1
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Almajidi YQ, Majeed AA, Ali E, Abdullaev S, Koka NA, Bisht YS, Fenjan MN, Alawadi A, Alsalamy A, Saleh LH. A versatile magnetic nanocomposite based on cellulose-cyclodextrin hydrogel embedded with graphene oxide and Cu 2O nanoparticles for catalytic application. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129367. [PMID: 38218269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The study focused on creating a novel and environmentally friendly nanocatalyst using cellulose (Cell), β-Cyclodextrin (BCD), graphene oxide (GO), Cu2O, and Fe3O4.The nanocatalyst was prepared by embedding GO and Cu2O into Cell-BCD hydrogel, followed by the in-situ preparation of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles to magnetize the nanocomposite. The effectiveness of this nanocatalyst was evaluated in the one-pot, three-component symmetric Hantzsch reaction for synthesizing 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives with high yield under mild conditions. This novel nanocatalyst has the potential for broad application in various organic transformations due to its effective catalytic activity, eco-friendly nature, and ease of recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Qasim Almajidi
- Baghdad College of Medical Sciences-Department of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutics), Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali A Majeed
- Department of Pathological Analyses, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq.
| | - Eyhab Ali
- College of Chemistry, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Sherzod Abdullaev
- Senior Researcher, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, New Uzbekistan University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Senior Researcher, Scientific and Innovation Department, Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; CEO, Editory LLC, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Nisar Ahmad Koka
- Department of English, Faculty of Languages and Translation, King Khalid University Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yashwant Singh Bisht
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Mohammed N Fenjan
- College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Luma Hussain Saleh
- Department of Anesthesia Techniques, Al-Noor University College, Nineveh, Iraq
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2
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Guda MR, Zyryanov GV, Dubey A, Munagapati VS, Wen JC. Cytotoxic and Infection-Controlled Investigations of Novel Dihydropyridine Hybrids: An Efficient Synthesis and Molecular-Docking Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1159. [PMID: 37631073 PMCID: PMC10460068 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A sequence of novel 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHP) and their hybrids was developed using a multicomponent strategy under environmentally benign conditions. In addition, computational studies were performed, and the ligand-protein interactions calculated in different bacteria and two fungal strains. Para-hydroxy-linked DHP (5f) showed the best binding energies of 3.591, 3.916, 8.499 and 6.895 kcal/mol against various pathogens used and other substances received a good docking score. The pathogen resistance potential of the synthesized targets against four bacteria and two fungi showed that whole DHP substances exhibit different levels of resistance to each microorganism. Gram-positive bacteria, which are highly sensitive to all molecules, and the MTCC-1884-encoded fungus strongly rejected the studied compounds compared to comparator drugs. In particular, the 5f candidate showed remarkable antimicrobial activity, followed by the substances 5a, 5b, 5j, 5k and 5l. Furthermore, MIC and MBC/MFC properties showed that 5f had a minimum bacterial concentration of 12.5 μg/mL against E. coli and against two fungal pathogens, with its killing activity being effective even at low concentrations. On the other hand, whole motifs were tested for their cytotoxic activity, revealing that the methoxy and hydroxy-linked compounds (5h) showed greater cytotoxic potency, followed by the two hydroxy linked compounds (5d and 5f). Overall, this synthetic approach used represents a prototype for future nature-favored synthesis methods and these biological results serve as a guide for future therapeutic drug research. However, the computer results play an important role in the further development of biological experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjuna R. Guda
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, 28 Mira St., Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia;
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India
| | - Grigory. V. Zyryanov
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, 28 Mira St., Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia;
- Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis, 22 S. Kovalevskoy Street, Yekaterinburg 620219, Russia
| | - Amit Dubey
- Computational Chemistry and Drug Discovery Division, Quanta Calculus Pvt. Ltd., Greater Noida 201310, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Venkata Subbaiah Munagapati
- Research Centre for Soil and Water Resources and Natural Disaster Prevention (SWAN), National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliou 64002, Taiwan
| | - Jet-Chau Wen
- Research Centre for Soil and Water Resources and Natural Disaster Prevention (SWAN), National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliou 64002, Taiwan
- Department of Safety, Health, and Environmental Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliou 64002, Taiwan
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3
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Chen XY, Zheng H, Han Y, Sun J, Yan CG. The unique reactivity of 5,6-unsubstituted 1,4-dihydropyridine in the Huisgen 1,4-diploar cycloaddition and formal [2 + 2] cycloaddition. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:982-990. [PMID: 37404798 PMCID: PMC10315888 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The three-component reaction of isoquinolines, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates, and 5,6-unsubstituted 1,4-dihydropyridines in acetonitrile at room temperature afforded functionalized isoquinolino[1,2-f][1,6]naphthyridines in good yields and with high diastereoselectivity. More importantly, the formal [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates and 5,6-unsubstituted 1,4-dihydropyridines in refluxing acetonitrile gave unique 2-azabicyclo[4.2.0]octa-3,7-dienes as major products and 1,3a,4,6a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]pyrroles as minor products via further rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Yu Chen
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Ying Han
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Chao-Guo Yan
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225002, China
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4
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Suenkel B, Valente S, Zwergel C, Weiss S, Di Bello E, Fioravanti R, Aventaggiato M, Amorim JA, Garg N, Kumar S, Lombard DB, Hu T, Singh PK, Tafani M, Palmeira CM, Sinclair D, Mai A, Steegborn C. Potent and Specific Activators for Mitochondrial Sirtuins Sirt3 and Sirt5. J Med Chem 2022; 65:14015-14031. [PMID: 36228194 PMCID: PMC9653166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent protein deacylases involved in metabolic regulation and aging-related diseases. Specific activators for seven human Sirtuin isoforms would be important chemical tools and potential therapeutic drugs. Activators have been described for Sirt1 and act via a unique N-terminal domain of this isoform. For most other Sirtuin isoforms, including mitochondrial Sirt3-5, no potent and specific activators have yet been identified. We here describe the identification and characterization of 1,4-dihydropyridine-based compounds that either act as pan Sirtuin activators or specifically stimulate Sirt3 or Sirt5. The activators bind to the Sirtuin catalytic cores independent of NAD+ and acylated peptides and stimulate turnover of peptide and protein substrates. The compounds also activate Sirt3 or Sirt5 in cellular systems regulating, e.g., apoptosis and electron transport chain. Our results provide a scaffold for potent Sirtuin activation and derivatives specific for Sirt3 and Sirt5 as an excellent basis for further drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Suenkel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, and Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Clemens Zwergel
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, and Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sandra Weiss
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Elisabetta Di Bello
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, and Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Fioravanti
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, and Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Aventaggiato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - João A. Amorim
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Genetics Department, Blavatnik Institute, Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Neha Garg
- Genetics Department, Blavatnik Institute, Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Surinder Kumar
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800, USA
| | - David B. Lombard
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800, USA
- Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800, USA
| | - Tuo Hu
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-7696, USA
| | - Pankaj K. Singh
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-7696, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-7696, USA
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-7696, USA
| | - Marco Tafani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlos M. Palmeira
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - David Sinclair
- Genetics Department, Blavatnik Institute, Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, and Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Clemens Steegborn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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5
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Rucins M, Rodik R, Plotniece A, Pikun N, Plotniece M, Sobolev A, Kalchenko V, Pajuste K. Data for characterisation of nanoformulations formed by cationic 1,4-dihydopyridine and calix[4]arene compositions. Data Brief 2022; 41:107988. [PMID: 35252501 PMCID: PMC8891969 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2022.107988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this data file the characterisation of nanoformulations obtained from calix[4]arene/1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) compositions in the various component ratio in an aqueous medium was performed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique. The hydrodynamic diameters of nanoparticle main population, polydispersity index and stability of nanoformulation were determined. In this article provided data are directly related to the previously published research articles - "Gene delivery agents possessing antiradical activity: Self-assembling cationic amphiphilic 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives" [1], and "Studies of the physicochemical and structural properties of self-assembling cationic pyridine derivatives as gene delivery agents" [2] where was described synthesis, transfection activity of 1,1'-((3,5-bis((dodecyloxy)carbonyl)-4-phenyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-2,6-diyl)bis(methylene))bis(pyridin-1-ium) dibromide presented in this data file; and with articles "Cationic amphiphilic calixarenes to compact DNA into small nanoparticles for gene delivery" [3] and "Self-aggregation in aqueous solution of amphiphilic cationic calix[4]arenes. Potential use as vectors and nanocarriers" [4] where was described synthesis and ability to condense DNA for also mentioned calix[4]arenes - 5,11,17,23-tetra-(3-methylimidazolium)-methylene-25,26,27,28-etradodecyloxycalix[4]arene tetrachloride, 5,11,17,23-tetra(N,N-dimethyl-N-hydroxyethylammonium)-methylene-25,26,27,28-tetradodecyloxycalix[4]arene tetrachloride and 5,11,17,23-tetra(N,N-dimethyl-N-hydroxyethylammonium)-methylene-25,26,27,28-tetrahexadecyloxycalix[4]arene tetrachloride. Information provided in this data file can be used in medicinal chemistry for development of novel synthetic lipid nanoformulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martins Rucins
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles str. 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Roman Rodik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Murmanska str. 5, Kiev 02660, Ukraine
| | - Aiva Plotniece
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles str. 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Nadiia Pikun
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles str. 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Mara Plotniece
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Riga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema str. 16, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Arkadij Sobolev
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles str. 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Vitaly Kalchenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Murmanska str. 5, Kiev 02660, Ukraine
| | - Karlis Pajuste
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles str. 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
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6
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Isomura S, Watanabe M, Suzuki A, Okuno Y, Okayasu M, Azumaya I, Sato Y. Selective Synthesis of the Aminobutadiene Intermediate and Mechanistic Analysis of 1,4-Dihydropyridine Formation Reaction in Water. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:240-243. [PMID: 35228389 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c21-00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We previously isolated an aminobutadiene derivative as a by-product in the synthesis of a 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) derivative by the reaction of methyl propiolate with excess ammonium acetate in water, and we proposed that it is an intermediate in the formation of 1,4-DHP. Here, to test this idea and to investigate the reaction mechanism, we selectively synthesized the aminobutadiene derivative in EtOH and examined its reactivity. The yield of the aminobutadiene derivative was increased in the presence of excess ammonium salt. X-Ray crystal structure analysis indicated the presence of an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the terminal amine and ester carbonyl oxygen, together with a short C-N bond length consistent with enamine-imine equilibrium. Direct cyclization of the aminobutadiene derivative with methyl propiolate to afford the 1,4-DHP derivative did not proceed well, but the yield was increased in the presence of morpholine salt as an additive. These results suggest that the predominant reaction pathway from the intermediate to 1,4-DHP in water involves Michael addition of a second amine molecule and reaction with methyl propiolate, followed by intramolecular cyclization and elimination of amine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Isomura
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Yokohama University of Pharmacy
| | - Miyu Watanabe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Yokohama University of Pharmacy
| | - Ayano Suzuki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Yokohama University of Pharmacy
| | - Yoshinori Okuno
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Yokohama University of Pharmacy
| | - Misaki Okayasu
- Chemical Manufacturing Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Isao Azumaya
- Chemical Manufacturing Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Yasuo Sato
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Yokohama University of Pharmacy
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7
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Pajuste K, Rucins M, Domracheva I, Sobolev A, Pikun N, Plotniece M, Duburs G, Pajuste K, Plotniece A. Data for the cytotoxicity, self-assembling properties and synthesis of 4-pyridinium- 1,4-dihydropyridines. Data Brief 2020; 33:106545. [PMID: 33294531 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In this data file the synthetic procedures for preparation of the original 4-pyridinium-1,4-dihydropyridines (4-Py-1,4-DHP) and their parent compounds - dialkyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-pyridyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylates were described. In total, 5 unpublished compounds were obtained and characterised. All the structures of original compounds were confirmed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR, including 1H NMR and 13C NMR) and low resolution mass spectra (MS) data. Additionally, the cytotoxic properties of four 4-Py-1,4-DHPs were evaluated on 3 cell lines - normal NIH3T3 (mouse embryonic fibroblast), cancerous HT-1080 (human lung fibrosarcoma) and MH-22A (mouse hepatoma) and self-assembling properties were studied and characterisation of formed nanoparticles were performed using dynamic light scattering technique. In this article provided data are directly related to the previously published research articles - "Novel cationic amphiphilic 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives for DNA delivery" [1] where compound 5 was tested as gene delivery agent without full physico-chemical characterisation and "Synthesis and studies of calcium channel blocking and antioxidant activities of novel 4-pyridinium and/or N-propargyl substituted 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives" [2] where synthesis and physico-chemical characterisation as well as calcium channel blocking and antioxidant activities were described for compound 6. Synthesis of other compounds - parent 1,4-DHPs 1 and 2, and 4-Py-1,4-DHPs 3-5, their characterisation, estimation of cytotoxicity and self-assembling properties for all 4-Py-1,4-DHPs 3-6 are reported herein for the first time. Information provided in this data file can be used in medicinal chemistry by other scientists to estimate structure-activity relationships for the analysis and construction of various cationic 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives and related heterocycles.
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8
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Kale OE, Gündüz MG, Ogunbiyi BT, Ogundare TF, Ekor M, Awodele O. M3, a 1,4-Dihydropyridine Derivative and Mixed L-/T-Type Calcium Channel Blocker, Attenuates Isoproterenol-Induced Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2020; 20:627-40. [PMID: 32671560 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-020-09587-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that Ca2+ dysregulation is involved in the pathogenesis of isoproterenol (ISP)-induced biochemical toxicity and associated oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated the chemopreventive benefit of M3, a 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, against ISP-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats. Adult rats were divided into eight groups of six rats/group. Groups 1-5 received normal saline (control, 10 mL/kg/day, p.o.), ISP (85 mg/kg/day, s.c.), M3 lower dose (M3LD, 5 mg/kg, p.o.), M3 upper dose (M3UD, 20 mg/kg/day, p.o.), and Nifedipine (NFD, 20 mg/kg/day, p.o.), respectively. Others (groups 6-8) were pretreated with either M3LD, M3UD or NFD one hour before ISP administration. All rats were sacrificed 24 h after the last administration and changes in biochemical, hematological, and antioxidant parameters were assessed. Histologic examination of the heart, liver and kidney was also conducted. ISP elevated (p < 0.05) Ca2+, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein levels when compared with control. Similarly, ISP increased levels of markers of renal function (p < 0.01), C-reactive protein (148.1%) and myocardial malondialdehyde (MDA, 88.7%) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (109.2%). Platelet level was reduced (p < 0.05) in the ISP-intoxicated control rats. M3 exhibited antioxidant property, reduced levels of triglycerides, MDA and improved biochemical and hematological alterations associated with ISP toxicity. M3, however, was not effective in restoring histological changes that characterized ISP toxicity at the doses used. M3 offers chemopreventive benefits against ISP toxicity possibly through L-/T-type calcium channels blockade and modulatory actions on biochemical and antioxidant homeostasis.
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9
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Shahraki O, Khoshneviszadeh M, Dehghani M, Mohabbati M, Tavakkoli M, Saso L, Edraki N, Firuzi O. 5-Oxo-hexahydroquinoline Derivatives and Their Tetrahydroquinoline Counterparts as Multidrug Resistance Reversal Agents. Molecules 2020; 25:E1839. [PMID: 32316291 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a main reason of chemotherapy failure in many patients and is often related to overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, including P-glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1). Agents that are capable of modulation of the activity of these transporters might be effective in overcoming MDR. In this study, a new set of 1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro 5-oxo quinoline-3-carboxamide derivatives bearing 4-methylthiazole moiety and their tetrahydroquinoline counterparts were synthesized. MDR reversal activity of these 16 newly synthesized derivatives was tested in P-gp overexpressing MES-SA-DX5 human uterine sarcoma cells by flow cytometric determination of Rhodamine123 efflux. The effect of the most potent compounds in induction of apoptosis and alterations of cell cycle was examined in these cells by a flow cytometric method. Inherent cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against MCF-7, A-549 and K562 cancer cell lines, as well as MES-SA-DX5 and their parental non-resistant MES-SA and also HEK-293 non-cancerous cells by MTT assay. Compounds A1 and A2 with 5-oxo-hexahydroquinoline structure bearing 2,4-dichlorophenyl and 4-bromophenyl moieties, respectively, and their tetrahydroquinoline counterparts B1 and B2 significantly blocked P-gp efflux, induced apoptosis and showed the highest cytotoxicities against MES-SA-DX5 cells. However, only A2 and B2 compounds were relatively selective against cancer and MDR cells as compared to non-resistant and non-cancerous cells. These findings demonstrate that 5-oxo-hexahydroquinoline and 5-oxo-tetrahydroquinoline derivatives represent promising agents with therapeutic potential in drug resistant cancers.
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10
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Chen S, Zhong Q, Zhu H, Liu C, Zhuang P, Sun W. Visible-Light-Induced C-C Coupling Reaction to Synthesize Bipyridine From 3-Cyano- 1,4-Dihydropyridines. Front Chem 2020; 7:940. [PMID: 32010676 PMCID: PMC6978658 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A concise and efficient photocatalytic C–C coupling of 1-benzyl-3-cyano-1, 4-dihydropyridine for synthesis of 1,1′-dibenzyl-3, 3′-dicyano-1,1′,4,4′-tetrahydro-4, 4′-bipyridine is described. The reporter system provides a novel technique that facilitates synthesis of C–C coupling derivatives without addition of transition metals and oxidants or other additives. A plausible synthetic pathway is proposed, and the coupling product was characterized via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H and 13C NMR), high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS) and X-ray analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Qidi Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Pengyu Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Wuji Sun
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
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11
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Sun J, Gözde Gündüz M, Zhang J, Yu J, Guo X. Direct Enantiomeric Resolution of Seventeen Racemic 1,4-Dihydropyridine-Based Hexahydroquinoline Derivatives by HPLC. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102513. [PMID: 31121823 PMCID: PMC6566779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
1,4-Dihydropyridine (DHP) scaffold holds an outstanding position with its versatile pharmacological properties among all heterocyclic compounds. Although most of the commercially available DHPs are marketed as a racemic mixture, the chiral center at C-4 can lead to even opposite pharmacological activities between the enantiomers. In the present study, enantioseparation of seventeen DHP structural analogues, consisting of either pharmacologically active or newly synthesized derivatives, (M2-4, MD5, HM2, HM10, CE5, N11, N10, N7, M11, MC6-8, MC13, MD23, and 42IIP) by high-performance liquid chromatography was investigated using immobilized polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phase, Chiralpak IC column. Due to the solvent versatility of the covalently immobilized chiral stationary phase in enantiomer separation, multiple elution modes including standard normal phase, nonstandard mobile phase, and reversed phase were used to expand the possibility to find the optimum enantioselective conditions for the tested analytes. Under appropriate separation conditions, complete enantiomeric separation was obtained for nearly all compounds except MC6-8 and MC13 which contained two chiral centers. Additionally, the effects of the polar modifier, the additive, and column temperature on the chiral recognition were evaluated. The thermodynamic parameters calculated according to the linear van’t Hoff equation indicated that the chiral separations in this study were enthalpy-driven or entropy-driven. Some parameters of method validation such as linearity, limit of quantitation, and repeatability were also measured for all studied compounds to prove the reliability of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Sun
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Miyase Gözde Gündüz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey.
| | - Junyuan Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Jia Yu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xingjie Guo
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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12
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Bisi A, Micucci M, Gobbi S, Belluti F, Budriesi R, Rampa A. Cardiovascular Profile of Xanthone-Based 1,4 Dihydropyridines Bearing a Lidoflazine Pharmacophore Fragment. Molecules 2018; 23:E3088. [PMID: 30486354 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
As a follow-up to our previous studies on differently substituted 1,4-dihydropyridines endowed with a peculiar cardiac selectivity, in this paper, a small series of hybrid compounds bearing the pharmacophore fragment of lidoflazine in position 2 or 3 on a 4-(xanthen-9-one)-dihydropyridine core was reported. Lidoflazine was selected due to our promising previously reported data, and the xanthen-9-one substituent was introduced in position 4 of the dihydropyridine scaffold based on the cardiac selectivity observed in several of our studies. The new hybrid compounds were tested to assess cardiac and vascular activities, and the data were evaluated in comparison with those previously obtained for 4-(xanthen-9-one)-dihydropyridines and lidoflazine–nifedipine hybrid compounds. The functional studies indicated an interesting peculiar selectivity for the cardiac parameter inotropy, in particular when the lidoflazine fragment was introduced in position 2 of the dihydropyridine scaffold (4a–e), and thus a possible preferential binding with the Cav 1.2 isoform of l-type calcium channels, which are mainly involved in cardiac contractility.
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Auria-Luna F, Marqués-López E, P Herrera R. First Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of 1-Benzamido- 1,4-Dihydropyridine Derivatives. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102692. [PMID: 30347659 PMCID: PMC6222298 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Preliminary results concerning the first asymmetric synthesis of highly functionalized 1-benzamido-1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives via the reaction of hydrazones with alkylidenemalononitriles in the presence of β-isocupreidine catalyst are reported. The moderate, but promising, enantioselectivity observed (40⁻54% ee), opens the door to a new area of research for the asymmetric construction of new chiral 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives, whose enantioselective catalytic preparation are still very limited. Moreover, the use of hydrazones for the enantioselective construction of chiral 1,4-dihydropyridines has been overlooked in the literature so far. Therefore, our research represents a pivotal example in this field which remains still unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Auria-Luna
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Eugenia Marqués-López
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Raquel P Herrera
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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14
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Niemirowicz-Laskowska K, Głuszek K, Piktel E, Pajuste K, Durnaś B, Król G, Wilczewska AZ, Janmey PA, Plotniece A, Bucki R. Bactericidal and immunomodulatory properties of magnetic nanoparticles functionalized by 1,4-dihydropyridines. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:3411-3424. [PMID: 29928120 PMCID: PMC6001743 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s157564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 1,4-Dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) and its derivatives are well-known calcium channel blockers with antiarrhythmic and antihypertensive activities. These compounds exhibit pleiotropic effects including antimicrobial activities that rely on their positive charge and amphipathic nature. Use of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as carriers of 1,4-DHP modulates their properties and enables improved formulations with higher efficacy and less toxicity. Methods In this study, the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities of novel 1,4-DHP derivatives in free form and immobilized on MNPs were determined by evaluating pathogen outgrowth and proinflammatory cytokine release in experimental settings that involve incubation of various 1,4-DHPs with clinical isolates of bacteria or fungi as well as mammalian cell culture models. Results Conventional immobilization of 1,4-DHP on aminosilane-coated MNPs markedly enhances their antimicrobial activity compared to nonimmobilized molecules, in part because of the higher affinity of these nanosystems for bacterial cell wall components in the presence of human body fluids. Conclusion Optimized nanosystems are characterized by improved biocompatibility and higher anti-inflammatory properties that provide new opportunities for the therapy of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katarzyna Głuszek
- Department of Microbiological and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewelina Piktel
- Department of Microbiological and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Karlis Pajuste
- Laboratory of Membrane Active Compounds and β-Diketones, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
| | - Bonita Durnaś
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Faculty of Health Sciences of the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Kielce
| | - Grzegorz Król
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Faculty of Health Sciences of the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Kielce
| | | | - Paul A Janmey
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aiva Plotniece
- Laboratory of Membrane Active Compounds and β-Diketones, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Microbiological and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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15
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Schaller D, Gündüz MG, Zhang FX, Zamponi GW, Wolber G. Binding mechanism investigations guiding the synthesis of novel condensed 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives with L-/T-type calcium channel blocking activity. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 155:1-12. [PMID: 29843108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nifedipine and isradipine are prominent examples of calcium channel blockers with a 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) scaffold. Although successfully used in clinics since decades for the treatment of hypertension, the binding mechanism to their target, the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel Cav1.2, is still incompletely understood. Recently, novel DHP derivatives with a condensed ring system have been discovered that show distinct selectivity profiles to different calcium channel subtypes. This property renders this DHP class as a promising tool to achieve selectivity towards distinct calcium channel subtypes. In this study, we identified a common binding mode for prominent DHPs nifedipine and isradipine using docking and pharmacophore analysis that is also able to explain the structure-activity relationship of a small subseries of DHP derivatives with a condensed ring system. These findings were used to guide the synthesis of twenty-two novel DHPs. An extensive characterization using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectra and elemental analysis was followed by whole cell patch clamp assays for analyzing activity at Cav1.2 and Cav3.2. Two compounds were identified with significant activity against Cav1.2. Additionally, we identified four compounds active against Cav3.2 of which three were selective over Cav1.2. Novel binding modes were analyzed using docking and pharmacophore analysis as well as molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Schaller
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Miyase Gözde Gündüz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, 06100, Turkey.
| | - Fang Xiong Zhang
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Gerhard Wolber
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, Berlin, 14195, Germany
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16
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Shahraki O, Edraki N, Khoshneviszadeh M, Zargari F, Ranjbar S, Saso L, Firuzi O, Miri R. Novel 5-oxo-hexahydroquinoline derivatives: design, synthesis, in vitro P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance reversal profile and molecular dynamics simulation study. Drug Des Devel Ther 2017; 11:407-418. [PMID: 28243063 PMCID: PMC5317256 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s119995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is one of the important mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR) in many tumor cells. In this study, 26 novel 5-oxo-hexahydroquinoline derivatives containing different nitrophenyl moieties at C4 and various carboxamide substituents at C3 were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit P-gp by measuring the amount of rhodamine 123 (Rh123) accumulation in uterine sarcoma cells that overexpress P-gp (MES-SA/Dx5) using flow cytometry. The effect of compounds with highest MDR reversal activities was further evaluated by measuring the alterations of MES-SA/Dx5 cells’ sensitivity to doxorubicin (DXR) using MTT assay. The results of both biological assays indicated that compounds bearing 2-nitrophenyl at C4 position and compounds with 4-chlorophenyl carboxamide at C3 demonstrated the highest activities in resistant cells, while they were devoid of any effect in parental nonresistant MES-SA cells. One of the active derivatives, 5c, significantly increased intracellular Rh123 at 100 µM, and it also significantly reduced the IC50 of DXR by 70.1% and 88.7% at 10 and 25 µM, respectively, in MES-SA/Dx5 cells. The toxicity of synthesized compounds against HEK293 as a noncancer cell line was also investigated. All tested derivatives except for 2c compound showed no cytotoxicity. A molecular dynamics simulation study was also performed to investigate the possible binding site of 5c in complex with human P-gp, which showed that this compound formed 11 average H-bonds with Ser909, Thr911, Arg547, Arg543 and Ser474 residues of P-gp. A good agreement was found between the results of the computational and experimental studies. The findings of this study show that some 5-oxo-hexahydroquinoline derivatives could serve as promising candidates for the discovery of new agents for P-gp-mediated MDR reversal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omolbanin Shahraki
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Najmeh Edraki
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center
| | - Mehdi Khoshneviszadeh
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Sara Ranjbar
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Ersparmer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Ramin Miri
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center
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17
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Jardínez C, Vela A, Cruz-Borbolla J, Alvarez-Mendez RJ, Alvarado-Rodríguez JG. Reduced density gradient as a novel approach for estimating QSAR descriptors, and its application to 1, 4-dihydropyridine derivatives with potential antihypertensive effects. J Mol Model 2016; 22:296. [PMID: 27889884 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-016-3159-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between the chemical structure and biological activity (log IC50) of 40 derivatives of 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHPs) was studied using density functional theory (DFT) and multiple linear regression analysis methods. With the aim of improving the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model, the reduced density gradient s( r) of the optimized equilibrium geometries was used as a descriptor to include weak non-covalent interactions. The QSAR model highlights the correlation between the log IC50 with highest molecular orbital energy (E HOMO), molecular volume (V), partition coefficient (log P), non-covalent interactions NCI(H4-G) and the dual descriptor [Δf(r)]. The model yielded values of R 2=79.57 and Q 2=69.67 that were validated with the next four internal analytical validations DK=0.076, DQ=-0.006, R P =0.056, and R N=0.000, and the external validation Q 2boot=64.26. The QSAR model found can be used to estimate biological activity with high reliability in new compounds based on a DHP series. Graphical abstract The good correlation between the log IC50 with the NCI (H4-G) estimated by the reduced density gradient approach of the DHP derivatives.
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18
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Auria-Luna F, Marqués-López E, Mohammadi S, Heiran R, Herrera RP. New Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Highly Substituted Chiral 2-Oxospiro-[indole-3,4'- (1',4'-dihydropyridine)] Derivatives. Molecules 2015; 20:15807-26. [PMID: 26334263 PMCID: PMC6331859 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200915807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report our preliminary results concerning the first promising asymmetric synthesis of highly functionalized 2-oxospiro-[indole-3,4′-(1′,4′-dihydropyridine)] via the reaction of an enamine with isatylidene malononitrile derivatives in the presence of a chiral base organocatalyst. The moderate, but promising, enantioselectivity observed (30%–58% ee (enantiomeric excess)) opens the door to a new area of research for the asymmetric construction of these appealing spirooxindole skeletons, whose enantioselective syntheses are still very limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Auria-Luna
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Eugenia Marqués-López
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Somayeh Mohammadi
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Roghayeh Heiran
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Raquel P Herrera
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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19
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Wang C, Jiang YH, Yan CG. One-pot four-component reaction for convenient synthesis of functionalized 1-benzamidospiro[indoline-3,4'-pyridines]. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:2671-6. [PMID: 25550730 PMCID: PMC4273213 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The one-pot four-component reaction of benzohydrazide (2-picolinohydrazide), acetylenedicarboxylate, isatins and malononitrile (ethyl cyanoacetate) with triethylamine as base catalyst afforded functionalized 1-benzamidospiro[indoline-3,4'-pyridines] in good yields. (1)H NMR spectra indicated that an equilibrium of cis/trans-conformations exist in the obtained products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Yan-Hong Jiang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Chao-Guo Yan
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
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20
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Zhou YT, Yu LS, Zeng S, Huang YW, Xu HM, Zhou Q. Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions between 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers and statins: factors determining interaction strength and relevant clinical risk management. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2013; 10:17-26. [PMID: 24379677 PMCID: PMC3873236 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s55512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coadministration of 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (DHP-CCBs) with statins (or 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A [HMG-CoA] reductase inhibitors) is common for patients with hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. To reduce the risk of myopathy, in 2011, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Drug Safety Communication set a new dose limitation for simvastatin, for patients taking simvastatin concomitantly with amlodipine. However, there is no such dose limitation for atorvastatin for patients receiving amlodipine. The combination pill formulation of amlodipine/atorvastatin is available on the market. There been no systematic review of the pharmacokinetic drug–drug interaction (DDI) profile of DHP-CCBs with statins, the underlying mechanisms for DDIs of different degree, or the corresponding management of clinical risk. Methods The relevant literature was identified by performing a PubMed search, covering the period from January 1987 to September 2013. Studies in the field of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics that described DDIs between DHP-CCB and statin or that directly compared the degree of DDIs associated with cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A4-metabolized statins or DHP-CCBs were included. The full text of each article was critically reviewed, and data interpretation was performed. Results There were three circumstances related to pharmacokinetic DDIs in the combined use of DHP-CCB and statin: 1) statin is comedicated as the precipitant drug (pravastatin–nimodipine and lovastatin–nicardipine); 2) statin is comedicated as the object drug (isradipine–lovastatin, lacidipine–simvastatin, amlodipine–simvastatin, benidipine-simvastatin, azelnidipine– simvastatin, lercanidipine–simvastatin, and amlodipine–atorvastatin); and 3) mutual interactions (lercanidipine–fluvastatin). Simvastatin has an extensive first-pass effect in the intestinal wall, whereas atorvastatin has a smaller intestinal first-pass effect. The interaction with simvastatin seems mainly driven by CYP3A4 inhibition at the intestinal level, whereas the interaction with atorvastatin is more due to hepatic CYP3A4 inhibition. The interaction of CYP3A4 inhibitor with simvastatin has been more pronounced compared with atorvastatin. From the current data, atorvastatin seems to be a safer CYP3A4-statin for comedication with DHP-CCB. There is no convincing evidence that amlodipine is an unusual DHP-CCB, either as a precipitant drug or as an object drug, from the perspective of CYP3A4-mediated drug metabolism. Amlodipine may have interactions with CYP3A5 in addition to CYP3A4, which may explain its particular characteristics in comparison with other DHP-CCBs. The degree of DDIs between the DHP-CCB and statin and the clinical outcome depends on many factors, such as the kind of statin, physicochemical proprieties of the DHP-CCB, the dose of either the precipitant drug or the object drug, the sex of the patient (eg, isradipine–lovastatin), route of drug administration (eg, oral versus intravenous nicardipine–lovastatin), the administration schedule (eg, nonconcurrent dosing method versus concurrent dosing method), and the pharmacogenetic status (eg, CYP3A5-nonexpressers versus CYP3A5-expressers). Conclusion Clinical professionals should enhance risk management regarding the combination use of two classes of drugs by increasing their awareness of the potential changes in therapeutic efficacy and adverse drug reactions, by rationally prescribing alternatives, by paying attention to dose adjustment and the administration schedule, and by review of the appropriateness of physician orders. Further study is needed – the DDIs between DHP-CCBs and statins have not all been studied in humans, from either a pharmacokinetic or a clinical perspective; also, the strength of the different pharmacokinetic interactions of DHP-CCBs with statins should be addressed by systematic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Shan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Su Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Wen Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Min Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, People's Republic of China
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21
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Zhang LJ, Wu Q, Sun J, Yan CG. Synthesis of functionalized spiro[indoline-3,4'-pyridines] and spiro[indoline-3,4'-pyridinones] via one-pot four-component reactions. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:846-51. [PMID: 23766799 PMCID: PMC3678513 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In the presence of triethylamine as catalyst, the one-pot four-component reactions of arylamines, methyl propiolate, isatin and malononitrile afforded the functionalized spiro[indoline-3,4’-pyridine] derivatives in good yields. Similar reactions with ethyl cyanoacetate successfully afforded the functionalized spiro[indoline-3,4’-pyridines] and spiro[indoline-3,4’-pyridinones] as the main products according to the structures of the arylamines and other primary amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
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Goukassian D, Sanz-González SM, Pérez-Roger I, Font de Mora J, Ureña J, Andrés V. Inhibition of the cyclin D1/E2F pathway by PCA-4230, a potent repressor of cellular proliferation. Br J Pharmacol 2001; 132:1597-605. [PMID: 11264255 PMCID: PMC1572687 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
1. Tight control of cellular growth is essential to ensure normal tissue patterning and prevent pathological responses. Excessive vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation is associated with the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and restenosis post-angioplasty. Thus, drug targeting of pathological VSMC growth may be a suitable therapeutic intervention in vascular proliferative diseases. 2. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying VSMC growth arrest induced by the pharmacological agent PCA-4230. Addition of PCA-4230 to cultured VSMCs blocked the induction of cyclin D1 and cyclin A expression normally seen in serum-restimulated cells. Moreover, PCA-4230 inhibited cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) activity and abrogated hyperphosphorylation of the retinoblastoma (Rb) gene product. Similarly, PCA-4230-dependent growth arrest of transformed cell lines correlated with reduced level of cyclin D1 protein and inhibition of CDK2 activity. Consistent with these findings, PCA-4230 repressed serum-inducible cyclin A promoter activity, and overexpression of either cyclin D1 or E2F1 efficiently circumvented this inhibitory effect. Importantly, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of E2F1 restored S-phase entry in PCA-4230-treated VSMCs, demonstrating that PCA-4230 represses cyclin A gene expression and VSMC growth via inhibition of the cyclin D1/E2F pathway. 3. Because of its ability to inhibit the growth of human VSMCs and transformed cell lines, future studies are warranted to assess whether PCA-4230 may be a suitable therapeutic intervention for the treatment of hyperproliferative disorders, including cardiovascular disease and cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carrier Proteins
- Cell Cycle Proteins/drug effects
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclin A/genetics
- Cyclin D1/metabolism
- Cyclin D1/physiology
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- Dihydropyridines/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- E2F Transcription Factors
- E2F1 Transcription Factor
- Humans
- Luciferases/drug effects
- Luciferases/genetics
- Luciferases/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred F344
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/drug effects
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Retinoblastoma-Binding Protein 1
- S Phase
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Time Factors
- Transcription Factor DP1
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/physiology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- D Goukassian
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, MA 02118, USA
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Abstract
1. In the present study we examined the effects of PCA-4230, a novel antithrombotic agent, on the growth of cultured A10 vascular smooth muscle cells (rat'aorta). 2. The action of PCA-4230 on cell proliferation and on serum-induced DNA synthesis was determined by measuring the cell number and the incorporation of the thymidine analogue 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), respectively. 3. PCA-4230 reversibly inhibited vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. The increase in cell number was significantly reduced in the presence of 1 and 50 microM PCA-4230. 4. DNA synthesis was concentration-dependently inhibited by PCA-4230 (0.5 to 50 microM) in A10 cells that were synchronized by 48 h serum starvation and then re-stimulated by serum repletion, with an IC50 value of 13 microM. However, serum-induced DNA synthesis in bovine aortic endothelial cells was not significantly affected by PCA-4230. In addition, PCA-4230 (50 microM) caused a significant drop in PDGF-BB-mediated BrdU incorporation in A10 cells. 5. The effect of PCA-4230 on serum-induced DNA synthesis was compared to that elicited by nifedipine, another dihydropyridine-class inhibitor of vascular smooth muscle proliferation. PCA-4230 (10 microM) elicited a degree of inhibition similar to that of nifedipine at equimolar concentration. 6. To define the nature of the cell proliferation inhibition, an evaluation of cell cycle progression was undertaken. Flow cytometry studies of DNA content in synchronized cells revealed a block of the serum-inducible cell cycle progression. This inhibitory effect was markedly reduced when PCA-4230 was added 2 h after serum repletion. 7. Accordingly, PCA-4230 (50 microM) caused a 95 and 90% decrease in the elevation of c-fos and c-jun proto-oncogenes expression as evaluated by Northern blot analysis of mRNA induced early after serum addition. 8. The present results indicate that PCA-4230 inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, in culture, by altering the cell cycle progression. Flow cytometric studies of DNA content and the down regulation of c-fos and c-jun proto-oncogenes, suggest that the drug is acting at the early G0/G1 transition phase. PCA-4230 may hold promising potential for the prevention of structural abnormalities of blood vessels associated with atherosclerosis and vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M del Rio
- Research Department, Laboratorios Alter, S.A., Madrid, Spain
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