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Huang XY, Jin ZK, Dou M, Zheng BX, Zhao XR, Feng Q, Feng YM, Duan XL, Tian PX, Xu CX. Sinomenine promotes differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into immature dendritic cells with high induction of immune tolerance. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:599-615. [PMID: 36157915 PMCID: PMC9453268 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i8.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immature dendritic cells (imDCs) play an important role in the induction of donor-specific transplant immunotolerance. However, these cells have limitations, such as rapid maturation and a short lifespan in vivo. In previous studies, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiated into imDCs, and sinomenine (SN) was used to inhibit the maturation of imDCs.
AIM To study the capacity of SN to maintain iPSC-derived imDCs (SN-iPSCs-imDCs) in an immature state and the mechanism by which SN-iPSCs-imDCs induce immunotolerance.
METHODS In this study, mouse iPSCs were induced to differentiate into imDCs in culture medium without or with SN (iPSCs-imDCs and SN-iPSCs-imDCs). The imDC-related surface markers, endocytotic capacity of fluorescein isothiocyanate-Dextran and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. The effects of iPSCs-imDCs and SN-iPSCs-imDCs on T-cell stimulatory function, and regulatory T (Treg) cell proliferative function in vitro were analyzed by mixed lymphocyte reaction. Cytokine expression was detected by ELISA. The apoptosis-related proteins of iPSCs-DCs and SN-iPSCs-DCs were analyzed by western blotting. The induced immunotolerance of SN-iPSCs-DCs was evaluated by treating recipient Balb/c skin graft mice. Statistical evaluation of graft survival was performed using Kaplan–Meier curves.
RESULTS Both iPSCs-imDCs and SN-iPSCs-imDCs were successfully obtained, and their biological characteristics and ability to induce immunotolerance were compared. SN-iPSCs-imDCs exhibited higher CD11c levels and lower CD80 and CD86 levels compared with iPSCs-imDCs. Reduced major histocompatibility complex II expression, worse T-cell stimulatory function, higher Treg cell proliferative function and stronger endocytotic capacity were observed with SN-iPSCs-imDCs (P < 0.05). The levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12, interferon-γ in SN-iPSCs-imDCs were lower than those in iPSCs-imDCs, whereas IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β levels were higher (P < 0.05). The apoptosis rate of these cells was significantly higher (P < 0.05), and the expression levels of cleaved caspase3, Bax and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase were higher after treatment with lipopolysaccharides, but Bcl-2 was reduced. In Balb/c mice recipients immunized with iPSCs-imDCs or SN-iPSCs-imDCs 7 d before skin grafting, the SN-iPSCs-imDCs group showed lower ability to inhibit donor-specific CD4+ T-cell proliferation (P < 0.05) and a higher capacity to induce CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cell proliferation in the spleen (P < 0.05). The survival span of C57bl/6 skin grafts was significantly prolonged in immunized Balb/c recipients with a donor-specific pattern.
CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that SN-iPSCs-imDCs have potential applications in vitro and in vivo for induction of immunotolerance following organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Huang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhan-Kui Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Meng Dou
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bing-Xuan Zheng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Zhao
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qing Feng
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yang-Meng Feng
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiang-Long Duan
- Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Pu-Xun Tian
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Cui-Xiang Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
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Jin ZK, Xu CX, Dong XH, Ling M, Chen M, Yi Z, Liu SZ, Wu XY, Sun ZM, Chang YH. Long-term outcomes of arthroscopic debridement of the knee in adults with Kashin-Beck disease: an 18-year follow-up. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211050781. [PMID: 34666530 PMCID: PMC8532225 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211050781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is an endemic degenerative joint disease with a high disability rate. We retrospectively evaluated the 18-year clinical follow-up outcomes of adult patients with KBD who underwent arthroscopic debridement for knee osteoarthritis. METHODS Thirty-one patients with KBD (31 knees) underwent arthroscopy for knee osteoarthritis. The visual analog scale (VAS) score, walking distance, knee mobility, and patients' self-evaluated improvement in clinical symptoms were retrospectively evaluated before and 18 years after the operation. RESULTS The patients' self-evaluated clinical symptoms showed considerable improvement at 2, 6, and 8 years after surgery but deteriorated at 10 and 18 years after surgery. Knee mobility was greater after than before arthroscopy but decreased from 6 to 18 years postoperatively. The VAS score for knee pain was high before the operation, decreased at 2 years postoperatively, increased at 6 years postoperatively, and was significantly lower at 18 years postoperatively than before surgery. The walking distance was significantly longer at 2, 6, and 8 years postoperatively than preoperatively. CONCLUSIONS Arthroscopic treatment may be an effective therapy for adult patients with KBD who develop knee osteoarthritis. In this study, arthroscopy had a long-term effect on patients with KBD who had Kellgren-Lawrence grade <IV osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Kui Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Cui-Xiang Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Xiang-Hui Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Ling
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi Yi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Shi-Zhang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Xue-Yuan Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng-Ming Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Yan-Hai Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, China
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Xu CX, Zhang YL, Huang XY, Han F, Jin ZK, Tian PX, Dou M. Prediction of acute renal allograft rejection by combined HLA-G 14-bp insertion/deletion genotype analysis and detection of kidney injury molecule-1 and osteopontin in the peripheral blood. Transpl Immunol 2021; 65:101371. [PMID: 33545333 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2021.101371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute renal rejection usually fails to be diagnosed before the increase in the serum creatinine levels, and the resultant damage to the renal tissues occur in varying degrees. We hypothesized that the combined detection of human leucocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) 14-bp insertion/deletion genotypes and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and osteopontin (OPN) levels in serum might facilitate the prediction of acute renal allograft rejections in kidney transplant recipients. METHODS HLA-G 14-bp insertion/deletion genotypes and the serum KIM-1 and OPN levels of 77 kidney transplant recipients were determined and compared before operation and on days 1, 4, and 7 after the operation (32 in acute rejection [AR] group and 45 in stable allograft function [STA] group). These 3 indicators were combined to establish a model for the early prediction of AR. RESULTS The KIM-1 levels in the serum of patients were significantly higher in the AR group than in the STA group. The area under the receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve (AUC) of KIM-1 for the prediction of rejection was maximized on the1st day after operation, with a sensitivity of 84.4% and a specificity of 86.7%. The OPN levels in the serum of patients were significantly higher in the AR group than in the STA group only before operation and on the 7th day after operation. The AUC of OPN for the prediction of rejection was maximized on 7th day after operation, with a sensitivity of 68.8% and a specificity of 88.9%. The HLA-G + 14-bp allele frequency was also significantly higher in the AR group than in the STA group. The results of these three indicators were converted into a qualitative method. If any two of the three indicators show as positive, it was diagnosed as acute rejection, and it has the highest ability to predict acute rejection with a sensitivity and specificity of 84.38% and 91.11%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The HLA-G 14-bp insertion/deletion genotype and KIM-1 and OPN levels in the patients' serum were significantly different between the AR and STA groups. The power of predicting acute renal allograft rejection could be improved by combined these three biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Xiang Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Lian Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yan Huang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Kui Jin
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pu-Xun Tian
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meng Dou
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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Xu CX, Shi BY, Jin ZK, Hao JJ, Duan WL, Han F, Zhao YL, Ding CG, Xue WJ, Ding XM, Zheng J, Tian PX. Multiple-biomarkers provide powerful prediction of early acute renal allograft rejection by combination of serum fractalkine, IFN-γ and IP-10. Transpl Immunol 2018; 50:68-74. [PMID: 30081186 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers are urgently required for predicting rejection so that anti-rejection treatment can be taken early to protect the allograft from irreversible damage. We hypothesized that the combination of circulating fractalkine, IFN-γ and IP-10 might serve as effective biomarkers for predicting early acute renal allograft rejection. We conducted a retrospective study of 87 subjects, who were classified into acute rejection group (ARG; n = 38) and non-rejection group (NRG; n = 49). Serum fractalkine, IFN-γ and IP-10 levels were measured by Luminex. The levels of fractalkine on day 0 and 7th day, IP-10 on 4th and 7th day, and IFN-γ on 7th day in ARG was significantly higher than that in NRG. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis highlighted the higher-levels groups of fractalkine on day 0, 4th and 7th day, IFN-γ on day 0, 1st, 4th, and 7th day and IP-10 on the 4th and 7th day in rejection-free survival probability were significantly lower than low-levels groups. ROC analyses highlight the superiority of fractalkine on day 0, IP-10 on day 0, 4th and 7th day, and IFN-γ on day 0, 1st and 7th day in prediction of acute rejection. We found the combination of fractalkine on day 0, IP-10 on 7th day and IFN-γ on 7th day had the highest AUC (0.866) for predicting rejection with a sensitivity of 86.8% and a specificity of 89.8%. Our findings demonstrated a more powerful prediction of early acute renal allograft rejection during the first month after transplantation by combination of multiple-biomarkers of fractalkine, IFN-γ and IP-10, and the results might help stratify the immunologic risk of acute allograft rejection in recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Xiang Xu
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Center of Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin-Ya Shi
- Department of Primary Medical Service, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Kui Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Jun Hao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-Li Duan
- Department of Urology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yan-Long Zhao
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Cheng-Guang Ding
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wu-Jun Xue
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Ding
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Pu-Xun Tian
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Wu HC, Hu QL, Zhang SJ, Wang YM, Jin ZK, Lv LF, Zhang S, Liu ZL, Wu HL, Cheng OM. Neuroprotective effects of genistein on SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing A53T mutant α-synuclein. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:1375-1383. [PMID: 30106049 PMCID: PMC6108222 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.235250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genistein, a potent antioxidant compound, protects dopaminergic neurons in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. However, the mechanism underlying this action remains unknown. This study investigated human SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing the A53T mutant of α-synuclein. Four groups of cells were assayed: a control group (without any treatment), a genistein group (incubated with 20 μM genistein), a rotenone group (treated with 50 μM rotenone), and a rotenone + genistein group (incubated with 20 μM genistein and then treated with 50 μM rotenone). A lactate dehydrogenase release test confirmed the protective effect of genistein, and genistein remarkably reversed mitochondrial oxidative injury caused by rotenone. Western blot assays showed that BCL-2 and Beclin 1 levels were markedly higher in the genistein group than in the rotenone group. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling revealed that genistein inhibited rotenone-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. Compared with the control group, the expression of NFE2L2 and HMOX1 was significantly increased in the genistein + rotenone group. However, after treatment with estrogen receptor and NFE2L2 channel blockers (ICI-182780 and ML385, respectively), genistein could not elevate NFE2L2 and HMOX1 expression. ICI-182780 effectively prevented genistein-mediated phosphorylation of NFE2L2 and remarkably suppressed phosphorylation of AKT, a protein downstream of the estrogen receptor. These findings confirm that genistein has neuroprotective effects in a cell model of Parkinson's disease. Genistein can reduce oxidative stress damage and cell apoptosis by activating estrogen receptors and NFE2L2 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Cheng Wu
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Ling-Fu Lv
- Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery of Affiliated Hospital, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen-Lin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery of Affiliated Hospital, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Lian Wu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ou-Mei Cheng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Jin ZK, Yang Y, Xu CX, Yang B, Lammi MJ, Chang YH, Ling M, Guo X, Wang XQ. Outcomes of total knee arthroplasty in the adult Kashin-Beck disease with severe osteoarthritis. Int Orthop 2018; 43:323-331. [PMID: 29971707 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-018-4029-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is an endemic osteoarthropathy, and the severe knee pain and functional limitations were seriously affecting the quality of life in patients with end-stage KBD. We retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes and the quality of life in KBD patients with total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS A total of 22 subjects (25 knees) suffered KBD with severe knee pain and underwent primary TKA. Knee pain was measured by visual analogue scale (VAS), and the knee function was evaluated by Knee Society Clinical Rating System Score (KSS). KBD Quality of Life (KBDQOL) was used to evaluate the quality of life in KBD patients before and after TKA. RESULTS There were no major complications after TKA. The levels of VAS score were obviously deceased in post-operation than that in pre-operation. The levels of KSS score were increased in one year after TKA compared with the pre-operative values, and it maintained a higher level on three years after TKA. The average KBDQOL score level of each domain in pre-operation and one and three years after TKA was increased accordingly. The average scores of physical function, activity limitation, support of society, mental health, and general health in one year after TKA were significantly higher than those in pre-operation. CONCLUSIONS TKA can reduce knee pain, improve knee function, and improve the quality life in KBD patients. KBDQOL questionnaire may be a promising instrument for assessing the quality life in KBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Kui Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Cui-Xiang Xu
- Center of Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Mikko J Lammi
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yan-Hai Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Ming Ling
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Xiong Guo
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University), Xi'an, 710068, China. .,Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
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Yang JC, Wang QS, Dang QL, Sun Y, Xu CX, Jin ZK, Ma T, Liu J. Investigation of the status quo of massive blood transfusion in China and a synopsis of the proposed guidelines for massive blood transfusion. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7690. [PMID: 28767599 PMCID: PMC5626153 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to provide an overview of massive transfusion in Chinese hospitals, identify the important indications for massive transfusion and corrective therapies based on clinical evidence and supporting experimental studies, and propose guidelines for the management of massive transfusion. This multiregion, multicenter retrospective study involved a Massive Blood Transfusion Coordination Group composed of 50 clinical experts specializing in blood transfusion, cardiac surgery, anesthesiology, obstetrics, general surgery, and medical statistics from 20 tertiary general hospitals across 5 regions in China. Data were collected for all patients who received ≥10 U red blood cell transfusion within 24 hours in the participating hospitals from January 1 2009 to December 31 2010, including patient demographics, pre-, peri-, and post-operative clinical characteristics, laboratory test results before, during, and after transfusion, and patient mortality at post-transfusion and discharge. We also designed an in vitro hemodilution model to investigate the changes of blood coagulation indices during massive transfusion and the correction of coagulopathy through supplement blood components under different hemodilutions. The experimental data in combination with the clinical evidence were used to determine the optimal proportion and timing for blood component supplementation during massive transfusion. Based on the findings from the present study, together with an extensive review of domestic and international transfusion-related literature and consensus feedback from the 50 experts, we drafted the guidelines on massive blood transfusion that will help Chinese hospitals to develop standardized protocols for massive blood transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Cun Yang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi’an
| | - Qiu-Shi Wang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang
| | - Qian-Li Dang
- Department of Dermatology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi’an
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi’an
| | - Cui-Xiang Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratory
| | - Zhan-Kui Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Ting Ma
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi’an
| | - Jing Liu
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Dang QL, Li JG, Sun Y, Jin ZK, Gao Y, Xu CX, Chen P, Ma T, Yang JC. Changes in platelet function following cold storage of RBC suspensions. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:18066-18073. [PMID: 26770402 PMCID: PMC4694302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide a basis for the cold-storage of human platelets as a way to assess changes in platelet function. METHODS Red blood cell suspensions (11 U and 50 U) were randomly selected at different storage times (3-28 days) and evidence of platelet activation (CD62P) and thromboelastography (TEG) reaction times were investigated. RESULTS After 21 days of storage at 4°C, a large number of activated platelets (PAC1+62P+, PAC1-62P+) within the red blood cell suspension (RBCs) retained their function and had TEG-maximum amplitude (TEG-MA) indices in the normal range. CONCLUSION We report that platelets in RBC suspensions retain high activity when stored at 4°C for 21 days. The results provide important information for studies that involve storing platelets under cold conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Li Dang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710068, China
| | - Jian-Gang Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Xi’an No. 4 HospitalXi’an 710004, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710068, China
| | - Zhan-Kui Jin
- The Second Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710068, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710068, China
| | - Cui-Xiang Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710068, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710068, China
| | - Ting Ma
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710068, China
| | - Jiang-Cun Yang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710068, China
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Sun Y, Jin ZK, Xu CX, Dang QL, Zhang LJ, Chen HN, Song YJ, Yang JC. Investigation of the current situation of massive blood transfusion in different surgical departments: a large multicenter study in China. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:9257-9265. [PMID: 26309583 PMCID: PMC4538122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to learn about the current situation of surgical massive blood transfusion of different surgical departments in China's Tertiary hospitals, which could provide the basis for the formulation of guidelines on massive blood transfusion. METHOD A multicenter retrospective research on the application status of blood constituents during massive blood transfusion was conducted and a comparative analyses of survival and length of hospitalization in patients from different departments (trauma, cardiac surgery, obstetric conditions, or other common surgeries), were performed. RESULT In China, during massive blood transfusion the ratio of the dosage of fresh frozen plasma to the dosage of red blood cell suspension reached 1:1-2, while the dosage of platelet and cryoprecipitate appeared to be very small. The risk of in-hospital death were associated with the primary disease in patients receiving massive blood transfusion (Log-Rank P = 0.000), cardiac surgery and trauma patients who received massive blood transfusion have a higher risk of death rate. CONCLUSIONS Patients undergoing massive blood transfusion among different surgical departments have a certain difference in use of blood transfusion, mortality rate and the time of death. Our findings suggested that we should set up an independent transfusion program in cardiac surgery and trauma patients of massive blood transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Zhan-Kui Jin
- The Second Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Cui-Xiang Xu
- Department of Shaanxi Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Qian-Li Dang
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Li-Jie Zhang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Hong-Nan Chen
- Department of Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Yao-Jun Song
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Jiang-Cun Yang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
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Jin ZK, Sun Y, Dang QL, Zhang LJ, Li L, Xu YG, Chen HN, Xu CX, Song YJ, Yang JC. The plasma and platelet are important in reducing the mortality in surgical massive blood transfusion: a large multicenter study in China. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:1073-1079. [PMID: 25785095 PMCID: PMC4358550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to learn the current situation of surgical massive transfusion of death and survival groups in China, which could provide the basis for the formulation of guidelines on massive transfusion. METHODS A multicenter retrospective research for the application status of blood constituents during massive blood transfusion was conducted, the differences of fresh frozen plasma and platelet application between death group and survival group were compared, and the transfusion volume and the distribution of other blood constituents were analyses at different periods of time when red blood cells are infused between death group and survival group. RESULTS The patients with fresh frozen plasma compare the patients with red blood cell was 1:1-2 during massive transfusion, while the dosage of platelet and cryocepitate were transfused very small. Results showed that the average amount of platelet and plasma in death group was significantly lower than those in survival group. CONCLUSION During massive transfusion, clinicians in 20 Chinese hospitals paid more attention to the infusion of fresh frozen plasma while making the infusion of red blood cells. However, they paid little attention to the supplement of platelet and cryocepitate. The average quantity of plasma and platelet in survival group were also higher than those in death group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Kui Jin
- The Second Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Qian-Li Dang
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Li-Jie Zhang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Yong-Gang Xu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Hong-Nan Chen
- Department of Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Cui-Xiang Xu
- Department of Shaanxi Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Yao-Jun Song
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Jiang-Cun Yang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, China
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Wang XZ, Jin ZK, Tian XH, Xue WJ, Tian PX, Ding XM, Zheng J, Li Y, Jing X, Luo ZZ. Increased intracellular adenosine triphosphate level as an index to predict acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients. Transpl Immunol 2013; 30:18-23. [PMID: 24211610 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral blood CD4+ T cell adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release has been reported to be an adjunct tool to evaluate global cellular immune response in solid-organ transplant recipients. However, the correlation between the ATP level and rejection was controversial. The aim of this prospective clinical study was to explore the association between the intracellular ATP level and the occurrence, progression, and treatment of acute rejection (AR) episodes, determine the predicting value of intracellular ATP level for AR in kidney transplant (KT) recipients. PATIENTS AND METHODS In the period of October 2011 to October 2012, 140 KT recipients were recruited and followed for six months after transplantation. Patients were categorized into stable group and AR group according to their clinical course. Whole blood samples were collected pretransplantation, and at 7, 14, 21, and 28days, and at 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6months post-transplantation. Additional blood samples were obtained from AR patients on the day AR occurred, on the day before and 3 and 7days after intravenous anti-rejection therapy started, and on the day when AR reversed. The intracellular ATP in CD4+ T cells was detected by ImmuKnow Immune Cell Function Assay according to the manufacturer's instruction. The absolute number of CD4+ T cells and the trough levels of tacrolimus and cyclosporine were also measured. RESULTS The ATP level detected on the day AR occurred (627.07±149.85ng/ml) was obviously higher than that of the stable group (320.48±149.11ng/ml, P<0.05). ATP value decreased to 265.35±84.33ng/m at the end of anti-rejection therapy, which was obviously lower than that measured on the day before the anti-rejection therapy started (665.87±162.85ng/ml, P<0.05). ROC analysis revealed that increased intracellular adenosine triphosphate level showed better sensitivity and specificity than those obtained using single time point detection (89.5% vs 85.0%;95.0% vs 88.9%). The best cutoff value was 172.55ng/ml. A positive correlation between the intracellular ATP level and absolute CD4+ T cell number (r=0.656, P<0.001) was found in the patients with CD4+ T cell counts <200/μl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Zhen Wang
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhan-Kui Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University), Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Tian
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wu-Jun Xue
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Pu-Xun Tian
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Ding
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Jing
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zi-Zhen Luo
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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12
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Jin ZK, Tian PX, Wang XZ, Xue WJ, Ding XM, Zheng J, Ding CG, Mao TC, Duan WL, Xi M. Kidney injury molecule-1 and osteopontin: New markers for prediction of early kidney transplant rejection. Mol Immunol 2013; 54:457-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 01/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Zhao DF, Chen DZ, Lv JS, Lang R, Jin ZK, Qing H. Establishment of an animal model of biliary ischemic stenosis with clamping in mice. Transplant Proc 2008; 40:1303-5. [PMID: 18589092 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2007] [Accepted: 01/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to explore a method to establish biliary ischemic stenosis in mice. METHODS After the optimal time of biliary ischemia was determined, 20 Kunming mice were equally divided into 2 groups. In the experimental group a 0.4-cm length of common bile duct was clamped for 90 minutes with 2 micro-vessel clamps (width = 0.1 cm). The common bile duct was not clamped in the control group. Twenty-one days later, biliary tract visualization was performed in all mice. Blood samples were collected from the inferior vena cava to determine the serum levels of total bilirubin (TBIL) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Meanwhile, samples of the common bile duct and liver tissue were extracted for microscopic examination to observe morphological changes. RESULTS In the experimental group, obvious dilatation of the common bile duct appeared over the clamp site. There was no dilatation of the common bile duct in the control group. Twenty-one days later, serum levels of TBIL and ALT were significantly higher among the experimental compared with the control group. Microscopic examination showed that the part of common bile duct at the clamp site was significantly expanded, with a smaller or occluded bile duct lumen necrotic mucosa with determination, and tubular wall with fibrosis and excrustation. A few dead liver cells and many inflammatory cells were observed in liver tissue samples. CONCLUSIONS A biliary ischemic stenosis model was established using a clamping method in mice, which may provide a reliable technique for basic and clinical research into mechanisms of biliary ischemic stenosis after liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chaoyang Hospital Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Yang YJ, Chen DZ, Li LX, Kou JT, Lang R, Jin ZK, Han DD, He Q. Sirolimus-based immunosuppressive therapy in liver transplant recipient with tacrolimus-related chronic renal insufficiency. Transplant Proc 2008; 40:1541-4. [PMID: 18589147 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2007] [Revised: 11/11/2007] [Accepted: 01/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While providing potent immunosuppression for liver transplant recipients, calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) exhibit nephrotoxicity as a major side effect. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of conversion from CNI to sirolimus (SRL) among liver transplant recipients with CNI-induced chronic nephrotoxicity. METHODS Between January 2004 and June 2005, we performed conversion in 16 recipients after a median period of 8.5 months after liver transplantation. The indication for conversion was CNI-related nephrotoxicity with a serum creatinine (sCr) value >132.6 umol/L. Renal function was measured before and after conversion to SRL. Clinical and laboratory data related to the clinical course of the patients were recorded to investigate the safety and efficacy of conversion. RESULTS Sixteen patients were converted to SRL after developing nephrotoxicity. Their renal function improved gradually after conversion. The levels of sCr decreased significantly within the first 30 days (164.1 +/- 12.48 micromol/L to 130.1 +/- 5.573 micromol/L), and over the next 60 days after conversion (97.86 +/- 11.69 micromol/L to 90.7 +/- 8.95 micromol/L) (P < .01). Similarly, the mean glomerular filtration rate (GFR) increased significantly during the same period. Four recipients experienced hypercholesterolemia, 1 with ankle edema, and 1 with acute rejection. The median follow-up was 2.4 years. No patient discontinued SRL due to side effects. No patient needed dialysis or kidney transplantation during the study period. CONCLUSIONS SRL is a safe, effective replacement agent as primary immunosuppressive therapy following withdrawal of CNIs in liver transplant recipients with CNI-induced chronic nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Yang
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital University of Medical Science/Beijing Organ Transplantation Center, Beijing, China
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Chiao
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Academia Sinica, Shanghai, China
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16
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Jin ZK. [Effects of gentamycin on the fetal kidneys]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 1992; 27:157-8, 189. [PMID: 1395901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Gentamycin was given in 24 women during termination of mid-trimester pregnancy. The concentration of gentamycin in the blood of pregnant women, umbilical cords and in tissue of placenta, fetal kidneys were determined by fluorescence polarization immunoassays, and the morphological changes of fetal kidneys were investigated as well. The results indicated that the concentration of gentamycin in circulation of pregnant women was not significantly different from that of the umbilical cords (P greater than 0.05), but in tissue of fetal kidneys gentamycin concentration was remarkably higher than that in placenta (P less than 0.05). The following pathological findings of fetal kidneys were seen: marked congestion in glomeruli, cloudy swelling in the proximal tubules, reduced cilial cells and granular degeneration in epithelium. All these have shown that the placenta did not act as a barrier on gentamycin. It should be noted that while gentamycin in therapeutic dosage was given to pregnant women, it would be accumulated in fetal kidneys and caused damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z K Jin
- Nanfang Hospital, First Military Medical University, Quangzhou
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Jiao RS, Liu CJ, Jin ZK, Zhang XC, Ni LY, Lu ZM. The route of incorporation of nitrogen atom into rifamycin during its biosynthesis. Sci Sin B 1984; 27:380-90. [PMID: 6147017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, it was first shown that under various conditions of nitrogen supply the rifamycin yield was positively correlated with the mycelial specific activity of glutamine synthetase (GS), then the enhancing effect of glutamine, the product of GS, on rifamycin biosynthesis was demonstrated with resting cell system. The stimulatory effect of glutamine was more pronounced than that of glutamate, and not reduced by a GS specific inhibitor, DON. However, the increase in yield brought about by glutamate, and by asparagine was strongly inhibited by this inhibitor. Glutamine-CO15NH2 amd glutamate-alpha-15NH2 were synthesized and compared for the incorporation of 15N into rifamycin. It was found that the amide nitrogen was incorporated to a much greater extent than the alpha-amino nitrogen, showing that glutamine was a direct precursor of the nitrogen atom in rifamycin. In addition, synthesis of A-32 (C7N), an intermediate secreted by an inactive mutant rif 1, was also greatly stimulated by glutamine, and the synthetic C7N was found to be able to stimulate the biosynthesis of rifamycin. Based upon the above results, the route of incorporation of nitrogen atom into rifamycin is summarized as follows: (Formula: see text).
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