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Nivolumab plus cabozantinib versus sunitinib for first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: extended follow-up from the phase III randomised CheckMate 9ER trial. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102994. [PMID: 38642472 PMCID: PMC11046044 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.102994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nivolumab plus cabozantinib (NIVO + CABO) was approved for first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) based on superiority versus sunitinib (SUN) in the phase III CheckMate 9ER trial (18.1 months median survival follow-up per database lock date); efficacy benefit was maintained with an extended 32.9 months of median survival follow-up. We report updated efficacy and safety after 44.0 months of median survival follow-up in intent-to-treat (ITT) patients and additional subgroup analyses, including outcomes by International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) prognostic risk score. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with treatment-naïve aRCC received NIVO 240 mg every 2 weeks plus CABO 40 mg once daily or SUN 50 mg for 4 weeks (6-week cycles), until disease progression/unacceptable toxicity (maximum NIVO treatment, 2 years). Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) per blinded independent central review (BICR). Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR) per BICR, and safety and tolerability. RESULTS Overall, 323 patients were randomised to NIVO + CABO and 328 to SUN. Median PFS was improved with NIVO + CABO versus SUN [16.6 versus 8.4 months; hazard ratio (HR) 0.59; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.49-0.71]; median OS favoured NIVO + CABO versus SUN (49.5 versus 35.5 months; HR 0.70; 95% CI 0.56-0.87). ORR (95% CI) was higher with NIVO + CABO versus SUN [56% (50% to 62%) versus 28% (23% to 33%)]; 13% versus 5% of patients achieved complete response, and median duration of response was 22.1 months versus 16.1 months, respectively. PFS and OS favoured NIVO + CABO over SUN across intermediate, poor and intermediate/poor IMDC risk subgroups; higher ORR and complete response rates were seen with NIVO + CABO versus SUN regardless of IMDC risk subgroup. Any-grade (grade ≥3) treatment-related adverse events occurred in 97% (67%) versus 93% (55%) of patients treated with NIVO + CABO versus SUN. CONCLUSIONS After extended follow-up, NIVO + CABO maintained survival and response benefits; safety remained consistent with previous follow-ups. These results continue to support NIVO + CABO as a first-line treatment for aRCC. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03141177.
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Efficacy of avelumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib by numbers of IMDC risk factors and target tumor sites at baseline in advanced renal cell carcinoma: long-term follow-up results from JAVELIN Renal 101. ESMO Open 2023; 8:102034. [PMID: 37866029 PMCID: PMC10774904 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.102034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the phase III JAVELIN Renal 101 trial, first-line avelumab + axitinib improved progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate versus sunitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma across all International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) risk groups (favorable, intermediate, and poor); analyses of overall survival (OS) remain immature. Here, we report post hoc analyses of efficacy from the third interim analysis (data cut-off, April 2020) by the numbers of IMDC risk factors and target tumor sites at baseline. METHODS Efficacy endpoints assessed were PFS, objective response, and best overall response per investigator assessment (RECIST v1.1) and OS. Best percentage change and percentage change from baseline in target tumor size over time during the study were also assessed. RESULTS In patients with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4-6 IMDC risk factors, hazard ratios [HRs; 95% confidence interval (CIs)] for OS with avelumab + axitinib versus sunitinib were 0.660 (0.356-1.223), 0.745 (0.524-1.059), 0.973 (0.668-1.417), 0.718 (0.414-1.248), and 0.443 (0.237-0.829), and HRs (95% CIs) for PFS were 0.706 (0.490-1.016), 0.709 (0.540-0.933), 0.711 (0.527-0.960), 0.501 (0.293-0.854), and 0.395 (0.214-0.727), respectively. In patients with 1, 2, 3, or ≥4 target tumor sites, HRs (95% CIs) for OS with avelumab + axitinib versus sunitinib were 0.912 (0.640-1.299), 0.715 (0.507-1.006), 0.679 (0.442-1.044), and 0.747 (0.346-1.615), and HRs (95% CIs) for PFS were 0.706 (0.548-0.911), 0.552 (0.422-0.723), 0.856 (0.589-1.244), and 0.662 (0.329-1.332), respectively. Across all subgroups, analyses of objective response rate and complete response rate favored avelumab + axitinib versus sunitinib, and a greater proportion of patients treated with avelumab + axitinib had tumor shrinkage. CONCLUSIONS In post hoc analyses, first-line treatment with avelumab + axitinib was generally associated with efficacy benefits versus treatment with sunitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma across subgroups defined by different numbers of IMDC risk factors or target tumor sites.
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Tumor and immune features associated with disease-free survival with adjuvant nivolumab in the phase 3 CheckMate 274 trial. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)02582-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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LBA66 IMmotion010: Efficacy and safety from the phase III study of atezolizumab (atezo) vs placebo (pbo) as adjuvant therapy in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) at increased risk of recurrence after resection. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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1737MO Tumor and immune features associated with disease-free survival with adjuvant nivolumab in the phase III CheckMate 274 trial. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Association of C-reactive protein with efficacy of avelumab plus axitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma: long-term follow-up results from JAVELIN Renal 101. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100564. [PMID: 36037566 PMCID: PMC9588905 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background C-reactive protein (CRP) is an important prognostic and predictive factor in advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). We report the association of CRP levels at baseline and early after treatment with efficacy of avelumab plus axitinib or sunitinib from the phase III JAVELIN Renal 101 trial. Patients and methods Patients were categorized into normal (baseline CRP <10 mg/l), normalized (baseline CRP ≥10 mg/l and ≥1 CRP value decreased to <10 mg/l during 6-week treatment), and non-normalized (CRP ≥10 mg/l at baseline and during 6-week treatment) CRP groups. Progression-free survival and best overall response from the second interim analysis and overall survival (OS) from the third interim analysis were assessed. Results In the avelumab plus axitinib and sunitinib arms, respectively, 234, 51, and 108 patients and 232, 36, and 128 patients were categorized into normal, normalized, and non-normalized CRP groups. In respective CRP groups, objective response rates [95% confidence interval (CI)] were 56.0% (49.4% to 62.4%), 66.7% (52.1% to 79.2%), and 45.4% (35.8% to 55.2%) with avelumab plus axitinib and 30.6% (24.7% to 37.0%), 41.7% (25.5% to 59.2%), and 19.5% (13.1% to 27.5%) with sunitinib; complete response rates were 3.8%, 11.8%, and 0.9% and 3.0%, 0%, and 1.6%, respectively. Median progression-free survival (95% CI) was 15.2 months (12.5-21.0 months), not reached (NR) [11.1 months-not estimable (NE)], and 7.0 months (5.6-9.9 months) with avelumab plus axitinib and 11.2 months (8.4-13.9 months), 11.2 months (6.7-13.8 months), and 4.2 months (2.8-5.6 months) with sunitinib; median OS (95% CI) was NR (42.2 months-NE), NR (30.4 months-NE), and 23.0 months (18.4-33.1 months) and NR (39.0 months-NE), 39.8 months (21.7-NE), and 19.1 months (16.3-25.3 months), respectively. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that normalized or non-normalized CRP levels were independent factors for the prediction of objective response rate or OS, respectively, with avelumab plus axitinib. Conclusions In patients with aRCC, CRP levels at baseline and early after treatment may predict efficacy with avelumab plus axitinib. C-reactive protein is an important prognostic and predictive factor in advanced renal cell carcinoma. The association between C-reactive protein levels and the efficacy of avelumab plus axitinib or sunitinib was evaluated. C-reactive protein levels at baseline and early after treatment might predict efficacy with avelumab plus axitinib.
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Efficacy and safety of avelumab plus axitinib in elderly patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: extended follow-up results from JAVELIN Renal 101. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100450. [PMID: 35397432 PMCID: PMC9058903 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the phase III JAVELIN Renal 101 trial, first-line avelumab plus axitinib demonstrated a progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR) benefit versus sunitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). However, efficacy in elderly patients remains unclear. We report efficacy and safety by age group from the second interim analysis of overall survival (OS). Patients and methods PFS and ORR as per blinded independent central review (RECIST 1.1), OS, and safety were assessed in patient groups aged <65, ≥65 to <75, and ≥75 years. Results In the avelumab plus axitinib and sunitinib arms, 271/138/33 and 275/128/41 patients aged <65, ≥65 to <75, and ≥75 years, respectively, were randomized. At data cut-off (January 2019), median PFS [95% confidence interval (CI)] with avelumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib in these respective age groups was 11.6 (8.4-19.4) versus 6.9 (5.6-8.4) months [hazard ratio (HR), 0.63; 95% CI 0.501-0.786], 13.8 (11.1-18.0) versus 11.0 (7.8-16.6) months (HR, 0.88; 95% CI 0.627-1.231), and 13.8 [7.0-not estimable (NE)] versus 9.8 (4.3-NE) months (HR, 0.76; 95% CI 0.378-1.511). Median OS (95% CI) in the respective age groups was not reached (NR) (NE-NE) versus 28.6 (25.5-NE) months (HR, 0.74; 95% CI 0.541-1.022), 30.0 (30.0-NE) versus NR (NE-NE) months (HR, 0.89; 95% CI 0.546-1.467), and 25.3 (19.9-NE) versus NR (19.4-NE) months (HR, 0.87; 95% CI 0.359-2.106). ORR (95% CI) in the respective age groups was 49.4% (43.3% to 55.6%) versus 27.3% (22.1% to 32.9%), 60.9% (52.2% to 69.1%) versus 28.9% (21.2% to 37.6%), and 42.4% (25.5% to 60.8%) versus 22.0% (10.6% to 37.6%). In the avelumab plus axitinib arm, grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) and immune-related AEs occurred in 76.9%/81.2%/72.7% and 45.5%/48.1%/36.4% in the respective age groups. Conclusions First-line avelumab plus axitinib demonstrated favorable efficacy across age groups, including patients aged ≥75 years. OS data were still immature; follow-up is ongoing. The safety profile was generally consistent across age groups. Elderly patients experience a decline in immune activity that might affect response to immunotherapy. We evaluated avelumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib by age group in patients with aRCC. Avelumab plus axitinib had favorable efficacy versus sunitinib across age groups, including patients aged ≥75 years. The safety profile was generally consistent among age groups treated with avelumab plus axitinib or sunitinib.
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Survie conditionnelle et suivi à 5 ans dans l’étude checkmate 214 : Nivolumab + Ipilimumab (N+I) versus Sunitinib (S) dans le traitement de première ligne du carcinome rénal avancé (ACCR). Prog Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2021.08.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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A phase 3, randomized, double-blind trial of nivolumab or nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus placebo in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy and are at high risk of relapse (CheckMate 914). EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)03167-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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663P First-line nivolumab + cabozantinib vs sunitinib in patients (pts) with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) in subgroups based on prior nephrectomy in the CheckMate 9ER trial. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Middle meningeal artery embolization for chronic subdural hematoma with cerebrospinal fluid hypovolemia: A report of 2 cases. Neurochirurgie 2021; 68:123-128. [PMID: 33667531 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) with cerebrospinal fluid hypovolemia syndrome (CHS) remains refractory to standard treatment with hematoma drainage by burr hole and irrigation and/or epidural blood patch. Previously, we reported the utility of middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization for intractable CSDH. In this study, we present the usefulness of MMA embolization as a treatment for CSDHs with CHSs. CASES We present two cases of CSDHs with CHSs occurring in patients, 1 treated with burr hole craniotomy and irrigation, and the other treated with the epidural blood patch. Both patients exhibited similar-appearing bilateral relatively-thin hematomas, hyperplasia, and enhanced contrast effects in the dura mater, and extradural hygroma in the cervical portion on enhanced magnetic resonance imaging scans. Also, to reviewing prior literature and imaging findings, they had already undergone conventional treatment. We added MMA embolization treatment and they followed a good course. RESULTS Despite the known intractable outcomes of patients with CSDHs with CHSs, MMA embolization worked well in the current case series. CONCLUSION MMA embolization might be considered as a preferred therapeutic option for CSDHs with CHSs in order to buy time before the epidural blood patch starts working.
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Sarcopenia-derived exosomal micro-RNA 16-5p exerts the cardio-repair disturbance via pro-apoptotic mechanism in myocardial infarction of mice. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is a pathophysiological malfunction induced by skeletal muscle atrophy, and several studies reported an association between sarcopenia-induced cardiac cachexia and poor prognosis in heart disease. Since only a few established animal models are recently available, the underlying mechanism of disturbed cardiac repair accompanied with sarcopenia remains poorly understood.
Purpose
We hypothesized that specific microRNAs in sarcopenia-derived exosomes play crucial roles in disturbed cardiac repair with sarcopenia, and these microRNAs directly exacerbate cardiomyocyte injury following cardiac ischemia and reperfusion.
Methods
We developed a novel sarcopenia-induced cardiac repair disturbance mouse model that is induced by tail suspension (TS) 7 days after a 45-min coronary occlusion of cardiac ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). The reduction of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after I/R was compared in mice with TS [I/R-TS(+), n=14] and without [I/R-TS(−), n=12] by echocardiography. To investigate the exosomal mechanism of cardiac repair disturbance, a comprehensive analysis of extracted exosomal microRNAs from mice serum was performed in the 2 groups at day 8. Then, we investigated the impact of the identified candidate microRNA in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRVMs). After 4 days in primary culture, candidate microRNA was transfected into NRVMs under hypoxic culture conditions. TUNEL analysis and quantitative PCR analysis of apoptosis-related genes were performed on the NRVMs.
Results
At day 8 after I/R, the LVEF of I/R-TS(+) was not significantly ameliorated compared to that of I/R-TS(−) (ΔLVEF; 1.59±6.92 vs. 8.04±7.71% p=0.034). Four candidate microRNAs obtained from I/R mice serum were identified in the microRNA array analysis. The re-analysis of these candidate micro-RNAs using all I/R mice demonstrated that the level of mir-16-5p in I/R-TS(+) was raised by approximately nine-fold than that in I/R-TS(−) (9.67±13.35 vs. 0.99±1.41, p<0.05). Next, an in vitro experimental model using a microRNA mimic revealed that apoptosis in NRVMs was greatly enhanced by the transfection of a mir-16-5p mimic in hypoxic culture conditions (mir-16-5p vs. control = 5.77±2.84 vs. 1.72±0.55%, p<0.01). Furthermore, by qRT-PCR analysis, the expression of CASP3 and TRP53 were upregulated in NRVMs treated with a mir-16-5p mimic than in control NRVMs.
Conclusion
Myocardial I/R injury in sarcopenia ended in cardiac repair disturbance accompanying with the enhanced expression of exosomal-mir-16-5p. A pro-apoptotic effect of mir-16-5p may exacerbate myocardial I/R injury and thus can be a novel therapeutic target for cardiac repair disturbance in sarcopenia.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
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200O Pembrolizumab plus axitinib (pembro + axi) vs sunitinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) outcomes of the KEYNOTE-426 study in patients from eastern Asia. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Nivolumab + ipilimumab (N + I) vs sunitinib (S) dans le traitement de première ligne du carcinome rénal avancé (aRCC) dans l’étude CheckMate 214 : suivi à 4 ans et analyse en sous-groupe des patients (pts) non néphrectomisés. Prog Urol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2020.07.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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696O_PR Nivolumab + cabozantinib vs sunitinib in first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma: First results from the randomized phase III CheckMate 9ER trial. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.2257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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729P Prognostic value of PD-L1 status in the primary lesion as a risk factor for developing metastatic disease in localized renal cell carcinoma: A subgroup analysis of the ARCHERY study. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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711P Nivolumab + ipilimumab (N+I) vs sunitinib (S) for first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) in CheckMate 214: 4-year follow-up and subgroup analysis of patients (pts) without nephrectomy. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Primary renal tumour shrinkage in patients (pts) who did not undergo upfront cytoreductive nephrectomy (uCN): Subgroup analysis from the phase III JAVELIN Renal 101 trial of first-line avelumab + axitinib (A + Ax) vs sunitinib (S) for advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz249.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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P4144Pericyte-specific deletion of ninjurin1 induces abnormal vasa vasorum formation and persistent inflammation and enhances intimal hyperplasia of injured vasculature. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Atherosclerosis is fundamental pathological condition inducing severe ischemic diseases such as ischemic heart disease and stroke. New concept has been proposed that adventitial abnormalities including enhanced malformation of adventitial microvessel, vasa vasorum are associated with development and vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaque. However, the role of vasa vasorum malformation in vascular remodelling has not been fully clarified. We recently reported that Ninjurin1 (Ninj1) is critical adhesion molecule to associate pericytes (PCs) with endothelial (EC) tubes to form stabilized mature neovessels. The purpose of this study is to examine if formation of adventitial microvessels affects the vascular remodelling of injured vessels using PCs-specific Ninj1 deletion mouse model.
Methods and results
Deletion of Ninj1 gene in NG2-positive PCs was induced by tamoxifen (Tam)-treated NG2-CreER/Ninj1loxp mice (Ninj1KO, n=9). Tam-treated-NG2-CreER (n=4) or Tam-nontreated NG2-CreER/Ninj1loxp (n=5) mice were used as Control (Ct1 and Ct2 respectively). Femoral arteries were injured by insertion of coiled wire. After 4 weeks of surgery, blood vessels were stained by venous injection of FITC-lectin. Isolated femoral arteries were fixed with paraformaldehyde and decolorized with CUBIC reagent. Wire-mediated vessel injury induced intimal hyperplasia, as assessed by intima/media (I/M) ratio and accordingly grew microvessels in adventitia. Intimal hyperplasia in Ninj1KO were significantly enhanced compared to Controls. Although there was no significant difference in total length of adventitial microvessels among three groups, extravasation of FITC-lectin from adventitial microvessels were significantly enhanced in Ninj1KO. The number of infiltrated macrophages in adventitia were increased in Ninj1KO.
Conclusion
Deletion of Ninj1 in PCs contributes to formation of immature microvessels in adventitia of injured vasculature and to adventitial microbleeding, and subsequently enhances intimal hyperplasia. Ninj1 is an attractive target to normalize microvessels for anti-atherosclerotic therapy.
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Randomized phase III trial of avelumab + axitinib vs sunitinib as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma: JAVELIN renal 101 Japanese subgroup analysis. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz249.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Beam Energy and Centrality Dependence of Direct-Photon Emission from Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:022301. [PMID: 31386493 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.022301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The PHENIX collaboration presents first measurements of low-momentum (0.4<p_{T}<3 GeV/c) direct-photon yields from Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=39 and 62.4 GeV. For both beam energies the direct-photon yields are substantially enhanced with respect to expectations from prompt processes, similar to the yields observed in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200. Analyzing the photon yield as a function of the experimental observable dN_{ch}/dη reveals that the low-momentum (>1 GeV/c) direct-photon yield dN_{γ}^{dir}/dη is a smooth function of dN_{ch}/dη and can be well described as proportional to (dN_{ch}/dη)^{α} with α≈1.25. This scaling behavior holds for a wide range of beam energies at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider, for centrality selected samples, as well as for different A+A collision systems. At a given beam energy, the scaling also holds for high p_{T} (>5 GeV/c), but when results from different collision energies are compared, an additional sqrt[s_{NN}]-dependent multiplicative factor is needed to describe the integrated-direct-photon yield.
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Sequential radiologic findings in osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis. Diagn Interv Imaging 2019; 100:529-531. [PMID: 31031202 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Low-Dose-Rate and High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer in ABO-Incompatible Renal Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2019; 51:774-778. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Holographic waveguides in photopolymers. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:827-840. [PMID: 30696163 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.000827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The possibilities that offer the holographic optical elements for photovoltaic and "see through display" applications open new windows for holographic recording materials. In this sense, some specific characteristics are required for each particular application. Waveguides are one of the key elements for these applications. Photopolymers are one of the most competitive candidates for waveguide fabrication. In this work, we evaluate the performance of one example from each of three families of photopolymer material in fabrication of a 633nm waveguide. Firstly, polyvinyl alcohol acrylamide, PVA/AA, the second one, a nanoparticle-thiol-ene, NPC, and on the last place a penta/hexa-acrylate based polymer with dispersed nematic liquid crystal molecules, PDLC. We study the critical role of the material and in particular, spatial resolution for this application.
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De novo sensitization to Aspergillus fumigatus in adult asthma over a 10-year observation period. Allergy 2018; 73:2385-2388. [PMID: 30030925 DOI: 10.1111/all.13566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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The impact of continuing ALK inhibitors beyond initial disease progression on clinical outcome in patients with advanced ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer: Results of a multicenter retrospective analysis. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy425.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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27
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Fibroblast Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 (FGFBP3) impacts carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15973. [PMID: 30374109 PMCID: PMC6206164 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34238-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted FGF binding proteins (FGFBP) mobilize locally-acting paracrine FGFs from their extracellular storage. Here, we report that FGFBP3 (BP3) modulates fat and glucose metabolism in mouse models of metabolic syndrome. BP3 knockout mice exhibited altered lipid metabolism pathways with reduced hepatic and serum triglycerides. In obese mice the expression of exogenous BP3 reduced hyperglycemia, hepatosteatosis and weight gain, blunted de novo lipogenesis in liver and adipose tissues, increased circulating adiponectin and decreased NEFA. The BP3 protein interacts with endocrine FGFs through its C-terminus and thus enhances their signaling. We propose that BP3 may constitute a new therapeutic to reverse the pathology associated with metabolic syndrome that includes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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9-ING-41, a clinically relevant inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), is active pre-clinically in human bladder and renal cell cancers. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy268.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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A phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of adjuvant nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients (pts) with localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who are at high risk of relapse after radical or partial nephrectomy (CheckMate 914). Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy283.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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30
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Patient and professional views of motivation for rehabilitation of subacute stroke. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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The first multi-centre point-prevalence survey in four Japanese university hospitals. J Hosp Infect 2018; 99:325-331. [PMID: 29549049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Japanese government adopted a national action plan on antimicrobial resistance, which aims to reduce drug-resistant pathogens and antimicrobial use. A point-prevalence survey (PPS) is a useful surveillance method to gain information about hospital epidemiology; however, no multi-centre PPS has previously been performed in Japan. AIM To investigate general information about hospital epidemiology, healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs), and antimicrobial use in multiple Japanese university hospitals. METHODS In July 2016, a multi-centre PPS was conducted using a standardized protocol at four university hospitals in Japan. FINDINGS A total of 3199 patients were included. Median age and duration of hospital stay were 64 years and 10 days, respectively. A total of 246 (7.7%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.8-8.7) patients had 256 active HCAIs, and 933 (29.2%; 95% CI: 27.6-30.8) patients received 1318 antimicrobials. Pneumonia and gastrointestinal system infection were the most common HCAIs (N = 42, 16.4%), and Enterobacteriaceae (N = 49, 30.8%) were the predominant causative organisms. Carbapenems (N = 52, 17.8%), anti-MRSA medications, and cephems with antipseudomonal activity were the most frequently prescribed antimicrobials for HCAIs. As surgical prophylaxis, 46 of 278 antimicrobials (16.5%) were administered orally. Proportions of HCAI and antimicrobial use in each hospital ranged from 4.8% to 9.5% and 19.3%-35.0%, respectively. CONCLUSION This multi-centre PPS recorded detailed HCAI data and distinct antimicrobial use in Japanese university hospitals. Further surveillance is necessary to reduce HCAIs and formulate feasible plans to achieve the national action plan on antimicrobial resistance.
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P940Retrieval of leadless pacemaker embolizes to the lungs. Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Experimental Simulation on Discrimination of Charged Particles in a Cusp Direct Energy Converter for D-3He Fusion. FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.13182/fst03-a11963622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Acute coronary syndrome as a possible immune-related adverse event in a lung cancer patient achieving a complete response to anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint antibody. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:2893-2895. [PMID: 28651328 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Fibroblast growth factor 13 regulates glioma cell invasion and is important for bevacizumab-induced glioma invasion. Oncogene 2017; 37:777-786. [PMID: 29059154 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma has the poorest prognosis, and is characterized by excessive invasion and angiogenesis. To determine the invasive mechanisms, we previously used two glioma cell lines (J3T-1 and J3T-2) with different invasive phenotypes. The J3T-1 showed abundant angiogenesis and tumor cell invasion around neovasculature, while J3T-2 showed diffuse cell infiltration into surrounding healthy parenchyma. Microarray analyses were used to identify invasion-related genes in J3T-2 cells, and the expressed genes and their intracellular and intratumoral distribution patterns were evaluated in J3T-2 cell lines, human glioma cell lines, human glioblastoma stem cells and human glioblastoma specimens. To determine the role of the invasion-related genes, invasive activities were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13) was overexpressed in J3T-2 cells compared to J3T-1 cells, and in human glioma cell lines, human glioblastoma stem cells and human glioblastoma specimens, when compared to that of normal human astrocytes. Immunohistochemical staining and the RNA-seq (sequencing) data from the IVY Glioblastoma Atlas Project showed FGF13 expression in glioma cells in the invasive edges of tumor specimens. Also, the intracellular distribution was mainly in the cytoplasm of tumor cells and colocalized with tubulin. Overexpression of FGF13 stabilized tubulin dynamics in vitro and knockdown of FGF13 decreased glioma invasion both in vitro and in vivo and prolonged overall survival of several xenograft models. FGF13 was negatively regulated by hypoxic condition. Silencing of FGF13 also decreased in vivo bevacizumab-induced glioma invasion. In conclusion, FGF13 regulated glioma cell invasion and bevacizumab-induced glioma invasion, and could be a novel target for glioma treatment.
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A Phase III, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study of adjuvant nivolumab vs placebo in patients (pts) with high-risk invasive urothelial carcinoma (UC; CheckMate 274). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx371.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Heating and Particle Build-Up of Field-Reversed Configuration due to Neutral Particle Injection in a Translation Process. FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst07-a1408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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A Particle-In-Cell approach to particle flux shaping with a surface mask. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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P903Post-ablation thromboembolisms in patients undergoing balloon-based ablation of atrial fibrillation and receiving direct oral anticoagulants: a comparison between cryoballoon and hotballoon ablation. Europace 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/eux151.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Abstract
The number of recipients waiting for a transplant is increasing. In Japan, there is more frequent use of organs from expanded-criteria donors (ECDs) after circulatory death. We retrospectively analyzed long-term outcomes of kidney transplantation (KT) from expanded-criteria donation after circulatory death (DCD). From 1995 to 2013, 97 cases of KT from DCD donors were performed in our department. Death-censored graft survival rates of ECD kidneys (n = 50) versus standard-criteria deceased-donor (SCD) kidneys (n = 47) for 1, 5, and 10 years after transplantation were 84.0% vs 97.9%, 74.8% vs 95.6%, and 70.2% vs 81.8%, respectively. No significant difference was found between the 2 groups (P = .102). Kidneys from donors with a history of hypertension (HTN) and cerebrovascular events (CVE) and contribution from older donors had significantly lower 10-year graft survival rates (P values of .010, .036, and .050, respectively). Cox proportional hazard regression analyses showed donor age to be significantly associated with long-term graft survival independently from other factors. These results suggest that ECD kidneys remain an acceptable alternative to dialysis under certain conditions. Increased donor age was a significant risk factor determining long-term graft function. Moreover, comorbidities of HTN and CVE could become significant risk factors, especially in older donors.
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Re-evaluating Cut-off Points for the Expansion of Deceased Donor Criteria for Kidney Transplantation in Japan. Transplant Proc 2017; 49:10-15. [PMID: 28104114 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A shortage of donors poses a serious problem for organ transplantation around the world. In response, the concept of the expanded criteria donor (ECD) has been defined to include donors with traditionally less favorable characteristics. That definition has now been accepted and is being applied in kidney transplantation in the United States and Europe. However, the ECD has not yet been defined for deceased donor kidney transplantation in Japan. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed data on graft survival and relevant risk factors in patients who received deceased donor kidney transplants through the East Japan Branch of the Japan Organ Transplant network (n = 1051). Recipients were divided into two groups: the standard-function group (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] ≥20 mL/min/1.73 m2; n = 906) and the poor-function group (eGFR <20 mL/min/1.73 m2; n = 145; Cox proportional hazards regression analysis; P < .0001). RESULTS The 10-year survival rate was significantly lower in the poor-function group than in the standard-function group (85.5% vs 22.5%; P < .0001). The two groups differed significantly in recipient and donor risk for graft failure. Recipient risk factors were length of time on dialysis before renal transplantation and incidence of acute rejection after transplantation. Donor risk factors were donor category (heart death), age, history of hypertension, presence of cerebrovascular disease, mean urine output, and donor creatinine level immediately before donor nephrectomy, total ischemic time, and warm ischemic time. CONCLUSION Data from deceased donor transplantation should be analyzed in depth to determine which factors influence renal function after transplantation. In addition, ECD standards should be reconsidered for use in a Japanese context.
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P09.24 The germline mutation PIK3R1Met326Ile correlates with the levels of cysteine<->rich protein 61 and poor prognosis of glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox036.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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P03.08 Pathological Analysis of Xenografts with Malignant Glioma After Anti-angiogenic Therapy. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox036.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Spatiotemporal treadmill gait measurements using a laser range scanner: feasibility study of the healthy young adults. Physiol Meas 2017; 38:N81-N92. [PMID: 28327472 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa63d1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spatio-temporal parameters are typically used for gait analysis. Although these parameters are measured by sophisticated systems such as 3D motion capture system or optoelectronic bars, these systems cannot be deployed easily because of their high costs, large space requirements and elaborate set-up. The purpose of this study is to develope a system for measuring spatiotemporal gait parameters using a laser range scanner during treadmill gait. APPROACH To calculate accurate spatiotemporal parameters, the differences between the laser range scanner measured values and the reference values obtained from a 3D motion capture system were investigated in thirty subjects. From measurements in time and position at foot contact/off, adjustments to compensate for the differences in time and position were derived. Then, to determine the validity of the proposed system, values from the proposed system and the reference system were compared in four additional subjects. MAIN RESULTS The results indicate that the data from the laser range scanner demonstrate certain differences in time and position compared with reference values. However, when compensation values were introduced, each spatiotemporal parameter correlated well with the reference values. SIGNIFICANCE This newer system is smaller, is easier to deploy and requires less training than the 3D motion capture system.
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Acquired Downregulation of Donor-Specific Antibody Production After ABO-Incompatible Kidney Transplantation. Am J Transplant 2017; 17:115-128. [PMID: 27343838 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of long-term B cell immunity against donor blood group antigens in recipients who undergo ABO-incompatible (ABOi) living-donor kidney transplantation (LKTx) is unknown. To address this question, we evaluated serial anti-A and anti-B antibody titers in 50 adult recipients. Donor-specific antibody titers remained low (≤1:4) in 42 recipients (84%). However, antibodies against nondonor blood group antigens were continuously produced in recipients with blood type O. We stimulated recipients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro to investigate whether B cells produced antibodies against donor blood group antigens in the absence of graft adsorption in vivo. Antibodies in cell culture supernatant were measured using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Thirty-five healthy volunteers and 57 recipients who underwent ABO-compatible LKTx served as controls. Antibody production in vitro against donor blood group antigens by cells from ABOi LKTx patients was lower than in the control groups. Immunoglobulin deposits were undetectable in biopsies of grafts of eight recipients with low antibody titers (≤1:4) after ABOi LKTx. One patient with blood type A1 who received a second ABOi LKTx from a type B donor did not produce B-specific antibodies. These findings suggest diminished donor-specific antibody production function in the setting of adult ABOi LKTx.
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High early growth response 1 (EGR1) expression correlates with resistance to anti-EGFR treatment in vitro and with poorer outcome in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with cetuximab. Clin Transl Oncol 2016; 19:718-726. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-016-1596-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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A multicentre, international, randomised, open-label phase 3 trial of avelumab + best supportive care (BSC) vs BSC alone as maintenance therapy after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced urothelial cancer (JAVELIN bladder 100). Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw373.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Long-term duration of axitinib treatment in advanced renal cell carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw373.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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49
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Even short-term smoking can cause lower lung function and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in young adult-onset patients with asthma. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Modulation of tumor eIF4E by antisense inhibition: A phase I/II translational clinical trial of ISIS 183750-an antisense oligonucleotide against eIF4E-in combination with irinotecan in solid tumors and irinotecan-refractory colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:1648-57. [PMID: 27194579 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is a potent oncogene that is found to be dysregulated in 30% of human cancer, including colorectal carcinogenesis (CRC). ISIS 183750 is a second-generation antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) designed to inhibit the production of the eIF4E protein. In preclinical studies we found that EIF4e ASOs reduced expression of EIF4e mRNA and inhibited proliferation of colorectal carcinoma cells. An additive antiproliferative effect was observed in combination with irinotecan. We then performed a clinical trial evaluating this combination in patients with refractory cancer. No dose-limiting toxicities were seen but based on pharmacokinetic data and tolerability the dose of irinotecan was reduced to 160 mg/m(2) biweekly. Efficacy was evaluated in 15 patients with irinotecan-refractory colorectal cancer. The median time of disease control was 22.1 weeks. After ISIS 183750 treatment, peripheral blood levels of eIF4E mRNA were decreased in 13 of 19 patients. Matched pre- and posttreatment tumor biopsies showed decreased eIF4E mRNA levels in five of nine patients. In tumor tissue, the intracellular and stromal presence of ISIS 183750 was detected by IHC in all biopsied patients. Although there were no objective responses stable disease was seen in seven of 15 (47%) patients who were progressing before study entry, six of whom were stable at the time of the week 16 CT scan. We were also able to confirm through mandatory pre- and posttherapy tumor biopsies penetration of the ASO into the site of metastasis.
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