Creating Reversible p-n Junction on Graphene through Ferritin Adsorption

An alternative way to construct a stable p-n junction on graphene-based field effect transistor (G-FET) through physical adsorption of ferritin (spherical protein shell) is presented. The produced p-n junction on G-FET could also operate through water-gate. Native ferritins are known to be negatively charged in wet condition; however, we found that native negatively charged ferritins became positively charged after performing electron beam (EB)-irradiation. We utilized this property to construct p-n junction on G-FET. We found also that EB-irradiation could remove the effect of charged impurity adsorbed on graphene layer, thus the Dirac point was adjusted to gate voltage Vg = 0.