracted from Ktrans , Ve, and Ktrans +Ve images, respectively). The combined Radscore k trans +Ve (C-index, 0.703, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.571-0.836) showed higher efficacy in predicting the prognosis of advanced NPC than Radscore k trans (C-index, 0.693; 95% CI, 0.560-0.826) and Radscore Ve (C-index, 0.614; 95% CI, 0.481-0.746) did. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed clinical stage, T stage, and treatment with nimotuzumab as risk factors for PFS. The nomogram established by Radscore k trans +Ve and risk factors (C-index, 0.732; 95% CI: 0.599-0.864) was better than Radscore k trans +Ve in predicting PFS in patients with advanced NPC. A lower Radscore k trans +Ve (HR 3.5584, 95% CI 2.1341-5.933), lower clinical stage (hazard ratio [HR] 1.5982, 95% CI 0.5262-4.854), lower T stage (HR 1.4365, 95% CI 0.6745-3.060), and nimotuzumab (NTZ) treatment (HR 0.7879, 95% CI 0.4899-1.267) were associated with longer PFS. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a lower PFS in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group (p<0.0001). The nomogram based on combined pretreatment DCE-MRI radiomics features, NTZ, and clinicopathological risk factors may be considered as a noninvasive imaging marker for predicting individual PFS in patients with advanced NPC.
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Rapalogs downmodulate intrinsic immunity and promote cell entry of SARS-CoV-2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2022:2021.04.15.440067. [PMID: 33880473 PMCID: PMC8057238 DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.15.440067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised individuals is associated with prolonged virus shedding and evolution of viral variants. Rapamycin and its analogs (rapalogs, including everolimus, temsirolimus, and ridaforolimus) are FDA-approved as mTOR inhibitors for the treatment of human diseases, including cancer and autoimmunity. Rapalog use is commonly associated with increased susceptibility to infection, which has been traditionally explained by impaired adaptive immunity. Here, we show that exposure to rapalogs increases susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in tissue culture and in immunologically naive rodents by antagonizing the cell-intrinsic immune response. By identifying one rapalog (ridaforolimus) that is less potent in this regard, we demonstrate that rapalogs promote Spike-mediated entry into cells by triggering the degradation of antiviral proteins IFITM2 and IFITM3 via an endolysosomal remodeling program called microautophagy. Rapalogs that increase virus entry inhibit the mTOR-mediated phosphorylation of the transcription factor TFEB, which facilitates its nuclear translocation and triggers microautophagy. In rodent models of infection, injection of rapamycin prior to and after virus exposure resulted in elevated SARS-CoV-2 replication and exacerbated viral disease, while ridaforolimus had milder effects. Overall, our findings indicate that preexisting use of certain rapalogs may elevate host susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease by activating lysosome-mediated suppression of intrinsic immunity.
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[Perspectives on recent monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic areas]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2022; 102:2148-2152. [PMID: 35872578 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220526-01162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Monkeypox is a rare infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus, which used to occur endemically in central and western Africa. As of 25th May, a total of 219 recently confirmed cases of monkeypox have been reported from 19 non-endemic countries. This outbreak unusually takes place in non-endemic areas for monkeypox virus and has exhibited features of high risk of human-to-human transmission. Onset of multiple human monkeypox cases may be related to the decreased level of herd cross-immunity after the cessation of smallpox vaccination. Moreover, behavioral patterns in specific populations may account for the human-to-human transmission in this outbreak. Currently, possibility of global epidemic of monkeypox is extremely low, but China should be cautious about risks of importation of monkeypox cases. The key to prevention and control is to establish a surveillance system to identify suspicious cases and close contacts as soon as possible.
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[Clinical features and influencing factors of long-term prognosis in patients with tuberculous meningitis]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2022; 61:764-770. [PMID: 35764559 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20220121-00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical features and influencing factors of long-term prognosis of tuberculous meningitis(TBM), and to provide a recommendation for treatment and early intervention of TBM. Methods: Clinical data of TBM patients were retrospectively collected at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2014 to December 2021. Patients who were followed-up more than one year were divided into two groups according to modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Risk factors associated with long-term prognosis were analyze by conditional logistic stepwise regression. Results: A total of 60 subjects were enrolled including 33 (55%) males and 27 (45%) females with age 15-79 (44.5±19.8) years. There were 30 cases (50%) complicated with encephalitis, 21 cases (35%) with miliary tuberculosis. The diagnosis was microbiologically confirmed in 22 patients (36.7%), including 5 cases (22.7%, 5/22) by acid-fast staining, 8 cases (36.4%, 8/22) by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) culture, and 20 cases (90.9%, 20/22) by molecular biology. The median follow-up period was 52(43, 66 ) months in 55 cases surviving more than one year. Among them, 40 cases (72.7%) were in favorable group (mRS 0-2) and 15 cases (27.3%) were in unfavorable group (mRS 3-6) with poor prognosis. The mortality rate was 20% (11/55). Elderly (OR=1.06, P=0.048 ) , hyponatremia(OR=0.81,P=0.020), high protein level in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (OR=3.32,P=0.033), cerebral infarction(OR=10.50,P=0.040) and hydrocephalus(OR=8.51,P=0.049) were associated with poor prognosis in TBM patients. Conclusions: The mortality rate is high in patients with TBM. Molecular biology tests improves the sensitivity and shorten the diagnosis time of TBM. Elderly, hyponatremia, high protein level in CSF, cerebral infarction and hydrocephalus are independent risk factors of long-term survival in TBM patients.
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PCDHB14 promotes ferroptosis and is a novel tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2022; 41:3570-3583. [PMID: 35688944 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02370-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Liver cancer, a result of multifactorial interplay between heredity and the environment, is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common histologic type of primary liver cancer. Here, we reported that deficiency in PCDHB14, a member of the cadherin superfamily, participates in the progression of HCC. We found that PCDHB14 is inactivated by aberrant methylation of its promoter in HCC patients and that PCDHB14 functions as a tumor suppressor to promote cell cycle arrest, inhibit cell proliferation, and induce ferroptosis. Furthermore, PCDHB14 ablation dramatically enhanced diethylenenitrite-induced HCC development. Mechanistically, PCDHB14 is induced by p53, and increased PCDHB14 downregulates the expression of SLC7A11, which is critical for ferroptosis. This effect is mediated by accelerated p65 protein degradation resulting from PCDHB14 promoting E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF182-mediated ubiquitination of p65 to block p65 binding to the promoter of SLC7A11. This study reports the new discovery that PCDHB14 serves as a potential prognostic marker for HCC.
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[To establish an effective system for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in both peacetime and epidemic period]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2022; 61:711-712. [PMID: 35764554 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20220430-00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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[Investigation and analysis of the implementation status of "Diagnosis and therapy guideline of preterm birth (2014)"]. ZHONGHUA FU CHAN KE ZA ZHI 2022; 57:449-455. [PMID: 35775253 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20211203-00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the actual situation of the implementation of "Diagnosis and therapy guideline of preterm birth(2014)", "Guideline" for short, by front-line obstetricians, and to provide reference for the further update and supplement of the "Guideline". Methods: This study designed a structured questionnaire for the prominent problems in the prevention and treatment of preterm birth, which was determined by the expert team drafting the "Guideline". In October to November 2021, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among obstetricians, including members of the Perinatal Medicine Branch of Jiangsu Medical Association and the Obstetrics Subgroup,Chinese society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese Medical Association, on the implementation status of the "Guideline". The recommendations of the "Guideline" were used as standard answers to determine the implementation rate. A total of 328 valid questionnaires were collected. The total score of the questionnaire was 12 points. The questionnaire was divided into low executive ability group (<7 points) and high executive ability group (≥7 points) with a score of 7 as the threshold value, and the differences in baseline information such as hospital grade and professional title between the two groups were compared. Results: The score of 328 obstetricians was (7.6±1.6) points, including 250 (76.2%, 250/328) in the high execution group and 78 (23.8%, 78/328) in the low execution group. The execution rates of "the use of uterine contraction inhibitors for short courses"[97.0% (318/328)], "late umbilical cord breakage after birth of premature infants"[87.8% (288/328)] and "should preterm patients with intact membranes be treated with antibiotics"[86.6% (284/328)] were all over 80%, indicating good implementation. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that hospital grade and professional title were independent factors influencing the performance of the "Guideline"(all P<0.05), and secondary hospitals had lower scores and worse execution than tertiary hospitals (OR=0.42, 95%CI: 0.23-0.77; P=0.005). Senior titles had higher scores and better execution than junior titles (OR=5.33, 95%CI: 2.35-12.07; P<0.001). When answering the question "gestational week at which premature infants could survive in your hospital", only 3.4% (11/328) answered 22 weeks, and 44.5% (146/328) answered 28 weeks, accounted for the highest proportion. The gestational week of surviving premature infants in tertiary hospitals was earlier than that in secondary hospitals (P<0.05). The gestational week of surviving premature infants answered by senior titles was earlier than that of junior titles (P<0.05). Conclusions: Obstetricians generally have a good implementation of the "Guideline", and their understanding of some recommended clauses in the guidelines needs to be improved. In the future, training of primary hospitals and physicians with junior titles should be strengthened.
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[The brief history and current application of vaccines]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2022; 61:588-593. [PMID: 35488615 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20210521-00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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Multi-interface MoS 2/Ni 3S 4/Mo 2S 3 composite as an efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction over a wide pH range. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:6825-6831. [PMID: 35438099 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00231k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The exploitation of cost-efficiently electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) over a wide pH range remains a challenge. Herein, we prepared a novel multi-interface MoS2/Ni3S4/Mo2S3 composite on carbon cloth (CC) that acts as an efficient electrocatalyst over a wide pH range through a facile one-pot strategy, where (NH4)4[NiH6Mo6O24]·5H2O (abbreviated to NiMo6) as a bimetallic precursor and Ni(NO3)2·6H2O as one of the raw materials and salt are used together with thiourea (TU) for converting them into the MoS2/Ni3S4/Mo2S3 load on CC (abbreviated as MoS2/Ni3S4/Mo2S3/CC). MoS2/Ni3S4/Mo2S3/CC-24 h shows a distinguished electrocatalytic performance towards HER with long-term stability in acid and alkaline media. It presents low overpotentials of 38 mV and 51 mV in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 1.0 M KOH at 10 mA cm-2, respectively. This work can deliver a new idea to fabricate cost-efficient and long-term durability HER electrocatalysts over a broad pH range.
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CuCoNi–S anchored CoMoO 4/MoO 3 forming core–shell structure for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:16111-16118. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02532a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CoMoO4/MoO3@CuCoNi–S is prepared by hydrothermal and electrodeposition methods. It offers promising supercapacitor properties.
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[Lobular panniculitis in a patient with Lyme borreliosis]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2021; 60:764-767. [PMID: 34304455 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20201115-00940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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[Diagnosis and treatment of a patient with fever, rash, and lymphadenopathy]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2021; 60:669-670. [PMID: 34619846 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20200828-00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
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Presynaptic Kv3 channels are required for fast and slow endocytosis of synaptic vesicles. Neuron 2021; 109:938-946.e5. [PMID: 33508244 PMCID: PMC7979485 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Since their discovery decades ago, the primary physiological and pathological effects of potassium channels have been attributed to their ion conductance, which sets membrane potential and repolarizes action potentials. For example, Kv3 family channels regulate neurotransmitter release by repolarizing action potentials. Here we report a surprising but crucial function independent of potassium conductance: by organizing the F-actin cytoskeleton in mouse nerve terminals, the Kv3.3 protein facilitates slow endocytosis, rapid endocytosis, vesicle mobilization to the readily releasable pool, and recovery of synaptic depression during repetitive firing. A channel mutation that causes spinocerebellar ataxia inhibits endocytosis, vesicle mobilization, and synaptic transmission during repetitive firing by disrupting the ability of the channel to nucleate F-actin. These results unmask novel functions of potassium channels in endocytosis and vesicle mobilization crucial for sustaining synaptic transmission during repetitive firing. Potassium channel mutations that impair these "non-conducting" functions may thus contribute to generation of diverse neurological disorders.
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[The 485th case: fever of undetermined origin and hypoxemia]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2021; 60:279-283. [PMID: 33663183 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20200313-00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A 49-year-old male was admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital presented with fever for more than half a year. The patient was diagnosed as Sjogren's syndrome at local hospital. After oral prednisone 60 mg per day was given, the fever alleviated, but recurred after prednisone tapered to 40 mg/d. Both blood culture and stool culture were positive for Salmonella enteritidis. Antibiotics including ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cilastatin-imipenem were sequentially administrated for 4 weeks, yet not effective. Although there were not respiratory symptoms or certain abnormalities on high-resolution chest CT, arterial blood gas indicated hypoxemia. Serum lactate dehydrogenase and β2 micro-globulin were elevated, and the lung function test demonstrated significant impairment of diffusion function. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT)scan suggested that high fluorodeoxyglucose uptake was diffusely seen in both lungs. The patient was finally diagnosed as pulmonary intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) by transbronchial lung biopsy. This case aims to emphasize the differentiation diagnoses of pulmonary intravascular lymphoma from common situations.
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Constraints on Dark Matter Properties from Observations of Milky Way Satellite Galaxies. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:091101. [PMID: 33750144 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.091101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We perform a comprehensive study of Milky Way (MW) satellite galaxies to constrain the fundamental properties of dark matter (DM). This analysis fully incorporates inhomogeneities in the spatial distribution and detectability of MW satellites and marginalizes over uncertainties in the mapping between galaxies and DM halos, the properties of the MW system, and the disruption of subhalos by the MW disk. Our results are consistent with the cold, collisionless DM paradigm and yield the strongest cosmological constraints to date on particle models of warm, interacting, and fuzzy dark matter. At 95% confidence, we report limits on (i) the mass of thermal relic warm DM, m_{WDM}>6.5 keV (free-streaming length, λ_{fs}≲10h^{-1} kpc), (ii) the velocity-independent DM-proton scattering cross section, σ_{0}<8.8×10^{-29} cm^{2} for a 100 MeV DM particle mass [DM-proton coupling, c_{p}≲(0.3 GeV)^{-2}], and (iii) the mass of fuzzy DM, m_{ϕ}>2.9×10^{-21} eV (de Broglie wavelength, λ_{dB}≲0.5 kpc). These constraints are complementary to other observational and laboratory constraints on DM properties.
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Khalifa MO, Abd-elkareem M, Gaber W, Li T, Saleh AM. Developmental Morphological Analyses on the Preglottal Salivary Gland in Japanese Quails (Coturnix Japonica).. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-255124/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
To understand the development of the mucous preglottal salivary gland in Coturnix japonica (Japanese quail), morphological and histochemical studies were performed on 20 healthy Japanese quail embryos (aging from 10 th to 17 th incubation days) and 25 healthy quail chicks (aging from 0 th to 60 th days). The primordia of preglottal salivary gland was observed as an epithelial bud at the early embryonic stage, which then elongated and differentiated into secretory units by the end of this stage. In Japanese quails, the preglottal salivary gland was a mucous polystomatic tubulo-alveolar unpaired gland composed of two lateral portions and a middle one embedded into submucosa of the lingual root. The gland openings accompanied taste pore (8.17 μm) of taste buds associated salivary glands type; some skeletal muscle fibers embedded among secretory lobules extended from muscle cricohyoideus at 14 th day old quail chick. Also, both herbts corpuscles and secretory motor plexus could be detected among secretory lobules. Based on our investigations, the development of preglottal salivary gland could clearly be distinguished in the embryonic stage into prebud and bud stages at 10 th day old, cord and branching stages ended by cavitation at 11 th day old, canalization stage at 13 th day old, lobulation and secretory stages by the 17 th day old. This mucous secretion showed different histochemical reactions ended with highly alcinophilic mucous indicated highly sialomucin (acidic) content. Myoepithelial cells could be demonstrated at 17-day old quail embryo and there after, surrounded the secretory endpieces of the preglottal salivary gland.
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Multidisciplinary collaborative integrated management of increasingly prominent HIV complications in the post-cART era. HIV Med 2020; 21:683-691. [PMID: 33369030 PMCID: PMC7839721 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objectives With the prolonged survival time of AIDS patients, complications of various systems and organs of HIV infection are increasingly prominent. These diseases have become the major factors influencing the quality of life and prognosis of HIV‐infected persons, and multidisciplinary cooperation treatment is urgently needed. Methods The Chinese HIV/AIDS Clinical Trial Network has conducted a series of multicentre clinical cohort studies over the past 16 years, in which studies related to people living with HIV systemic complications. Based on the results of previous studies, this review establishes the complications of Chinese people living with HIV after long‐term cART. Results HIV’s direct damage to human cells, chronic abnormal inflammatory activation after HIV infection, long‐term drug side effects caused by cART and persistent reservoirs cause systemic complications in people living with HIV. We summarised the clinical characteristics of the complications of HIV infection in China from the aspects of the liver, cardiovascular, the nervous system, the kidney, bone metabolism, blood glucose, and lipid metabolism. Conclusions The management of the complications of HIV infection is a major link in improving the survival treatment and prognosis of patients in the future. The joint participation of doctors from different departments of general hospitals in the management of comorbidities is the main theme for future improvement of quality of life and prognosis for people living with HIV.
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Epigenetic crosstalk between hypoxia and tumor driven by HIF regulation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:224. [PMID: 33109235 PMCID: PMC7592369 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01733-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is the major influence factor in physiological and pathological courses which are mainly mediated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) in response to low oxygen tensions within solid tumors. Under normoxia, HIF signaling pathway is inhibited due to HIF-α subunits degradation. However, in hypoxic conditions, HIF-α is activated and stabilized, and HIF target genes are successively activated, resulting in a series of tumour-specific activities. The activation of HIFs, including HIF-1α, HIF-2α and HIF-3α, subsequently induce downstream target genes which leads to series of responses, the resulting abnormal processes or metabolites in turn affect HIFs stability. Given its functions in tumors progression, HIFs have been regarded as therapeutic targets for improved treatment efficacy. Epigenetics refers to alterations in gene expression that are stable between cell divisions, and sometimes between generations, but do not involve changes in the underlying DNA sequence of the organism. And with the development of research, epigenetic regulation has been found to play an important role in the development of tumors, which providing accumulating basic or clinical evidences for tumor treatments. Here, given how little has been reported about the overall association between hypoxic tumors and epigenetics, we made a more systematic review from epigenetic perspective in hope of helping others better understand hypoxia or HIF pathway, and providing more established and potential therapeutic strategies in tumors to facilitate epigenetic studies of tumors.
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[The clinical features and treatment strategy of coronavirus disease 2019: reflections from Wuhan frontline]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2020; 59:577-579. [PMID: 34865375 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20200519-00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
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43
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Growth inhibition by bacterial Cas2Em proteins expressed in mammalian cells. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:2499-2520. [PMID: 32655787 PMCID: PMC7344093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) and the CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins are bacterial adaptive immune system for survival. In our previous study, we demonstrate that polyploid giant bacterial cells (PGBC) induced by Cas2 protein is a step required by new spacer acquisition reaction catalyzed by Cas1/Cas2 complex. We also demonstrated that a carboxyl terminal domain on Cas2Em (the protein Cas2 cloned from Elizabethkingia meningoseptica) is sufficient and enough for PGBC. Thus, the potential role of Cas2Em in microbial-host interaction was explored in this study. METHODS The impacts of Cas2Em on growth of both CHO-K1 and Hela cells were investigated. The subcellular localization and potential molecular target of Ca2Em were studied. RESULTS The growth of mammalian cells were inhibited by Cas2Em protein via G1 arresting and apoptosis. In addition, we also demonstrated that Cas2Em was tightly associated with nuclear outer membrane and could be immunoprecipitated with 14-3-3γ through a 30 amino acid domain (homology of CLK2). CONCLUSION Cas2Em significantly suppressed the growth of mammalian cells indicating Cas2 proteins play an important role in mammalian cells.
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[The differential diagnosis for novel coronavirus pneumonia and similar lung diseases in general hospitals]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2020; 43:401-408. [PMID: 32153167 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200221-00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Novel coronavirus pneumonia was a novel coronavirus infection that has dominated pulmonary infection since December 2019. The main manifestations were fever, dry cough, shortness of breath, normal or leukopenia in peripheral blood and changes in chest CT and in severe cases, multiple organ failure might occur. The National Health Commission, PRC has revised the consensus on diagnosis and treatment seven times in a short period of time, indicating the growing understanding of the disease. Patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia usually had history of travelling or living in the epidemic area including Wuhan within 14 days before onset, or have been exposed to patients who had fever or respiratory symptoms from the epidemic area, or had clustering diseases. However, novel coronavirus pneumonia was becoming more and more blurred after vanishing epidemic. The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of novel coronavirus pneumonia were challenges not only because of large number of tourists increasing dramatically after the relieving of epidemic, but also patients with other diseases from different areas to search for medical care. In this article, the clinical and chest imaging features of the novel coronavirus pneumonia were reviewed and compared with other infections and non-infectious diffuse pulmonary diseases. We try to find the similarities and differences among them, and to identify clues to the diagnosis of novel coronavirus pneumonia, so as to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment.
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[Clinical and coagulation characteristics in 7 patients with critical COVID-2019 pneumonia and acro-ischemia]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2020; 41:302-307. [PMID: 32447934 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical and coagulation characteristics in patients with critical Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and acro-ischemia. Methods: The retrospective study included 7 critical COVID-19 patients with acro-ischemia in an intensive care unit (ICU) in Wuhan, from Feb 4 to Feb 15, 2020. The clinical and laboratory data before and during the ICU stay were analyzed. Results: The median age of 7 patients was 59 years and 4 of them were men. Three patients were associated with underlying comorbidities. Fever, cough, dyspnea and diarrhea were common clinical symptoms. All patients had acro-ischemia presentations including finger/toe cyanosis, skin bulla and dry gangrene. D-dimer, fibrinogen and fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) were significantly elevated in most patients. Prothrombin time was prolonged in 4 patients. D-dimer and FDP levels progressively elevated consistent with COVID-2019 exacerbation. Four patients were diagnosed with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) . Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) was administrated in 6 patients, which reduced D-dimer and FDP rather than improved clinical symptoms. Five patients died finally and the median time from acro-ischemia to death was 12 days. Conclusions: Coagulation parameters should be monitored closely in critical COVID-2019 patients. The timing and protocol of anticoagulation therapy are still under investigation based on more clinical data.
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46
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[Characteristics and prognostic value of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets in patients with severe influenza]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2020; 59:200-206. [PMID: 32146746 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1426.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the characteristics and prognostic value of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets in patients with severe influenza. Methods: This was a single-center cross-sectional study in influenza patients admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from August 2017 to April 2018. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were detected by flow cytometry in both patients and 108 healthy controls. Influenza patients were divided into mild group and severe group. Severe patients were further classified into alive and fatal subgroups. Results: A total of 42 influenza patients were recruited in this study, including 24 severe cases (6 deaths). The remaining 18 cases were mild. The peripheral blood lymphocyte counts and lymphocyte subset counts (B, NK, CD4(+)T, CD8(+)T) in either mild patients[795 (571,1 007), 43 (23,144), 70 (47,135), 330 (256,457), 226 (148,366) cells/μl respectively] or severe patients[661 (474,1 151),92 (52,139), 54 (34,134), 373 (235,555), 180 (105,310) cells/μl respectively] were both significantly lower than those of healthy controls [1 963 (1 603,2 394),179 (119,239), 356 (231,496), 663 (531,824), 481 (341,693) cells/μl respectively]. Meanwhile, the T cells and CD8(+)T counts in fatal patients [370 (260,537) cells/μl and 87 (74,105) cells/μl] were significantly lower than those in severe and alive patients [722 (390,990) cells/μl and 222 (154,404) cells/μl]. CD8(+)HLA-DR/CD8(+)and CD8(+)CD38(+)/CD8(+)T cell activating subgroups in mild cases[(53.7±19.2)% and 74.8% (64.1%,83.7%) respectively] were significantly higher than those in severe cases[(38.5±21.7)% and 53.3% (45.3%,67.2%) respectively].Moreover,CD8(+)HLA-DR/CD8(+)count in severe and alive group was higher than that in fatal group [(46.1±19.1)% vs. (18.2±14.6)%, P<0.01]. Logistic regression analysis showed that CD8(+)T cell count (OR=0.952, 95%CI 0.910-0.997, P=0.035) and CD8(+)HLA-DR/CD8(+)T (OR=0.916, 95%CI 0.850-0.987, P=0.022) were both negatively correlated with mortality.Peripheral blood lymphocyte counts in mild cases rapidly decreased within 1 day after diagnosis, and returned to the basic level one week later. Conclusions: All peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets (T,B,NK) in patients with influenza are significantly reduced. These findings are consistent with the immunological characteristics of respiratory viral infections, in which peripheral lymphocytes (especially T cells) migrate to respiratory tract in the early stage and circulate to the peripheral blood after recovery. The activated CD8(+)T cell counts in peripheral blood are negatively correlated with the severity of disease, which could be considered as a prognostic indicator of severe influenza.
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[Clinical and coagulation characteristics of 7 patients with critical COVID-2019 pneumonia and acro-ischemia]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2020; 41:E006. [PMID: 32220276 PMCID: PMC7364914 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical and coagulation characteristics of the critical Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with acro-ischemia in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: The retrospective study included 7 critical COVID-19 patients with acro-ischemia in a single center in Wuhan, from Feb 4 to Feb 15, 2020. The clinical and laboratory data before and during the ICU stay were analyzed. Results: The median age of 7 patients was 59 years and 4 of them were men. 3 of them were associated with underlying comorbidities. Fever, cough, dyspnea and diarrhea were common clinical symptoms. All patients had acro-ischemia presentations including finger/toe cyanosis, skin bulla and dry gangrene. D-dimer, fibrinogen and fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) were significantly elevated in most patients. Prothrombin time (PT) were prolonged in 4 patients. D-dimer and FDP levels increased progressively when COVID-2019 exacerbated, and 4 patients were diagnosed with definite disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). 6 patients received low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) treatment, after which their D-dimer and FDP decreased, but there was no significant improvement in clinical symptoms. 5 patients died finally and the median time from acro-ischemia to death was 12 days. Conclusions: The existence of hypercoagulation status in critical COVID-2019 patients should be monitored closely, and anticoagulation therapy can be considered in selected patients. More clinical data is needed to investigate the role of anticoagulation in COVID-2019 treatment.
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[Interpretation of "Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infection by the National Health Commission (Trial Version 5)"]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2020; 100:805-807. [PMID: 32234150 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200205-00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Detection of Cross-Correlation between Gravitational Lensing and γ Rays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:101102. [PMID: 32216401 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.101102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, many γ-ray sources have been identified, yet the unresolved component hosts valuable information on the faintest emission. In order to extract it, a cross-correlation with gravitational tracers of matter in the Universe has been shown to be a promising tool. We report here the first identification of a cross-correlation signal between γ rays and the distribution of mass in the Universe probed by weak gravitational lensing. We use data from the Dark Energy Survey Y1 weak lensing data and the Fermi Large Area Telescope 9-yr γ-ray data, obtaining a signal-to-noise ratio of 5.3. The signal is mostly localized at small angular scales and high γ-ray energies, with a hint of correlation at extended separation. Blazar emission is likely the origin of the small-scale effect. We investigate implications of the large-scale component in terms of astrophysical sources and particle dark matter emission.
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[A case of visceral leishmaniasis with renal injury and literature review]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2020; 58:832-834. [PMID: 31665861 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1426.2019.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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