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Mo ZZ, Lin ZX, Su ZR, Zheng L, Li HL, Xie JH, Xian YF, Yi TG, Huang SQ, Chen JP. Angelica sinensis Supercritical Fluid CO 2 Extract Attenuates D-Galactose-Induced Liver and Kidney Impairment in Mice by Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. J Med Food 2018; 21:887-898. [PMID: 30109956 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.4061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Angelica sinensis (AS, Danggui in Chinese) is an important herbal component of various traditional formulae for the management of asthenia and its tonic effects. Although AS has been shown to ameliorate cognitive damage and nerve toxicity in D-galactose (D-gal)-elicited senescent mice brain, its effects on liver and kidney injury have not yet been explored. In this work, mice were subjected to hypodermic injection with D-gal (200 mg/kg) and orally gavaged with AS (20, 40, or 80 mg/kg) once a day for 8 successive weeks. Results revealed that AS significantly improved liver and kidney function as assessed by organ index and functional parameters. In addition, AS pretreatment effectively ameliorated the histological deterioration. AS attenuated the MDA level and markedly enhanced the activities and gene expressions of antioxidative enzymes, namely Cu, Zn-SOD, CAT, and GPx. Furthermore, AS markedly inhibited the D-gal-mediated increment of expressions of inflammatory cytokines iNOS, COX-2, IκBα, p-IκBα, and p65 and promoted the IκBα expression level in both hepatic and renal tissues. In sum, AS pretreatment could effectively guard the liver and kidney of mice from D-gal-induced injury, and the underlying mechanism was deemed to be intimately related to attenuating oxidative response and inflammatory stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Zhun Mo
- 1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, China .,2 School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhi-Xiu Lin
- 2 School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- 1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, China .,3 Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Dongguan, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- 4 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui-Lin Li
- 4 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian-Hui Xie
- 5 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Fang Xian
- 2 School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tie-Gang Yi
- 4 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Shenzhen, China
| | - Shui-Qing Huang
- 6 School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- 4 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Shenzhen, China
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Xu LQ, Xie YL, Gui SH, Zhang X, Mo ZZ, Sun CY, Li CL, Luo DD, Zhang ZB, Su ZR, Xie JH. Polydatin attenuates d-galactose-induced liver and brain damage through its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in mice. Food Funct 2018; 7:4545-4555. [PMID: 27714005 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01057a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that chronic injection of d-galactose (d-gal) can mimic natural aging, with accompanying liver and brain injury. Oxidative stress and apoptosis play a vital role in the aging process. In this study, the antioxidant ability of polydatin (PD) was investigated using four established in vitro systems. An in vivo study was also conducted to investigate the possible protective effect of PD on d-gal-induced liver and brain damage. The results showed that PD had remarkable in vitro free radical scavenging activity on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH˙), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+˙) radical ions, and hydroxyl and superoxide anions. Results in vivo indicated that, in a group treated with d-gal plus PD, PD remarkably decreased the depression of body weight and organ indexes, reduced the levels of the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alleviated alterations in liver and brain histopathology. PD also significantly decreased the level of MDA and elevated SOD, GSH-Px, CAT activity and T-AOC levels in the liver and brain. In addition, the levels of inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in serum were markedly reduced after PD treatment. Western blotting results revealed that PD treatment noticeably attenuated the d-gal-induced elevation of Bcl-2/Bax ratio and caspase-3 protein expression in liver and brain. Overall, our findings indicate that PD treatment could effectively attenuate d-gal-induced liver and brain damage, and the mechanism might be associated with decreasing the oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis caused by d-gal. PD holds good potential for further development into a promising pharmaceutical candidate for the treatment of age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lie-Qiang Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinal Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China.
| | - You-Liang Xie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinal Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China.
| | - Shu-Hua Gui
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinal Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China.
| | - Xie Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinal Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China.
| | - Zhi-Zhun Mo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinal Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China.
| | - Chao-Yue Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, P.R. China.
| | - Cai-Lan Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinal Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China.
| | - Dan-Dan Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinal Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China.
| | - Zhen-Biao Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinal Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China.
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinal Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China.
| | - Jian-Hui Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, P.R. China.
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Mo ZZ, Liu YH, Li CL, Xu LQ, Wen LL, Xian YF, Lin ZX, Zhan JYX, Chen JN, Xu FF, Su ZR. Protective Effect of SFE-CO2 of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort Against d-Galactose-Induced Injury in the Mouse Liver and Kidney. Rejuvenation Res 2017; 20:231-243. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2016.1870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Zhun Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu-Hong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Cai-Lan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lie-Qiang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Ling Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Fang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhi-Xiu Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Janis Ya-Xian Zhan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Nan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Fang Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, P.R. China
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Zhou JT, Li CL, Tan LH, Xu YF, Liu YH, Mo ZZ, Dou YX, Su R, Su ZR, Huang P, Xie JH. Inhibition of Helicobacter pylori and Its Associated Urease by Palmatine: Investigation on the Potential Mechanism. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0168944. [PMID: 28045966 PMCID: PMC5207512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we evaluated the anti-Helicobacter pylori activity and the possible inhibitory effect on its associated urease by Palmatine (Pal) from Coptis chinensis, and explored the potential underlying mechanism. Results indicated that Pal exerted inhibitory effect on four tested H. pylori strains (ATCC 43504, NCTC 26695, SS1 and ICDC 111001) by the agar dilution test with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 100 to 200 μg/mL under neutral environment (pH 7.4), and from 75 to 100 μg/mL under acidic conditions (pH 5.3), respectively. Pal was observed to significantly inhibit both H. pylori urease (HPU) and jack bean urease (JBU) in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 values of 0.53 ± 0.01 mM and 0.03 ± 0.00 mM, respectively, as compared with acetohydroxamic acid, a well-known urease inhibitor (0.07 ± 0.01 mM for HPU and 0.02 ± 0.00 mM for JBU, respectively). Kinetic analyses showed that the type of urease inhibition by Pal was noncompetitive for both HPU and JBU. Higher effectiveness of thiol protectors against urease inhibition than the competitive Ni2+ binding inhibitors was observed, indicating the essential role of the active-site sulfhydryl group in the urease inhibition by Pal. DTT reactivation assay indicated that the inhibition on the two ureases was reversible, further supporting that sulfhydryl group should be obligatory for urease inhibition by Pal. Furthermore, molecular docking study indicated that Pal interacted with the important sulfhydryl groups and inhibited the active enzymatic conformation through N-H ∙ π interaction, but did not interact with the active site Ni2+. Taken together, Pal was an effective inhibitor of H. pylori and its urease targeting the sulfhydryl groups, representing a promising candidate as novel urease inhibitor. This investigation also gave additional scientific support to the use of C. chinensis to treat H. pylori-related gastrointestinal diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. Pal might be a potentially beneficial therapy for gastritis and peptic ulcers induced by H. pylori infection and other urease-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Tao Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Cai-Lan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Li-Hua Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yi-Fei Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu-Hong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhi-Zhun Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yao-Xing Dou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Rui Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ping Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jian-Hui Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
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Mo ZZ, Wang XF, Zhang X, Su JY, Chen HM, Liu YH, Zhang ZB, Xie JH, Su ZR. Andrographolide sodium bisulphite-induced inactivation of urease: inhibitory potency, kinetics and mechanism. BMC Complement Altern Med 2015; 15:238. [PMID: 26179287 PMCID: PMC4504079 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0775-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inhibitory effect of andrographolide sodium bisulphite (ASB) on jack bean urease (JBU) and Helicobacter pylori urease (HPU) was performed to elucidate the inhibitory potency, kinetics and mechanism of inhibition in 20 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, 2 mM EDTA, 25 °C. METHODS The ammonia formations, indicator of urease activity, were examined using modified spectrophotometric Berthelot (phenol-hypochlorite) method. The inhibitory effect of ASB was characterized with IC50 values. Lineweaver-Burk and Dixon plots for JBU inhibition of ASB was constructed from the kinetic data. SH-blocking reagents and competitive active site Ni2+ binding inhibitors were employed for mechanism study. Molecular docking technique was used to provide some information on binding conformations as well as confirm the inhibition mode. RESULTS The IC50 of ASB against JBU and HPU was 3.28±0.13 mM and 3.17±0.34 mM, respectively. The inhibition proved to be competitive and concentration- dependent in a slow-binding progress. The rapid formation of initial ASB-JBU complex with an inhibition constant of Ki=2.86×10(-3) mM was followed by a slow isomerization into the final complex with an overall inhibition constant of Ki*=1.33×10(-4) mM. The protective experiment proved that the urease active site is involved in the binding of ASB. Thiol reagents (L-cysteine and dithiothreithol) strongly protect the enzyme from the loss of enzymatic activity, while boric acid and fluoride show weaker protection, indicating that the active-site sulfhydryl group of JBU was potentially involved in the blocking process. Moreover, inhibition of ASB proved to be reversible since ASB-inactivated JBU could be reactivated by dithiothreitol application. Molecular docking assay suggested that ASB made contacts with the important sulfhydryl group Cys-592 residue and restricted the mobility of the active-site flap. CONCLUSIONS ASB was a competitive inhibitor targeting thiol groups of urease in a slow-binding manner both reversibly and concentration-dependently, serving as a promising urease inhibitor for the treatment of urease-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Zhun Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Xiu-Fen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Xie Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Ji-Yan Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Hai-Ming Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Hong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen-Biao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Jian-Hui Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, P. R. China.
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
- Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523000, P. R. China.
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Yu XD, Zheng RB, Xie JH, Su JY, Huang XQ, Wang YH, Zheng YF, Mo ZZ, Wu XL, Wu DW, Liang YE, Zeng HF, Su ZR, Huang P. Biological evaluation and molecular docking of baicalin and scutellarin as Helicobacter pylori urease inhibitors. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 162:69-78. [PMID: 25557028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Baicalin and scutellarin are the principal bioactive components of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi which has extensively been incorporated into heat-clearing and detoxification formulas for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori-related gastrointestinal disorders in traditional Chinese medicine. However, the mechanism of action remained to be defined. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the inhibitory effect, kinetics and mechanism of Helicobacter pylori urease (the vital pathogenetic factor for Helicobacter pylori infection) inhibition by baicalin and scutellarin, for their therapeutic potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ammonia formations, indicator of urease activity, were examined using modified spectrophotometric Berthelot (phenol-hypochlorite) method. The inhibitory effect of baicalin and scutellarin was characterized with IC50 values, compared to acetohydroxamic acid (AHA), a well known Helicobacter pylori urease inhibitor. Lineweaver-Burk and Dixon plots for the Helicobacter pylori urease inhibition of baicalin and scutellarin was constructed from the kinetic data. SH-blocking reagents and competitive active site Ni(2+) binding inhibitors were employed for mechanism study. Molecular docking technique was used to provide some information on binding conformations as well as confirm the inhibition mode. Moreover, cytotoxicity experiment using Gastric Epithelial Cells (GES-1) was evaluated. RESULTS Baicalin and scutellarin effectively suppressed Helicobacter pylori urease in dose-dependent and time-independent manner with IC50 of 0.82±0.07 mM and 0.47±0.04 mM, respectively, compared to AHA (IC50=0.14±0.05 mM). Structure-activity relationship disclosed 4'-hydroxyl gave flavones an advantage to binding with Helicobacter pylori urease. Kinetic analysis revealed that the types of inhibition were non-competitive and reversible with inhibition constant Ki of 0.14±0.01 mM and 0.18±0.02 mM for baicalin and scutellarin, respectively. The mechanism of urease inhibition was considered to be blockage of the SH groups of Helicobacter pylori urease, since thiol reagents (L,D-dithiothreitol, L-cysteine and glutathione) abolished the inhibitory action and competitive active site Ni(2+) binding inhibitors (boric acid and sodium fluoride) carried invalid effect. Molecular docking study further supported the structure-activity analysis and indicated that baicalin and scutellarin interacted with the key residues Cys321 located on the mobile flap through S-H·π interaction, but did not interact with active site Ni(2+). Moreover, Baicalin (at 0.59-1.05 mM concentrations) and scutellarin (at 0.23-0.71 mM concentrations) did not exhibit significant cytotoxicity to GES-1. CONCLUSIONS Baicalin and scutellarin were non-competitive inhibitors targeting sulfhydryl groups especially Cys321 around the active site of Helicobacter pylori urease, representing potential to be good candidate for future research as urease inhibitor for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Furthermore, our work gave additional scientific support to the use of Scutellaria baicalensis in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to treat gastrointestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dan Yu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Bo Zheng
- Guangzhou Wanglaoji Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510450, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hui Xie
- College of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Yan Su
- College of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qi Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Hong Wang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Feng Zheng
- College of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Zhun Mo
- College of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Li Wu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Dian-Wei Wu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Ye-er Liang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Fang Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, P.R. China.
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- College of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China; Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523000, P.R. China
| | - Ping Huang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China.
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Yu XD, Xie JH, Wang YH, Li YC, Mo ZZ, Zheng YF, Su JY, Liang YE, Liang JZ, Su ZR, Huang P. Selective Antibacterial Activity of Patchouli Alcohol Against Helicobacter pylori
Based on Inhibition of Urease. Phytother Res 2014; 29:67-72. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dan Yu
- College of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 PR China
| | - Jian-Hui Xie
- College of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 PR China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510115 PR China
| | - Yong-Hong Wang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology; Guangzhou 510006 PR China
| | - Yu-Cui Li
- College of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 PR China
| | - Zhi-Zhun Mo
- College of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 PR China
| | - Yi-Feng Zheng
- College of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 PR China
| | - Ji-Yan Su
- College of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 PR China
| | - Ye-er Liang
- College of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 PR China
| | - Jin-Zhi Liang
- College of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 PR China
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- College of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 PR China
- Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Dongguan 523000 PR China
| | - Ping Huang
- College of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 PR China
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Zheng YF, Xie JH, Xu YF, Liang YZ, Mo ZZ, Jiang WW, Chen XY, Liu YH, Yu XD, Huang P, Su ZR. Gastroprotective effect and mechanism of patchouli alcohol against ethanol, indomethacin and stress-induced ulcer in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 222:27-36. [PMID: 25168850 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pogostemonis Herba is an important Chinese medicine widely used in the treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction. Patchouli alcohol (PA), a tricyclic sesquiterpene, is the major active constituent of Pogostemonis Herba. This study aimed to investigate the possible anti-ulcerogenic potential of PA and the underlying mechanism against ethanol, indomethacin and water immersion restraint-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Gross and histological gastric lesions, biochemical and immunological parameters were taken into consideration. The gastric mucus content and the antisecretory activity were analyzed through pylorus ligature model in rats. Results indicated that oral administration with PA significantly reduced the ulcer areas induced by ethanol, indomethacin and water immersion restraint. PA pretreatment significantly promoted gastric prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and non-protein sulfhydryl group (NP-SH) levels, upregulated the cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression, and considerably boosted the gastric blood flow (GBF) and gastric mucus production in comparison with vehicle. In addition, PA modulated the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The levels of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were also restored by PA. However, the gastric secretion parameters (pH, volume of gastric juice and pepsin) did not show any significant alteration. These findings suggest that PA exhibited significant gastroprotective effects against gastric ulceration. The underlying mechanisms might involve the stimulation of COX-mediated PGE2, improvement of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory status, preservation of GBF and NP-SH, as well as boost of gastric mucus production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Feng Zheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jian-Hui Xie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yi-Fei Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yong-Zhuo Liang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zhi-Zhun Mo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Wei-Wen Jiang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ying Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yu-Hong Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiao-Dan Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ping Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 510006, PR China.
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 510006, PR China.
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