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Wang S, Ni XJ, Wen YG, Xie HS, Chen JR, Luo YL, Li PL. A simple and sensitive HPLC-MS/MS assay for the quantitation of montelukast in cell-based systems in vitro pulmonary drug permeability study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 192:113657. [PMID: 33053506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Montelukast is a potent and selective antagonist of the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 subtype (CysLT1) and widely used in the form of oral tablets and granules for asthma prophylaxis and treatment. Recently, due to the pulmonary inhaled administration can limit montelukast distribution in the systemic circulation, avoid the first-pass metabolism and have better therapeutic effects in respiratory disease treatment, explore alternative routes of administration, like delivery of montelukast via an inhaled, is a new research trend for montelukast. The aim of the current study was to develop and validate a simple, accurate, highly sensitive and selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method (LC-MS/MS) for determination of montelukast in an in vitro cell-based pulmonary pharmacokinetics system model, which can be used to be a better understanding the fate of inhaled montelukast in the lungs. In this study, montelukast was extracted by protein precipitation with acetonitrile containing labeled montelukast. The chromatography was performed on an Agilent Eclipse plus C8 column (4.6 mm × 100 mm, 3.5 μm, Darmstadt, Germany) operating at 35 ◦C. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile: 20 mM ammonium formate buffer (80: 20, v/v), was delivered at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. montelukast and the internal standard were both eluted at 4.2 min. A linear (1/x2) relationship was used to perform the calibration over an analytical range from 0.5 to 600 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-batch precision expressed as CV for four QC samples including LLOQ range from 1.14 % to 6.25 %. The intra- and inter-batch accuracy for four concentrations of montelukast were in the range of 95.19%-104.1%. All the values for accuracy and precision were within the acceptance range. The method met all the bioanalytical method validation requirements by ICH and was suitable for the assay of montelukast which in the in vitro cell-based pulmonary pharmacokinetics system model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jia Ni
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, PR China
| | - Yu-Guan Wen
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, PR China
| | - Huan-Shan Xie
- The Center of Chronic Disease Control in Zhuhai & Zhuhai Third People' s Hospital, Zhuhai 519000, PR China
| | - Ju-Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China
| | - Yu-Long Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health and the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China.
| | - Pan-Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China.
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Ni XJ, Xu ZQ, Jin H, Zheng SL, Cai Y, Wang JJ. Ginsenoside Rg1 protects human renal tubular epithelial cells from lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis and inflammation damage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 51:e6611. [PMID: 29267498 PMCID: PMC5731327 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20176611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rg1, one of the most notable active components of Panax ginseng, has been widely reported to exert anti-inflammatory actions. This study aimed to reveal whether ginsenoside Rg1 also exhibits beneficial roles against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis and inflammation in human renal tubular epithelial cells, and to evaluate the potential role of the component on tubulointerstitial nephritis treatment. HK-2 cells were treated with various doses of ginsenoside Rg1 (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM) in the absence or presence of 5 μg/mL LPS. Thereafter, CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, western blot, migration assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, and ELISA were carried out to respectively assess cell viability, apoptosis, migration, ROS activity, and the release of inflammatory cytokines. As a result, ginsenoside Rg1 protected HK-2 cells from LPS-induced injury, as cell viability was increased, cell apoptosis was decreased, and the release of MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α was reduced. Ginsenoside Rg1 functioned to HK-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the 150 μM dose exhibited the most protective functions. Ginsenoside Rg1 had no significant impact on cell migration and ROS activity, while it alleviated LPS-induced ROS release and migration impairment. Furthermore, the down-regulations of p-PI3K, p-AKT, and up-regulations of PTEN, p-IκBα, p-p65, Bcl-3 induced by LPS were recovered to some extent after ginsenoside Rg1 treatment. In conclusion, ginsenoside Rg1 protects HK-2 cells against LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis via activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway and suppression of NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Ni
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Z Q Xu
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - H Jin
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - S L Zheng
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Y Cai
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - J J Wang
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Shang DW, Wang ZZ, Hu HT, Zhang YF, Ni XJ, Lu HY, Zhang M, Hu JQ, Qiu C, Peng H, Shen LF, Wen YG. Effects of food and grapefruit juice on single-dose pharmacokinetics of blonanserin in healthy Chinese subjects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2017; 74:61-67. [PMID: 28975417 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-017-2340-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential effects of a meal and grapefruit juice on the pharmacokinetics of blonanserin and its metabolite N-desethyl blonanserin in healthy Chinese volunteers. METHODS This was a single-centre, open-label, fixed-sequence study, where 12 healthy Chinese volunteers received a single dose of 8 mg blonanserin after an overnight fast in period 1 (reference), a high-fat meal during period 2 and with co-administration of 250 mL of grapefruit juice in period 3. The washout period was 7 days. Series of plasma samples were collected after each dose to determine concentrations of blonanserin and its metabolite N-desethyl blonanserin using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by non-compartmental analysis and compared between periods by standard average bioequivalence ANOVA. Adverse events were monitored throughout the study. RESULTS All subjects completed the study. High-fat meals significantly increased blonanserin exposure (AUCt) 2.58-fold (90% CI 2.21, 3.02), relative to the reference period. Co-administration of blonanserin with grapefruit juice remarkably prolonged elimination half-life of blonanserin (from 9.7 to 21.4 h) and significantly increased exposures to blonanserin and N-desethyl blonanserin by 5.82-fold (90% CI 4.57, 7.42) and 1.81-fold (90% CI 1.65, 1.98), respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that blonanserin was largely metabolised in the intestinal tract before becoming systemically available, and both food and grapefruit juice enhanced exposure to blonanserin and N-desethyl blonanserin. Grapefruit juice increased bioavailability and may have reduced systemic clearance of blonanserin. Further intestinal CYP3A4 and hepatic CYP3A4 might be postulated to explain the delayed elimination of blonanserin. Dose adjustment of blonanserin is needed on the basis of co-intake of known strong CYP3A4 inhibitor. Patients taking high-dose blonanserin also need to be cautious about the ingestion of grapefruit juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Wei Shang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Zhan-Zhang Wang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Hai-Tang Hu
- Clinical Research Center, Livzon Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., 132 Guihua North Road, Zhuhai, 519020, China
| | - Yue-Feng Zhang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Xiao-Jia Ni
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Hao-Yang Lu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Jin-Qing Hu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Chang Qiu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Huan Peng
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Ling-Fang Shen
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Yu-Guan Wen
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou, 510370, China.
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Hu LJ, Li XF, Hu JQ, Ni XJ, Lu HY, Wang JJ, Huang XN, Lin CX, Shang DW, Wen YG. A Simple HPLC-MS/MS Method for Determination of Tryptophan, Kynurenine and Kynurenic Acid in Human Serum and its Potential for Monitoring Antidepressant Therapy. J Anal Toxicol 2017; 41:37-44. [PMID: 27590037 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkw071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The kynurenine pathway, in which tryptophan is metabolized to kynurenine and kynurenic acid, has been linked to depression. A rapid and highly reproducible liquid-chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method were established for determining tryptophan, kynurenine and kynurenic acid in human serum. Biological samples were precipitated with methanol before separation on an Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18. The stable-isotope-labeled internal standards (kynurenine-13C415N and kynurenic acid-d5) were used for quantification. Detection was performed using multiple reaction monitoring in electrospray ionization mode at m/z 205.1→188.1 for tryptophan, m/z 209.1→146.1 for kynurenine, m/z 190.1→144.1 for kynurenic acid. Good linearity of analyte to internal standard peak area ratios was seen in the concentration range 1,000-50,000 ng/mL for tryptophan, 100-5,000 ng/mL for kynurenine and 1-60 ng/mL for kynurenic acid. Pooled drug-free human serum was purified using activated charcoal and the method was shown to be linear, with validation parameters within acceptable limits. The newly developed method was successfully used to determine concentrations of tryptophan, kynurenine and kynurenic acid in serum from 26 healthy volunteers and 54 patients with depression. Concentrations of tryptophan and kynurenine were lower in serum from depressed individuals than from healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Hu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Li
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Jin-Qing Hu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Xiao-Jia Ni
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Hao-Yang Lu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Jia-Jia Wang
- Guangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Zhuji Road, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xiang-Ning Huang
- Guangzhou Xinhai Hospital , 167 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Chao-Xian Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - De-Wei Shang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Yu-Guan Wen
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China
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Wen YG, Liu X, He XL, Shang DW, Ni XJ, Zhang M, Wang ZZ, Hu JQ, Qiu C. Simultaneous determination of pirfenidone and its metabolite in human plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: application to a pharmacokinetic study. J Anal Toxicol 2014; 38:645-52. [PMID: 25248491 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bku104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and rapid analytical method for the simultaneous determination of pirfenidone and its metabolite, 5-carboxy-pirfenidone, in human plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed and validated. Aliquots of plasma (0.1 mL) containing pirfenidone and 5-carboxy-pirfenidone, as well as deuterium-labeled internal standards (ISs), were deproteinized using acetonitrile. An Agilent Zorbax Plus C18 column was used for the chromatography, with isocratic elution. The mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile and aqueous ammonium formate solution (5 mM) containing 0.1% formic acid (60 : 40, v/v). Using multiple reaction monitoring in positive ionization mode, transitions m/z 186.1 → 65.1, m/z 216.0 → 77.0, m/z 191.1 → 65.1 and m/z 221.0 → 81.0 were chosen to quantify pirfenidone, 5-carboxy-pirfenidone and the two ISs, respectively. The time of analysis was <3 min. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration ranges 0.005-25 μg/mL for pirfenidone, and 0.005-15 μg/mL for 5-carboxy-pirfenidone. The lower limit of quantification for both analytes was 0.005 μg/mL. The intra- and interday precision and relative errors in quality control samples were between -11.7 and 1.3% for pirfenidone and between -5.6 and 2.5% for 5-carboxy-pirfenidone, with mean recoveries ≥90%. The method that has been developed is easy to carry out, sensitive and rapid, and has been successfully used to investigate the pharmacokinetics of pirfenidone in healthy human volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Guan Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Jiaotong Hospital, Wuyingshan Road, Jinan 250031, China
| | - Xiu-Ling He
- Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Xinhui District, Longshan Road, Jiangmen 529100, China
| | - De-Wei Shang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Xiao-Jia Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Zhan-Zhang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Jin-Qing Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Chang Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China
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Liu X, Ni XJ, Shang DW, Zhang M, Hu JQ, Qiu C, Luo FT, Wen YG. Determination of allopurinol and oxypurinol in human plasma and urine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 941:10-6. [PMID: 24184830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Allopurinol is used widely for the treatment of gout, but its pharmacokinetics is complex and some patients show hypersensitivity, necessitating careful monitoring and improved detection methods. In this study, a sensitive and reliable liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to determine the concentrations of allopurinol and its active metabolite oxypurinol in human plasma and urine using 2,6-dichloropurine as the internal standard (IS). Analytes and the IS were extracted from 0.5ml aliquots of plasma or urine using ethyl acetate and separated on an Agilent Eclipse Plus C18 column using methanol and ammonium formate-formic acid buffer containing 5mM ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid (95:5, v/v) as the mobile phase (A) for allopurinol or methanol plus 5mM ammonium formate aqueous solution (95:5, v/v) as the mobile phase (B) for oxypurinol. Allopurinol was detected in positive ion mode and the analysis time was about 7min. The calibration curve was linear from 0.05 to 5μg/mL allopurinol in plasma and 0.5-30μg/mL in urine. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.05μg/mL in plasma and 0.5μg/mL in urine. The intra- and inter-day precision and relative errors of quality control (QC) samples were ≤11.1% for plasma and ≤ 8.7% for urine. Oxypurinol was detected in negative mode with an analysis time of about 4min. The calibration curve was linear from 0.05 to 5μg/mL in plasma (LLOQ, 0.05μg/mL) and from 1 to 50μg/mL in urine (LLOQ, 1μg/mL). The intra- and inter-day precision and relative errors were ≤7.0% for plasma and ≤9.6% for urine. This method was then successfully applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics of allopurinol and oxypurinol in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 36 MingXin Road, Guangzhou 510370, China
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Wen YG, Shang DW, Xie HZ, Wang XP, Ni XJ, Zhang M, Lu W, Qiu C, Liu X, Li FF, Li X, Luo FT. Population pharmacokinetics of blonanserin in Chinese healthy volunteers and the effect of the food intake. Hum Psychopharmacol 2013; 28:134-41. [PMID: 23417765 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to better understand blonanserin population pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics in Chinese healthy subjects. METHODS Data from two studies with 50 subjects were analyzed to investigate the population PK characteristics of blonanserin at single dose (4, 8, and 12 mg) under fasting, multidose (4 mg bid or 8 mg qd for 7 days) and under food intake condition (single dose, 8 mg). Blonanserin plasma concentrations were detected using the high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). A nonlinear mixed-effects model was developed to describe the blonanserin concentration-time profiles. RESULTS A two compartment model with first-order absorption was built to describe the time-course of blonanserin. The population-predicted system apparent clearance (CL/F), volume of apparent distribution in center (V(1)/F), and the first-order absorption rate constant (Ka) of blonanserin under fasting was 1230 L/h, 9500 L, and 3.02 h(-1), respectively. Food intake decreased Ka of blonanserin to 0.78 h(-1). The relative bioavailability between fasting and food intake estimated by the final model was 55%. No clinically significant safety issues were identified. CONCLUSION This is the first study assessing the PK profile of blonanserin with population PKs method. The results can be used for simulation in further clinical trial and optimize individual dosage regimens using a Bayesian methodology in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Guan Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Wen YG, Ni XJ, Zhang M, Liu X, Shang DW. Simultaneous determination of blonanserin and its metabolite in human plasma and urine by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry: Application to a pharmacokinetic study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 903:46-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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