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Simon Gonzalez Schumacher N, Colomeu TC, de Figueiredo D, Carvalho VDC, Baú Betim Cazarin C, Prado MA, Molina Meletti LM, de Lima Zollner R. Identification and Antioxidant Activity of the Extracts of Eugenia uniflora Leaves. Characterization of the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Aqueous Extract on Diabetes Expression in an Experimental Model of Spontaneous Type 1 Diabetes (NOD Mice). Antioxidants (Basel) 2015; 4:662-80. [PMID: 26783951 PMCID: PMC4712943 DOI: 10.3390/antiox4040662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical and folklore reports suggest that Eugenia uniflora (E. uniflora) is a functional food that contains numerous compounds in its composition, with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-diabetic effects. In the present study, we investigated the best solvents (water, ethanol and methanol/acetone) for extracting bioactive compounds of E. uniflora leaves, assessing total phenols and the antioxidant activity of the extracts by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), 2,2'-Azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assays, identifying hydrolysable tannins and three phenolic compounds (ellagic acid, gallic acid and rutin) present in the leaves. In addition, we evaluated the incidence of diabetes, degree of insulitis, serum insulin, hepatic glutathione and tolerance test glucose in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Our results suggest that the aqueous extract presents antioxidant activity and high total phenols, which were used as a type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM-1) treatment in NOD mice. We verified that the chronic consumption of aqueous extract reduces the inflammatory infiltrate index in pancreatic islets, maintaining serum insulin levels and hepatic glutathione, and reducing serum lipid peroxidation as well as the risk for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Simon Gonzalez Schumacher
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Vital Brazil, 300, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-888 Campinas-SP, Brazil; E-Mails: (N.S.G.S.); (T.C.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.C.)
| | - Talita Cristina Colomeu
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Vital Brazil, 300, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-888 Campinas-SP, Brazil; E-Mails: (N.S.G.S.); (T.C.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.C.)
| | - Daniella de Figueiredo
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Vital Brazil, 300, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-888 Campinas-SP, Brazil; E-Mails: (N.S.G.S.); (T.C.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.C.)
| | - Virginia de Campos Carvalho
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Vital Brazil, 300, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-888 Campinas-SP, Brazil; E-Mails: (N.S.G.S.); (T.C.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.C.)
| | - Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (FEA-Unicamp), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-862 Campinas-SP, Brazil; E-Mails: (C.B.B.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Marcelo Alexandre Prado
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (FEA-Unicamp), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-862 Campinas-SP, Brazil; E-Mails: (C.B.B.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Laura Maria Molina Meletti
- Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Theodureto de Almeida Camargo, 1500, Vila Nova, 13012-970 Campinas-SP, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Ricardo de Lima Zollner
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Vital Brazil, 300, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-888 Campinas-SP, Brazil; E-Mails: (N.S.G.S.); (T.C.C.); (D.F.); (V.C.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-887 Campinas-SP, Brazil
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +55-19-3289-3709; Fax: +55-19-3521-8925
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