1
|
Messina M, Maugeri L, Spoto G, Puccio R, Ruggieri M, Petralia S. Fully Integrated Point-of-Care Platform for the Self-Monitoring of Phenylalanine in Finger-Prick Blood. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4152-4160. [PMID: 37890867 PMCID: PMC10683505 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Development of point-of-care platforms combining reliability and ease of use is a challenge for the evolution of sensing in healthcare technologies. Here, we report the development and testing of a fully integrated enzymatic colorimetric assay for the sensing of phenylalanine in blood samples from phenylketonuria patients. The platform works with a customized mobile app for data acquisition and visualization and comprises an electronic system and a disposable sensor. The sensing approach is based on specific enzymatic phenylalanine recognition, and the optical transduction method is based on in situ gold nanostructure formation. The phenylketonuria (PKU) smart sensor platform is conceived to perform self-monitoring on phenylalanine levels and real-time therapy tuning, thanks to the direct connection with clinicians. Validation of the technologies with a population of patients affected by PKU, together with the concurrent validation of the platform through centralized laboratories, has confirmed the good analytical performances in terms of sensitivity and specificity, robustness, and utility for phenylalanine sensing. The self-monitoring of phenylalanine for the daily identification of abnormal health conditions could facilitate rapid therapy tuning, improving the wellness of PKU patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria
Anna Messina
- Expanded
Newborn Screening Laboratory, A.O.U Policlinico
“G. Rodolico—San Marco”, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Ludovica Maugeri
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | | | | | - Martino Ruggieri
- Expanded
Newborn Screening Laboratory, A.O.U Policlinico
“G. Rodolico—San Marco”, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Unit
of Clinical Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Petralia
- Department
of Drug and Health Sciences, University
of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
- CNR-Institute
of Biomolecular Chemistry, 95126 Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Laneri F, Seggio M, Parisi C, Béni S, Fraix A, Malanga M, Sortino S. Mixed β-γ-Cyclodextrin Branched Polymer with Multiple Photo-Chemotherapeutic Cargos. ACS Appl Polym Mater 2023; 5:7918-7926. [PMID: 37854303 PMCID: PMC10580695 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.3c01157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The achievement of biocompatible platforms for multimodal therapies is one of the major challenges in the burgeoning field of nanomedicine. Here, we report on a mixed β- and γ-cyclodextrin-based branched polymeric material (βγCD-NOPD) covalently integrating a nitric oxide (NO) photodonor (NOPD) within its macromolecular scaffold, and its supramolecular ensemble with a singlet oxygen (1O2) photosensitizer (PS) Zn(II) phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and the chemodrug Lenvatinib (LVB). This polymer is highly water-soluble and generates NO under visible blue light stimuli with an efficiency of more than 1 order of magnitude higher than that of the single NOPD. The PS, which in an aqueous solution is aggregated and non-photoresponsive, can be entangled in the polymeric network as a photoresponsive monomeric species. In addition, the poorly water-soluble LVB can be co-encapsulated within the polymeric host, which increases the drug solubility by more than 30-fold compared to the free drug and more than 2-fold compared with a similar branched polymer containing only βCD units. The supramolecular nanoensemble, ca. 15 nm in diameter, retains well the photochemical properties of both the NOPD and PS, which can operate in parallel under light stimuli of different energies. Irradiation with blue and red light results in the photogeneration of NO and 1O2 associated with red fluorescence emission, without inducing any photodegradation of LVB. This result is not trivial and is due to the absence of significant, mutual interactions between the NOPD, the PS and LVB both in the ground and excited states, despite these components are confined in the same host. The proposed polymeric nanoplatform may represent a potential trimodal nanomedicine for biomedical research studies, since it combines the double photodynamic action of NO and 1O2, two species that do not suffer multidrug resistance, with the therapeutic activity of a conventional chemodrug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Laneri
- PhotoChemLab,
Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Mimimorena Seggio
- PhotoChemLab,
Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Parisi
- PhotoChemLab,
Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Szabolcs Béni
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, I-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Aurore Fraix
- PhotoChemLab,
Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Milo Malanga
- CycloLab,
Cyclodextrin R&D Ltd., I-1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Salvatore Sortino
- PhotoChemLab,
Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Calabrese L, Badagliacco D, Sanfilippo C, Fiore V. Flax-Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites Exposed to a Salt-Fog/Dry Cycle: A Simplified Approach to Predict Their Performance Recovery. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112542. [PMID: 37299341 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite natural fibers gaining significant attention in recent decades, their limited performance and poor durability under humid environments cannot allow them to fully replace their synthetic counterparts as reinforcement for structural composites. In such a context, this paper aims to investigate how exposure to a humid/dry cycle affects the mechanical response of epoxy laminates reinforced with flax and glass fibers. In particular, the main goal is to assess the performance evolution of a glass-flax hybridized stacking sequence in comparison with the full glass and flax fiber reinforced composites. To this end, the investigated composites were first exposed to salt-fog for 15 or 30 days and then to dry conditions (i.e., 50% R.H. and 23 °C) for up to 21 days. The presence of glass fibers in the stacking sequence significantly stabilizes the mechanical performance of composites during the humid/dry cycle. Indeed, hybridization of inner flax laminae with outer glass ones, acting as a protective shield, hinders the composite degradation due to the humid phase also promoting performance recovery during the dry phase. Hence, this work showed that a tailored hybridization of natural fibers with glass fibers represents a suitable approach to extend the service-life of natural fiber reinforced composites exposed to discontinuous humid conditions, thus allowing their employment in practical indoor and outdoor applications. Finally, a simplified theoretical pseudo-second-order model that aimed to forecast the performance recovery shown by composites was proposed and experimentally validated, highlighting good agreement with the experimental data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Calabrese
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio (Sant'Agata), 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Dionisio Badagliacco
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Carmelo Sanfilippo
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fiore
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Martorana E, Castorina P, Ferini G, Forte S, Mare M. Forecasting Individual Patients' Best Time for Surgery in Colon-Rectal Cancer by Tumor Regression during and after Neoadjuvant Radiochemotherapy. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13050851. [PMID: 37241020 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13050851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The standard treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer is neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy before surgery. For those patients experiencing a complete clinical response after the treatment, a watch-and-wait strategy with close monitoring may be practicable. In this respect, the identification of biomarkers of the response to therapy is extremely important. Many mathematical models have been developed or used to describe tumor growth, such as Gompertz's Law and the Logistic Law. Here we show that the parameters of those macroscopic growth laws, obtained by fitting the tumor evolution during and immediately after therapy, are a useful tool for evaluating the best time for surgery in this type of cancer. A limited number of experimental observations of the tumor volume regression, during and after the neoadjuvant doses, permits a reliable evaluation of a specific patient response (partial or complete recovery) for a later time, and one can evaluate a modification of the scheduled treatment, following a watch-and-wait approach or an early or late surgery. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy effects can be quantitatively described by applying Gompertz's Law and the Logistic Law to estimate tumor growth by monitoring patients at regular intervals. We show a quantitative difference in macroscopic parameters between partial and complete response patients, reliable for estimating the treatment effects and best time for surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo Castorina
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, 18000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Stefano Forte
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| | - Marzia Mare
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Caruso Bavisotto C, Provenzano A, Passantino R, Marino Gammazza A, Cappello F, San Biagio PL, Bulone D. Oligomeric State and Holding Activity of Hsp60. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097847. [PMID: 37175554 PMCID: PMC10177986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Similar to its bacterial homolog GroEL, Hsp60 in oligomeric conformation is known to work as a folding machine, with the assistance of co-chaperonin Hsp10 and ATP. However, recent results have evidenced that Hsp60 can stabilize aggregation-prone molecules in the absence of Hsp10 and ATP by a different, "holding-like" mechanism. Here, we investigated the relationship between the oligomeric conformation of Hsp60 and its ability to inhibit fibrillization of the Ab40 peptide. The monomeric or tetradecameric form of the protein was isolated, and its effect on beta-amyloid aggregation was separately tested. The structural stability of the two forms of Hsp60 was also investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), light scattering, and circular dichroism. The results showed that the protein in monomeric form is less stable, but more effective against amyloid fibrillization. This greater functionality is attributed to the disordered nature of the domains involved in subunit contacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Caruso Bavisotto
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Anatomy and Histology, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessia Provenzano
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Passantino
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Marino Gammazza
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Anatomy and Histology, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Anatomy and Histology, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Donatella Bulone
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Arancio W, Sciaraffa N, Coronnello C. MBS: a genome browser annotation track for high-confident microRNA binding sites in whole human transcriptome. Database (Oxford) 2023; 2023:7146264. [PMID: 37114805 PMCID: PMC10141451 DOI: 10.1093/database/baad015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding ribonucleic acids (RNAs) that play a role in many regulatory pathways in eukaryotes. They usually exert their functions by binding mature messenger RNAs. The prediction of the binding targets of the endogenous miRNAs is crucial to unravel the processes they are involved in. In this work, we performed an extensive miRNA binding sites (MBS) prediction over all the annotated transcript sequences and made them available through an UCSC track. MBS annotation track allows to study and visualize the human miRNA binding sites transcriptome-wide in a genome browser, together with any other available information the user is interested in. In the creation of the database that underlies the MBS track, three consolidated algorithms of miRNA binding prediction have been used: PITA, miRanda and TargetScan, and information about the binding sites predicted by all of them has been collected. MBS track displays high-confident miRNA binding sites for the whole length of each human transcript, both coding and non-coding ones. Each annotation can redirect to a web page with the details of the miRNA binding and the involved transcripts. MBS can be easily applied to retrieve specific information such as the effects of alternative splicing on miRNA binding or when a specific miRNA binds an exon-exon junction in the mature RNA. Overall, MBS will be of great help for studying and visualizing, in a user-friendly mode, the predicted miRNA binding sites on all the transcripts arising from a gene or a region of interest. Database URL https://datasharingada.fondazionerimed.com:8080/MBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walter Arancio
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), via Ugo la Malfa, 153, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Nicolina Sciaraffa
- Advanced Data Analysis Group, Ri.MED Foundation, via Bandiera, 11, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Claudia Coronnello
- Advanced Data Analysis Group, Ri.MED Foundation, via Bandiera, 11, Palermo 90133, Italy
- National Center for Gene Therapy and Drugs based on RNA Technology, via Bandiera, 11, Palermo 90133, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yaqoob S, Cafiso S, Morabito G, Pappalardo G. Detection of anomalies in cycling behavior with convolutional neural network and deep learning. Eur Transp Res Rev 2023; 15:9. [PMID: 38625141 PMCID: PMC10033296 DOI: 10.1186/s12544-023-00583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Cycling has always been considered a sustainable and healthy mode of transport. With the increasing concerns of greenhouse gases and pollution, policy makers are intended to support cycling as commuter mode of transport. Moreover, during Covid-19 period, cycling was further appreciated by citizens as an individual opportunity of mobility. Unfortunately, bicyclist safety has become a challenge with growing number of bicyclists in the 21st century. When compared to the traditional road safety network screening, availability of suitable data for bicycle based crashes is more difficult. In such framework, new technologies based smart cities may require new opportunities of data collection and analysis. Methods This research presents bicycle data requirements and treatment to get suitable information by using GPS device. Mainly, this paper proposed a deep learning-based approach "BeST-DAD" to detect anomalies and spot dangerous points on map for bicyclist to avoid a critical safety event (CSE). BeST-DAD follows Convolutional Neural Network and Autoencoder (AE) for anomaly detection. Proposed model optimization is carried out by testing different data features and BeST-DAD parameter settings, while another comparison performance is carried out between BeST-DAD and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Result BeST-DAD over perform than traditional PCA statistical approaches for anomaly detection by achieving 77% of the F-score. When the trained model is tested with data from different users, 100% recall is recorded for individual user's trained models. Conclusion The research results support the notion that proper GPS trajectory data and deep learning classification can be applied to identify anomalies in cycling behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shumayla Yaqoob
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cafiso
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giacomo Morabito
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Pappalardo
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Di Donato M, Giovannelli P, Migliaccio A, Castoria G. The nerve growth factor-delivered signals in prostate cancer and its associated microenvironment: when the dialogue replaces the monologue. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:60. [PMID: 36941697 PMCID: PMC10029315 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01008-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) represents the most diagnosed and the second most lethal cancer in men worldwide. Its development and progression occur in concert with alterations in the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), made up of stromal cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) that dynamically interact with epithelial PC cells affecting their growth and invasiveness. PC cells, in turn, can functionally sculpt the TME through the secretion of various factors, including neurotrophins. Among them, the nerve growth factor (NGF) that is released by both epithelial PC cells and carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) triggers the activation of various intracellular signaling cascades, thereby promoting the acquisition of a metastatic phenotype. After many years of investigation, it is indeed well established that aberrations and/or derangement of NGF signaling are involved not only in neurological disorders, but also in the pathogenesis of human proliferative diseases, including PC. Another key feature of cancer progression is the nerve outgrowth in TME and the concept of nerve dependence related to perineural invasion is currently emerging. NGF released by cancer cells can be a driver of tumor neurogenesis and nerves infiltrated in TME release neurotransmitters, which might stimulate the growth and sustainment of tumor cells.In this review, we aim to provide a snapshot of NGF action in the interactions between TME, nerves and PC cells. Understanding the molecular basis of this dialogue might expand the arsenal of therapeutic strategies against this widespread disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Di Donato
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L.Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Pia Giovannelli
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L.Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Antimo Migliaccio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L.Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Castoria
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L.Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Muscolino A, Di Maria A, Rapicavoli RV, Alaimo S, Bellomo L, Billeci F, Borzì S, Ferragina P, Ferro A, Pulvirenti A. NETME: on-the-fly knowledge network construction from biomedical literature. Appl Netw Sci 2022; 7:1. [PMID: 35013714 PMCID: PMC8733431 DOI: 10.1007/s41109-021-00435-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rapidly increasing biological literature is a key resource to automatically extract and gain knowledge concerning biological elements and their relations. Knowledge Networks are helpful tools in the context of biological knowledge discovery and modeling. RESULTS We introduce a novel system called NETME, which, starting from a set of full-texts obtained from PubMed, through an easy-to-use web interface, interactively extracts biological elements from ontological databases and then synthesizes a network inferring relations among such elements. The results clearly show that our tool is capable of inferring comprehensive and reliable biological networks. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41109-021-00435-x.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Di Maria
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Alaimo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bellomo
- Department of Computer Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Billeci
- Department of Maths and Computer Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefano Borzì
- Department of Maths and Computer Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Ferragina
- Department of Computer Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alfredo Ferro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pulvirenti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Garofalo G, Busetta G, Maniaci G, Sardina MT, Portolano B, Badalamenti N, Maggio A, Bruno M, Gaglio R, Settanni L. Development of "Quadrello di Ovino", a Novel Fresh Ewe's Cheese. Foods 2021; 11:25. [PMID: 35010151 PMCID: PMC8750039 DOI: 10.3390/foods11010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work was performed to produce a new soft ewe's milk cheese, namely "Quadrello di ovino" (QdO) cheese, to enlarge ewe's dairy product portfolio of South Italy, barely limited to Pecorino cheese typology. Cheese making was performed applying the technology for "Crescenza" cheese typology with some modifications. In particular, pasteurized ewes' milk was inoculated with two commercial starter formulations (SF1 and SF2) of Streptococcus thermophilus to obtain two different productions (QdO-P1 and QdO-P2, respectively). Plate counts demonstrated the ability of both starter formulations to drive the fermentation process, since S. thermophilus counts reached 109 CFU/g in both productions. Generally, the two starter formulations did not affect the chemical composition of QdO cheeses that contained, on average, 64.08% dry matter of which approximately 54.99% were fats and 36.39% proteins. Among chemical parameters, significant differences were registered for secondary lipid oxidation state (significantly lower for QdO-P2), fatty acids and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, the differences registered among cheese VOCs from were not perceived by the panelists who recognized both cheese productions highly similar, although QdO-P2 cheeses were mostly appreciated by the judges. This study allowed to produce a novel fresh ovine cheese with specific chemical and sensorial characteristics well appreciated by consumers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Garofalo
- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 5, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (G.B.); (G.M.); (M.T.S.); (B.P.); (R.G.)
| | - Gabriele Busetta
- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 5, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (G.B.); (G.M.); (M.T.S.); (B.P.); (R.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Maniaci
- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 5, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (G.B.); (G.M.); (M.T.S.); (B.P.); (R.G.)
| | - Maria Teresa Sardina
- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 5, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (G.B.); (G.M.); (M.T.S.); (B.P.); (R.G.)
| | - Baldassare Portolano
- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 5, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (G.B.); (G.M.); (M.T.S.); (B.P.); (R.G.)
| | - Natale Badalamenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (N.B.); (A.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Antonella Maggio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (N.B.); (A.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (N.B.); (A.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Raimondo Gaglio
- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 5, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (G.B.); (G.M.); (M.T.S.); (B.P.); (R.G.)
| | - Luca Settanni
- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 5, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (G.B.); (G.M.); (M.T.S.); (B.P.); (R.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yahyaoui E, Marinoni DT, Botta R, Ruffa P, Germanà MA. Is It Possible to Produce Certified Hazelnut Plant Material in Sicily? Identification and Recovery of Nebrodi Genetic Resources, in vitro Establishment, and Innovative Sanitation Technique From Apple Mosaic Virus. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:778142. [PMID: 34975961 PMCID: PMC8716929 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.778142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Eight Sicilian cultivars of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.), namely-Curcia, Nociara Collica, Panottara Collica, Panottara Galati Grande, Parrinara, Panottara Baratta Piccola, Enzo, and Rossa Galvagno, registered into the Italian Cultivar Register of fruit tree species in 2017 were selected from Nebrodi area and established in vitro. The aim of the work was to carry out the sanitation of the cultivars and get virus-free plants from the most important viral pathogen threat, the apple mosaic virus. Virus-free plant material is essential for the production of certified plants from Sicilian hazelnut cultivars, complying the CE (cat. CAC) quality and the technical standards established in 2017 for voluntary certification by the Italian Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies (MIPAAF). In this study, we investigated the possibility of establishing in vitro true-to-type and virus-free hazelnut plantlets via the encapsulation technology of apexes. The in vitro shoot proliferation rates were assessed for the different cultivars, sampling periods, temperature treatments, and type of explant used for culture initiation. Viability, regrowth, and conversion rates of both conventional meristem tip culture (MTC) and not conventional (MTC combined with the encapsulation technology) sanitation techniques were evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emna Yahyaoui
- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali (SAAF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Torello Marinoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari (DISAFA), Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Botta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari (DISAFA), Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Ruffa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari (DISAFA), Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Germanà
- Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali (SAAF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Migliore R, D’Antona N, Sgarlata C, Consoli GML. Co-Loading of Temozolomide and Curcumin into a Calix[4]arene-Based Nanocontainer for Potential Combined Chemotherapy: Binding Features, Enhanced Drug Solubility and Stability in Aqueous Medium. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:2930. [PMID: 34835694 PMCID: PMC8623626 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The co-delivery of anticancer drugs into tumor cells by a nanocarrier may provide a new paradigm in chemotherapy. Temozolomide and curcumin are anticancer drugs with a synergistic effect in the treatment of multiform glioblastoma. In this study, the entrapment and co-entrapment of temozolomide and curcumin in a p-sulfonato-calix[4]arene nanoparticle was investigated by NMR spectroscopy, UV-vis spectrophotometry, isothermal titration calorimetry, and dynamic light scattering. Critical micellar concentration, nanoparticle size, zeta potential, drug loading percentage, and thermodynamic parameters were all consistent with a drug delivery system. Our data showed that temozolomide is hosted in the cavity of the calix[4]arene building blocks while curcumin is entrapped within the nanoparticle. Isothermal titration calorimetry evidenced that drug complexation and entrapment are entropy driven processes. The loading in the calixarene-based nanocontainer enhanced the solubility and half-life of both drugs, whose medicinal efficacy is affected by low solubility and rapid degradation. The calixarene-based nanocontainer appears to be a promising new candidate for nanocarrier-based drug combination therapy for glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Migliore
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (R.M.); (N.D.)
| | - Nicola D’Antona
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (R.M.); (N.D.)
| | - Carmelo Sgarlata
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Grazia M. L. Consoli
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (R.M.); (N.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Prima GD, Librizzi F, Carrotta R. Light Scattering as an Easy Tool to Measure Vesicles Weight Concentration. Membranes (Basel) 2020; 10:E222. [PMID: 32899344 PMCID: PMC7558410 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10090222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, liposomes have emerged as promising drug delivery systems and effective membrane models for studying biophysical and biological processes. For all applications, knowing their concentration after preparation is crucial. Thus, the development of methods for easily controlling vesicles concentration would be of great utility. A new assay is presented here, based on a suitable analysis of light scattering intensity from liposome dispersions. The method, tested for extrusion preparations, is precise, easy, fast, non-destructive and uses a tiny amount of sample. Furthermore, the scattering intensity can be measured indifferently at different angles, or even by using the elastic band obtained from a standard spectrofluorimeter. To validate the method, the measured concentrations of vesicles of different matrix compositions and sizes, measured by light scattering with different angles and instruments, were compared to the data obtained by the standard Stewart assay. Consistent results were obtained. The light scattering assay is based on the assessment of the mass fraction lost in the preparation, and can be applied for methods such as extrusion, homogenization, French press and other microfluidic procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Di Prima
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.P.); (F.L.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Librizzi
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.P.); (F.L.)
| | - Rita Carrotta
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.P.); (F.L.)
| |
Collapse
|