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Le Guillou A, Pugliese P, Raffi F, Cabie A, Cuzin L, Katlama C, Allavena C, Drame M, Cotte L, Bani-Sadr F. Reaching the Second and Third Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 90-90-90 Targets Is Accompanied by a Dramatic Reduction in Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection and in Recent HIV Infections in a Large French Nationwide HIV Cohort. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 71:293-300. [PMID: 31612225 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In late 2013, France was one of the first countries to recommend initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) irrespective of CD4 cell count. METHODS To assess the impact of achieving the second and third Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 90-90-90 targets (ie, 90% of diagnosed people on sustained cART, and, of those, 90% virologically controlled) on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence, we conducted a longitudinal study to describe the epidemiology of primary HIV infection (PHI) and/or recent HIV infection (patients with CD4 cell count ≥500/mm3 at HIV diagnosis; (PRHI) between 2007 and 2017 in a large French multicenter cohort. To identify changes in trends in PHI and PRHI, we used single breakpoint linear segmented regression analysis. RESULTS During the study period, 61 822 patients were followed in the Dat'AIDS cohort; 2027 (10.0%) had PHI and 7314 (36.1%) had PRHI. The second and third targets were reached in 2014 and 2013, respectively. The median delay between HIV diagnosis and cART initiation decreased from 9.07 (interquartile range [IQR], 1.39-33.47) months in 2007 to 0.77 (IQR, 0.37-1.60) months in 2017. A decrease in PHI (-35.1%) and PRHI (-25.4%) was observed starting in 2013. The breakpoints for PHI and PRHI were 2012.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2010.8-2014.4) and 2013.1 (95% CI, 2011.3-2014.8), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that the achievements of 2 public health targets in France and the early initiation of cART were accompanied by a reduction of about one-third in PHI and PRHI between 2013 and 2017. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT02898987.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Le Guillou
- Department of Research and Public Health, Reims Teaching Hospitals, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Pascal Pugliese
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France
| | - François Raffi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU de Nantes and CIC 1413, INSERM; Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - André Cabie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Martinique, INSERM CIC 1424, Martinique, France
| | - Lise Cuzin
- Department of Infectious Diseases; University Hospital of Martinique, Martinique; INSERM UMR 1027, Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Katlama
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Clotilde Allavena
- Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU de Nantes and CIC 1413, INSERM; Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Moustapha Drame
- Department of Research and Public Health, Reims Teaching Hospitals, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims, France.,Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, University Hospitals of Martinique, Martinique, France
| | - Laurent Cotte
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Croix-Rousse Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, and INSERM U1052, Lyon, France
| | - Firouzé Bani-Sadr
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Reims, France.,University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, EA-4684/SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims, France
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Nguefack-Tsague G, Billong SC, Tiemtore OW, Zeh Meka AF, Diallo I, Bongwong B, Ngoufack MN, Mvilongo E, Ndowa Y, Diallo H, Clary B, Takpa K, Guiard-Schmid JB, Bonono L, Elat-Nfetam JB, Zhao J. On estimating the number of people with known HIV positive status. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:118. [PMID: 32106876 PMCID: PMC7047381 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-04957-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In 2014, the Joint United Nations Program on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) and partners set the ‘90-90-90 targets’. Many countries are facing the challenge of estimating the first 90. Our objective was to propose an alternative modelling procedure, and to discuss its usefulness for taking into account duplication. Results For deduplication, we identified two important ingredients: the probability for an HIV+ person of being re-tested during the period and average number of HIV+ tests. Other adjusted factors included: the false positive probability; the death and emigration probabilities. The uncertainty of the adjusted estimate was assessed using the plausibility bounds and sensitivity analysis. The proposed method was applied to Cameroon for the period 1987–2016. Of the 560,000 people living with HIV estimated from UNAIDS in 2016; 504,000 out to know their status. The model estimates that 380,464 [379,257, 381,674] know their status (75.5%); thus 179,536 who do not know their status should be sought through the intensification of testing. These results were subsequently used for constructing the full 2016 Cameroon HIV cascade for identifying programmatic gap, prioritizing the resources, and guiding the strategies of the 2018–2022 National Strategy Plan and funding request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Nguefack-Tsague
- Biostatistics Unit, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 8 550, Yaoundé, Cameroon. .,National AIDS Control Committee, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Serge Clotaire Billong
- Biostatistics Unit, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 8 550, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,National AIDS Control Committee, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ousseni W Tiemtore
- Initiatives Conseil International-Santé (ICI-santé), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Ismael Diallo
- Hôpital de jour, CHU-Yalgado Ouédraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Brian Bongwong
- Biostatistics Unit, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 8 550, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Marie Nicole Ngoufack
- Centre International de Reference Chantal Biya, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ernest Mvilongo
- National AIDS Control Committee, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Yemurai Ndowa
- The Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Houssey Diallo
- The Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Clary
- The Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Leonard Bonono
- National AIDS Control Committee, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Jinkou Zhao
- The Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, Geneva, Switzerland
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Lagi F, Kiros ST, Campolmi I, Giachè S, Rogasi PG, Mazzetti M, Bartalesi F, Trotta M, Nizzoli P, Bartoloni A, Sterrantino G. Continuum of care among HIV-1 positive patients in a single center in Italy (2007-2017). Patient Prefer Adherence 2018; 12:2545-2551. [PMID: 30555224 PMCID: PMC6280894 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s180736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to determine rates of retention in care, viral suppression, and use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and identify risk factors for loss to follow-up (FU) in an adult cohort from a tertiary teaching hospital in Florence, Italy. METHODS We included all newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients aged >18 years who were linked to our clinic from July 2007 to December 2015. On July 31, 2017, we evaluated the proportion of patients retained in care, on ART, and having HIV RNA <50 copies/mL. We assessed predictors of loss to FU through univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS We included 423 patients. By July 2017, 23 (5.5%) patients died, 25 (5.9%) moved to a different center, and 64 (15.1%) were lost to follow-up. Among the remaining 311 patients (73.5%), 96.5% were on ART and 95% had HIV RNA <50 copies/mL. After adjustment for sex, age at diagnosis, origin, and risk of transmission, our results showed a lower retention rate in those not on ART at the end of the follow-up (adjusted HR [aHR]: 10.33, 95% CI 5.80-18.40, P<0.001), non-Italians (aHR: 1.69, 95% CI: 0.99-2.89, P=0.054) and <35 years old (aHR: 1.85; 95% CI 1.04-3.30, P=0.037). CONCLUSION In our hospital in Florence, we found a gap in retention in care among foreigners, people <35 years old, and those who were not in treatment at the end of the follow-up. The results of this study may help to identify opportunities for appropriate future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Lagi
- Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Seble Tekle Kiros
- Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Irene Campolmi
- Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Susanna Giachè
- Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pier Giorgio Rogasi
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy,
| | - Marcello Mazzetti
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy,
| | - Filippo Bartalesi
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy,
| | - Michele Trotta
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy,
| | - Patrizia Nizzoli
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, USL Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bartoloni
- Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy,
| | - Gaetana Sterrantino
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy,
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Rabie H, Frigati L, Hesseling AC, Garcia-Prats AJ. Tuberculosis: opportunities and challenges for the 90-90-90 targets in HIV-infected children. J Int AIDS Soc 2015; 18:20236. [PMID: 26639110 DOI: 10.7448/IAS.18.7.20236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In 2014 the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS defined the ambitious 90-90-90 targets for 2020, in which 90% of people living with HIV must be diagnosed, 90% of those diagnosed should be on sustained therapy and 90% of those on therapy should have an undetectable viral load. Children are considered to be a key focus population for these targets. This review will highlight key components of the epidemiology, prevention and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected children in the era of increasing access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and their relation to the 90-90-90 targets. DISCUSSION The majority of HIV-infected children live in countries with a high burden of TB. In settings with a high burden of both diseases such as in sub-Saharan Africa, up to 57% of children diagnosed with and treated for TB are HIV-infected. TB results in substantial morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected children, so preventing TB and optimizing its treatment in HIV-infected children will be important to ensuring good long-term outcomes. Prevention of TB can be achieved by increasing access to ART to both children and adults, and appropriate provision of isoniazid preventative therapy. Co-treatment of HIV and TB is complicated by drug-drug interactions particularly due to the use of rifampicin; these may compromise virologic outcomes if appropriate corrective actions are not taken. There remain substantial operational challenges, and improved integration of paediatric TB and HIV services, including with antenatal and routine under-five care, is an important priority. CONCLUSIONS TB may be an important barrier to achievement of the 90-90-90 targets, but specific attention to TB care in HIV-infected children may provide important opportunities to enhance the care of both TB and HIV in children.
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