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Valarmathi R, Mahadeva Swamy HK, Appunu C, Suresha GS, Mohanraj K, Hemaprabha G, Mahadevaiah C, Ulaganathan V. Comparative transcriptome profiling to unravel the key molecular signalling pathways and drought adaptive plasticity in shoot borne root system of sugarcane. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12853. [PMID: 37553413 PMCID: PMC10409851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39970-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane root system comprises of superficial sett roots as well as deeply-penetrating shoot borne roots (SBR) with latter being the permanent root system. In sugarcane, the healthy SBR contributes to a better crop yield and it also helps to produce multiple ratoon crops after the harvest. There is a dearth of in-depth knowledge on SBR system architecture and its functional role in modern day commercial hybrids. A comprehensive phenotypic, anatomical and whole transcriptome profiling, conducted between the commercial sugarcane hybrids and a wild germplasm Erianthus, found a developmental delay in both initiation and establishment of the SBR in commercial hybrid compared to Erianthus. The SBR system in Erianthus proved to be an extensive drought-adaptive root system architecture that significantly contributes to drought tolerance. On the other hand, SBRs in the commercial hybrids showed an irreversible collapse and damage of the root cells under drought stress. The outcomes from the comparative analysis of the transcriptome data showed a significant upregulation of the genes that regulate important stress signalling pathways viz., sugar, calcium, hormone signalling and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in the SBRs of Erianthus. It was found that through these key signalling pathways, Erianthus SBRs triggered the downstream signalling cascade to impart physiological responses like osmoprotection, modification of the cell walls, detoxification of reactive oxygen species, expression of drought responsive transcription factors, maintenance of cell stability and lateral root development. The current study forms a basis for further exploration of the Shoot Borne Root system as a valuable breeding target to develop drought tolerant sugarcane genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Valarmathi
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India.
| | - H K Mahadeva Swamy
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India
| | - C Appunu
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India
| | - G S Suresha
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India
| | - K Mohanraj
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India
| | - G Hemaprabha
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India
| | - C Mahadevaiah
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India
| | - V Ulaganathan
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India
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Ulaganathan V, Zakaria F. Association of Diet Diversity and Lifestyle Practices with Hypertension among Adults in Klang Valley. Int J Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lowrence RC, Ramakrishnan A, Sundaramoorthy NS, Shyam A, Mohan V, Subbarao HMV, Ulaganathan V, Raman T, Solomon A, Nagarajan S. Norfloxacin salts of carboxylic acids curtail planktonic and biofilm mode of growth in ESKAPE pathogens. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 124:408-422. [PMID: 29178633 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To enhance the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of norfloxacin against the planktonic and biofilm mode of growth in ESKAPE pathogens using chemically modified norfloxacin salts. METHODS AND RESULTS Antimicrobial testing, synergy testing and time-kill curve analysis were performed to evaluate antibacterial effect of norfloxacin carboxylic acid salts against ESKAPE pathogens. In vivo efficacy to reduce bacterial bioburden was evaluated in zebrafish infection model. Crystal violet assay and live-dead staining were performed to discern antibiofilm effect. Membrane permeability, integrity and molecular docking studies were carried out to ascertain the mechanism of action. The carboxylic acid salts, relative to parent molecule norfloxacin, displayed two- to fourfold reduction in minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in addition to displaying potent bacteriostatic effect against certain members of ESKAPE pathogens. In vivo treatments revealed that norfloxacin tartrate (SRIN2) reduced MRSA bioburden by greater than 1 log fold relative to parent molecule in the muscle tissue. In silico docking with gyrA of S. aureus showed increased affinity of SRIN2 towards DNA gyrase. The enhanced antibacterial effect of norfloxacin salts could be partially accounted by altered membrane permeability in S. aureus and perturbed membrane integrity in P. aeruginosa. Antibiofilm studies revealed that SRIN2 (norfloxacin tartrate) and SRIN3 (norfloxacin benzoate) exerted potent antibiofilm effect particularly against Gram-negative ESKAPE pathogens. The impaired colonization of both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa due to improved norfloxacin salts was further supported by live-dead imaging. CONCLUSION Norfloxacin carboxylic acid salts can act as potential alternatives in terms of drug resensitization and reuse. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Our study shows that carboxylic acid salts of norfloxacin could be effectively employed to treat both planktonic- and biofilm-based infections caused by select members of ESKAPE pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Lowrence
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.,Center for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Ramakrishnan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N S Sundaramoorthy
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Shyam
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Mohan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - H M V Subbarao
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Ulaganathan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T Raman
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - S Nagarajan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.,Center for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ulaganathan V, Retzlaff I, Won J, Gochev G, Gunes D, Gehin-Delval C, Leser M, Noskov B, Miller R. β-Lactoglobulin adsorption layers at the water/air surface: 2. Dilational rheology: Effect of pH and ionic strength. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Won J, Gochev G, Ulaganathan V, Krägel J, Aksenenko E, Fainerman V, Miller R. Mixed adsorption mechanism for the kinetics of BLG interfacial layer formation at the solution/tetradecane interface. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ulaganathan V, Retzlaff I, Won J, Gochev G, Gehin-Delval C, Leser M, Noskov B, Miller R. β-Lactoglobulin adsorption layers at the water/air surface: 1. Adsorption kinetics and surface pressure isotherm: Effect of pH and ionic strength. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ulaganathan V, Gochev G, Gehin-Delval C, Leser M, Gunes D, Miller R. Effect of pH and electrolyte concentration on rising air bubbles in β-lactoglobulin solutions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lotfi M, Bastani D, Ulaganathan V, Miller R, Javadi A. Bubble in flow field: A new experimental protocol for investigating dynamic adsorption layers by using capillary pressure tensiometry. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Won J, Krägel J, Gochev G, Ulaganathan V, Javadi A, Makievski A, Miller R. Bubble–bubble interaction in aqueous β-Lactoglobulin solutions. Food Hydrocoll 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ulaganathan V, Kandiah M, Zalilah MS, Faizal JA, Fijeraid H, Normayah K, Gooi BH, Othman R. Colorectal cancer and its association with the metabolic syndrome: a Malaysian multi-centric case-control study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:3873-7. [PMID: 23098486 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.8.3873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer (CRC) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) are both on the rise in Malaysia. A multi-centric case-control study was conducted from December 2009 to January 2011 to determine any relationship between the two. METHODS Patients with confirmed CRC based on colonoscopy findings and cancer free controls from five local hospitals were assessed for MetS according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition. Each index case was matched for age, gender and ethnicity with two controls (140: 280). RESULTS MetS among cases was highly prevalent (70.7%), especially among women (68.7%). MetS as an entity increased CRC risk by almost three fold independently (OR=2.61, 95%CI=1.53-4.47). In men MetS increased the risk of CRC by two fold (OR=2.01, 95%CI, 1.43-4.56), demonstrating an increasing trend in risk with the number of Mets components observed. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence for a positive association between the metabolic syndrome and colorectal cancer. A prospective study on the Malaysian population is a high priority to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ulaganathan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ulaganathan V, Bergenstahl B, Krägel J, Miller R. Adsorption and shear rheology of β-lactoglobulin/SDS mixtures at water/hexane and water/MCT interfaces. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mohan M, Ulaganathan V, Rodricks IM, Bhuvanakumar CK, Iyue M. Reproduction rate and viability of Merino, Nilagiri and halfbred Merino. I. Fertility, prolificacy and viability. JMIR Public Health Surveill 1986; 18:171-6. [PMID: 3765118 PMCID: PMC10502594 DOI: 10.1007/bf02359530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lambing records from 482 Merino ewes, 533 Nilagiri ewes and 192 halfbred Merino ewes were used to estimate the number of ewes lambing per ewe inseminated, number of lambs born per ewe lambing, number of lambs weaned per lamb born and number of ewe lambs reaching joining age per ewe lamb weaned. Adult viability was studied by following through the life of 385 Merino ewes, 192 Nilagiri ewes and 61 halfbred ewes in the breeding flock from one and a half to seven and a half years of age. The genetic groups differed significantly for all the reproductive traits but not for adult viability. Lower values of number of ewes lambing per ewe inseminated compared to the number weaned and the number reaching joining age indicate that infertility and embryonic mortality were the main sources of loss.
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Mohan M, Ulaganathan V, Rodricks IM, Bhuvanakumar CK, Iyue M. Reproduction rate and viability of Merino, Nilagiri and halfbred Merino. II. Age specific replacement rate and net reproduction rate. Trop Anim Health Prod 1986; 18:177-83. [PMID: 3765119 DOI: 10.1007/bf02359531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Age specific replacement rate, net reproduction rate and intrinsic rate of population increase were estimated from records over a period of 11 years of Merino, Nilagiri and halfbreds. On an average for every 1000 ewes mated 830 ewes lambed, 917 lambs were born, 898 lambs were weaned and 422 ewe lambs survived to joining age (one and a half years) in Nilagiri sheep. The corresponding figures were 665, 685, 590 and 228 in Merino and 664, 709, 691 and 341 in halfbreds. Nilagiri ewes in intermediate ages had more multiple births and older ewes weaned more lambs. The flock strength was not maintained unless the ewes were kept till the fifth lambing in Merino, third lambing in Nilagiri and fourth lambing in halfbred Merino. These results along with the culling levels indicated that the low reproductive efficiency in halfbreds may not be critical enough to avoid introduction of Merino for improvement in productivity. However, the poor reproductive efficiency of the Merino in this country may necessitate repeat importations of Merino rams for production of halfbreds.
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Ulaganathan V. Studies on bovine semen diluted with illini variable temperature diluent. (Effect of storage temperature and addition of ascorbic acid). Indian Vet J 1970; 47:1059-66. [PMID: 5499501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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